Guillotine History

Guillotine History
"Mademoiselle Guillotine" During the course of the French Revolution, the persistent rebels finally
achieved their goal and overthrew the tyrannical monarchy. However, even after this initial struggle
came even greater bloodshed, for the rebels proved they could be just as brutal as their old
oppressors. Yet, this brutality would never have been as extreme as it was were it not for the
invention of the infamous guillotine. A dark machine designed for decapitation, it consists of a tall,
wooden frame in which a heavy, sharp blade is suspended. Through the use of rope, this blade could
be raised to its peak and then, upon releasing the rope, would be allowed to fall freely so that it
swiftly crashes down upon its victims' soft necks. While ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, as the moment of truth arrived and the first victim's face was shoved down into the lunette,
or, slot for one's head, the crowd would become silent. Then, as the blade rose and fell, they would
erupt in cheers and shouts of joy as blood slowly trickled onto the streets. Once the Reign of Terror
had passed and France, after years of turmoil, was finally beginning to enter a period of relative
calm, the guillotine's number of victims began to diminish, as did the number of people attending
public executions. Apparently, people could only see one lose his head so many times before
boredom set in. Additionally, more and more evidence was brought up that theorized that the
guillotine's deaths were not as painless as believed. After curiosity was sparked by the strange
movements of the eyes and mouth after decapitation occurred, some began to perform experiments
on recently decapitated victims. Later, it was determined that due to the clean slicing ability of the
guillotine's blade, many nerve cells remained undamaged. Therefore, it was possible to maintain
consciousness for a period of about seven seconds after decapitation before death results from blood
loss. This information deterred some from using the guillotine so frequently, however it continued to
be a major form of execution. Although many believe the guillotine to be a long–extinct weapon
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

When: The Guillotine In France
I Was There When...
I was there when the king and queen of France were decapitated by the guillotine. I was there. I
remember. The king was beheaded first, since he was marked with treason, and leaving his country.
The queen was to be beheaded next and she caused everything to go wrong in France. Marie
Antoinette was her name. She spent money on everything from clothing to drawings of hairstyles.
For those of you, I know don't remember, France was in debt, it was the time of the French
Revolution. The Enlightenment was all the rage. No violence, we were all supposed to be at
peace...So why was the guillotine here?
Well, France's "police force" as it were, was thinking of new punishments...in the humanist of ways.
The guillotine was humane as far as French standards.
Now, back to where I was. I, a beggar in the streets, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Next thing I know, there was criminals carriage, as it were in the streets. I noticed a woman in there,
and she looked very pale and was silent and her hair was gray and matted.
As she was carried, in French the other people shouted swears at her, it was terrible, I almost felt
sorry, as I do for most criminals, not that I agree with their wrong–doing, I just see it hurts them. I
then heard who she was, Queen Marie Antoinette.
For causing so much debt of France, she wasn't given the treatment her deceased husband was. She
was trialed as a criminal. The soldiers set her up on the slab as well, and as they pushed her through
underneath the blade, she never said one word, and all around were blaring out swears. I never said
one word. I hid. Soon after, or somewhere right in between the decapitation, there was this huge
thing about the great fear.
A very mean man caused as this to happen, the guillotine and the death, the blood, and the violence.
His name was Robespierre. And came to power why Marie Antoinette spent millions. He was
hoping to save France, but in reality, made it

Who Invented The Guillotine
The idea of the guillotine was first proposed on March 23, 1792 (Farcy et al.). The purpose of this
machine was for a quick and painless death. Many other propositions were made that included death
by suffocation and strangling (Farcy et al.). Although this tortuous device could be seen in various
places in France; it was never mass produced ("Guillotine"). Guillotines were crafter by local
carpenters with the assistance of a blacksmith for the blade ("Guillotine"). Dr. Joseph Ignace
Guillotin proposed this execution device by recognizing an older form of it called the mannaia,
which originated from Ireland ("Guillotine"). After much consideration, Tobias Schmidt build the
first working model of the guillotine ("Guillotine"). A guillotine

Guillotine In A Tale Of Two Cities Essay
Oppression was a highly protruding fact in the 19th century. One could even consider it a calamity.
It completely overwhelmed the way people in France lived. Various implements were executed in
order to "control" the people during this time period. Within those implements was the disastrous
mechanism known as the guillotine. A deadly instrument used for the decapitation of people. The
british author G.K Chesterton stated in one of his pieces of writing, " the guillotine is not the
calamity, but rather the solution of the calamity." Meaning that the guillotine was not the problem
but the solution to the problem: the oppression. In A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens we get a
viewpoint on the guillotine and its institutionalization during the French Revolution. The guillotine
in fact worsened the oppression or "calamity" reigned upon the people. It was not the solution to the
"calamity" . By taking on a life of its own and by brutally submerging the people in its power and
increasing their need to use it, it was only the calamity itself. Through Dickens' tone and use diction,
to characterize the guillotine, one is able to understand how the guillotine is brought to life and
maintained alive by the people's blood thirst to constantly use it. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This inanimate object became alive but in the most horrible of ways. In a way that it merged all
possible monsters that could be imagined. Through the author's tone during this especidic part in the
novel, Dickens would most likely not consider the guillotine to be that of being useful. The voice
within his words doesn't show any significant point of agreement with what the guillotine caused. It
is almost as if we catch a hint of the author actually being displeased when mentioning the
guillotine. This happens to contribute to Dickens thinking that the guillotine did not improve the

A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
A Tale of Two Cities has several recurring themes, including the failure of the French Revolution. In
the book, the peasants defeated the aristocrats by imprisoning and murdering them. Although many
of the imprisonments and executions were unjust, the peasants had gain complete power. The
peasants' revolution did not end the tyranny that existed with the aristocrats ruling, but created a new
tyranny with lack of justice and mercy.
Dickens uses the evil Monsieur the Marquis to represent the tyrannical French aristocracy. The
Marquis recklessly runs over and kills a peasant child. Dickens shows his lack of any sympathy and
mercy for the peasants at this scene by stating, "Monsieur the Marquis ran his eyes over them all, as
if they had been mere rats come out of their holes." He thinks of the peasants as nothing more than
rats as do the entire French aristocracy. However, the revolution does not result in any positive
change. After the peasants obtained power, they have the same lack of sympathy and mercy toward
the aristocracy or enemies of the Republic. In Lucie's conversation with the Wood–Sawyer, we see
he is no better than Monsieur the Marquis, as he takes joy in the execution of aristocrat children. "I
call myself the Samson of the firewood guillotine. See here again! Loo, loo, loo; Loo, loo, loo! And
off HER head comes! Now, a child. Tickle, tickle; Pickle, pickle! And off ITS head comes. All the
family!"
Dickens uses symbols and motifs to support his theme of

