4. Intent
• The intent of this criterion is to ensure that the site complies with the relevant
master plan/local development plans and guidelines.
• This makes sure that the necessary compliance requirements for the building
projects, along with the applicable building regulatory requirements are
adhered to.
• Additionally, it emphasizes on enhancing natural biodiversity through
preservation and plantation of native vegetation.
• This criterion further intends to assess proximity to different nodal transport
and amenities to manage last mile connectivity as well as reduce dependence
on personal motorized vehicles.
• It also incentivizes land use optimization which a pressing concern in densely
populated urban areas.
5. • Ensure that the site plan is in conformity with the development plan/master plan/
Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI)
guidelines.
• This should comply with the provisions of eco-sensitive zone regulations, coastal
zone regulations, heritage areas (identified in the master plan or issued separately as
specific guidelines), water body zones (in such zones, no construction is permitted in
the water-spread and buffer belt of minimum 30 m around the FTL), various hazard-
prone area regulations, and others if the site falls under any such area.
• Further, any other relevant legal approval pertaining to the project for clearance from
the necessary government authority has to be compliant.
- Mandatory
Appraisal - 1.1.1
6. Pre-Sanction stage Approval from Heritage Conservation Committee Building permit stage
Approvals from local body/development
authority
Approval from Railway Authority/Port
Trust/Defence
Approval from local body/development
authority
Land-use plan approval Approval from road-owning agency (MCGM,
PWD, NHAI)
Approval from power distributing/supply agency
Approval for change in land use Approval from Traffic and Coordination
Department (Municipal)
Approval from water supply agency
NOC for construction/augmentation Approval from the chief fire officer/Fire NOC Approval from storm water/drainage/sewerage
department
Relaxation in respect of density/ground
coverage/FAR/ setbacks/height
Approval from the chief controller of explosives Construction stage
Approval from the Airport Authority of India Approval from the chief inspector of factories Approval from Central Ground Water Authority
NOC (legal document) is required for height
clearance (from Airports Authority of India)
Environmental clearance from the Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Intimation to location authority
NOC from a coastal zone management authority Approval from Heritage Conservation
Committee/ Appropriate Authority
Plinth level notice
Sanction stage Approval from the Survey and Valuation
Department
Completion stage
Local body approval Approval from the Central Vista Committee Completion-cum-occupancy certificate from
local body
Approval from National Monument Authority/
Archaeological Survey of India
Approval from either DMRC or its equivalent Approval/NOC required from the lift inspector
Approval from Tree Authority
Committee/Forest Committee
Approval from either DUAC or its equivalent
The list mentioned above is exhaustive and projects must submit all the documents which are relevant to the site.
7. Compliance Documents
1.2.1
Submit all relevant approvals, sanctions, and clearances to demonstrate conformity to local development
plans/master plan to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.1.
9. Demonstrate that the project team implements tree preservation measures as per the
alternatives mentioned below:
Alternative 1: Ensure that no existing mature tree on-site is cut.
Alternative 2: Transplant existing mature trees (if required) within the site and ensure
that they survive. Unsuccessful transplantation attempts will not be counted.
Alternative 3: Plant three trees for every one tree cut of the same native/naturalized
species.
Alternative 4: Adopt any combination of the previously mentioned alternatives.
Note: Only native/naturalized species should be planted. Potted plants cannot be used to demonstrate
compliance with Appraisal 1.1.2.
Appraisal - 1.1.2 - Mandatory
10. Applicability Check:
If there are no existing mature trees on-site, the project is exempted from
Appraisal 1.1.2.
To exempt the project from Appraisal 1.1.2, please submit the following:
• Site survey plan along with Google Earth images of the site over a span of the
last 10 years.
Appraisal - 1.1.2 contd…
11. A Site area (sq m) 5,000
B Are there any existing mature trees on site YES
C
Number of existing mature trees on site prior to
construction
20
D
Number of existing mature trees preserved on
site
20
E Number of existing mature trees cut on site 5
F
Number of new trees planted of native/
naturalized species (in the ratio of 1:3)
15
G
Number of trees transplanted successfully on
site
10
H Number of trees as per GRIHA requirement 30
I
Total number of trees preserved using a
combination of strategies
45
J
Does the project meet the GRIHA tree
preservation threshold (Mandatory)
YES
Fed by Client
= (C - E)+(E * 3)
= (D + F + G)
= (YES if I > H)
From Project
Summary sheet
Online Calculator of new and existing trees
12. Ensure that a minimum of one tree for every 80 m2 of land/site area (within GRIHA project
boundary) is planted and maintained in order to increase vegetation on-site. The existing
preserved mature trees within the site premises should be considered in the calculation.
