1. International Indexed & Referred Research Journal, April, 2012. ISSN- 0975-3486, RNI-RAJBIL 2009/30097;VoL.III *ISSUE-31
Research Paper—History
Analytical Study of The Hindu and Muslim Conflicts
in Malegaon(1921-2001)
April, 2012 * Prof. Kudase Uddhav Kalu
* Dept. of History, M.S.G. College of Science, Arts & Comm. Malegaon Camp, Malegaon, Nashik.
Introduction only. After a detailed study of the social, economic,
Malegaon is one of the most vital taluka of Nashik religious and cultural conditions of the city, what are
district. It is called as the city of looms. It is a very big the factors leading to the conflicts between the Hindus
business centre. The main occupation of the muslims and Muslims is the specified subject and nature of the
is weaving. There are round about 25 to 30,000 looms research paper.
here. Even coloured sarees are woven in the looms Objectives:-
here. Malegaon is a big market place of hustle and 1) The political, social, economical, cultural, religious
bustle and therefore is has acquired a very important and educational History of Malegaon is neglected.
status in Maharashtra. The total population of This history has to be put forth the society is the objec-
Malegaon is more than 5 lakhs out of which 75% come tive. 2) To trace the basic reasons responsible for the
from Muslim community and the remaining 25% Hindu-Muslim conflicts. 3) To bring integration be-
comprise of Hindus. The people coming from other tween the Hindus and Muslims by making a compara-
religion are in minority. The population increase is tive study of the both to bring a control over the factors
seen mostly in the cities as compared to that of the leading to the diversion of both the communities is the
villages.Mostly the Hindu-Muslim religion people are objective kept forth. 4) The status of Malegaon is stig-
the residents of Malegaon. Very happily they stay to- matized at the National level. A businessman from
gether in the city. Between the period of 1921 to 2001 outside city does not dare to make any investments in
there were round about 32/33 times the riots have Malegaon city 5) To study to role of police department
taken place in Malegaon which has brought a commu- and Government.
nal bitterness between the Hindus and Muslims. Need of the study
Economic condition of Malegaon The point of view in selecting the subject "Ana-
Malegaon taluka of Nashik district has been lytical study of Hindu-Muslim conflicts in Malegaon
selected for the study. The Hindu-Muslim conflict is " means to somewhere bring forth openly the day by
confined upto Malegaon city only. Malegaon is well- day increasing valley between Hindus and Muslims.
known as the city of looms. The work of weaving is The riots between the two communities, the growing
carried out on a very large scale here and financial hatred between the two groups, the people responsible
settlement is seen here due to this occupation. Traders leading to such aggressive actions giving use to the
within and outside the country come to this city for insecurity in the city. The main aim kept in front while
purchasing sarees. Muslim workers from other states selecting the research topic is to find some solution in
have taken refuge in Malegaon in order to earn their order to reduce the growing hatred for each other be-
bread and butter. Life of many people in the city is tween the two groups. The second objective in select-
dependant on this occupation such as that of the law- ing this topic is to try to find out the factors responsible
yers, doctors, tailors, goldsmith etc. If the business is to bring about the division in the society, to objectively
at the pinnacle running at a full-fledged state then acquire the knowledge of those actively working fac-
everyone is happy and satisfied. This is the reality of tors and to find out the means to bringing a contact
the city. As Malegaon is the saree-centre of Maharashtra over them. I am trying to search for the anti-social
it is also well-known as one of the riot city of tendencies of the anti-social characters that cause this
Maharashtra. At the time of riots literally the factories conflict. Attitude of these Nihilists who think only of
and machines are set to fire. Arson is seen everywhere. their benefits by every time creating a conflicting situ-
Entire social life is devastated in a moment. Commer- ation between the two groups every year during the
cial and trade activities come to a standstill, which festivals. After every two or three years riots are held
gives use to unemployment. People suffer hand to mouth in the city. This conflicting situation always touches
leading to robbery because many of the people from me and so the researcher has selected this topic. Inse-
the city are coming from economically backward class. curity caused due to religious reasons has become a big
Their livelihood is totally dependant on these looms question at the worldly level. The Indian society very
RESEARCH AN ALYSI S AND EVALU ATION
1

2. International Indexed & Referred Research Journal, April, 2012. ISSN- 0975-3486, RNI-RAJBIL 2009/30097;VoL.III *ISSUE-31
easily states Malegaon city as mini Pakistan. This after idol of Lord Hanuman. 30)1998 - Hamid Jaffar threw
all is not correct. The insecurity caused due to commu- a stone during the Id-e-milad procession. 31)2001 -
nal riots and because of it the development that is at a Because the muslim community was distributing the
standstill of Malegaon city is a topic of study. Though printed urdu bulletin that was in their hands.