How Did The Reign Of Terror Impact Society
The Impact of the Reign of Terror
Many people believe that the Reign of Terror was just a bloody time where several citizens living in
France were executed for small crimes, but it actually had a profound impact on the society and
country as a whole. The Reign of Terror was a time where people who opposed the Committee of
Public Safety were being executed, usually by the guillotine. The Committee was led by a man
named Maximilien Robespierre who believed in a "republic of virtue" by cleansing France from the
supporters of the King. This period of chaos and bloodshed impacted society extremely, and it also
started wars and developed the government of France. Overall, this bloody period of the French
Revolution had an extreme societal and national impact. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the Reign of Terror, an extreme amount of innocent people died to the guillotine. Because
they were believed to be royalists and opposing the Committee or supporting King Louis XVI, these
countless, innocent individuals were publicly shamed as they were being carried to the guillotine by
a tumbrel. Since faultless people were being killed everyday, this sparked fear in the French people,
as anyone could be captured and killed by the Committee. At the end of the Reign of Terror, which
lasted for ten months, from September 5, 1793, to July 27, 1794, an estimated amount of 40,000
people were killed and executed by the guillotine. This shows that the Reign of Terror's brutality and
ruthlessness promoted fear in the French citizens because once the people realized that no one was
safe from the Committee and the guillotine, it overpowered their lives with trepidation. For having
thousands of innocent human beings executed for wrong reasons and thereby sparking fear
throughout the population, the Reign of Terror became the detriment to the French society in the

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Dbq Answers
Was the Reign of Terror Justified
The Reign of Terror was a time after the death of King Louis XVI where over 16,000 people died
due to the Guillotine. After going into multiple wars, France couldn't repay the money they took
after King Louis put the country in extreme debt. King Louis XVI made the decision to try and get
France out of debt by taxing the people. The first estate didn't pay at all, the second estate barely
paid because it was mostly made up of nobles and 2% of the population; the people that paid for
most taxes were the third estate. Mostly made up of the Bourgeoisie, City workers and finally the
peasants. With this unfair tax system many of the people went against the king. They also got their
idea to go against the king ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only people apart of the revolution but innocent people who didn't even want to take part of it.
The main person behind this is Maximilien Robespierre. He was a leader of the revolution and is
responsible for many deaths. In document E France established the Revolutionary Tribunal. The
Tribunal was established for crimes against the state, also to expel anyone who is expected of
counter revolutionary activites. This basically means if you are not for the revolution you have the
possibility of being jailed or murdered. No one could speak their views or opinions without being
prosecuted. In doc E the final sentence "A careless word of criticism spoken against the government
could put one in prison or worse". This is basically telling that if you speak out against the
revolutionist you have the chance of having your life taken away. The item that would take people's
life away was the Guillotine. The Guillotine is a very large blade responsible for may decapitations.
During the french revolution it was used to kill people in a humane way. What made this very
inhumane was the fact that it was a public display. Over 16,000 people were killed by this
executioner. Not every single one of these people deserved to die, most of them didn't follow the
revolution but were not even counter revolutionary. This is just the first explanation for why the
Reign of Terror wasn't

The Reign Of Terror In The French Revolution
The Reign of Terror in the French Revolution The distinct period of the French Revolution that
occurred between September 5, 1793 and July 27, 1794 was called "The Reign of Terror", or "La
Terreur"(Encyclopædia Brittanica, 2018). This was, by far, the most gruesome and belligerent time
of the revolution, giving a perfect explanation of its name. According to Encyclopædia Brittanica, at
least 300,000 suspects were arrested, 17,000 executed, and about 10,000 suspects died in prison
without a trial (2018). This period of adversity came about mainly due to the creation of the
National Convention, which brought an end to France's monarchy by voting the execution of King
Louis XVI. They later split in to three opposing groups: The radical Jacobins, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The other law of great significance that was made was the Law of Suspects. This law went into
action in September 1793 and pronounced the detention of anyone who was suspected of doing one
of six different things. Some of these treasonous actions include, hoarding grain, keeping rebellious
documents, hiding suspects, speaking disparagingly of the government, and conscription (Alpha
History, 2016). These two laws set the foundation for the terror that took root in the minds of the
French citizens, especially those in the third estate, because anybody suspected could be sent to the
guillotine; This killing spree was especially evident in Paris which was home to the guillotine (Atlas
Obscura, 2018). Some influential lives that were lost to this "National Razor" during the terror
include Marie Antoinette, Girondin leader, Jacques Brissot, Jacobin leader, Antione Barnave, and the
assassin, Jean–Paul Marat (Alpha History, 2016). After these laws were passed, the number of
executions skyrocketed. In fact, the streets of the Place de la Révolution became so congested with
blood due to the excising that the government felt it necessary to switch the location of the guillotine
(Alpha History,

Essay On Guillotine In The French Revolution
Guillotine Used in the French Revolution What have I done? That's all that runs through my mind
every time I see a head drop into the basket. I know that the images of heads being ripped from their
bodies will haunt my dreams forever. Allow me to explain. I am the guillotine that was used during
the French Revolution. I was created by Joseph–Ignace Guillotin––he thought that I would be a
more humane way of executing prisoners (Andrews, Evan). It is unreal how many people's necks
have been the victim of my blade! There were many causes of my home country's revolution.
Several events brought about beginning the revolution. There were conflicts between the monarchy
and the nobility over the "reform" of the tax system. (Desalvo, Heather) ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 1794, he was overthrown and captured. His execution date was set for July 18, 1794.
(Bouloiseau, Marc) On the morning of his execution date, he was marched up to my platform and
laid down, in a way that his neck was ready to meet my blade. The executioner let go of the rope
that held my blade. Thud, Maximilien de Robespierre's head fell into the waiting basket. He was
dead. Another person who was given no mercy by my blade was Marie Antoinette. I beheaded her
nine months after her husband, but that is another story. She was forced into an arranged marriage
with Louis XVI when she was fifteen. Then, she was made Queen of France when she was nineteen.
Finally, she fell to her death by my blade. Several years into my home country's revolution, our
Queen and her family were captured. She was put on trial with the charges of treason, theft, and a
false and disturbing charge of sexual abuse against her own son. After a two–day trial, an all–male
jury found her guilty of all charges. ( The Biography.com website, "Marie Antoinette") She was to
be sent to me. I was terrified, I did not want to be the reason that the Queen of France was dead.
More people would despise me more than they already did. On October 17, 1793, Marie Antoinette
was dragged onto my platform. My blade slid down the shaft, then, it was all over. I felt as if I was
going to be sick from the nauseous feeling I had received after that tragedy. She was dead, the
Queen of France was dead. Finally, the

