Education system in the philippines

Education System in the Philippines
Education School/Level
Grade
From
Grade
To
Age
From
Age
To
Years Notes
Primary
Paaralang
Elementarya
1 6 6 12 6
Elementary school covers the first six years of
compulsory education (grades 1–6) informally
divided into 3 years of primary level and 3 years of
intermediate level.
Secondary
Paaralang
Sekundarya
1 4 12 17 4
Secondary education consists of four levels largely
based on the American schooling system. DepEd
(Department of Education) specifies a compulsory
curriculum for all secondary schools, public and
private.
Vocational
Bokasyonal na
Edukasyon at
Pagsasanay
Technical and vocational education is offered by
government operated or private institutions often
called colleges. Programs duration varies from a
few weeks to 3 years. upon the graduation from
most of the programs students may take TESDA
(Technical Education and Skills Authority)
examination to receive an appropriate certificate or
diploma.
Tertiary
University/College -
Undergraduate Level
Higher Education is governed by the Commission
on Higher Education (CHED) that was created on
May 18, 1994 through the passage of Republic Act
No. 7722, or the Higher Education Act of 1994.
The creation of CHED was part of a broad agenda
of reforms on the country’s education system
outlined by the Congressional Commission on
Education (EDCOM) in 1992. Part of the reforms
was the trifocalization of the education sector into
three governing bodies: the CHED for tertiary and
graduate education, the Department of Education
(DepEd) for basic education and the Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority
(TESDA) for technical-vocational and middle-level
education.
Tertiary
University/College -
Graduate Level
Primary Education
Paaralang Elementarya or elementary education is the first part of the educational system, and it includes the first six
years of compulsory education from grade 1 to 6, with an optional 7th grade offered by some schools. Major subjects
include maths, science, English, Filipino and social sciences. Optional subjects include music, arts, physical education,
and health. Private school students may select subjects from a wider curriculum including religious instruction in the
dogma of their choice.
Until 2004, primary students traditionally sat for the National Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) administered by the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS). However, the scores obtained by students in the NEAT were not
used as a basis for their admission into Secondary school.
During 2004, when DECS was officially converted into the Department of Education (DepEd), and as a result of
reorganization, the NEAT was changed to National Achievement Test (NAT) by the Department of Education (DepEd).
Students from both public and private elementary schools take this exam to measure a school's competency. As of 2006,
only private schools have entrance examinations for Secondary school.

Middle Education
Middle school education is a part of Primary (or Elementary) Education
Secondary Education
Secondary education known as Paaralang Sekundarya comprises 4 grades that have changed little since the second world
war. The curriculum is prescribed for both private and state schools. Core subjects are as follows:
 Year 1 - Filipino 1, Algebra 1, Integrated Science, English 1, Phillipine History
 Year 2 - Filipino 2, Algebra 2, Biology, English 2, Asian History
 Year 3 - Filipino 3, Geometry, Chemistry, World History, Geography
 Year 4 - Filipino 4, Calculus, Trigonometry, Physics, Literature, Economics
Minor optional subjects include Health, Music, Arts, Physical Education, Home Economics and Technology. Selected
schools present additional subjects. Total secondary school numbers exceed 5.5 million.
Vocational Education
Accredited mainly private institutions known as colleges offer technical and vocational education. Programs offered vary
in duration from a few weeks to two-year diplomas. On completion students may take centrally-administered
examinations to obtain their diploma or certificate.
Vocational colleges don’t usually require an entrance examination, only a record of high school education and an
enrollment fee.
Tertiary Education
Most institutions of higher learning are regulated by the commission for
higher education.
Colleges typically offer 1 or more specialized programs while universities must offer at least 8 different undergraduate
degree programs in a wide array of subjects and at least 2 graduate programs.
Public universities are all non-sectarian and offer a wide-range of programs, with English as a medium of instruction.
Public universities are government funded, with the largest, the University of the Philippines, receiving the substantial
portion of the annual budget.
There are also a number of private tertiary institutions, sectarian or non-sectarian as well as for-profit or not-for-profit.
Most private institutions are Catholic non-profit organizations.
Most universities offer 4 year degree programs with 2 semesters per year.

Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and
local governments.[citation needed]
Education is within provincial jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by the
province.[15]
Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education
and post-secondary. Within the provinces under the ministry of education, there are district school boards
administering the educational programs.[16]
Education is compulsory up to the age of 16 in every province in
Canada, except for Manitoba, Ontario and New Brunswick, where the compulsory age is 18, or as soon as a
high school diploma has been achieved. In some provinces early leaving exemptions can be granted under
certain circumstances at 14. Canada generally has 190 (180 in Quebec) school days in the year, officially
starting from September (after Labour Day) to the end of June (usually the last Friday of the month, except in
Quebec when it is just before June 24 – the provincial holiday).
Canada-wide
Elementary, secondary, and post-secondary education in Canada is a provincial responsibility and there are
many variations between the provinces. Some educational fields are supported at various levels by federal
departments. For example, the Department of National Defence includes the Royal Military College of Canada,
while the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada is responsible for the education of First
Nations.[17][18]
Vocational training can be subsidized by the Learning branch of Human Resources and Skills
Development Canada (a federal department).[19][20][21]
1950 Canadian School Train. Pupils attend classes at Nemegos near Chapleau, Ontario.
About one out of ten Canadians does not have a high school diploma – one in seven has a university degree –
the adult population that is without a high school diploma is a combination of both immigrant and Canadian-
born. In many places, publicly funded high school courses are offered to the adult population. The ratio of high
school graduates versus non diploma-holders is changing rapidly, partly due to changes in the labour market
that require people to have a high school diploma and, in many cases, a university degree. Majority of Schools
67% percent are co-Ed.
Canada spends about 5.4% of its GDP on education.[12]
The country invests heavily in tertiary education (more
than 20 000 USD per student).[22]
Since the adoption of section 23 of the Constitution Act, 1982, education in
both English and French has been available in most places across Canada (if the population of children speaking
the minority language justifies it), although French Second Language education/French Immersion is available
to anglophone students across Canada.
According to an announcement of Canadian Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, Canada is introducing a
new, fast-track system to let foreign students and graduates with Canadian work experience become permanent
eligible residents in Canada.[23]
Most schools have introduced one or more initiatives such as programs in Native studies, antiracism, Aboriginal
cultures and crafts; visits by elders and other community members; and content in areas like indigenous
languages, Aboriginal spirituality, indigenous knowledge of nature, and tours to indigenous heritage sites.[24]
Although these classes are offered, most appear to be limited by the area or region in which students reside.
"The curriculum is designed to elicit development and quality of people's cognition through the guiding of
accommodations of individuals to their natural environment and their changing social order"[25]
Finally, "some
scholars view academics as a form of "soft power" helping to educate and to create positive attitudes.",[26]
although there is criticism that educators are merely telling students what to think, instead of how to think for
themselves.[27][28][29]
Furthermore, "subjects that typically get assessed (i.e., language arts, mathematics, and
science) assume greater importance than non-assessed subjects (i.e., music, visual arts, and physical education)