Appraisal - 1.1.3 - 2 Points
13. From Project Summary
sheet
A Site area (sq m) 5,000
B
Number of new trees planted of native/
naturalized species
45
C
Number of trees as per GRIHA
requirement
~ 63
D
Does the project meet the GRIHA tree
plantation threshold
NO
E Points awarded -
From Appraisal 1.1.2
= A / 80
= YES if B > C
= 1 if D = YES
Online Calculator of number of trees
14. Compliance documents for
appraisals 1.1.2 and 1.1.3
1.2.3
1.2.4
Submit letter from local governing body permitting cutting of trees on site
Submit purchase orders highlighting full quantities of new plantation to demonstrate compliance with
Appraisals 1.1.2 and 1.1.3
1.2.5
Submit calculations for the number of new and existed preserved trees on the GRIHA online portal to
demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.3.
1.2.2
Submit a site survey plan and a landscape plan (.dwg format) with legends mentioning species and
highlighting (in different colour coding/layer) the existing trees that have been transplanted, cut, and/or
preserved/protected as well as new plantation to demonstrate compliance with Appraisals 1.1.2 and 1.1.3
18. Ensure that per-capita gross area threshold is maintained as prescribed in the table
below for optimum land utilization.
Healthcare
Facility
(per bed)
Hospitality Institutional Office Residential Retail Transit
Terminal
Min. 100 35 4 5 12.5 3 0.6
Max - 60 8 10 50 6 1.5
Note:
• Gross area includes all circulation areas, service areas, toilets, etc., but excludes basement and parking areas
within the site premises.
• The building occupancy is assumed to be at full design capacity and should include floating population as per
building typology.
Appraisal - 1.1.4 - 1 Point
19. Building Typology Habitable areas Circulation areas Toilets/washrooms
Healthcare Facility
(per bed)
Consultation and treatment rooms including all
departments, wards, labs and pharmacies.
All corridors, lift lobbies,
holding and waiting areas.
All including those in
waiting and holding areas.
Hospitality Guest rooms, recreation areas excluding
restaurants and dining spaces.
Reception areas, lobbies
and corridors
All including toilets and
common areas
Institutional All vocational areas including classrooms, libraries,
assembly areas and excluding recreational, fitness
and, lab areas, etc.,
All corridors, lift lobbies
and waiting areas
Office All habitable areas such as cubicles, conference/
meeting rooms, VC rooms etc and excluding pantry,
storage rooms etc.
All Reception, corridors,
lift lobbies, and waiting
areas
All including toilets in
waiting areas
Residential All habitable spaces excluding kitchen, pantry and
storage spaces
All Reception, corridors,
lift lobbies, and waiting
areas
All including toilets in
common areas
Retail All retail shops excluding temporary shops/ pop-up
stores and excluding dining/ restaurant areas,
Cinema halls
All circulation corridors
and lift lobbies, and
waiting areas
All including toilets in
common areas
Transit Terminal All habitable areas including congregation, retail,
F&B, ticketing, security areas etc.
All circulation corridors
and lift lobbies
All including toilets in
common areas
Note: Storage areas, service areas, AHUs, balconies and terraces to be excluded from the calculation
20. Note: The gross area per capita of building occupancy is a more human centric approach which encapsulates the need for
space and land optimization based on building function and occupancy data.
• Maintains the ratio of open space to built space
• Maintains the skyline of the city
• Ensures a good development of the project
Benefits of FSI
• Poor predictor of physical form
• With less F.S.I values, implementation of the
practice of accommodating the ever increasing
population suffers
Limitations of FSI
There are different measures to optimize land use, some of which are firmly integrated
into the sanction and approval processes in India such as Floor Space Index (FSI) or
Floor Area Ratio (FAR).
Appraisal - 1.1.4 contd…
21. Calculations
Building
name
Building
typology
Building
occupancy (A)
Total habitable
built up area (B)
Per Capita
Built-up area
(sq.m.) (C) Min Max
Does the building meet
the GRIHA threshold?
