Digital Music Distribution

Digital Music Distribution
[pic]
MASTER OF MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY OF GADJAH MADA
2009
Marketing Strategy
For Digital Music Distribution within the scope of Indonesian music industry
| | | |
|Course |: |Marketing Management |
|Lecturer |: |Prof. Dr. Basu Swastha Dharmmesta, MBA. |
Submitted By:
Julianto Hiliansyah
(08/279840/PEK/13299)
Abstract
Music industry has grown to a new level, digital distribution. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It seems that this kind of activity or business is replacing the conventional way of music
distribution, which is selling records through store. In Indonesia, digital distribution business is
starting to develop. Music publishers, recording companies and consumers are already aware of this
phenomenon. Music downloading is familiar in consumers' life, whether buying music from the
internet or sharing music. But the most familiar one is RBT, Ring Back Tone. Almost everyone in
the country use cell phone and almost every cell phone has RBT, it is quite a fad actually. This is one
of the largest business in music industry and music publishers and companies are aware that
establishing cooperation with telecommunication provider is important. This business is one of the
highest income in music industry.
Research Question This paper discusses about the marketing strategy for digital music distribution
system, more specifically in Indonesian music industry. It discusses about: How is the latest
condition in Indonesian music industry? What are the differences between conventional way of
distribution and digital distribution? How is the effective marketing strategy for digital music
distribution in Indonesia? Most of the journals used as source explain in general scope of industry or

in the US music industry. To relate it with Indonesian music industry, sources from magazine
articles is featured as perspective and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Impact of Technology on the Music Industry: a Study...
The impact of technology on the music industry: A study into how organisations adapt in a rapidly
evolving business environment
Profile – Sam Ford from UK Indie band One Night Only. The Group have recorded a top 10 hit on
the Top 40 UK Singles Chart in 2008 from their debut album "Started a Fire".
From your debut album Started a Fire, you had a top 10 hit with "Just For Tonight". What did it take
you to get to the point? How did you market and promote your band to get to this point, did it start
from how much of it was your own promotion and how did your record label help?
Gigging. We spent years just touring and gigging and built up a real strong loyal live following. The
more people you get coming to your shows the more people ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Independents have more flexibility because of their smaller infrastructure. We can sell 3,000 copies
and make a profit. Major 's can 't afford to do that so they have to play a higher risk game by
investing tens of thousands and hoping to sell hundreds of thousands of records. This causes them
problems but can also create the sort of exposure for artists which can be harder to achieve for
independents (with some exceptions). The major 's have global infrastructure and reach which is
enviable in some respects.
The digital revolution is pushing prices down. For us, we have always had to compete with piracy so
are used to it but the majors had some very good years in the 70s, 80s, 90s so must have had to
economise as a result of digital. Digital sales now account for about 20% of our sales income and
are growing but physical sales are still strong. The main negative effect on us has been the demise of
record shops and then distributors which makes it harder to continue the traditional methods of
selling music.
Things like Last Fm, Spotify etc will change things even more – Spotify is a kinda terrifying
prospect from a label perspective but as a consumer it sounds very interesting.
Another interesting idea is what Nine Inch Nails did – offering different price tiers for different
levels of product – ie $300 for a deluxe package for uber fans, whilst some tracks are given away for
free
(and other levels in between)

Every solidified Record

Spotify Impact
Streaming has had a massive impact on the the music industry within the last few years. One of the
most well–known impacts for the music industry, was the launch of Spotify in 2008, which has
changed the way people listen to music ever since. It has been argued that Spotify do not pay out
fairly to artists but this can also be argued to be due to bad contract deals with record companies.
There are many recognizable examples of why mainstream artists are against music streaming, Lady
Gaga claimed she only earned £108 from one million listens in 2010. Spotify is a legal service and
pays to license songs from all major record labels and although Spotify pays royalties for all the
listening that occurs on their service, they distribute nearly 70% of revenues back to the right
holders, such as; publishers, distributors and the independent artists themselves. Therefore, as
reported by the Independent (Brown, 2012) "if you calculate the minimum US monthly wage of
$1,160 an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As explained by Spotify officials, "they work around the basis that the more users they get, the more
money they can pay out" (Knopper, 2014). Along with Spotify there are many more streaming sites,
such as Tidal and Apple Music. Most recently, singer Adele has not allowed her latest album '25'
available on many streaming services but it is still expected to be the best–selling album of the year.
Adele stated she would have allowed streaming services to the new album, if it was restricted to pay
but Apple refused to do this. It can be debated that mainstream artists are restricting their music
being put on streaming sites due to business or just taking a stand. By artists not streaming their
music, sites such as iTunes have a rise on their digital sales. Any retailer prefers this as it is
"Encouraging more people to buy then to stream" (Shaw,