The War Of The French Revolution
Corey Simms
Mrs. J
Modern History
March 19, 2015
Justified or Nahh
Bertrand Russell once said, "war does not determine who is right–only who is left." A bloodshed
event in modern European History, the French Revolution began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s
with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. During this period, French citizens razed and redesigned
their country's political landscape, uprooting centuries–old institutions such as absolute monarchy
and the feudal system. Like the American Revolution before it, the French
Revolution was influenced by enlightenment ideas, particularly the concepts of popular sovereignty
and inalienable rights. Although it failed to achieve all of its goals and at times degenerated into a
chaotic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression." (Dec. of Rights) This means the
government should
provide security which is safety for the people when they're stating a difference in opinion. For
example, even the King and Queen, and Robespierre were not safe or protected from the guillotine.
This article explains how people who disagree with the government should go unpunished. During
the reign of terror people were punished for exercising their basic rights. The
Reign of Terror was unjustified and so were their methods.
The government used extreme methods during the reign of terror, and tried to change laws to
support what they believed in. "Judgment of last resort: the local court has final say.
Therefore can be no appeal, even for a death by guillotine conviction." (Letter from the vendee)
The government is trying to take away people's rights, and kill whoever they claim not fit to live in
their society. The government is trying to change the laws to justify killing the poor and people who
disagree with them. This method goes in direct violation with the (Dec. of Rights).
For example, article 7 says "no person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned, except in cases
[allowed] by law." Another example comes from the same source but article 9 "all person are held
innocent until they shall have been declared guilty." Judgment of last resort clearly violates
everyone's rights and therefore is unjustified. Louis XVI

La Guillotine Essay
In addition, Dickens includes many anaphoras in his writing to describe how a female was seen as a
form power instead of weakness. Firstly, the Revolutionaries' mass murder weapon is described as
"the sharp female called La Guillotine" in Dickens' writing (212). Throughout the novel, the
personification of a female weapon is repeated to put emphasis on the new perception of the strength
of women. The Guillotine is a merciless machine, killing many day after day, similar to how many
women participated in the bloodshed that ensued. Dickens uses this repeated symbol to define
women as powerful machines who execute the task at hand without wavering. According to
Dickens, no longer is a woman an individual, with the ability to console and have ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These individuals with extreme power were defeated partially because of the lower–class females, a
group of individuals who had never before taken control over the people, as they were viewed as
incapable. Lastly, Madame Defarge's constant obsession with killing all who have hurt her
personally and her class, is repeated multiple times in the novel. As the novel progresses, Madame
Defarge becomes more obsessed and blood thirsty until she reaches one man , who she believes is
worth killing after she simply "[observes] his face"(263). She goes on to demand that her husband
allow her to "take care of his face."(263) It is clear that Madame Defarge has reached a point of
hysteria that makes her an extremely bloodthirsty individual, constantly searching for victims.
Dickens uses Madame Defarge once again, to explain the extreme amounts of killings that were due
to a woman's decision. Through Dickens' repetition of these phrases however, the reader can
understand the power that women were able to execute over other females and the men, as the idea
of a powerful female is visited multiple times throughout the

Justification Of Terror Dbq
Format:
Title –
Picture
Quote
Explanation (3ish sentences)
PANEL 1
The Privileges of Corruption
Insert image of 1st and 2nd estate riding back of or in cart being pulled by 3 estate
"... Has nobody observed that as soon as the government becomes the property of a separate class, it
starts to grow out of all proportion and that posts are created not to meet the needs of the governed
but of those who govern them?..." (Sieyès).
Emmanuel Siyès argued that the privileges of the aristocracy essentially established it as a foreign
body outside of the commonwealth of France. He denounced the nobility by declaring that it had
been able to reap the rewards of the working class without providing any contributions to society.
Moreover, he said that the nobility was able to do away with these "act[s] of treason to the
commonwealth" because it became so powerful, both politically and socially, allowing it to
manipulate the government into benefitting solely itself ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By punishing traitors and conspirators, particularly if they are deputies or administrators; by sending
loyal troops under patriotic leaders to subdue the aristocrats of... [all] regions in which the standards
of rebellion and royalism have been raised; and by making frightful examples of all scoundrels who
have outraged liberty and spilled the blood of patriots" (Robespierre, Despotism in Defense of
Liberty).
As the Reign of Terror came into effect, triggering the most radical phase of the Revolution,
Maximilien Robespierre was determined to reconstruct France as a new republican democracy.
According to Robespierre, this system could only be achieved if every and all forms of resistance to
the Republic were to be eradicated. He declared that anyone who did not support the revolution as
radically as he did was a traitor, a threat to the country, and deserved to be executed.
PANEL 6

Revolutionary Razor
Image portrayed in slide

How Did Charles Dickens Contribute To The French Revolution
Inspiration from an artist to an author
No one can refute that artists are inspired by the culture around them. Their artwork gives us insight
into what was going on in the world such as war and peace, or political issues. These works can in
turn inspire other artists, historians and authors in later times. When Charles Dickens wrote his
famous novel about the French Revolution, he had to rely on history and undoubtedly art to help
him understand this time period that was a century before his time. By looking at the paintings
involving the Storming of the Bastille, the guillotine, and women leading the revolution, we can
observe how Charles Dickens might of gathered inspiration for his novel Tale of Two Cities.
One of the most famous paintings of the French Revolution is the Prise de la Bastille. Prise de la
Bastille was painted around 1793 by Charles Thevenin (Pour Mémoire). Being one of the earliest ...
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The artist is unknown but it is from the 18 century depicting the march to the versailles. Women line
up in the thousands to make the march with pitchforks, sword, and muskets in hand ready to use.
Charles dicken recalls the march to the versailles in tale of two cities. He describes the men fearful
of the women and that they were grabbing any weapon they could find. He also describes the
women as a sight to see and bold for their age.(Dickens, 171–172) The painting give that image of
the women were a force to be reckoned with. The women of the painting are holding weapons and
marching as though that was their life's purpose. This artist obviously was inspired by the events
happening around him and put his talent to use. From there Dickens took inspiration from the
painting to his novel. This piece of artwork is an example of inspiring charles dickens while he
wrote Tale of Two Cities from an artist almost a century before

The Guillotine During The French Revolution
The Guillotine The dark shadow casted over the French revolution that cured everyone headaches:
the guillotine, a new and common form of execution during the French revolution. It terminated
thousands of lives, including Marie – Antoinette and King Louis XVI. Prior to the French
Revolution the guillotine was not used as punishment, but then used as a horrific form of
entertainment and then ultimately abolished in the early eighties. The guillotine today is known as
an inhumane, gruesome form of punishment. However, before the revolution, it was not used as a
punishment, but an easy way to end your life and get rid of the demons. Prior to the revolution, it
only executed the upper class because they are the only ones able to afford it. The purpose originally
being a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the French revolution the people of France are bloodthirsty, which meant they enjoyed
seeing murders and deaths take place. Whenever somebody is executed at the guillotine hundreds of
citizens would come to watch. Here they would also dress up and drink wine; the symbol of blood.
By the time the French revolution began the guillotine moved to a more centralized location, La
Place de Concorde. The people of France enjoyed the guillotine because it represented equal
punishment. Since the peasants and the nobility, both had the same form of punishment, the
guillotine is seen as a place where all the people could come together despite their social differences.
Among all of the deaths the most prominent assassinations are those of prisoners. Prisoners are often
the ones being executed, whether it is their punishment, or after they are held prisoner for several
years. Since these murders are seen as entertainment, the mobs of people would get angry when a
prisoner did not get punished with the guillotine. Once the reign of terror ended in 1794 the demand
for the guillotine began to