Building B Hospitality 110.25 5000 45.4 35 60 YES
Building C Retail 600 3000 5.0 3 6 YES
Building D
Healthcare
facility 8400 5000 0.6 100 - NO
Building E Institutional 705 5000 7.1 4 8 YES
Building F Offices 2100 5000 2.4 5 10 NO
Building G Transit terminal 765 5000 6.5 0.6 1.5 NO
Building H Mixed Use 11500 5000 0.4 4 8 NO
Points attained under
Appraisal 1.1.4
Not met
From project summary sheet
Fed by
client
B/A
= YES if C is
within GRIHA
thresholds
GRIHA
thresholds
= 1 (point) if all the buildings meet GRIHA
thresholds
22. 1.2.7
Submit floor plans (in .dwg format) and area calculations indicating habitable areas considered for per
capita gross area calculation to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.4.
1.2.6 Submit occupancy calculations on the GRIHA online portal to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal
1.1.4.
Compliance Documents
24. Appraisal - 1.1.5
Ensure that the average distance of at least 5 basic public amenities/services as per the
building typology (defined on the next slides) from the main entrance of the project, is
less than the GRIHA base case as per the table below.
Note:
• Radial distances are not acceptable, walking distance has to be calculated.
• GRIHA base case has been predefined in the Proximity to Amenities calculator (600m for all amenities)
Thresholds for average distance of basic services from the main entrance of
the project
Reduction from base case (x) Points
10% ≤ x < 25% 1
x ≥ 25% 2
- 2 Points
25. Amenities
Building typology
Healthcare
facility
Hospitality Institutional Office Residential Retail
Transit
terminal
Health care
facility
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Education ✓ ✓
Socio-cultural ✓ ✓
Distribution ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Sports and
recreation
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Public transit ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Banking
facilities
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Religious
facilities
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Public service
offices
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Appraisal - 1.1.5 cont.…
26. Appraisal - 1.1.5 cont.…
Categories of
amenities/services
Sub-categories of amenities/services
Health care facility Pharmacy, dispensary, general hospital, other health care facility, old age home,
orphanage/children’s centre, crèche, day-care centre, etc.
Education Pre-primary school, primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college,
school for the differently abled, vocational training centre, university, technical education
centre, polytechnic college, etc.
Socio-cultural Anganwadi, community centre, exhibition-cum-fair ground, auditorium, music, dance and
drama centre/meditation and spiritual centre, movie theatre, etc.
Distribution LPG warehouse including booking office, permanent milk and fruit and vegetable booth,
general/grocery stores, fuel filling and service station, food courts, restaurants, pharmacy
etc.
Sports and recreation Community recreational club, parks/playgrounds, sports/fitness centre, etc.
Public transit Bus stands, metro station, other public transit stations
Banking facilities ATMs, banks, etc.
Religious facilities Church, mosque, temple, sanctorum, etc.
Public service offices Post office, telephone exchange, fire station, disaster management station, public library,
social welfare centre, public grievance centre, etc.
27. 1.2.9
Submit calculations for average distance travelled to basic amenities on the GRIHA online portal to
demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.5.
1.2.8
Submit Google Map images highlighting the walking distances to each basic amenity from the main
entrance of the project along with date-stamped photographs of services/amenities as marked in the
Google Map images to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.5.
Compliance Documents
29. Online Calculator of average distance traveled
Facilities Services
Distance from
project site (m) Remarks
Healthcare Pharmacy -
Enter value only if NONE of the buildings are a
Healthcare facility.
Education Primary school 500
Enter value only if NONE of the buildings are a
Healthcare, Institutional,Transit terminal, Office
or a Retail facilty.
Socio Cultural Community centre -
Enter value only if NONE of the buildings are a
Healthcare, Institutional,Transit terminal, Office
or a Retail facilty.
Distribution
Permanent Milk, Fruit &
Vegetable Booth -
Enter value only if NONE of the buildings are a
Retail facility.
Sports & Recreation Parks/ Play-grounds -
Enter value only if NONE of the buildings are a
Hospitality or a Retail facility.
Public transit Metro station -
Informal Transport Stand E-rickshaw 250
Banking Facilities ATMs -
Religious Facilities Sanctoriums 500
Public service Offices Public Library 500
Additional Amenities -
Reduction from base case 38
Points awarded NA
30. Appraisal - 1.1.6
Adopt any one measure from the list, as given below, to promote sustainable transportation within
the site premises.
• Provide at least four designated number of parking spaces for informal modes of transport within
the site premises.