State Of The Current Music Industry
Table of Contents
Table of Figures 2
Introduction – State of the Current Music Industry 3
The Music Streaming Industry 6
Porter's 5 Forces Analysis 10
The Way forward for Deezer 10
References 12
Table of Figures
Figure 1 Share of Industry Revenues (IFPI, 2015) 3
Figure 2 Global Digital revenues by Sector (IFPI, 2015) 4
Figure 3 Flow chart showing the change in the way music is distributed with the entrance of new
actors such as streaming services (Oestricher & Kuzma, 2009) 6
Figure 4 digital Music industry Value Chain showing 7
Figure 5 Sources of value creation in e– Business (Bjorn, 2010) (R & C, 2001) 8
Figure 6 Deezer UK pricing plans as of 01 November 2015 (Deezer, 2015) 9 Introduction – State of
the Current Music Industry
With the advances in technology and increase in internet broadband availability (The Broadband
Commision, 2014), record labels are being forces to innovate and update their business models
(M.Coz & Torres, 2013) to keep up with the latest technology (Solis, 2015). Of these technologies,
the move away from physical sales (of music) to Digital sales is the most significant. Digital sales
have increased over the last 6 years (as shown in Table 1) in terms of revenues, and this is set to
carry on this way in the future (Solis, 2015). Table 1 Global Digital Revenues (IFPI, 2015)
Digital Music for the first time are now equal to those of traditional physical sales accounting for
46% of the music industry revenues with Performance rights making

Castle Made Of Sand : America 's Recording Industry
Castle Made of Sand: America's Recording Industry In recent decades, the music industry as a
whole has undergone transformative change. From the introduction of the compact disc, to the rise
of iTunes and digital downloads, to the current emergence of streaming services, the way that artists
produce music and deliver it to consumers has been radically altered in the past 20 years. As record
labels' stranglehold on the talent search and product distribution side of the music industry subsides,
streaming services such as Spotify and Soundcloud have become the preeminent distributors of new
music. Their emergence has had a negative financial impact on the artists that drive an industry that
has for years been one of America's largest. Services like Spotify and Soundcloud are erasing the
role of record labels in the distribution process, assuming that role themselves while paying small
royalty fees to artists and labels for the right to stream to large subscriber bases that typically make
use of free memberships. Due to the small number of paid subscribers accessing these services,
industry revenue has dropped below $7 billion per year for the first time since record keeping began
in 1973 (Seidenberg/Podgers). However, record labels are beginning to reach agreements with these
services, ensuring that the labels themselves will continue to profit, and leaving the musician to
suffer. And while these services do offer outlets and avenues for new artists to be discovered, the

Protecting Ideas with Copyright
Every process born on an idea. Here is when most organizations have their origins.
Like every production process, music production is protected from the idea to distribution and
sharing. Let's start from 'songwriting and composition'. ¹According to the law, the lyrics that are
written by a songwriter are considered literary works and protected by copyright. Copyright is the
right owned by the creative artist to utilize or let use his composition by whoever needs with the
proper established agreements.
Written lyrics represents 1/3 of copyrights ownership as well as musical composition and
arrangement. We could see the backing chord and its progression used in the song as its arrangement
and the melody line as its composition. Only if the artist creates every part of the song he is intitled
to own 100% of song rights. Them are split into three parts if songwriter, composer and arranger are
different persons; Can be even split into several parts if other organizations are involved. But who
and what protects copyright?
It was initially limited to literary works and gradually moved to music and other art works.
However, it was the very first British Statue that set copyright in the UK, according to which
whoever intended to copy, print or share an art work made by someone else, had to obtain author's
consense ; but only in the following ' North
German Confederation ' constitution ( Shutz des geistigen Eigentums ) in1867 , was given a