Symbolism In A Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens
The wine of the aristocrats was made by the vine; the wine of the peasants was made by the
guillotine. The novel "A Tale of Two Cities" by Charles Dickens presents this all too real society,
and the story of a group of brave and loving people who live in it. All throughout the novel, the
symbolism of wine as blood is pushed upon us, starting out during a seemingly joyous occasion: a
cask of wine is dropped outside of a wine–shop and it breaks open allowing the impoverished to get
wine out of the muddy puddles in the streets. This scene within itself seems oddly out of place in the
story – it doesn't really do much to introduce any characters, it isn't really important to the plot that
this specific cart dropped wine, etc. – however, this scene is no less violent than the beheadings and
mobbs. You see, the real violence in this seemingly innocent scene is not in the actual events, but in
the meaning behind it. "A shrill sound of laughter and of amused voices–voices of men, women, and
children–resounded in the street while this wine game lasted. There was little roughness in the sport,
and much playfulness. There was a special companionship in it, an observable inclination on the part
of everyone to join some other one, which led, especially among the luckier or lighter–hearted, to
frolicsome embraces, drinking of healths, shaking of hands, and even joining of hands and dancing,
a dozen together." When first reading this passage we haven't really heard much about wine,

Inhumanity Of Man In A Tale Of Two Cities
Man's Inhumanity to Man: Corruption Runs Deep Charles Dickens composed many great novels,
including A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens combats social injustice using great suspense and complex
metaphors, leaving room for thought. There are three series of scenes which perfectly exemplify
man's inhumanity to man throughout the course of this novel. These scenes are used by Dickens to
underline the inhumanity of mankind. The cycle of man's inhumanity to his fellow man leads to the
dehumanization of each man to another and is exhibited through the lives of the Monseigneurs, the
execution of the prisoners, and the trials of Charles Darnay. The aristocracy's lack of consideration
for the poor is clearly illustrated through the lifestyles and actions ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There were a total of three trials for Darnay throughout the course of this novel. All of these trials
had the possibility of a horrible sentence for Darnay. The first trial was called for the suspicion of
treason and he was almost guaranteed to be found guilty. People from all around came to the court
to watch this trial as if it were a play or show. "For people then payed to see the play at the Old
Bailey, just as they pay to see the play in Bedlam – only the former entertainment was much dearer"
(45). Dickens supports the thought of people seeing trials as some form of entertainment, by
comparing seeing a trial at a courthouse to seeing a play at a theatre. People would get just as
excited about seeing the new play as they did by a trial. Dickens states, "When the Attorney–
General ceased, a buzz arose in the court as if a cloud of great blue–flies were swarming about the
prisoner, in anticipation of what he was soon to become" (50). The blue flies represent the "buzz" of
the courtroom and how people are getting very excited about what the result of this trial may be. By
comparing people to blue flies, Dickens clearly indicates to the reader that the people witnessing this
trial do not take it as a serious matter and are more or less gossiping about the matter. They take the
matter of this so lightly that in their eyes, Darnay is no longer seen as a human with a precious

The Reign of Terror: Was it Justified?
As more peoples blood is split to gain the rights not extended to them, the Terror grows becoming
more and more gruesome. The French revolution began in late 1789 to obtain the rights that every
citizen in born with. The motto of the French was liberty, equality, or death and the price to be paid
for the civil liberties was blood. The revolutionary leader Robespierre and journalist Marat
explained the more blood the better so that was what raged the people and started the Reign of
Terror. Were the values expressed by the French Revolution necessary though? Even though, the
French Revolution saw the Terror as a sign to create peace and restore a new France it was not
justified because the extremities of the internal and external threats ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Doc F) As all hell broke loose within France it was the cause of the Reign of Terror which overall,
was not justified. The French Revolution was spreading and Prussia and Austria had grown fearful;
therefore, to stop the spreading of the revolution the countries waged war against France, gaining
land, troops, and power bringing fear to the French. The neighboring countries in the awakening of
the revolution, August 1791, formed an alliance wreaking havoc in the French cities. (Doc A) When
the guillotining of Louis the 16th occurred Austria became fearful and angry hoping for the safety of
the queen and beloved sister Marie Antoinette. (Doc A) The raging war went on for many years but
in 1794 the invasion of foreign enemies grew short and the French are close to stopping them. (Doc
A) In the words of Robespierre "We must smother the ... external enemies of the Republic or
perish."(Doc G) Initially, the methods of the Terror became too extreme as Robespierre's thirst for
blood and power grew. In October 1793, the pro–revolutionaries decided to make an example of the
counterrevolutionaries by setting their homes on fire and chopped off 12 heads within five minutes.
(Doc C) As a way to protest and change the society that most French despised government officials
changed holidays, events, and the calendar. In 1793, a revolutionary campaign against the Catholic
Church Sundays were abolished, Christmas, Easter, every Christian

The Negative Reasons Of The Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror, the fight for freedom, that caused the complete opposite. The Reign of Terror
was considered a period of remorseless repression and bloodshed. As of 1793 the newly acclaimed
National Convention of France declared their first actions to be of those that destroy monarchy and
create a republic. With inside and outside threats arising King Louis XVI, left France in hope of
safety in his wife's country of Austria. At the border of France he was caught. He was tried and
executed for grounds of treason by newly acclaimed leader Maximilien Robespierre. After the
execution of a poisoned monarch and newly created laws, France's economy began to improve, until
Robespierre grew paranoid. Through 1793–1794, he began killing anyone that he believed did not
agree with him. He killed more than 40,000 people. Was the death of 40,000 people truly the cost of
freedom and human rights? The Reign of Terror was and should not be justified due to the reasons
that it was not required, it removed freedom and human rights, and had a negative outcome on
France.
The Reign of Terror was not justified due to the reason that it was not required."By the fall of 1793
the foreign threat was halted. By May,1794, French victory was near." By 1794 the war against
Prussian and Austrian forces was coming to a close. With the war coming to a close, France could
begin to solve the problems back home. Between Robespierre and French leaders, freedom and
human rights could begin to be

