2. • At the end of the session, student should be
able to:
Recognized the characteristic of
(i) Normal squamous epithelial
(ii) Pre-cancerous and
(iii) Cancerous cells

3. Pre-Cancerous stage Cancerous stage

4. (SQUAMOUS CELL)
Normal N/C ratio
Key word:
N= Nucleus
C=Cytoplasm

5. (Low grade Squamous Intraepithelail lesion)
• Slightly high
N/C ratio

6. (Low grade Squamous Intraepithelail lesion)
• High
N/C ratio

7. (SCC)
• High
N/C ratio
•Bizarre shape
•Caudated (Tail)

10. (Pre cancerous)
• slightly high N/C ratio

12. (Cancerous/ Carcinoma)
• High N/C ratio
• Bizarre shape

14. (Pre cancerous)
• high N/C ratio

16. • normal N/C ratio