The Digital Age in Music: How Advancements in Technology...
The Digital Age in Music: How Advancements in Technology are Re–shaping the Industry Michael
Martin Monmouth University Abstract The ever–changing landscape of music distribution, due to
constant advancements in technology, is sometimes hard to keep up with for artist, producer, and
consumer alike. New editions of textbooks in Music Business classes are issued each year, and
changes are made in the industry before the semester is even over. Because of this, it is vital for the
industry to not only not only be aware of what is currently going happening, but also be able to
foresee the direction that the music business is heading in. In this aspect, it seems that we are at a
turning point where consumers and artists are taking ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is a brilliant and established man who was recently suggested for the Rock 'n Roll Hall of Fame,
and his knowledge of the industry up to this point is boundless. But we are at a turning point in our
culture, and its affects are making those like my professor part of a dying breed. Soon his course
will be taught through a completely different lens, with digital media at the foreground of each
lesson. To fully understand our digital culture, one must first get a firm grasp on the situation at
hand, and then look to the future to predict how our changes today will affect tomorrow. Summary
of Literature The main aspect of change in music distribution, which almost all of the new studies of
the genre are incorporating, lies in digital distribution. One way that this is changing the face of the
industry is how it allows "local" bands to spread their music across a much wider audience than
would normally be possible. One article, titled "Local musicians building global audiences: Social
capital and the distribution of user–created content on– and off–line", deals with this such change.
Building upon existing work regarding interactive online content creation, this article examines
local–level music production and distribution to demonstrate how musicians cultivate audiences
through social capital that is exchanged both on– and off–line. More importantly, it examines how
they do this digitally to build an

The Effect of Social Media and the Digital Age on New and...
Social Media and Music: The Effect of Social Media and the Digital Age on New and Independent
Artists
Traditionally, artists have had to beat down the doors of big name record companies to get their
records heard in the hopes of getting a recording contract. Social media pervades all aspects of
youth culture functioning as a one–stop shop for popular culture. At any time the trending topics on
Twitter range from the latest news or a character from a popular television show.
With the growing popularity of social media, artists are well equipped for success in a digital age
using non–traditional methods. Sites like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Spotify and iTunes, make
music accessible to anyone with an Internet connection. Social Media ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The way that artists communicate on social networks like Twitter can reinforce their brand and the
image that artist wants to project. Social media also gives new and upcoming artists a greater chance
of being discovered. YouTube, Twitter, Bandcamp and Soundcloud are really effective tools for new
artists to share their music and to build a fan base. Justin Bieber's career is a great example of the
influence of social media. Beiber started with a few videos on YouTube and was noticed by
producer Scooter Braun. At the peak of YouTube's popularity, Bieber posted several videos and
before long, had over 10 million views and was signed by Usher and Island Def Jam. Currently,
Justin Bieber is the top trending topic on Twitter. Bieber still uses Twitter to interact with his fans,
announcing appearances and tour dates.
Artists will get the most out of social networks by taking advantage of the services they offer and
still pursue some routes artists traditionally take. The present state of the industry promotes
competition within the industry because there is so much music out there and so much of it is
available for free. However, the influence of social media presents a great opportunity for artists to
pursue a career in the music industry, generating their own revenue through tours and digital sales.
In this age, there is a greater incentive for artists to start independent careers because they can make
money by

Current Situation of Sony Entertainment
Facts and Starting points for Sony Music Entertainment
Chapter 1: Mission, Vision Core Competences
Mission
Sony BMG does not have a publicized mission statement. However, the mother company Sony has
changed its mission statements several times in history, whereas it is the following:
''To become a leading global provider of networked consumer electronics, entertainment and
services.''
(Sony 2010)
Vision
Equal to the mission, SONY BMG does not have a publicized vision. The general vision of Sony is:
''We Help Dreamers Dream,
Sony is a company dedicated to the love of life. We develop things for any kind of imagination. We
develop Products that stimulate the senses and refresh the spirit and create ideas that always surprise
and never ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* Launch of VEVO * 8 of top 20 global albums in 2009 * Increased market shar through psychical
sales strong demand of new releases and catalogue albums * Susan Boyle – I dreamed a dream *
Michael Jackson – This is it * Ikimono– Gakari – Hajimari no Uta
Sony Music Entertainment 2011
Decrease in Sale * Due to negative impact of the appreciation of the yen against the U.S. Dollar,
especially strong performance of Michael Jackson product in the previous fiscal year and a
continued contraction of the physical music market.
Increase in Operating Income * Due to decreases in marketing, restructuring and overhead costs
SWOT Analysis
Strengths
–Very popular artist base.