or facets of the curriculum (i.e., reading and writing versus speaking and listening)."[30]
The students in the
Canadian school system receive a variety of classes that are offered to them. The system is set up to meet the
diverse needs of the individual student.
Divisions by religion and language
The Constitution of Canada provides constitutional protections for some types of publicly funded religious-
based and language-based school systems.
The Constitution Act, 1867 contains a guarantee for publicly funded religious-based separate schools, provided
the separate schools were established by law prior to the province joining Confederation. Court cases have
established that this provision did not apply to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba, British Columbia, and
Prince Edward Island, since those provinces did not provide a legal guarantee for separate schools prior to
Confederation. The provision did originally apply to Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and
Newfoundland and Labrador, since these provinces did have pre-existing separate schools. This constitutional
provision was repealed in Quebec by a constitutional amendment in 1997, and for Newfoundland and Labrador
in 1998. The constitutional provision continues to apply to Ontario, Saskatchewan and Alberta. There is a
similar federal statutory provision which applies to the Northwest Territories.
Section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the right of citizens who were educated
in the minority language in a particular province to have their children educated in the minority language in
publicly funded schools. In practice, this guarantee means that there are publicly funded English schools in
Quebec, and publicly funded French schools in the other provinces and the territories.
Quebec students must attend a French school up until the end of high school unless one of their parents qualifies
as a rights-holder under s. 23 of the Charter. In Ontario, French language schools automatically admit students
recognized under section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and may admit non-francophone
students through the board's admissions committee consisting of the school principal, a school superintendent
and a teacher.
Length of study
Most education programs in Canada begin in kindergarten (age five) or grade one (age six) and go to grade
twelve (age 17 or 18), except in Quebec, where students finish a year earlier. After completion of a secondary
school diploma, students may go on to post-secondary studies.
Authorities
Normally, for each type of publicly funded school (such as Public English or Public French), the province is
divided into districts (or divisions). For each district, board members (trustees) are elected only by its supporters
within the district (voters receive a ballot for just one of the boards in their area). Normally, all publicly funded
schools are under the authority of their local district school board. These school boards would follow a common
curriculum set up by the province the board resides in. Only Alberta allows public charter schools, which are
independent of any district board. Instead, they each have their own board, which reports directly to the
province.
Pre-university
Primary education and secondary education combined are sometimes referred to as K-12 (Kindergarten through
Grade 12). Secondary schooling, known as high school, 'collegiate institute, "école secondaire" or secondary
school, consists of different grades depending on the province in which one resides. Furthermore, grade

structure may vary within a province or even within a school division and may or may not include middle
school or junior high school.
Kindergarten (or its equivalent) is available for children in all provinces in the year they turn five (except
Ontario and Quebec, where it begins a year earlier), but the names of these programs, provincial funding, and
the number of hours provided varies widely. For example, the Department of Education in Nova Scotia refers to
Kindergarten as Grade Primary.[31]
Ontario offers two years of optional kindergarten (junior kindergarten for four-year olds and senior kindergarten
for five-year olds). At French schools in Ontario, these programs are called Maternelle and CPE Centre de la
Petite Enfance.[32]
In 2010, Ontario increased both years to full-day programs, while BC's single year of
kindergarten became full-day in 2012. Quebec offers heavily subsidized preschool programs and introduced an
early kindergarten program for children from low-income families in 2013. Students in the Prairie provinces are
not required by statute to attend kindergarten. As a result, kindergarten often is not available in smaller towns.
Dependent on the province the age of mandatory entry to the education system is at 4–7 years. Starting at grade
one, at age six or seven, there is universal publicly funded access up to grade twelve (age seventeen to
eighteen), except in Quebec, where secondary school ends one year earlier. Children are required to attend
school until the age of sixteen (eighteen in Manitoba, Ontario, and New Brunswick). In Quebec, the typical high
school term ends after Secondary V/Grade eleven (age sixteen to seventeen); following this, students who wish
to pursue their studies to the university level have to attend college (see Education in Quebec). Quebec is
currently the only province where Grade 12 is part of postsecondary, though Grade 11 was also the end of
secondary education in Newfoundland and Labrador prior to the introduction of grade 12 in 1983.
Ontario had a "Grade 13" known as Ontario Academic Credit (OAC) year, but this was abolished in 2003 by the
provincial government to cut costs. As a result, the curriculum has been compacted, and the more difficult
subjects, such as mathematics, are comparatively harder than before. However, the system is now
approximately equivalent to what has been the case outside of Quebec and Ontario for many years.
Students may continue to attend high school until the ages of 19 to 21 (the cut-off age for high school varies
between provinces). Those 19 and over may attend adult school. Students of high school age who have received
long-term suspensions or have been expelled, or are otherwise unable or unwilling to attend conventional
schools may be offered alternative learning options to complete their secondary education, such as drop-in
programs, night school, or distance/online classes.
In British Columbia secondary schools, there are 172 school days during a school year. (2013-2014).[33]
An increasing number of international students are attending pre-university courses at Canadian high schools.
Post-secondary education
See also: Higher education in Canada and U15 (universities)
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable
sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2010)