Economic Causes Of The French Revolution
The French Revolution was caused by many social, economic, and political causes. The Revolution
began in 1789 and ended in 1814 just as Napoleon came to power. France and other nations were
affected as a result of the outcome of the Revolution. The most prominent problem in France was
the monarchy. King Louis XIV was a selfish, arrogant, foolish ruler who only took into account his
selfish needs. He, along with his Austrian wife, Marie Antionette, lived in the Palace of Versailles,
where they lived luxurious lives without a clue or care about what was going on with the rest of his
country. According to Document 1, Louis was known as a "divine ruler," which is defined with the
divine right theory, which is the theory that the king received his power directly from God. This
theory blinded the French citizens for the longest time. But when the ideas of the Enlightenment
came about, the people realized that were being mistreated and then started to question authority.
Those mostly inspired by the Enlightenment meant were members of the Third Estate. The cause of
the French Revolution can be attributed to the divergence and economic problems that existed in
France at the time. The Third estate made up 98% of France's populations and owned a majority of
the land, 65% to be exact, yet they were treated unfairly in society. (Doc 2) The Third Estate payed a
majority of taxes and most of the profit they make was given to the nobility as payment for their
rent. In document 3, a

French Revolution A Tale Of Two Cities
French Revolution
The French Revolution is considered by most historians as a major turning point in World History.
Many major shifts took place in France, causing many uproars by the people of France. In A Tale of
Two Cities by Charles Dickens he stated, "Liberty, equality, fraternity, or death; – the last, much the
easiest to bestow, O Guillotine!" Charles Dickens, along with many other Frenchmen, were
dedicated to their cause and would not let their voices go quietly into the night, no matter the
consequence. This lead to changes not only in the French government, but lead to changes within
the world.
Before the French Revolution, the Third Estate, or the lower class, were the only ones to pay taxes.
During Louis XVI's reign, the

Geoffrey Abbott 's Execution : The Guillotine, The Pendulum
Geoffrey Abbott, author of Execution: The Guillotine, the Pendulum, the Thousand Cuts, the
Spanish Donkey, and 66 Other Ways of Putting Someone to Death, does a particularly well job
explaining and detailing almost every method of execution in the different eras throughout history.
He tells of how the people being executed felt and how the executioners felt. He also explains how
each execution type was carried out. Executions back in the day were very gruesome, but details on
the historical events cannot just be exempted out if you want to explain these hectic methods. Just a
few categories covered were: the Axe– this was when a person was put on a wooden block with a
space between the neck and then was decapitated. Also there was Bastinado–which was to be beaten
with a stick on their feet until they die (by far the weirdest way to execute someone in my opinion.)
Also there was the guillotine– when the prisoner was placed on a block and then a heavy blade from
above come crashing down on the neck of the prisoner decapitating him (this method of execution
was one of the coolest methods.) What is cooler way to go than a huge blade chopping off your
head? It is by far one of the quickest and most painless. Another method was Torn Apart by Horses–
this is when your arms and legs are tied to a horse and then each horse runs in a separate direction
ripping your limbs off. What a way to go. I cannot fathom what it would have been like to be
executed like that. Those are just some

Causes Of The Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror was one of history's symbolic events that have changed the world for the better.
Have started with King Louis XVI's reign in 1789 to 1793 (document B); which lead France down a
rabbit hole of poverty, starvation of the people, and an unfair tax system (background essay). All of
France's problems have manifested into something that King Louis has done, but cannot stop. With
the help of Maximilien Robespierre, the Reign of Terror was declared to fix a corrupted government.
The Reign of Terror was justified to rebuild the government that problems that Louis XVI created.
With the help of Robespierre and the death contraption known as the guillotine, the Reign of Terror
served it's purpose and helped France with its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With King Louis XVI making the bad decisions, acknowledgement was to be done to fix corruption
in government. As said in document A, "The representatives of the French people believed that the
ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man are the sole causes of public calamities and the
corruption of the government." King Louis was a poor absolute monarch during the 1780's
(document B) juggling France's unfair tax system and poverty (background essay). This relates back
to representatives of the French people's beliefs of a corrupted government. Seen throughout the
Reign of Terror, the reign of Robespierre, and King Louis XVI reign, corruption of government is
through ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man (document B). Although power has
been taken advantaged of through absolute monarchs, they have changed history for better. Without
their abuse of power, the Reign of Terror wouldn't have ended and solved the problems France was
facing. During the year of 1793, Maximilien Robespierre was appointed by the Committee of Public
Safety (Document B) to bring all the chaos that the French Revolution caused to a close, but
Robespierre had his own agenda. As of September 5, 1793 Robespierre did just that and declared
"Terror the order of the day;" beginning of Reign of Terror. As stated in document G, Robespierre

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Dbq Analysis
To begin, was The Reign of Terror justified? Does a bear poop in the woods? Yes. The Reign of
Terror lasted less than two years, from the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 to late July
1794. During those eighteen months, more than 20,000 French people were put to death by
guillotine. Furthermore, although some of the actions that occurred were not satisfactory, I have
reason to believe that there's more information to backup my claim, that it was justified. The Reign
of Terror was justified. This claim can be supported by three reasons: Document C, They were
opposed by outside foreign invaders; it was challenged from the inside by rebels and émigrés.
Document F No one is trying to stop it. The Reign of Terror was key for having people approval, it
shows it in Document F. Lastly, Document A, states that laws of people and what they allowed to
do. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This document is justified because France was at a low point, they would under seige and couldn't
defend themselves. A change was necessary, they would have fallen. "In August 1792. an 80,000–
man army marched into France." France was challenged from the outside by foreign invaders. They
couldn't stand there and be penetrated by enemy firepower, they has to make a movement that would
hurt, but benefit in the long run greatly. Moreover, In Document C it states that in September 1792
France fought back and won three Famous Battle of Valmy. It is stated that 80,000 people died in
both sides. Imagine if France did not fight back, France would be in shambles. Additionally,
rebellion broke out in France with was horrible for France. They had internal and external conflict.
They had to do something about it, that something was The Reign of Terror. This evidence show that
the Reign of Terror was justified because they were in need of desperate measure, or else everyone
would perish. The Reign of Terror was a good

A Tale Of Two Cities Essay
Capitol Punishment: Toy of Evil Men
One might believe that because capital punishment plays such a large role in Charles Dickens' A
Tale Of Two Cities, that Dickens himself is a supporter of it. This just simply is not true. Dickens
uses capitol punishment as a tool to define the evil embodied in both the French ruling class, and the
opposing lower class during the French Revolution; as well as comment on the sheep–like nature of
humankind.
In the beginning of the novel, capital punishment serves as the "cure–all" for France's
social problems. After all, "death is nature's remedy for all things, and why not legislation's?
" (62). It is this attitude that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"They are murdering the prisoners," says Mr. Lorry to Darnay after arriving in France
(260). Again Dickens uses capitol punishment as a way to show the reader the atrocities that
humanity can create when consumed with hatred and evil. Dickens can be seen approaching the
subject of the guillotine with cynical sarcasm when he writes, "it was the popular theme for
jests; it was the best cure for headache, it infallibly prevented the hair from turning gray...who kissed
La Guillotine looked through the little window and sneezed into the sack" (271). Just as with
the Aristocrats, Dickens does not condone the Jacques use of capital punishment. His disdain is
apparent in his tone; which gnaws away at any inkling the reader may have that the treatment of the
prisoners is fair.
Capital punishment is also used as a social commentary by showing how people cling to the popular
attitudes and beliefs of the day. People are quick to adopt the guillotine as their new savior. Dickens
articulates the common attitude towards this when he writes, "[the guillotine] was the sign of
the regeneration of the human race. It superseded the cross" (271). These "followers of
the guillotine" are ruthless in their quest for blood as they shout "Take off his head...an
enemy to the republic!" (280). By showing the ridiculous manner in which the people of
France behave, Dickens teaches us a lesson about

Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Analysis
Was the Reign of Terror Justified?
Fear is something very powerful that can control and manipulate anyone no matter who the person
is. Fear was one of the main things everyone felt in the French Revolution. Due to fear many people
were drawn to do many things they did not want but were forced to do The Declaration of Rights of
Man and Citizens declared "Men are born and remain free and equal in rights" (DocA).If this is so
why did some men have their rights taken away and why were they violate? The French Revolution
was not justified because People rights were violated, there were inhumane methods, and it broke
the enlightenment ideals.
During the French Revolution people had their rights violated and taken away one law contributing
to

Reign Of Terror Dbq
The Reign of Terror. During the French Revolution and the reign of King Louis XVI, was what
happened necessary? Did it work? Was it justified? Was it really necessary to kill 40,000+ people,
just to decide what government a country shall hold? In my opinion, and I hope many other
opinions, the answer is no. A vast majority of the deaths at this time were the doing of the guillotine.
The guillotine was a machine created by Joseph–Ignace Guillotin and was used for executions by
beheading. The guillotine was created as a result of the French Revolution. His reign was dreadful
and Louis XVI's horrible kingsmanship lead to the French Revolution, so really the guillotine was
created because of King Louis XVI. I believe the Reign of Terror was not ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It's ridiculous that people are arrested and killed for absolutely no reason. How come the articles that
the Republic wrote in the declaration, don't apply to the Republic. In the Declaration of the Rights of
Man and Citizens, it has many articles, but some of them I was given are,"Article 1: Men are born
and remain free and equal in rights." It doesn't seem as if the people during the Reign of Terror are
free. Article 2 says," The aim of all is the preservation of the natural rights of man. These are liberty,
property, security, and resistance to oppression." During the Reign of Terror most commoners didn't
have much freedom to these rights. Some of the higher, wealthier people may be closer to achieving
these rights. Article 7 says,"No person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned, except in the cases
allowed by law." MANY MANY people were accused arrested and even killed and the cases weren't
necessarily allowed by law. I could go on and on about the articles and how they are all broken by
the Republic but it would make this essay way too

Effects Of Guillotine On The French Revolution
Imagine this, you're in a golden palace in the most beautiful city in all of France looking down every
corridor at all the luxuries and peering out onto the beautifully paved streets! Well, it used to not be
that way, It used to be Heaven, a Heaven full of trash, manure, mud, sewage, germs, and blood, lots
of blood. So much blood that certain parts were permanently stained and this blood wasn't animals
blood. It was the blood of hundreds of thousands of severed heads that filled France and conquered
the monarchy leaving a filthy stench in its wake. This was all thanks to the guillotine, the
modernized way for the death sentence and capital punishment So over all the guillotine got its
name from being a humane way to execute, the executioners ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The people in charge of the beheading was "the committee of safety", they were also the
government of France at the time. During the reign of terror 300,000 suspects were arrested, 17,000
were officially executed, and 10,000 died in prison or without a trial. The guillotine was the prime
symbol of the reign of terror, this terror was led by Maximilien Robespierre and he truly showed
terror. at this point in time if you used to be an aristocrat then you were likely dead unless you hide
in some exotic place where they couldn't find you. Even the king and queen were executed the same
as any other person, through the guillotine. Even Robespierre himself was killed by the guillotine.
During the reign of terror, France was heaven, a heaven of trash, manure, mud, sewage, germs, and
blood, lots of blood. also, witnesses say the basket they used to catch the decapitated heads was dark
red, stained with the blood of the victims. To conclude the guillotine had a major influence on

The Guillotine Research Paper
The guillotine was one of the most popular and widely used machines designed and used for
executions by beheading. As one of the main symbols of the French Revolution, the guillotine not
only represented, but also delivered death. Since the guillotine was in use for over 200 years, it saw
much destruction and took many lives. The guillotine has had other machines like it that were just as
deadly but with different names. The guillotine was fashioned from the idea of two other
decapitation machines (Andrews). One of them is the Halifax Gibbet. It is thought that the first time
an execution by beheading was done was in Halifax. Which is how the Halifax Gibbet received its
name (HistoryLearningSite). This machine stood fifteen feet tall and used an axe head attached to a
piece of wood that slid between grooves of the two fifteen foot beams (Wilde). ... Show more
The machine may have originated in 1066 but can only be proved to being used from the 1280's and
on (Wilde). John of Dalton is thought to be the first victim of the Halifax Gibbet in the year 1286
(HistoryLearningSite). The Halifax Gibbet was retired on April 30th, 1650 (Wilde). The other
machine the guillotine was based on was the Scotish Maiden. The Scotish Maiden was called
various names in Edinburgh, such as the Maiden, the Miadin, and the Madin or Madyn. The Maiden,
like the Halifax, has two upright beams as part of the main structure. Instead of an axe head like the
Halifax, the Maiden just has a steel faced iron blade with seventy–five pounds of lead for weight
(Hartley). The Scotish Maiden was used for about 150 years from the year 1564 to the year 1710. In
that period of time, it is said that the decapitation machine had over 150 victims (The Guillotine

The Guillotine: The French Revolution
The French Revolution was characterized with more than its share of executions, so much so, in
fact, that the guillotine emerged as one of the defining and most enduring symbols of the revolution.
From 1787 to 1789 France was changing and modernizing it government, and this system takes
partial credit. Around 40,000 lives were taken by the Guillotine, this includes Marie Antoinette and
Louis XVI.
In 1789 Dr.Joseph Ignace Guillotin, the deputy of the National Assembly in France suggested a
reform of capital punishment. The idea was to maintain an "equal status to all citizens by the
declaration of rights" (Corzine). Beheading was reserved as a noble punishment while lower class
criminals were treated with more grisly penalty. For example they were burned alive or dragged by a
horse until they were ripped apart. Dr.Guillotin believed that all classes should be subjected to the
same fate. And that the guillotine was right for the job. "The mechanism falls like thunder, the head
flies off, blood spurts, the man is no more" (Otfinoski). The guillotine was supposed to be simple
and straightforward, the blade would fall and the criminal would be no more. Eventually the rest of
the assembly agreed and France adopted the guillotine as its ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Other mechanisms that resemble the guillotine were used in different countries at earlier times. In
1400 the Halifax Gibbet was created in England. In 1564 the Scottish Maiden was created in
Scotland (History of the Guillotine). In 1788 before the Guillotine the Wheel and Scaffold were
used as a form of punishment, but during a public execution the people saw it as too inhumane and
destroyed the device. King Louis XVI agreed and banned the weapon. Three years later the
guillotine was created. Antoine Louis and Dr.Guillotin were in charge of its development and found
inspiration in the previously mentioned weapons. Then in 1792, the guillotine was first

