Pharmacogenomics, Liposomes

1. PRESENTEDBY;
XENFORIANZ

2. Pharmacogenomics
“Medicine tailored to the individual”
•The Study of how genetic differences
influence variability in patients’ responses
to drugs.
•Personalized drugs.

3. ….GCCGTTGAC….
….GCCATTGAC….
….GCCATTGAC….
….GCCATTGAC….
SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM
DNA sequence variations that
occur when a single nucleotide
is altered.
If the base sequence in the
DNA of a gene differs it may
make a different protein which
may be responsible for a
particular reaction to a drug.

5. Modern devices
used in gene
analysis

6. MassARRAY™
Compact System
Affymetix SNP Chip
ABI 7900

7. GENEChip CYP450:
CYP2D6 & CYP2C19

8. 1.
2.
3.

9. Major Drugs Ineffective For Many
…and harmful to some

10. Do you know the allele for hyperlipoprotein
anemia will cause the Alzheimers disease ?
 65% of Alzheimer’s disease patients with
hyperlipoprotein anemia carry this allele in
their genome.
SOME INTRESTING FACTS

14. Benefits of pharmacogenomics

15. •New, more accurate diagnostic
tests
Predict a patient's response to
specific drugs based on his or her
genetic profile.
•Personalized drug therapies
–Match a patient with effective and safe medications based on
information from diagnostic tests.
•Personalized disease prevention strategies
–Developed using genetic tests that estimate a patient's risk of
getting a particular disease, combined with personalized drug
therapies.
•Drug development

16. STEM CELLS

17. Importance of Stem cell

19. Stem cell collection
“A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity”
Umblical cord stem cells are
collected at the moment the umbilical
cord between the mother and child is
cut.
Following birth, as we begin to grow,
the stem cell groups once found in the
umbilical cord blood start to change.
 Therefore, the time of birth is a one
time opportunity to harvest these unique
cells.
At birth the blood in the umbilical
cord is rich in blood-forming stem cells.

21. Gene therapy of brain cancer

22. MRI guided stereotactic implantation of
genetically modified herpes simplex virus in to
brain tumor

23. HSV
infect
tumor
cells(green
not normal
cells(blue)
Gancyclovir is given intravenously

24. Gancyclovir kills the Herpes simplexvirus infected cells

25. LIPOSOMES
 These are lipid bilayers surrounding an aqueous
vehicle.
 Can be used to introduce foreign DNA into a target
cell.
ADVANTAGES
 Safer when compared to Viral vectors.
 Can carry large DNA molecules.

29. Red Wine Chemical Could Let You Live to 150
•RESVERATROL, a compound found naturally
in red wine and other foods like berries and
peanuts.
•Now scientists are testing synthetic forms of
resveratrol on patients with an eye toward
extending life.
•Like calorie restriction and exercise — but
without weight loss — resveratrol speeds up a
target enzyme called SIRT1, which has the
potential to prevent disease and slow aging.