–More than 750,000 copyrights on songs.
–Strong online service.
–Ability to cross sell with other Sony products.
–Many 360 deals with artists including management rights.
–Are able to fully utilize the fox tail effect with their many labels
Weakness
–Try and make money by selling to consumers.
–Bad reputation for suing people who dl illegally.
–Depend on third parties to be vendors for them.
–Slow to adopt new policies to increase public image.
–Lack of innovation
Opportunities
–Sony Entertainment Network streaming.
–More sponsorships for tours.
–Higher distribution through SEN.
–Digital Market
–Public image.
–More intimate interaction with customers.
–Full

Punk Rock And Punk Music
In the 70s and 80s punk music emerged. It was a style that was derived from rock music, and
similarly to rock, it defied hierarchies. However, punk rock defied hierarchies in a more extremist
level than how rock did it, it promoted anarchy, which means that it was against any type of
government (Davies 1–2), Most people can probably recognize the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the
Ramones, as the most popular bands. The Sex Pistols only lasted three years as a band and recorded
only one album, but they are the ones that caused a bigger impact, since they were the
personification of punk rock. For example, the Sex Pistols protested against the Queen of England in
many of their songs. In the 90s punk evolved into other styles, such as alternative and grunge, that
still hold liberal ideals but not as extremist as punk rock. In the 00s and present society musicians
still use their music as a way of protest of towards authority, voicing and uniting the oppressed. But
even though they do support similar ideals, they don 't express them at with the same aggressiveness
and extremism that punk rock possessed. There have been many other movements in addition to the
ones I have mentioned, one of the most recent ones took place in Egypt. Mark LeVine, author of
"Music and the Aura of Revolution", informs us that "[t]unisian rapper El Général (born Hamada bin
(Amr) and Egyptian singer Ramy Essam are two of the most well–known examples of how music
has challenged the social,

Declining Record Sales: Who Is to Blame?
The music recording industry is in trouble. For several years now, sales of new and popular music
have steadily declined and show no sign of changing. The record companies are quick to blame the
growing popularity of the Internet; music is being traded in a digital form online, often
anonymously, with the use of file–sharing programs such as Morpheus, KaZaA, and Imesh, to name
a few. The RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) succeeded in disbanding the pioneer
Internet file–sharing program, Napster, but is facing confrontation with similar programs that are
escaping American copyright laws. While there is an obvious connection between declining popular
music sales and increasing file sharing, there is more going on than the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This has had a much larger impact on retails than one may think. "Big discount chains like Wal–
Mart and K–Mart have seen their stocks tumble or remain stagnant in recent years, while others, like
Bradlees have filed for bankruptcy protection" (Jeffrey). A recent article in Rolling Stone reviews
the year 2002 in terms of the music business. "At the close of a dismal year for the music industry,
sales were down thirteen percent, layoffs and roster cuts were imminent at many labels, and major
record–store chains were struggling to survive" (Eliscu, 2002 's Music, 11). The following graph
from that article illustrates the difference in top selling albums of recent years.
2000 Top Selling Albums 2002 Top Selling Albums
‘Nsync – No Strings Attached
9.9 million Eminem – The Eminem Show
7.4 million
Eminem – The Marshall Mathers LP
7.9 million Nelly – Nellyville
4.8 million
Britney Spears – Oops! I Did it Again
7.9 million Avril Lavigne – Let Go
3.9 million
Creed – Human Clay
6.6 million Dixie Chicks – Home
3.4 million
The difference is evident. At the number one spot, Eminem sold 2 million less copies in 2002 than
‘Nsync did in the same slot only two years earlier. Eminem 's top selling album in 2002 was
outsold by the top three selling albums of 2000, and the difference between the number one and the
number two selling albums in 2002 is nearly 3 million, compared to 2000 's top two spread of two
million. This chart also exhibits an artist