• NMT/ E-vehicle facility:
o Part A - Provide Non-motorised transport (NMT )1 vehicle facility with at least 5% of the total
4-wheeler parking space designated to them on site along with charging facility for E-
vehicles2 and adequate signage.
o Part B - Additionally , provide designated vehicular tracks for NMT and E-vehicles3.
• Provide bicycle users with at least 5% of the total 4-wheeler parking space designated to them
along with changing rooms, showers, lockers within the site premises with adequate signage.
Note:
1 NMTs refers to manually operated small-wheeled transport (skates, skateboards, push scooters and hand carts) and
wheelchair travel.
2 E-vehicles here refer to electric cars, scooters, electric ride-able and personal light electric vehicle such as electric
skateboards, kick scooters, self-balancing unicycles and Segway.
3 Designated vehicular tracks for NMT vehicles are required only for sites with an area > 50,000 sq.m
- 1 Point
31. Calculation for sustainable mode of transport
Site area 30000
Which strategy is the project team opting for
Informal transport
parking provision
Number of motorized 2- wheeler parking within project site 10
Number of 4- wheeler parking within project site 20
Area of each 4- wheeler parking (sq m) 12.5
Total area provided for 4-wheeler parking (sq.m) 250
Strategy 1 Number of informal transport parking within project site 0
Strategy 2
Number of NMT/ E-vehicle parking and charging facility
within project site 5
Total area of NMT/ E-vehicle parking (sq m) 20
Designated vehicular tracks provided for NMT/ E-vehicles
(only for site area> 50,000 sq m) YES
Strategy 3
Number of Bicycle parking within project site 20
Total area of bicycle parking (sq m) 28.8
Changing room, shower, locker facilities provided on site for
bicycle users YES
Points awarded 1
From project summary sheet
Fed by
client
= 1 (point) if the project meets GRIHA
thresholds
Select from dropdown list
32. Compliance Documents
1.2.11
Submit date-stamped photographs of sustainable modes of transport provided on site to demonstrate compliance
with Appraisal 1.1.6.
1.2.10 Submit calculations for percentage of sustainable modes of transport provided on site to demonstrate compliance
with Appraisal 1.1.6
1.2.13
In case of NMT vehicles, submit the calculation for percentage of parking space designated for NMT on site to
demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.6.
1.2.12
In case of informal mode of transport, submit a site plan (.dwg format) highlighting the location of designated
parking spaces provided within the site premises to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.6.
33. Compliance Documents
1.2.15 Submit a site plan (.dwg format) highlighting dedicated vehicular tracks for NMT on site to demonstrate compliance
with Appraisal 1.1.6, Strategy 2, Part B.
1.2.14 Submit a site plan (.dwg format) highlighting the location of designated parking spaces provided and charging
points for E-vehicles to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal 1.1.6, Strategy 2, Part A.
1.2.16
In case bicycle usage is promoted on site, submit the building floor plans (.dwg format) highlighting changing spaces,
showers, and lockers for bicycle users within the project premises. Also, submit a site plan (.dwg format) highlighting
the location of designated parking spaces provided for the bicycle users to demonstrate compliance with Appraisal
1.1.6
37. Sample Documentation
Site plan highlighting
the location of
designated parking
spaces and
Building floor plans
highlighting changing
spaces, showers,
lockers for bicycle
users within the
project premises
39. Intent
The intent of this criterion is to promote design strategies that enable the project
to factor in ways by which natural site features (topographical/microclimatic) can
be protected and/or incorporated into the project design.
40. Demonstrate reduction in environmental impact by adoption of various low- impact
planning and design strategies as per Table 1.4. Different strategies are listed for
reference under Section 2.3 -Details to Appraisals.
Appraisal - 2.1.1
Number of strategies adopted Points
2 (with at least 1 passive strategy) 1
3 (with at least 2 passive strategies) 3
5 (with at least 3 passive strategies) 5
- 5 Points
41. Overview of Appraisal
• Orientation and design of windows
• Internal zoning/layout of the floor plate
• Access for Solar PV installation
Solar
design
strategies
• Cross ventilation in naturally
ventilated/mixed-mode ventilation spaces
• Provision of courtyard
Wind
design
strategies
• Vegetative cover to control glare
• Light Shelf
• Glass covered Atrium
Daylighting
strategies
42. Overview of Appraisal
• Site planning according to contours
• Undisturbed areas on site
• Cavity Wall
• Earth Berming
• Passive evaporative cooling structure like rooftop ponds, green roof
• Air Lock to prevent heat loss
Site
Preservation
and
other
strategies
• Earth Air Tunnel
• (Active) Evaporative cooling
• Desiccant cooling system
• Solar air conditioning
• Tri-generation (waste-to-heat)
• Radiant cooling system
• Ground source heat pump (GSHP)
Active
strategies
43. Strategy: Control annual Heat Gain through orientation and design of windows
Intent:
Orientation of fenestration and annual solar movement dictate the solar heat ingress in a building.