Guillotine During The French Revolution
As revolutions have occurred throughout history, their revolutionaries bond together and unite for
their cause. This unity creates a single voice that will lead their journey to change the society around
them, however they can be steered into the wrong direction by this mob mentality. During the
French Revolution in the late 1700's, the guillotine was invented and put to use during an era now
known as the Reign of Terror. The establishment of the guillotine empowered the middle class; it
gave them a voice and mean of control to steer the Revolution toward equality, meanwhile it
corrupted the identity and values of their society.
The guillotine was a device created for the purpose of humane execution as a form of capital
punishment. A guillotine ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Criminals used to be tortured and slaughtered based on the crimes they committed and the class they
belonged to including "combined elements of public humiliation, mutilation and execution" (Lynn).
The guillotine, however, killed a variety of classes and sexes, and did so in the same fashion
regardless of who it was killing. The guillotine executed King Louis XVI and leader Robespierre,
but also regular peasants and citizens (Clift). By creating a uniform method of killing criminals in
France, citizens were all treated equally. The guillotine conveyed the idea that all were the same
under the law, and that no one person deserved a better fate than anyone else that approached it.
Before a person was killed by guillotine, the spectators gave them a chance to speak, keeping their
dignity intact. Then without any suffering or torment, they would meet the same fate and die in the
instant that the guillotine sliced their neck (Clift). The guillotine treated all people with equal mercy
in keeping the process short and painless. Despite a variety of reasons one would be killed by
guillotine, the machine treated them all humanely and equally, and establishing the revolutionaries'
values toward justice amongst all men and

The Footsteps Die Out Rhetorical Analysis Prompts
The excerpt from the novel A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens at the beginning of the final
chapter, "The Footsteps Die Out Forever" describes prisoners being wheeled the iconic Guillotine
which took several lives throughout the French Revolution. The purpose of the passage is to convey
the darkness of the time through describing the cycle of oppression and the horrors occurring at the
time. However, in lieu of this, it also provides a message of hope through describing the nobility that
the character Sydney Carton carries as he is brought to the Guillotine and in doing so, brings about
his redemption right before his death.
The passage opens up immediately setting the mood and tone of the text: "Along the Paris streets,
the death–carts rumble, hollow and harsh."(line 1). The reader will pick up on the hopeless and
absolute tone conveyed by the alliteration of "hollow and harsh" enforcing and drawing attention to
the serious nature of what has happened in the Revolution with the constant wheeling of prisoners to
"La Guillotine." The "death carts" refer to the tumbrils serving as vessels carrying the prisoners to
their death, their severity conveyed in their movement being described as a "rumble" which implies
a great amount of noise. The cycle of oppression is first introduced in the line, "Crush humanity out
of shape once more, under similar hammers, and it will twist itself into the same tortured forms."
(line 5–6). This line basically illustrates the way that crime

Advantages Of The Reign Of Terror
In June of 1793, the Committee of Public safety began the Reign of Terror, which would not end
until July of 1794. As a result of the Terror, over 14,000 people were killed by the use guillotines,
firing squads, and drowning. A large majority of these deaths occured in the French Departments of
Lore, Lyon, and Vendee (Document 1). In Paris, most of those executed were nobles and upper
middle class citizens, while throughout the rest of France, the majority of those executed were
peasants and working class citizens. (Document 2). Over 10,000 of the people executed committed
hostile acts against the French State (Document 3). The Reign of Terror was a chaotic time period in
which France was warring against Austria and Prussia and in deep financial troubles. The
revolutionaries used the terror to their advantage, eliminating all of those who were in opposition.
The terror, however, was disadvantageous to the revolutionaries because it caused more chaos and
civil unrest throughout all of France. The revolutionaries used the Reign of Terror to their
advantage, eliminating all of those in resistance. General Ronsin, who was a leader of the
revolutionary army, strongly supported the use of guillotine and firing squad to execute the
opposition (Document 5). These revolutionaries thought they had brought justice into France
through the execution of those who were resisting the revolutionaries. In a speech to the National
Convention, Maximilien de Robespierre explains how

The French Revolution And The American Revolution
The French Revolution Salahaldin Bileh History 101 Professor Manley October 7, 2015 Throughout
history, there have been many Revolutions. The French Revolution was a revolution that changed
France history completely. The French Revolution did not only changed history, but changed
France's historical monarchy government to a more republic government. The poor French citizens
got the courage to start a revolution from the American Revolution. The French Revolution started
at 1789 and ended at 1799. It was the most important event that changed the Western Civilization
history. The French Revolution was caused by its "Economic hardship, its absolute ruler: Louis
XVI, international struggles, and political conflict."1 The French Revolution started with an
absolute ruler and ended with an absolute ruler. In France, the population was separated into three
Estates. First, the Clergy, also known as the Catholic Church, "Numbered about 130,000 in a nation
of 28 million...and owned about 10 percent of the nation's land...."2 Second, the Nobles. " The
300,000 members of the nobility... controlled about 30 percent of the land...." 3 Third, the Peasants,
"the third estate included everyone else...Peasants accounted for 80 percent of the French
population." 4 The peasants suffered a lot in this era of unfairness. They worked so hard, at the same
time, they didn't have something to eat. Their daily meal was bread. King Louis XVI for years
ignored peasants' rights, even after he

Not Justified DBQ
One of the reasons the Reign of Terror was not justified was because of the brutal methods they used
to execute and hurt people. During the French Revolution the guillotine became a powerful image. It
was a sharp angled blade that would drop and decapitate the victim(Document F). It was also known
as a "humane" way to execute criminals. However when detailed paintings are released showing
blood filling the streets of France, and people being beheaded it was difficult for people to believe it
was a humane way of killing someone. . In an art piece called "Nine Émigrés go to the Guillotine"
shows tons of people watching and interested in someone getting their head chopped off ha. Also
this shows that people were fascinated by the gruesome killing