Should We Listen For Music?
In the years since then we've all– adapted and evolved as consumers and corporations must. We are
all perpetually available. I now speak for an 'unlimited' amount of minutes daily with no surcharge,
wherever I may find myself. More likely then not, I (along with the, "44% of us who report using
our smartphones to listen to music in a typical week") might instead be texting while streaming a
movie or song or perhaps downloading files to review on the small computer (aka smart phone) I
carry around in my pocket. According to Neilson's annual study of music listeners, "91% of the
national population listens to music, spending more than 24 hours each week tuning into their
favorite tunes." (cite)
We listen to music and we continue to listen to a lot of it. While Americans streamed more than 164
billion on–demand tracks across audio and video platforms in 2014, they streamed 135 billion in the
first half of 2015 alone – up more than 90% from the same period last year.
The advance of the internet has affected almost every industry and the music business is no
exception. When people reference the music business we might first think they are speaking only of
record labels. The music business however is a bit more expansive of a definition. "The music
industry consists of the companies and individuals that make money by creating and selling live
music performances, sound recordings and music videos of songs and instrumental pieces." (Cite)
Over the past decade you may have heard

Personal Narrative: A Career As A Music Producer
From the day we're in our mother's stomachs, to the day we die, we have always been listening to
music. For me, listening to music all my life helped me develop a passion for it. When I was around
the age of 6 my dad introduced me into the world of Rock. The very first band I remember listening
to was System of a Down and ever since then, I fell in love with rock music and all its possible
variations; for a long time this was all I listened to. It wasn't until high school that I started listening
to all sorts of genres and realized that I wanted to have a career in the music industry. That's when I
learned about producing music. A music producer has many different jobs, of course the most
important being to help make the music. They help make sure the artist is on time to their recording
sessions and that they are happy with the way things are sounding and other things like that. Another
big part of a music producer's job is always looking for new talent to help develop and improve to
eventually get them to sign to the label they work for. They also have to always be working with
radio broadcasters and record ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The people who do want to be a music producer do research with many different things in order to
help them develop a greater understanding of what goes into this career. The pay range for a
producer can be anywhere from twenty thousand to over a million dollars a year. The pay can also
vary based on what artists you work with. The more popular the artist, the more money they may be
willing to pay for your help. A popular producer right now would be Metro Boomin, he has helped
artists such as Drake, Future, 21 Savage, and many other artists such as these. Through working
with these artists, he has been able to obtain publicity which has helped him work with other artists
in the

Essay Mp3: A Boundary or a Bridge?
This is a revised version of MP3. Theoriginal Sucked ass so I took some liberties with it so as not to
get an F. This one should be much better......
Mp3: A Boundary or a Bridge?
One of the newest, most exciting and innovative ways to get music these days is not in the mall and
not at a huge mega–sized electronic store, it's not even by a mail order CD club. It's the computer. It
sits conveniently on a desk and now allows access to every imaginable genre of music, twenty–four
hours a day, rain or shine, snow or sleet, in the comfort of your own home. Technology is changing
the way we listen to music. Now downloading a Mp3 from the Internet is a lot easier than going to
the store and buying an overpriced CD. A near CD quality digital ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What most people don't realize is that the reproduction of a musical work, distribution of copies of a
musical piece, and the public performance of the work without the copyright owner's consent are all
violations of copyright laws. However, they do know that getting caught is very unlikely. Catching
people who violate copyright laws is difficult unless they are participating in the large digital
distribution of the music. We must ask if it is the web site promoting the pirated music or if it is the
specific user who downloads it?
Robinson 2
The reason I bring this up is because this could be the biggest thing to happen to music since the
record. With Mp3's come probably thousands of artists that no longer have to wait for an agent,
scout or label to pick them up. Through the Internet they will be able run their own label and no
longer need the support of a big record company to distribute their music. Thousands if not millions
of artists on the net, (including my own band Nowhere Fast @ www.gonowherefast.com) are
already doing this. Some even have clubs online where you pay a fee to get in much like a cover at a
bar and you get to hear the music of all the bands that are playing at that club that night.
Understandably, this scares major record companies and has them all worried that in a few years
they will be looking for new jobs. What would a world void of record