Canadian university enrollment in various subjects - 2005/2006 [34]
Post-secondary education in Canada is also the responsibility of the individual provinces and territories. Those
governments provide the majority of funding to their public post-secondary institutions, with the remainder of
funding coming from tuition fees, the federal government, and research grants. Compared to other countries in
the past, Canada has had the highest tertiary school enrollment as a percentage of their graduating population.
Nearly all post-secondary institutions in Canada have the authority to grant academic credentials (i.e., diplomas
or degrees). Generally speaking, universities grant degrees (e.g., bachelor's, master's or doctorate degrees) while
colleges, which typically offer vocationally oriented programs, grant diplomas and certificates. However, some
colleges offer applied arts degrees that lead to or are equivalent to degrees from a university. Private career
colleges are overseen by legislative acts for each province. For example in British Columbia training providers
will be registered and accredited with the (PCTIA) Private Career Training Institutions Agency regulated under
the Private Career Training Institutions Act (SBC 2003) [35]
Each province with their own correlating agency.
Unlike the United States, there is no "accreditation body" that oversees the universities in Canada. Universities
in Canada have degree-granting authority via an Act or Ministerial Consent from the Ministry of Education of
the particular province.
Post-secondary education in Quebec begins with college following graduation from Grade 11 (or Secondary V).
Students complete a two- or three-year general program leading to admission to a university, or a professional
program leading directly into the labour force. In most cases, bachelor's degree programs in Quebec are three
years instead of the usual four; however, in many cases, students attending a university in Quebec that did not
graduate from college must complete an additional year of coursework. When Ontario had five years of high
school, a three-year bachelor's degree was common, but these degrees are being phased out in favour of the
four-year degree.
The main variation between the provinces, with respect to the universities, is the amount of funding they receive
and the amount of tuition and other fees they charge.
The Royal Military College of Canada (RMC), is the military academy of the Canadian Forces and is a full
degree-granting university. RMC is the only federal institution with degree granting powers.
Private schools
About 5.6% of students are in private schools.[36]
A minority of these are elite private schools, which are
attended by only a small fraction of students, but do have a great deal of prestige and prominence. A far larger
portion of private schools are religious based institutions. Private schools are also used to study outside the
country. For example, Canadian College Italy has an Ontario curriculum, but the school is located in Italy.

Private schools have historically been less common on the Canadian Prairies and were often forbidden under
municipal and provincial statutes enacted to provide equality of education to students regardless of family
income. This is especially true in Alberta, where successive Social Credit (or populist conservative)
governments denounced the concept of private education as the main cause of denial of opportunity to the
children of the working poor.
Private Universities
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to
reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2010)
In the past, private universities in Canada maintained a religious history or foundation. Although since 1999, the
Province of New Brunswick passed the Degree Granting Act [1] allowing private universities to operate in the
Province.[37][38]
The University of Fredericton is the newest University to receive designation in New
Brunswick.
Trinity Western University, in Langley British Columbia, was founded in 1962 as a junior college and received
full accreditation in 1985. In 2002, British Columbia’s Quest University became the first privately funded
liberal arts university without a denominational affiliation (although it is not the first private liberal arts
university). Many provinces, including Ontario and Alberta, have passed legislation allowing private degree-
granting institutions (not necessarily universities) to operate there.
Many Canadians remain polarized on the issue of permitting private universities into the Canadian market. On
the one hand, Canada’s top universities find it difficult to compete with the private American powerhouses
because of funding, but on the other hand, the fact that the price of private universities tends to exclude those
who cannot pay that much for their education could prevent a significant portion of Canada’s population from
being able to attend these schools.
In addition to the issue of access, some Canadians find issue with protections instituted within the Charter of
Rights and Freedoms as ruled by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2001 and consistent with federal and
provincial law that (private) faith based universities in Canada based on the long established principles of
freedom of conscience and religion can exempt itself from more recent human rights legislation when they
insist in their “community covenant” code signed by staff, faculty and students that they act in accordance with
the faith of the school. The covenant may require restraint from those acts considered in contradiction with the
tenets of their faith such as homosexual relationships, sex outside marriage or more broadly abstain from
consuming alcohol on campus or viewing pornography.[39]
However private-Christian based schools do not
preclude homosexual or lesbian students from attending.[40]
Some faith based universities have been known to
fire staff and faculty which refused to adhere or whose actions were in opposition with the tenets of the faith
although in some provinces based on the circumstances their dismissal have been successfully challenged in
court.[41]
Religious schools
Each province deals differently with private religious schools. In Ontario the Catholic system continues to be
fully publicly funded while other faiths are not. Ontario has several private Jewish, Muslim, and Christian
schools all funded through tuition fees. Since the Catholic schools system is entrenched in the constitution, the
Supreme Court has ruled that this system is constitutional. However, the United Nations Human Rights
Committee has ruled that Ontario's system is discriminatory, suggesting that Ontario either fund no faith-based
schools, or all of them.[42]
In 2002 the government of Mike Harris introduced a controversial program to
partially fund all private schools, but this was criticized for undermining the public education system and the
program was eliminated after the Liberals won the 2003 provincial election.