Through climate responsive design the amount of insolation entering regularly in occupied spaces
may be optimized in order to reduce energy consumption for heating or cooling.
Analysis / Calculation:
Submit analysis demonstrating that the heat gain through windows in design case is lesser than the
GRIHA base case in summer and greater in winter (in relevant climatic zones).
Formula: Insolation x Window area of specific orientation.
(In the base case, the total window area to be equally distributed on all orientations.)
Outcome:
Demonstrate compliance using insolation calculator for summer (April to September) and winter
(October to March) months. Windows should be located along the southern and northern facades
with adequate provision for shading to prevent heat gain. Well shaded windows on the southern
façade can enable passive heating in winter and shaded day lit spaces in summer.
Solar Design Strategy
44. Strategy: Courtyard (Only applicable for Naturally ventilated and mixed- mode spaces)
Introduction:
Courtyards have been incorporated for centuries in the design of traditional buildings in tropical
countries. Due to incident solar radiation in a courtyard, the air gets warmer and rises, powering
ventilation by creating an area of low pressure that draws in air through the surrounding habitable
spaces.
Analysis / Calculation:
Submit CFD analysis. Refer to APPENDIX 1B: FOR VENTILATION STUDIES for CFD Analysis
methodology and documentation requirements.
Demonstrate that thermal comfort is being achieved by ensuring wind speed compliance in
accordance with ‘Table 9 Desirable Wind Speeds (m/s) for Thermal Comfort Conditions (PART 8
BUILDING SERVICES — SECTION 1 LIGHTING AND NATURAL VENTILATION - NBC 2016)’.
Outcome:
Demonstrate that airflow in accordance with ventilation requirements are achieved in interior
spaces.
Wind Design Strategy
45. Strategy: Light shelf
Introduction:
Light shelves usually refer to horizontal surfaces mounted inside a building. These interior light
shelves divide windows between the viewable portion and the part that lets in additional natural light,
bouncing it upward and reflecting it off the ceiling to aid in deeper penetration of daylight in
habitable interior spaces
Analysis/calculation:
Submit plan, elevations, and sections in .dwg format to demonstrate the incorporation of light shelves
in the design. Ensure effectiveness using the following formula:
dext lightshelf ,max <= 1.5 × hclerestory
Outcome:
Demonstrate daylight enhancement through the addition of light shelves in the proposed design
exterior shelf interior shelf ceiling.
Daylight Strategy
46. Site preservation and other strategies
Strategy: Site planning according to contours. (Can be attempted by sites with contours slopes equal
to or greater than 1:4 to minimize cut and fill at site)
Introduction:
The key to minimizing construction costs on a contoured site involves reducing the volume of
earthworks required to level the site through cut and fill and optimizing the number of engineered
retaining walls required. This may be achieved by adopting a design at the initial stage that takes into
account the contours of the site. Although some cut and fill may be unavoidable, extensive alteration
of existing properties such as the natural drainage patterns of the site can be avoided by designing in
response to the existing site topographical features and minimizing the need for extensive excavation.
Analysis/calculation:
Submit design drawings, site management plans, and a narrative indicating how site responsive
designs have been adopted on a contoured site.
Outcome:
Demonstrate that site planning has been done with minimal disturbance to existing site contours
47. Site preservation and other strategies
Strategy: Passive evaporative cooling structure like such as rooftop ponds, and green roof, etc.
Introduction:
A rooftop pond stores water above the roof in order to insulate the building interiors. At night, the
exposed water surface loses a significant amount of heat by radiation to the night sky. Similarly, a
green or living roof is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted
over a waterproofing membrane. In addition to providing insulation and possibly providing habitats
for indigenous fauna, such roofs help to lower urban air temperatures and mitigate the heat island
effect.
Analysis/calculation:
Submit drawings indicating the inclusion of a green roof / rooftop pond in the building design. Submit
heat gain analysis to demonstrate the cooling effect of roof pond.