Al Al Salad Sal
Salvatore Taormina
April 1, 2015
Professor White Beyonce Case
Beyonce and Parkwood Entertainment really outdid themselves by releasing the surprise album
Beyonce. The fifth studio album from the music icon was released on December 13, 2013 by her
own music label Parkwood Entertainment and Columbia Records.The digital download only was
well worth the gamble as sales were well beyond projections. With gambling comes risk, risk
including pissing of the distributors, not being able to advertize the album, and technical glitches.
The retailers that put her album in the stores may refuse to put her album in the stores if it is
digitally released first. Accordint to Callahan–Longo of Parkwood he states " We know the retailers
are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To not be overlooked is the power, wealth, and idolization status Beyonce has. To many other artists
this is a major risk, but for an established artist the risk was limited.
In the end I believe Columbia Records made one of the best decisions to support Beyonce for this
album. When Columbia signed for 50% of the costs and 50% of the revenue they clearly knew that
the revenue would outweigh the costs, and they were right. Although the risks were there Columbia
was willing to take them. With other artists signed like One Direction, J. Cole, Adele, and The Script
Columbia Records was also able to take on these risks. As I mentioned earlier this deal set the stage
for Columbia records to continue to work with Beyonce in the future by showing they believed in
her vision. This brought more business and attracted more artists to sign with Columbia records.
One thing I would have changed if I were apart of Columbia records is the timing of the release
dates for the digital and physical copy. I would have insisted on releasing the digital copy on a
Friday and then put the physical album out on a Monday. This could allow retailers to play a role in
the album process. The retailers virtually played no role for the release of Beyonces album, because
they refuse to put the album in stores. On the other side it would give fans more of a choice on
whether to purchase the digital or physical. Overall I think the deal was well

The Music Distribution Model : Oliver Small
Music Distribution In his article about the music distribution model, Oliver Small describes a
paradox that has emerged in the music industry within the last ten years: "consumers are listening to
music more than ever, yet profits from the sale of recorded music continue to decline" (42). The
2000s in the music industry was a rough time for labels and artists economically due to the various
online file sharing and streaming services that have become available to the public. Now that
consumers are able to hold thousands of songs in the palm of their hands using iPhones, iPods, and
other portable MP3 players, the desire for access to music has increased tremendously. Before the
digital era, the various forms of music distribution outlets followed the constantly changing path of
production technology. When phonograph cylinders and gramophone discs were invented, they did
not sell as well as record companies thought they would. This was partly due to the fact that they
were extremely easy to make, and many different companies competed against each other,
constantly lowering prices. The introduction of the radio in 1922 was responsible for many of the
companies that sold these records to go out of business. Even though radio quality was not as good
as the records, the public was still attracted to the special programs and networks that were
broadcasted (Fountoukidis 220). Record companies made their comeback during the World War II
period. Durable vinyl discs filled with

Essay about The music industry-globalizing in many ways
Edi K.
THE MUSIC INDUSTRY – GLOBALIZING IN MANY WAYS
The music industry is in a time of growth at this very moment. The environment for its growth has
been increasing rapidly on many geographical boundaries and has been established through
information technology and Internet. In this paper I will analyze how the music industry not only
has been affected by Globalization as an economic institution but also that it has become a
worldwide–globalized commodity. First, I will begin by analyzing how the music industry, though
its consumption is not a necessity, it is affected by large economic factors and has become a large
Music Market. Furthermore I will analyze how the music market has globalizing tendencies ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
International Survey Of Music Publishing Revenues. New York: NMPA.)
The popular music industry in the late 1990s was dominated by a small number of integrated
corporations with headquarters in Europe, the United States and Japan. This music market starts
simply with an artist and moves along through many steps to the consumer. Everything has its start
when a musician presents his music to a music manager, and if he/she finds the music promising, a
contract is signed between the two, recordings are made and a marketing plan is drafted for the

The Sound and Music Industry
ASSIGNMENT TITLE:
The Sound and Music Industry Reference No:
Dennis Tuckerman
Tutor: Adam Morris Assessor:
Date Set:
10/09/07 Completion Date:
18/11/07 Learning Hours: 60
Unit no
Unit Title(s): This project assesses the following module Outcome(s)/Assessment Criteria:
39 The Sound and Music Industry 1
Assignment BRIEF:
This assignment will introduce different areas of the music industry and should on completion,
provide an overview of the ‘bigger picture ' of the industry as a whole.
This essay is split into (a) areas (b) careers and (c) royalties but there is obviously a lot of overlap
between these areas throughout.
Hunter S Thompson said of the record industry ‘It is a cruel and shallow money trench, a long ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also in this modern digital age there are no other routes available via the Internet whereby the
whole Record Company bit can be bypassed; smaller acts are building up a following by doing live
gigs and home studio recordings and then building up their fan base on websites such as FaceBook,
MySpace, 2ndLife, BroadJam and releasing their music as pay for downloads freeing them up from
the costly recording and distribution process. These acts are also looking after their own Music
Publishing as well, keeping a bigger share of any eventual royalties (these are discussed in depth
later in this essay). Huge bands such as RadioHead are also jumping on to the Internet bandwagon,
releasing their latest album as ‘pay what you think it is worth '; this is discussed in more detail
under the Marketing area of the Industry.
1. Music Publishing:
Once an artist/group has written a song they have created 2 distinct components (a) the lyrics and
(b) the music or musical score/notation – i.e. the melody that accompanies that song, unless
obviously it is an instrumental (e.g. The Shadows). The song could be co–written by different

