slide 3 - theory given by Darwin,Dana and Daly - subsidence theory and glacial control theory - the land or island involved in the origin and growth of coral reefs is seldom stationary rather it undergoes gradual sub­sidence. Fringing reefs, barrier reefs and atolls are successive stages of the development of coral reefs. First of all coral polyps flock together along a suitable submarine platform and grow upward and ultimately reach sea­-level and fringing reef is formed.There is further subsidence of the land and the island is completely submerged under water and a ring of coral reef in the form of atoll is formed. Slide 5 - Hermatypic corals - building reefs by depositing hard calcareous materials . Order Scleractinia. Ahermatypic corals - non reef building corals.

1. Presented by:-
KIRTI PANDEY
M.Sc. Sem 1 (PAPER- 1)
(Department of Zoology)
CORAL
REEFS

2.  Introduction to coral reefs
 Kinds (corals)
 Types(coral reefs)
 Anatomy
 Threats and diseases
 Importance

3. Charles
Darwin
Dwight
Dana Reginald
Daly
3 D Theory – formation of corals
Corals are Animals – J. A. de Peysonell
(1753)

4. Distribution
• INDO-PACIFIC
• PACIFIC
• 5790 sq Km

5.  AHERMATYPIC
 HERMATYPIC
SOFT CORALS
HARD CORALS
GORGONIAN BLACK
CORAL
STONY
CORALBLUE CORAL

6. TYPES OF CORAL REEFS
• GULF OF
MANNAR
• GULF OF
KUTCH
• ANDAMAN
AND
NICOBAR
• LAKSHADWEE
P
• ANGARIA
BANK
(MAHARASHTRA)

7. ANATOMY
• POLYP
• EPIDERMIS
• GASTRODERMIS
(ZOOXANTHELLAE)
• MESOGLOEA

8. THREATS
• VOLCANO
• EARTHQUAKE
• BLEACHING
• POLLUTION
• FISHING
• BUILDING
• TOURISM
• PREDATORS
DISEASES
White band
disease
Yellow band
disease
Black band diseaseNecrotic lesionCoral bleaching

9. IMPORTANCE