Outcome:
Demonstrate the design of an effective green roof / roof pond or similar element.
48. Introduction:
ASHRAE defines radiant systems as temperature-controlled
surfaces where 50% or more of the design heat transfer takes
place by thermal radiation. Radiant cooling systems work by
circulating chilled water through a network of polymer pipes
installed in floors, walls or ceilings, cooling these surfaces
and causing them to evenly absorb heat. Radiant cooling
works best when integrated with a downsized forced-air
system to meet the building’s fresh air requirements.
Analysis / Calculation:
Submit a design basis report, simulations and specifications
of the radiant cooling system indicating how thermal
comfort conditions are intended to be met.
Outcome:
Demonstrate the design of a radiant cooling system.
Active Design Strategy
49. Compliance Documents
2.2.2
Submit drawings/schematics (.dwg format) highlighting the integration of the low-impact design strategies
into the building design/site planning.
2.2.1
Submit analysis along with calculations/simulation reports with input and output files to demonstrate
compliance with low-impact design strategies as mentioned in Section 2.3, Details to appraisals of Volume
II.
2.2.3 Submit the narrative and date-stamped photographs of the strategies implemented
51. Intent
The intent of this criterion is to ensure incorporation of design strategies that will
aid in the reduction of UHIE.
52. Demonstrate the temperature reduction (in °C) from the GRIHA base case as per the
alternatives mentioned below. -2 Points
Alternative 1
Demonstrate temperature reduction in the predicted hourly average air temperature
(°C) from the GRIHA base case by performing calculations using GRIHA UHIE calculator
as per Following table.
Appraisal - 3.1.1
Reduction in Predicted Hourly Average Air
Temperature (°C)
Points
1.5°C ≤ base case 1
2.5°C ≤ base case 2
- 2 Points
53. Demonstrate the temperature reduction (in °C) from the GRIHA base case as per the
alternatives mentioned below. -2 Points
Alternative 2
Demonstrate that the difference in peak air temperature has been achieved through
dynamic UHIE simulation from the GRIHA base case as per Following table.
Appraisal - 3.1.1
Reduction in Predicted Hourly Average Air
Temperature (°C)
Points
1°C ≤ base case 1
2°C ≤ base case 2
- 2 Points
55. Alternative 1
Design Case
Input Data Output
Hourly Average Air temperature
on any reference day (⁰C) 24
Predicted Hourly
Average Air
Temperature (⁰C) 24.40
Daily Average Solar Radiation
(W/m2) 300
Hard paved area in % 50
Average height to building floor
area ratio 2
Total Wall surface area (m2) 25000
Green area 25.00
Sky view factor (between 0 to 1) 0.6
Average surface albedo (0-1) 0.5
Reduction in Peak Hourly
temperature from base case: 1.70
Fed by
client
Pre-fed
values
56. Alternative 1
Base Case (Backend)
Input Data Output
Hourly Average Air temperature
on any reference day (⁰C) From met. data
Predicted Hourly
Average Air
Temperature (⁰C)
Calculated on
GRIHA online
portal
Daily Average Solar Radiation
(W/m2) From met. data
* To be cross checked with submitted
documentation.
Hard paved area (with in 50m
radius) in %
As per site
conditions*
Average height to building floor
area ratio
As per site
conditions*
Total Wall surface area (m2)
As per site
conditions*
Green area %
As per site
conditions*
Sky view factor (between 0 to 1) Calculated*
Average surface albedo (0-1)
As per manufacturer
specifications*
57. Annual Hourly Average Air temperature on any reference day (⁰C): It is the average of hourly air temperature
taken for the reference day in any typical season. This average must be for the sunshine hours (for example,
morning 6:00 am to evening 6:00 pm) and must be taken for 21st March. For example, the ambient average
daytime temperature for Delhi is 24.6°C, Mumbai is 26.7°C, and Bengaluru is 27.3°C, etc.
Annual (daytime) average solar radiation (W/m2): The average of annual solar radiation for the location for the
daytime hours.
Hard paved area in percentage: This is the total percentage of hard paved area (building footprint as well as paved
area) in the GRIHA virtual boundary.
Average height-to-building area ratio: The average height-to-building area ratio represents the thermal mass in
the environment and it refers to the ratio of average of heights of all buildings (in the GRIHA virtual boundary) to
the total of the building footprint areas of all the buildings (in the GRIHA virtual boundary).