In other provinces privately operated religious schools are funded. In British Columbia the government pays
independent schools that meet rigorous provincial standards up to 50% of the per-student operating cost of
public schools. The province has a number of Sikh, Hindu, Christian, and Muslim schools. Alberta also has a
network of charter schools, which are fully funded schools offering distinct approaches to education within the
public school system. Alberta charter schools are not private and the province does not grant charters to
religious schools. These schools have to follow the provincial curriculum and meet all standards, but are given
considerable freedom in other areas. In all other provinces private religious schools receive some funding, but
not as much as the public system.
An example of how schools can be divided by religion, Toronto has two English boards; Toronto Catholic
District School Board and Toronto District School Board, and two French boards; Conseil scolaire de district
catholique Centre-Sud and Conseil scolaire Viamonde.
History of religious schools
The first schools in New France were operated by the Catholic church (as indeed were schools in France itself).
In the early nineteenth century the colonial governments moved to set up publicly funded education systems.
Protestants and Catholics were deeply divided over how religious and moral education should be delivered. In
Upper Canada the Catholic minority rejected the Protestant practice of Biblical study in schools, while in Lower
Canada the Protestant minority objected to the education system instilling Roman Catholic dogma. Thus in both
these areas two schools systems were established, a Catholic and a Protestant. Upon Confederation these
schools systems were enshrined in the British North America Act, 1867. British Columbia established a non-
sectarian school system in 1872.
In the three Maritime provinces, schools were mainly Protestant, and a single Protestant oriented school system
was established in each of them. In Newfoundland there was not only the Catholic/Protestant split, but also deep
divisions between Protestant sects, and nine separate schools systems were set up, one catering to each major
denomination. Eventually the major Protestant boards merged into an integrated school system.
The three Prairie provinces adopted a system based on Ontario's with a dominant Protestant system, and smaller
Catholic ones. In 1891, however Manitoba moved to eliminate the Catholic board, sparking the Manitoba
Schools Question. It demonstrated the deep divergence of cultural, religious and language values and became an
issue of national importance. The Catholic Franco-Manitobains had been guaranteed a state-supported separate
school system in the original constitution of Manitoba, such that their children would be taught in French.
However a grassroots political movement among English Protestants from 1888 to 1890 demanded the end of
French schools. In 1890, the Manitoba legislature passed a law removing funding for French Catholic
schools.[43]
The French Catholic minority asked the federal government for support; however, the Orange Order
and other anti-Catholic forces mobilized nationwide to oppose them.[44]
The federal Conservatives proposed
remedial legislation to override Manitoba, but they were blocked by the Liberals, led by Wilfrid Laurier, who
opposed the remedial legislation because of his belief in provincial rights.[43]
The Manitoba Schools issue
became an issue in the Canadian federal election of 1896, where it worked against the Conservatives and helped
elect the Liberals.[45]
As Prime Minister, Laurier implemented a compromise stating that Catholics in Manitoba
could have their own religious instruction for 30 minutes at the end of the day if there were enough students to
warrant it, implemented on a school-by-school basis.[43]
In Ontario in 1912, the Conservative government of Sir James P. Whitney issued Regulation 17 which severely
limited the availability of French-language schooling to the province's French-speaking minority.[46]
French
could only be used in the first two years of schooling, and then only English was allowed. French-Canadians—
growing rapidly in number in eastern Ontario because of migration, reacted with outrage, journalist Henri
Bourassa denouncing the "Prussians of Ontario". It was one of the key reasons the Francophones turned away
from the war effort in 1915 and refused to enlist. Ontario's Catholics were led by the Irish, who united with the
Protestants in opposing French schools.[47]
Regulation 17 was eventually repealed in 1927.[48]

