2. FOCUS QUESTIONS
1. What are the different types of communities?
2. Describe and give examples of each type of
community.
3. Differentiate formal and informal communities.
4. Differentiate urban and rural communiites.
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3. COMMUNITY
▪ A group of people who occupy a common
contiguous territory, possessed of a common set
of traditions associated with their living together in
that territory, and served by a set of local
institutions in which the people are conscious of
their common interest.
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4. TYPES OF COMMUNITY
1. Formal communities
2. Informal communities
3. Urban communities
4. Rural communities
5. Global communities
6. Sectoral communities
7. Social Space communities
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5. 1.
FORMAL COMMUNITIES
Engage in joint activities and discussion, help each
other, and share information with each other; they care
about their standing with each other.
6. Examples of formal communities
▪ Ecovillages
▪ Co-housing communities
▪ Co-ops communities
▪ Religious communities
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19. 3.
URBAN COMMUNITIES
Large in terms of land area & population, advanced in science &
technology, with favorable physical environment and & diverse
cultures, and the people are engaged in various occupations.
20.
21. Characteristics of urban communities
▪ Advancement in science and technology
▪ Many business establishments, recreational
centers, educational and religious institutions
▪ People are crowded
▪ Social heterogeneity
▪ Class extremes
▪ Greater pollution
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22. Characteristics of urban communities
▪ Many crimes are committed
▪ Family ties tend to be weak
▪ Limited space
▪ Greater impersonality among neighbors
▪ Higher standard of living
▪ Shortage of employment
▪ Informal settlers are rampant
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23. Characteristics of urban communities
▪ A lot of hazards and dangers
▪ Greater number of separation of spouses and live-
in arrangements
▪ Major occupations are industrial, administrative
and professional
▪ Divisions of labor and occupational specialization
are very much common
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26. Characteristics of rural communities
▪ Greater personal interaction
▪ Deep, long-term relationships
▪ Generally, peace and order exists
▪ Mutual give and take affairs
▪ Emphasis of shared values
▪ Vernacular is usually spoken
▪ Wider area
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27. Characteristics of rural communities
▪ Influence of blood relationships in decision making
▪ Homogenous type of culture
▪ Belief in supernatural and superstitious beliefs
▪ Relationship is more personal and informal
▪ Less pollution
▪ Few establishments and institutions
▪ Few goods and services
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30. Global communities
▪ “World Community”
▪ Common point of view towards issues of human
rights, global warming and climate change, peace
and order, socio-economic conditions as well as
disputed issues such as territorial conflict.
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33. Sectoral communities
▪ Voluntary, non-profit and non-governmental
▪ Also called third sector (in contrast to public and
private sector)
▪ NGOs: Non-governmental organizations
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37. Social space communities
▪ A social space is a physical or virtual space
▪ Physical: social center, gathering place, town
squares, parks, pubs, shopping malls
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43. Characteristics of social spaces
▪ People gather at information grounds for a primary
purpose other than information sharing
▪ Attended by different social types
▪ Social interaction is a primary activity
▪ Information occurs in many directions
▪ Information is used in alternative ways
▪ Many sub-contexts exist; together they form grand
context
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