Total wall surface area (m2): This is the total wall surface area of all the buildings including both glazing and
opaque surfaces that fall in the GRIHA virtual boundary.
Green area: The green area refers to the green density in the area and is calculated by adding the canopy areas of
all the trees on site.
Albedo: Solar reflectance, or albedo, is the percentage of solar energy reflected by a surface. This value can lie
between 0-1 (a perfect black body will have an albedo of 0 and a perfect white body will have an albedo of 1.
Important Definitions
58. Sky view factor: SVF is the extent of sky observed from a point as a proportion of the total possible sky
hemisphere. Its value would vary between 0 and 1 based on the extent of sky visible at the point of observation,
1 being the sky is visible at the fullest extent and 0 being the least. Once we have the heights of the buildings
and the width of road, the SVF can be calculated using the formula given below.
SVF = cos (arctan (Height/W))
SVFs should be calculated for two directions that must be perpendicular to each other. The average of the two
should be considered for the calculation. In case of multiple buildings adjacent to the building of interest, the
closest building to be considered for SVF calculation. The average of all SVFs to be considered as input in the
calculator.
Sky View Factor
60. Alternative 1
SVF1 = cos (arctan(H/W) = cos{arctan[20 /41.4]} = 0.84
SVF2 = cos (arctan(H/W) = cos{arctan[30/20]} = 0.96
SVFavg= Average(SVF1+ SVF2) = 0.9
Sample Elevation
61. The following guidelines must be followed while using the GRIHA UHIE calculator:
• The analysis is to be carried out for 21st March.
• Green area of 0%, surface albedo of 1, and hard paved area of 100% can be considered in the
base case.
• All other parameters, i.e. hourly average air temperature on any reference day (°C), daily average
solar radiation (W/m²), average height-to-building ratio, total wall surface area (m²), and Sky
view factor (SVF) will remain the same in the base case and design case.
• SVF for stand-alone buildings with no surrounding buildings up to a radius of 100 m can be
assumed to be 1. All buildings in the immediate surroundings of the project within a 50 m radius
have to be considered in the calculation of SVF. The example, as shown earlier, can be referred
for the calculation.
• All buildings within the GRIHA virtual boundary have to be considered in the calculation of wall
area, SVF, albedo, and average height-to-building ratio.
• For projects with site area > 5000 m2, UHIE analysis has to be done for at least 3 areas of interest
on- site.
Alternative 1
62. Selection of areas of interest:
• For sites that are > 5000 sq m-
o The entire site area may be considered
OR
o Sub-sites, each of which include different
buildings scattered on site and
surrounding hard-paved and landscaped
area. Radius of each sub-site can be 50 sq m
• For sites that are > 5000 sq m-
o The entire site area may be considered
Alternative 1
63. Alternative 2: UHIE simulations
• The following guidelines must be followed while performing UHIE simulations:
• The analysis is to be carried out for 21st March, 9:00 am to 12:00 am (midnight); however, the
simulation results have to be shown for only 3:00 pm (daytime UHIE) and 9:00 pm (night time`
UHIE).
• Modelling has to be carried out for both the base case and the design case.
• Surface albedo of 1 and hard paved area of 100% can be considered in the base case. All other
parameters, that is, hourly average air temperature on any reference day (°C), daily average solar
radiation (W/m²), wind speed and direction, average height-to-building ratio, total wall surface
area (m²), and SVF will remain the same in the base case and the design case.
• All geographical terrain > 3 m height must be modelled in addition to any surrounding water
features.
• ‘Simple forcing’ can be used for the purpose of this simulation.
Alternative 2
65. Compliance Documents
3.2.2 Submit purchase orders reflecting full quantities of high SRI paints/tiles, solar panels, and so on.
3.2.1 Submit a site plan (.dwg format) with legends, mentioning the building heights and external surface finishes such as
soft paved/covered with high SRI paints/shaded by trees/vegetated pergolas/solar panels.
3.2.4 Upload date-stamped photographs with the description of the measures implemented within the site premises
3.2.3
Submit the technical specifications/brochures of high SRI paints/tiles, solar panels, and so on to demonstrate
compliance with Appraisal 3.1.1.
OR
Submit a valid GRIHA Product Catalogue certificate as applicable for the products used.
3.2.6 Submit a simulation report (along with input and output files) to demonstrate compliance with Alternative 2
3.2.5 Submit calculations using the GRIHA UHIE calculator to demonstrate compliance with Alternative 1.