Over time, the originally Protestant school boards of English Canada, known as the public schools, became
increasingly secularized as Canadians came to believe in the separation of Church and state, and the main
boards became secular ones. In Ontario all overt religiosity was removed from the public school system in
1990. In two provinces the sectarian education systems have recently been eliminated through constitutional
change. Newfoundland and Labrador eliminated its tri-denominational Catholic-Protestant-Pentecostal system
after two referendums. In Quebec the Catholic/Protestant divide was replaced with a French language/English
language one.
Levels in education
Canada outside Quebec
As the education system in Canada is managed by the varying provincial governments in Canada, the way the
educational stages are grouped and named may differ from each region, or even between districts and individual
schools. The ages are the age of the students when they end the school year in June.
 Early childhood education
o Junior Kindergarten or Pre-Kindergarten (ages 3–5) (Ontario only)[49]
o Grade Primary or Kindergarten (ages 5–6)
 Elementary education
o Grade 1 (ages 6–7)
 Junior High/Middle School
 High School
o Grade 12+ (ages 18–21) (Ontario only)b
 Tertiary education
o College: In Canada, the term college usually refers to a community college or a technical, applied arts, or
applied science school. These are post-secondary institutions granting certificates, diplomas, associates
degree, and bachelor's degrees.
o University: A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic
degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is a corporation that provides both undergraduate
education and postgraduate education.
o Graduate school: A graduate school is a school that awards advanced academic certificates, diplomas
and degrees (i.e. master's degree, Ph.D.)
Quebec
 Pre-school ((French):préscolaire); under 5
 Kindergarten ((French):maternelle); 5-6
 Grade School ((French):école primaire, literally Primary school, equivalent to Elementary School)
o Grade 1; 6-7
o Grade 2; 7-8

o Grade 3; 8-9
o Grade 4; 9-10
o Grade 5; 10-11
o Grade 6; 11-12
 High School ((French): école secondaire, literally Secondary school)grade names
o Grade 7/Secondary 1; 12-13
 College
o Pre-university program, two years (typically Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, or Arts)
o Professional program, three years (e.g. Paralegal, Dental Hygienist, Nursing, etc.)
 University (Usually requires a College degree (DCS (French):'DEC) or equivalent)
o Undergraduate
 Three years for most programs (or four years for Engineering, Education, Medical, and Law)
leading to a Bachelor's degree. Non-Quebec students require an extra year to complete the
same degree because of the extra year in college.
o Graduate (or postgraduate)
 One or two years leading to a Master's degree.
 three or more years leading to a Doctoral degree.
English schools in Quebec have the same grade system as French schools, but with English names. For
example, "elementary school" is not called "école primaire" in an English school, but has the same grading
system.
Grade structure by province
The following table shows how grades are organized in various provinces. Often, there will be exceptions
within each province, both with terminology for groups, and which grades apply to each group.
Alberta
(source[dead link]
)
Elementary Junior High Senior High
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
British
Columbia
(source)[not in
citation given]
Primary Middle Secondary
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Manitoba[50]
Early Years Middle Years Senior Years
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
New Brunswick
(source)
Elementary Middle School High School
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Newfoundland
and Labrador
(source)
Primary Elementary Junior High Senior High
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Level I Level II Level III
Northwest
Territories
(source)
Primary Intermediate Junior Secondary Senior Secondary
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Nova Scotia
(source)
Elementary Junior High Senior High
Primary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ontario[51]
Elementary Secondary
Junior
Kindergarten
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
PEI
(source)
Elementary
Intermediate
School
Senior High
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Quebec
Primary School Secondary School College
Garderie Maternelle 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sec I Sec II Sec III Sec IV Sec V first second third
Saskatchewan
(source)
Elementary
Level
Middle Level Secondary Level
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Yukon
(source)
Elementary Junior Secondary
Senior
Secondary
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Notes:
 In British Columbia some schools may group together the higher Elementary and lower Secondary Grades. These
schools are referred to as Middle Schools or Jr. Secondary Schools. Some Elementary Schools consist solely of
grades K-5. Likewise, some Secondary Schools may only have grades 11 and 12. In addition, some school districts
may use just elementary (K-7) and secondary (8-12) schools. British Columbia informally subcategorizes the
Elementary level into "Primary" (K-3) and "Intermediate" (4-6 or 7).
 In Ontario, the terms used in French schooling consist of Maternelle in regards to Junior Kindergarten,
Kindergarten is then referred to as Jardin. This differs from Quebec's Maternelle which is the equivalent of
Ontario's Kindergarten.
 In Manitoba, grade-9 - grade 12 was for a short time referred to as Senior 1-Senior 4;
 In Nova Scotia the terms for groups, and grades they apply to varies significantly throughout the province. A
common, but not universal, organization is shown.