The Stranger by Albert Camus
In the novel, The Stranger by Albert Camus, Meursault the protagonist, becomes drawn into a
"senseless" murder that has to face the absurdity of life and because of his actions, Meursault is
presented as a danger due to his lack of "morality" to society. Meursault who is not able to take
control of his life but respond to what life offers him believes in the simplicity of life. He tries to
understand the living through logic and objectivity, which ultimately turns futile, as he himself
cannot maintain proper control over his thoughts and emotions. From the interactions between
Marie, to the murder of the Arab, and the meeting with the Chaplain, Meursault overcomes his
indifferent views to form an opinion about what life really means. The central theme presented by
Camus is how the threat of mortality becomes a catalyst for understanding the significance of life. In
Part 1 of the novel, Meursault does not fully grasp the significance of life because of his absurdist
way of life. Camus presents Meursault as a person who does not live life, but reacts to what life
presents him. Meursault is incapable of understanding the metaphysics of the world due to his lack
of emotions. The greatest understanding of Meursault is through his own mind; instead of being
subjective, he is objective. "Behind them, an enormous mother, in a brown silk dress, and the father,
a rather frail little man I know by sight" (22). His thoughts include "note–taking" details about his
environment with an

Pros And Cons Of Guillotine
Annually, America spends trillions of dollars on health care. To be more specific, roughly ten
thousand U.S. dollars is used per person. However, health care fraud costs our nation about sixty–
eight billion dollars every year. Being that, thousands of families are exploited and forced to
undergo risky medical procedures. In addition, an individual's lawful insurance information and
private medical record are used as false claims against them. As a result, it is worrisome seeing a
family who could afford the means easily but still embezzles a member ID card that does not belong
to them; while single mothers with several children are being rightful and properly paying for
Medicaid or other programs while they have a low–income salary. I agree ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One disadvantage that I am concerned for are the ethical concerns. To be more specific, I know one
concern from the public may be the idea of using the guillotine. I do believe that the guillotine
would inflict pain towards the families and friends of the deceased. However, there is no evidence
regarding the pain in the victim. In fact, the process is precise and quick when it comes to beheading
the convicted individual. Hence, I theorize the most pain may be a pinch in the neck. Secondly,
some people may consider the disadvantages of limiting the number of families and health care
programs across the nation. In my opinion, creating a limit allows more effective regulations and
stricter policies will arise. In other words, there would be fewer numbers of people the government
and other medical programs needs to keep track off for a given time. This benefits everyone as the
qualification and availability of health care becomes more organized and transfers U.S. money to
only specific health programs that are seen honorable. However, the availability of health care gets
limited exponentially. To resolve it, the spots with available health care is still maintained but also
rotates like a job shift etc. In addition, the idea of national selection occurs towards individuals who
can't wait for health care, and our population profits by dropping unneeded

Theme Of Execution At The Guillotine By Louis Capet
21st January 1793: the day that Louis Capet would wake up and realise it would be his last.
Helman's painting illustrates Capet's execution at the guillotine and exposes the haunting and violent
side of the French Revolution. When looking at Helman's work, the viewer can see the large crowds
that flocked to the square, then known as the Place de la Revolution, to see their former King
become a victim to the guillotine. Louis Capet, formerly known as King Louis XVI of France, was
found guilty of 'supporting rebels inside and émigrés outside revolutionary France and for his
negotiations with foreign powers planning and then actually engaged in an invasion of the country.'
Helman's work carries a great importance as it gives the viewer an insight into the violence, conflict
and social division that defined the French Revolution.
Helman exhibits a theme of violence by using graphic imagery: a large crowd looking up to a
guillotine and a decapitated head being displayed to the audience. The execution marked the demise
of the royal existence and was emblematic of the victory of the French Revolution. The appearance
of the guillotine is notable because some academics, like Arasse, believe that it is 'one of the key
images by which the French Revolution has been represented.' It is interesting the artist has chosen
to present the guillotine at a larger scale than the people, and nearly as grand as the governmental
buildings in the background. This technique is effective because it

The Reign Of Terror: Was It Justified?
The Reign of Terror: Was it Justified? In 1789, the French Revolution began because of lack of food,
money, and jobs in France and from influence from the American revolution and the Age of
Enlightenment. By 1793, the National Convention wrote the Republican Constitution and beheaded
King Louis XVI for treason by guillotine. Maximilien Robespierre took control of the National
Convention and the country. He changed France with his words but he eventually would be one of
the last victims of the guillotine. No less than five years later, Napoleon took control and changed
France to an empire. During the Reign of Terror there was over 40,000 deaths by guillotine, which
was considered to be a humane way of killing. Was the Reign of Terror and all ... Show more
From a timeline of the Reign of Terror, in 1789 the French country had an absolute monarchy. Then
in 1792, the goal of having a Constitutional Republic was completed (Document B). From 843 AD
to 1792 France had a monarchy and the move from a monarchy to a republic was a huge step in the
right direction for France. The Reign of Terror was necessary to help the change become smoother
because there was a strong revolutionary government and had a humane way of keeping the
government alive by killing some of the enemy "citizens". One of the leaders of this revolutionary
government was Maximilien Robespierre, he believed that the most effective way of governing,
comes from the people. In 1794, he made a Report of the Principles of Public Morality to the
National Convention. His most powerful weapon, wasn't the guillotine, but his words. He describes
how one must finish fighting for liberty against tyranny to complete a revolution and to complete the
goal of having a Constitutional Republic. He also reports that the only citizens in a republic, are
republicans, so the conspirators are no longer citizens, but enemies (Document G). Some of these
enemies are the nobility and the clergy, because they only wanted what was best for them and their
social groups, not what was best for the Republic. The fight against tyranny was not over till there
were only republicans in the republic. The government leaders and courts made sure of this by using
the guillotine. By getting rid of their enemies, France had a Constitutional Republic after the Reign
of Terror. This is justified because the Constitutional Republic's leaders were making sure that they
got rid of all the Republic's enemies and keeping their government safe, just like countries want to
do

Significance Of The Guillotine In A Tale Of Two Cities
Throughout Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities, the guillotine is a persisting symbol of the French
Revolution. It represents the revolutionary violence through which humanity loses its religious
morality and a new, savage standard is created. By looking at the passage as a Student of Literature,
the revolutionists, straying from ethics and God, are depicted through religious allusions. A
Historian lens reveals Dickens condemnation of the bloodthirsty revolution that has normalized
violence and stripped the people of humanity.
Dickens contrasts Christian images and the guillotine to depict the revolution's immorality and
deviation from God's ideals. He emphasizes the power of the guillotine as the symbol of the
revolution, and how the revolution has overlooked its Christian values. Dickens describes the
guillotine as "the sign of the regeneration of the human race," Revolutionists replace the cross with
the guillotine, and it is also worshiped where the cross isn't wanted. Throughout the novel, Dickens
emphasizes the idea of regeneration, or resurrection. He explains the guillotine has resurrected the
human race as new beings no longer bound by the cross. Jesus, represented by the cross, is also
resurrected, but the guillotine in the revolution overshadows him. A symbol of rebirth and morality,
Jesus, is surpassed by the symbol of death and destruction, the guillotine. Dickens also purposefully
names the main executioner Samson, sharing the name with the biblical figure Samson.

Guillotine History

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