Throttling calorimeter

1. VISHWAKARMA GOVT. ENGINEERING
COLLEGE

2. • Name:- Trivedi Kishan Shaileshkumar
• Branch:- Power electronics
• Enrollment no:- 150170124056
• Subject:- EME
• Semester:- 2
• Division:- F
• Batch:- F3
• Topic:- Throttling Calorimeter

8. • Throttling Calorimeter:-
=> It consists of a narrow throat (Orifice). Pressure and temperature
are measured by pressure gauge and thermometer. The steam after
throttling process passes through the heat exchanger and condensate
is collected. Steam Generator is also provided to supply the
saturated steam (Max) at 2kg/cm2 pressure (max.).There is no need
of boiler or boiler connection.
PROCEEDURE:-
1. Cleaning the setup: Firstly clean the setup and fill your setup with
distilled water.
2. Temperature set: Set the temperature of steam generator up to 400
K.
3. Maintain the pressure: Now slowly open the needle valve, maintain
the constant gauge pressure.
4. Steady state is reached: When steady state is reached note the
pressure difference from manometer and Temperature after
throttling by thermometer.
5. Collecting the moisture: Collect the suspended moisture from the
separating and throttling calorimeter then Weigh it.
6. Now at last calculate the dryness factor by the given formulae.

9. Utilities Required:-
1. Water supply continuous for heat exchanger.
2. Space required: 1.0mx1.0 meter
3. Electricity supply: Single phase 220 V AC and 4 KW
4. Electronic balance say 1 kg
5. Steam table for calculation.
Dryness Factor:-
Term dryness factor refers to wet steam. It is defined as ration of mass
of dry steam actually present to the mass of wet steam, which contains
it.
Let in sample of wet steam
X=Wd/ (Wd+W)
Where
X= Dryness factor of sample,
Wd =Weigh of dry steam in kg
W=Weigh of water vapour in suspension
Throttling Calorimeter

10. => Steam passing out from a separating calorimeter may still contain
some vapours in it. In others words it may not absolutely dry. Again
in a throttling calorimeter steam after passing through throttle valve
must be superheated or at least dry saturated. This limits the extent
of dryness factor. It can be reliably measured, depend on the
pressure of the steam in the main steam pipe. If sample of steam
which may still wet after passing through the throttle valve i.e. it
will not be superheated. To overcome the difficulties we make use of
combined separating and throttling. First steam is passed through
separating calorimeter where it loses most part of the it’s moisture
and become comparatively drier. It is then passed through the
throttling calorimeter where superheating takes place without change
of total heat. The temperature and pressure of the steam after
throttling are measured by using a thermometer and manometer
separately.

11. • Description:-
The setup consist of throttling calorimeter. A steam generator is
provided at the base of apparatus. A digital temperature controller
provided to control the temperature inside the steam generator.
Steam from the generator passed from throttling calorimeter where
most of the water particle gets separated from steam and then passed
from separating calorimeter where most of the water particles gets
separated from steam and then passed to throttling calorimeter where
steam gets superheated. After that superheated steam passed through
exchanger to condense the steam. A manometer and thermometer are
connected with throttling calorimeter to measure the pressure and
temperature after throttling process.