 In Quebec college is two or three years, depending on what a student selects, based usually on what their post-
secondary plans are. College in Quebec overlaps what other provinces consider the boundary between
secondary education (high school) and post-secondary education (college and university). "Sec I" = "Secondary
Year One" = "Grade 7"
 In Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, schools are now set up as elementary schools with grades K-5, middle
schools with grades 6-8, and high schools with grades 9-12. However, high school graduation requirements only
include courses taken in grades 10-12.
Education System in Ghana
Grade
From
Grade
To
Age
From
Age
To
Years Notes
Primary Primary School 6 Ghana operates on a 6-3-4-4 System
Middle Junior High School 3
Basic Education Certificate
Examination (BECE) at the end of JHS
Secondary Senior High School 4
Admission to Senior High School is
competitive. West African Senior
Secondary Certificate Examination, or
WASSCE, (SSCE through 2005;
WASSCE beginning in 2006) at the
end of the Senior High School.
Examinations are given nationwide in
May-June each year.
Tertiary
First Level-
Diplomas/Certificates
2 Diplomas/Certificates
Tertiary
First Level- Higher
National Diploma
Teacher/Nursing
Training
3
Higher National Diploma
Teacher/Nursing Training
Tertiary
Undergraduate
Education
4
Seven public universities and twenty-
one private institutions are also
accredited by the National
Accreditation Board
(www.nab.gov.gh) to award Bachelor’s
degrees. Over 20,000 Ghanaian
students apply to the universities in the
USA every year.
Tertiary
Graduate Education_
Master's Diploma (1 to 2
years)
2 Master's Diploma (1 to 2 years)
Tertiary
Graduate Education_
Ph.D., 2 or more years
2 Ph.D., 2 or more years

Primary Education
Life sometimes goes at a leisurely pace in Africa, and school education can take up to 20 years to complete. For
this reason is it fortunate that it is free unless more fortunate parents enroll their kids at private schools. Around
age six or children enter primary school to complete their first 6 grades.
Middle Education
Junior high school occupies them for the next three years. Subjects forming their curriculum include a Ghanaian
language, basic designing and technology, english, french, information technology, integrated science, maths,
social studies and moral education. Unfortunately private junior high schools are better endowed and provide
better educated scholars.
Secondary Education
A successful pass admits students to senior high school where surprisingly enough most institutions are state
owned. The compulsory 3 year program includes english, maths, science, social studies and physical education.
In addition to that, they also elect to specialize in agriculture, business, general arts, or science.
Recent changes to vocational training programs are designed to ensure that from age 16 onwards students are
given opportunities to train in various professions. New schools are being built and additional courses rolled
out.
Tertiary Education
Post-secondary education in Ghana commonly takes 4 years
tocomplete. The best students continue with nominally free education at a state university while others have to
pay for education at a private one. A range of post-graduate study is available too.
The University of Ghana was established in 1948 by the colonial authority as the University College of the Gold
Coast. There students study for traditional degrees as well as technology-based training and vocational courses

