xxx

2. Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2
parts :
If-clause + Main Clause
Example :
If itrainstomorrow
,wewillnotcome.
If-clause Main Clause

3. Types :
 The order of the twoclauses is flexible, it’ s not
important.
But if the if- clause comes first, it must be followed
by a comma.
If it rains, I’ll stay at home
 There are 4 types of conditional sentences.
They are classified according to the degree of
probability that they express.
 Each type of conditional sentences uses different
tenses to show the difference in the degree of
probability.

4.  Zero Conditional: If /when + present tense ….. /
modal
Water boils if it reaches 100º



First Conditional: If/unless + present,….. Future
If I study, I ’llpass
Second Conditional: If + past, ……would +inf.
If I studied, I would pass
Third Conditional: If + past perfect ….. would have +
pp
If I had studied, I would have passed

5. Tense : Present tense in both clauses
If youheatwaterto100°C, itboils.
If youpouroilintowater,itfloats.
Example
:
Present Tense Present Tense

6. Use :
Talk about universal truth.
If you heat ice, it turns to water
To give commands
If you are tired, go to bed!
Inthis casethe verbinthemain clause isan
Imperative

7. Tense :
If-clause ~ Present Tense
Main Clause ~ Future Tense
Present Tense Future Tense
If Ifeelsicktomorrow
,Iwillnotgotoschool.
If itrains,thematchwillbecancelled.

8. Use :
To speak about possible or probable
future events.
If the weather is as sunny tomorrow as it was today,
we will go surfing.
To make promises or warnings
If you forget my birthday, I’ll never speak to you
again.
 Unless is used in negative conditionals
Unless we recycle more, we won’t have a better world.

9. Exercise One. First
Conditionals
1. If you __________________
_
(not come),
You ________________ (miss ) the show.
do not come
will miss
2. John __________________ (buy)a car if he
__________
_
__ (get) a job.
will buy
gets
3. Mary _____________
_
__(get) a toothache if
she____________
_
____ (eat) too many sweets.
will get
eats

10. Other connectors:
Type 1 : UNLESS
If you don’t phone John, he’ll get very angry.
Unless you phone John, he’ll get very angry.
Unless canreplaceIf
innegative
conditionals

11. Other connectors:
EVEN IF
I won’t go tothe party even if they beg me
IN CASE
Take an umbrella in case it rains

12.  Identifying conditionals
 First Conditional
 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
I. Choose the correct answer.
1 - If I drink tea in the morning, it makes me feel sick.
 Zero Conditional

13. 2 - I'll tell her if she comes.
 Second Conditional
 Zero Conditional
First Conditional

14. 6 - If you work hard enough, you may well pass.
 Zero Conditional
First Conditional


 Second Conditional
7 – Water boils if you heat it to a hundred degrees celsius.
 Zero Conditional
 First Conditional
 Second Conditional