members of the band, or the lyrics written by a pure songwriter (who doesn 't perform as a musical
act) for a band who then perform the songwriter 's work; or someone else writes

The Music Industry and Technology: Changing the Way the...
In this day and age the music industry is constantly developing, especially with the new discovery of
technology; changing the way the world listens and shares music. These developments, in turn, have
both positive and negative effects on musicians who are desperate to make it in the music business.
One of the most pinnacle developments in the past two years has been the use of Online distribution
and how it allows unsigned artists to promote themselves. Online distribution has 'brought about
radical and unprecedented changes in the music industry' (digitaldownloader, 2011); 'sparked by
new technologies and Internet use distributing music as a digital good' (Bockstedt, Kauffman,
Riggins, 2004) as opposed to physical. The internet has played a major part in the development of
distribution due to its 'ubiquity and immediacy' that 'provides a huge, frictionless environment to
match buyers with sellers' (Parikh, 1999). Fitzpatrick describes the internet as 'a powerful vehicle
for discovering not just information, but media, too' (Fitzpatrick, 2010) and with the up rise of
countless websites that have been specially designed to advertise and sell music, more and more
artists' are utilizing the internet to both distribute and promote their craft.
Bandcamp, iTunes, Reverb Nation, Soundcloud and Spotify are but a few online distributers that are
there for artists who want to promote themselves to the online world. As an unsigned musician,
these sites are vital for creating a

The Censorship of Art Essay example
The Censorship of Art While the censorship of art is not a new phenomenon, recent years have
witnessed renewed and intensified attempts to control popular culture. In particular, rap and rock
music have come under increasing attack from various sides representing the entire left and right
political spectrum, purportedly for their explicit sexual and violent lyrical contents. In this paper is
investigated which moral codes underlie these claims against popular music, how social movements
mobilize actions around these claims, and the way in which they are manifested in mechanisms of
control targeted at rap and rock music. Moreover, I explore how the performers and fans of these
musical styles have in turn articulated counter–claims, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was shocked to find out that one of the songs on the album, "Darling Nikki", contained a
reference to female masturbation. The same Prince song was also listened to by the daughter of
free–lance journalist Kandy Stroud, who was shocked to discover that her daughter was exposed to
"unabashedly sexual lyrics" (Stroud 1985:14). Around the same time, Susan Baker, wife of former
Treasury Secretary and White House Chief of Staff James Baker, overheard her 7–year old child
sing along to "Like a Virgin" by Madonna, which lead her to realize "what's going on in pop music"
(quoted in Roldan 1987:223). Also around the same time, Pam Howar, wife of a wealthy
construction executive, noticed the lyrical contents of the songs she was dancing to during her
aerobics classes, and discovered that her daughter was listening to the same kind of music over
breakfast. In April of 1985 the concerned parents, together with Sally Nevius, wife of former
Washington D.C. council chairman John Nevius, and Ethelynn Stuckley, wife of former
Congressman Williamson Stuckley, joined forces: on May 13, 1985, they formed the non–profit,
tax–exempt organization Parents Music Resource Center. Under the Presidency of Pamela Howar,
the PMRC compiled a mailing list to appeal to similarly concerned parents and to raise money. Soon
after its formation, affiliates of the PMRC included several U.S. Congressmen and Representatives.
On the same day of the PMRC's