.
Education System in South Korea
Grade
From
Grade
To
Age
From
Age
To
Years Notes
Primary
Elementary School -
초등학교, chodeung
haggyo
1 6 8 13 6
Middle
Middle school - 중학교,
jung hakgyo
1 3 13 15 3
Correspond to U.S. grades 7-
9, England grades 3 - 5
Secondary
High School Level -
고등학교, godeung haggyo
1 3 16 18 3
Vocational Vocational High School 2 3 17 18 2 last 2 years of high school
Vocational Junior Vocational Colleges 2
Tertiary Bachelor's 4 130 -140 credits
Tertiary Master's 2 24 credits
Tertiary Doctorate 3
60 credits including 24 credits
earned in Master's program
Primary Education
Kindergarten is optional in South Korea and most parents prefer to keep their little ones at home as long as
possible. However, at age 6 their child must move on to 6 years compulsory chodeung-hakgyo elementary
education. There they learn subjects like English, Fine Arts, Korean, Maths, Moral Education, Music, Physical
Education, Practical Arts, Science and Social Studies, usually all presented by a single teacher. Some parents
send their children to private hagwon schools after hours, where English may be better taught.
Middle Education
Places in secondary schools are awarded by lottery and everybody gets an equal chance. The transition to 3
years of middle school can be difficult because studies are taken far more seriously. Discipline is stricter too
with uniforms, haircuts and punctuality strictly enforced. This time though, specialist teachers move between
classrooms teaching core subjects, including English, Korean, Maths, as well Social Science and Pure Science.
Optional programs include Art, Ethics, History, Home Economics, Music, Physical Education, Technology, and
Hanja Chinese Characters.
Secondary Education
The final 3 years of school education take place at high schools. These may specialize according to subjects
taught (e.g. Science versus Languages), or present more general academic curriculae. Some are state owned and
some are privately run. The quality of their results is legendary. Standards are high.

Approximately 25% of middle school graduates prefer to go on to vocational schools where they are taught
skills in 5 fields including Agriculture, Commerce, Fishery, Home Economics and Technology. The 1st of 3
grades follows a common program, where after students specialize.
Tertiary Education
The greater majority of Korean high school students write a college scholastic ability test with a view to
studying further. Standards are high and some students start preparing as early as in kindergarten years. The 5
sections of the test investigate knowledge of English, Korean and Maths, and also elective subjects such as
Social Sciences, Physical Sciences and the Humanities.
At university, students encounter unfamiliar standards of excellence and whole families become involved in
helping them to pass. At examination times, businesses even open for shorter hours in recognition of this fact. A
student who passes though, has a qualification that meets top international standards, and of which he or she
may be justifiably proud. Korea - living proof of the power of a knowledge-based economy.
Education System in Malaysia
Education School/Level Grade From Grade To Age From Age To Years Notes
Primary Primary Year 1 to Year 6 1 6 7 12 6
Middle Level One - Tahap Satu 1 3 13 15 3
Secondary Level Two - Tahap Dua 4 6 16 17 2
Vocational Vocational
Tertiary Tertiary
Primary Education
Only primary school education is compulsory in Malaysia, where multilingual public schools, private schools
and home educators co-exist side by side. Following unregulated preschool education a child enters primary
school at age 7 for a period of 6 years. Following schooling in the community language of their choice they
must sit for their primary school achievement test in order to qualify to study further.
Secondary Education
There is no identified middle school period although secondary education is divided into 2 phases. Following
the first 3 years of general education students write for their lower certificate of education. Thereafter they enter
either the arts or the science stream according to personal choice and teacher advice for 2 years. Once in that
stream though, switching opportunities are limited. Following this latter period, they may complete 6th form, or
study for a further 2 years for matriculation exemption.

The department of skills development oversees the establishment and operation of all public and private training
institutions. It has developed almost 1,000 standards for certificate, diploma and advanced diploma training, and
is rolling more out in approximately 20 identified key areas.
Tertiary Education
Controversy continues to surround heavily subsidized Malaysian tertiary education because of tight quotas that
protect the racial majority. Some progress has been made in the direction of a greater meritocracy though, and
in the interim disadvantaged students have the opportunity of enrolling at private or foreign branch universities.
The University of Malaya, which evolved from the Federated Malay States Government Medical School
founded in 1905 is the oldest functioning tertiary institution in the country. Academic staff exceed 2,500 based
at 3 campuses.

Education system in the philippines

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (10)

Similar to Education system in the philippines

Similar to Education system in the philippines (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Education system in the philippines