2. What is Text Structure?
How information in a ppaassssaaggee iiss oorrggaanniizzeedd
WWee wwiillll ssttuuddyy ssiixx ccoommmmoonn ppaatttteerrnnss::
CChhrroonnoollooggiiccaall
CCaauussee aanndd EEffffeecctt
CCoommppaarree aanndd CCoonnttrraasstt
PPrroobblleemm aanndd SSoolluuttiioonn
SSeeqquueennccee // PPrroocceessss
SSppaattiiaall // DDeessccrriippttiivvee
3. Information is organized iinn oorrddeerr ooff ttiimmee..
Chronological
CChhrroonnoo == ttiimmee LLooggiicc == oorrddeerr
EExxaammppllee
Jack and Jill ran
up the hill to fetch
a pail of water.
Jack fell down
and broke his
crown.
Jill came
tumbling
after.
ALL stories are told chronologically.
4. An action and its results aarree eexxppllaaiinneedd..
Cause and Effect
Cause Effect
Students did not learn
the material.
They performed
poorly on the test.
•Don’t confuse with chronological.
•Won’t have a beginning, middle, and end.
•Time won’t progress much.
5. Tells how two things are similar aanndd ddiiffffeerreenntt..
Compare and Contrast
Apples & Oranges
Alike Different
1. Both are fruits.
2. Both have skin.
1. People don’t eat
2 . Oorraannggee ss khianvse.
more juice.
6. A problem and aannsswweerr aarree ssuuggggeesstteedd..
Problem and Solution
Problem Solution
Require a license
to buy spray paint.
Property is being
spray painted.
•Don’t confuse with cause and effect.
•It is presented as a PROBLEM.
7. 4. Flip omelet.
Sequence / Process
Writing
Information iiss lliisstteedd sstteepp--bbyy--sstteepp..
EExxppllaaiinnss hhooww ttoo ddoo iitt oorr hhooww iitt hhaappppeennss..
3. Cook on
one side.
Don’t confuse with
chronological!
2. Add cheese.
1. Crack a
few eggs.
Does not occur at
a specific time.
8. Spatial / Descriptive
Writing
RRaacciiaall iiss ttoo rraaccee aass ssppaattiiaall iiss ttoo ssppaaccee..
DDeessccrriibbeess ssoommeetthhiinngg iinn oorrddeerr ooff ssppaaccee..
DDeessccrriibbeess hhooww ssoommeetthhiinngg llooookkss..
TTIIMMEE DDOOEESSNN’’TT PPAASSSS iinn tthheessee ppaassssaaggeess..
A closet by the TV
A bed in the middle.
A television across
from the bed.
Two windows on
the west Wall
My bedroom