Malegaon is a topic subject of local history it is also Evaluation
related with the worldly affairs all over. The reason for social insecurity in Malegaon
Chronological order of Malegaon Riots city was religious sectarianism in the 19th century.
1) 1921 - Reference of Khilafat Movement 2) 1926 - Along with the rise of nationalism came ahead was
Based on the graveyard of Bohra Muslim Community sectarianism, too. It aroused a great danger to the na-
3) 1931 - Based on the killing of buffalo 4) 1932 - tional movement as well as the unity among Indians.
While the procession was passing through the Muslim Due to it break-up was seen in the social integration.
Masjid 5) 1933 - Tension had rose in relation to the The change took place to religious struggle. Fight
Shivjayanti procession to be taken through the Masjid started between the people in the society. It then took
6) 1934 - Due to the politics in the Municipal Corpo- the form of riots. Automatically insecurity developed
ration tension had developed in the city between the in the society meaning of sectarianism. Sectarianism
Hindus and Muslims 7) 1937 - The Hindu processions basically the way of thinking communal riots is one of
should not pass through the Masjid, therefore the the outcome of the way of thinking. If the people of one
panchas of Mominpura Masjid approached the court. group follow a particular religion then their social,
8) 1946 - Ganesh mandal procession was taken through political and economic relations are also the same.
the Masjid. 9) 1947 - On 23/08/1947 Pakistan Day This is the feeling of sectarianism Hindu -Muslim,
was celebrated in India 10) 1950 - Massacre of cows Sikh and Christians are all different groups in India.
had taken place 11) 1951 - Procession of Taboots 12) There is nothing such as Indian state. Only Hindu
1956 - Tension over Ganpati immersion 13) 1963 - state, Muslim state or various states are there and there-
Slogans were raised by Muslims during the procession fore India is a big group of all these various religious
of Ganseh visarjan 14) 1965 - Reading of National groups. This is way of thinking of sectarianism. An-
Anthem in the Central Cinema Hall 15) 1967 - Be- other idea included in sectarianism is that, the social,
cause the Muslim community had killed the cows 16) cultural, political and economic relationship of one
1975 - Over the piece of betel-nut 17)1979 - Smuggled religion is different than the relation of any other re-
clothes were been raided 18) 1989 - Servant was beaten ligion. Relationship of various religions, groups, dis-
as tea was offered late 19) 1982 - Muhammad harmony between each other, opposition among each
Paigambar's lesson should be deleted from the 8th Std. other and enemy, when all this is understood to take
History textbook 20) 1983 - Because the world cup was place, then it is the beginning of the third state of
won by the Indian Cricket Team 21) 1984 - War of sectarianism. In this state the secularism of Hindus
slogans took place between the Hindus-Muslims at the and Muslims cannot be the same. Therefore, sectarian
time of procession of Taboot 22) 1985 - Procession of confidently speaks that the secular relations between
Ganesh mandal had reached near the Masjid 23) 1986 such people is always opposite to each other.
- Ganesh visarjan and muharram had fallen on the There is no logic in the opinion that sectari-
same day. 24) 1984 - Instrument was played near the anism belongs to or is a part of medieval period or has
Masjid. 25) 1992 - Regarding the demolition of babri begun from the medieval period. Though religion in
Masjid. 26) 1994 - Protect of demolition of babri Masjid. the life of people may be religious fight amongst them-
27)1995 - Janata Dal leader Iqbal Pirjude (Boss) selves still before 1870 very rarely was Sectarianism or
created disturbance in the procession. sectarian politics realized. Sectarianism is recent event.
28) 1997 - Regarding the defamation of the statue of Its roots are seen in the Modern Colonialism and its
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. 29) 1998 - Defamation of social, economic and political structure.
R E F E R E N C E
printed in 1883. 6) Dr. Siddiki Ilias 2008, Peshwaitil Ek Pramukh Hira
1) Indian Express an elite- A town called Malegaon dtd. Wednesday Naroshankar Rajebahadar Aani History of Malegaon.7) Chinde S.G.
Sep/3, 2006. 2) B.Rajeshwari, 2004, Communal Riots in India a chro- 1998 Smarnika Malegaon publisher- Sadashive Govinda Chinde. 8)
nology1944-2003, Delhi Research papers. 3) Bipin Chandra, 1984, Irshad Ahmed Mohd. Islam, 2007, the study of grey cloth power loom
Communalism in Modern India, Delhi Vikas publishing house, pvt, industry in Malegaon. 9) Rizwan Akhtar Riyazuddin, 2007, the study
Ltd. 4) Mahajan V.D.2000, India since 1526, Delhi, S-Chand & Com- of color power loom industry in Malegaon. 10) Rahmani Shahab,
pany Limited. 5) Nashik District Gazatter, Mumbai -1945, originally 2007, Background of power loom industry in Malegaon.
2 RESEARCH AN ALYSI S AND EVALU ATION