A land bridge, in biogeography, is an isthmus or wider land connection between otherwise separate areas, over which animals and plants are able to cross and colonise new lands. A land bridge can be created by marine regression, in which sea levels fall, exposing shallow, previously submerged sections of continental shelf; or when new land is created by plate tectonics; or occasionally when the sea floor rises due to post-glacial rebound after an ice age.

1. LAND BRIDGE

2. A land bridge, in biogeography,
is an isthmus or wider land connection
between otherwise separate areas, over
which animals and plants are able to cross
and colonise new lands. A land bridge can be
created by marine regression, in which sea
levels fall, exposing shallow, previously
submerged sections of continental shelf; or
when new land is created by plate tectonics;
or occasionally when the sea �oor rises due
to post-glacial rebound after an ice age.
The Isthmus of
Panama is a land
bridge whose
appearance 3 million
years ago allowed the
Great American
Interchange.

3. The Bering land bridge, which intermittently connected
Asia with North America as sea levels rose and fell under
the effect of ice ages
Doggerland, a former landmass in the southern North Sea
which connected the island of Great Britain to mainland
Europe during the last ice age
The Isthmus of Panama, whose appearance three million
years ago allowed the Great American Interchange
The Sinai Peninsula, linking Africa and EurasiaAdam's
Bridge (known as Rama Setu), connecting India and Sri
Lanka
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4. LAND BRIDGE THEORY
In the 19th century a number of scientists noted puzzling geological and zoological
similarities between widely separated areas. To solve these problems, "whenever
geologists and paleontologists were at a loss to explain the obvious transoceanic
similarities of life that they deduced from the fossil records, they sharpened their
pencils and sketched land bridges between appropriate continents."[1] The concept
was �rst proposed by Jules Marcou in Lettres sur les roches du Jura et leur
distribution géographique dans les deux hémisphères ("Letters on the rocks of the
Jura [Mountains] and their geographic distribution in the two hemispheres"), 1857–
1860.[2]The hypothetical land bridges included these:[1]Archatlantis from the West
Indies to North AfricaArchhelenis from Brazil to South AfricaArchiboreis in the
North AtlanticArchigalenis from Central America through Hawaii to Northeast
AsiaArchinotis from South America to AntarcticaLemuria in the Indian
OceanMarsupials between South America and Australia.The concept became
obsolete with the gradual acceptance of continental drift and the development of
plate tectonics by the mid-20th century.

5. SOURCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_bridge