Audio Mixing
The role of the record company is to nurture, promote, and distribute music around the world.
According to www.manta.com, there are approximately seventy–two recording studios and ten
record companies in Mississippi. Even when songs are perfectly written and arranged in their final
form, the creative process continues through the use of music production.
Before an artist records, it is a good idea to prepare the track for the addition of vocals. If your
session has a lot of plug–ins and effects running live, adding a real–time vocal is likely to strain your
computer heavily as the artist want the session to run smoothly, minimize the risk of computer's
CPU overloading by bouncing down a stereo backing track of your song. Then, open this ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They visualize and imagine the end result, so they must be able to listen, experiment, and explore all
aspects of music. Since producers can have a diverse set of skills, there are several potential roles
they can play. Though not exclusive, some of these role play in effect of the music industry.
Recording Engineer is the person in charge of the technical aspects of recording and mixing tracks.
Composer is the person who writes and directs original music. Music Arranger is the person who
collaborates and works for an artist to make the recorded version of the artist's song(s). Musician is
the person who performs the instrumental or vocal part of a track. Music Manager is the person in
charge of making sure the album gets produced; from hiring the right people to getting the job done
and making sure all deadlines are met. Remixer is the person who takes parts from a recording to
make a new version The Mentor passively follows and helps an artist make decisions on their

Musci Industry Pest
1.0 Introduction
The marketing department of a record label plays a large part in portraying an artists' image to its
fan base and the music industry. Once an artist has produced their music and is ready to be made
public, it is up to the marketing department to make sure that it is made available in all media
formats. This is done solely through a range of distribution and promotion campaigns.
This case will look at the current situation of the music industry and analyse the effect the new
technologies and the digital world are having on record labels and artists. Firstly by looking at a
micro and macro environmental view point using various analysis models a better understanding can
be made of the music industry in its current state. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example the evolution of digital radio stations (Digital Audio Broadcasters (DAB)) has lead to
the evolution of DAB ripping. (Appendix 3). The likes of Apple are being restricted by having their
music offerings only available on iPod players, and therefore believe by having copyright protection
removed by record labels, there can be a better turnover for all parties involved. (Appendix 13). The
current traditional method of record labels is that they keep the copyrights of artists' recordings,
which generally leads to the record label being profitable and the artists breaking even. (Appendix
7). A new possible method of keeping the music industry profitable may be by legalising file sharing
and giving artists / bands control over their own music. (Therefore working with a collapsed
copyright system.) (Appendix 7).
2.1.2 Economic Factors There are more methods of opportunities for artists / bands to both increase
revenue and exposure, through CDs, digital downloads ringtones, concerts, TV shows, and video
games. (Appendix 7). Concert ticket sales have increased immensely over recent years and have
become major events in an artists / bands diary. (Appendix 7). A recent revision by the American
President of the tax code has made it easier for intellectual property to be sold in the US, which
therefore means that another possible method of development for the music industry can be through
making

The Impact Of Internet On The Music Industry
Introduction:
The music industry consists of the companies and individuals that make money by creating and
selling music (Wikipedia). The current music industry which emerged around the middle of the 20th
century has been undergoing drastic changes for the past two decades. When the Internet, and peer–
to–peer file–sharing services such as Napster, Kazaa and Limewire, began their rise at the turn of the
millennium, many predicted that the music industry, among other entertainment sectors, was headed
for impending doom and catastrophic losses in sales. To some degree, and for the first few years,
these predictions seemed to become a reality as record sales fell drastically at least partially due to
piracy. However, as technological change continues at a rate never before seen, the impact of the
Internet has been expanded well beyond illegal downloading to include fundamentally different
ways of distributing, promoting and marketing music.
Digital Capabilities, Technologies & Innovations: (We can elaborate on all these) Internet Recording
Software, websites
Youtube
Music Streaming
Internet Radio itunes Apps (Spotify, Pandora)
Blog
Social Media
Value Creation: (for business & customers)
There is no doubt that the landscape of the music industry has undergone a significant
transformation since the turn of the millennium due to technological change. The record companies
have partially lost a hold of the control that once allowed them to keep prices for music, and their
profits,

The Is A Latin American Female Singer / Songwriter With...
Our artist is a Latin American female singer/songwriter with the goal to be a successful international
artist. Our label will focus on her, not the entire band. She was born in Brazil and moved to New
York when she was four years old. Her primary fan base would be communities in Southern parts of
the United States such as Texas and Miami. She will perform in Latino venues and big cities like
New York and Los Angeles. She will work and collaborate with famous producers and artists as
well. Each department of the label will try to make her success.
We can divide the music industry structure into three factors as production, distribution, and
consumption. It is not too much to say that distribution is the most important factor in the music ...
45% of recorded music sales came from record stores and 53% from other channels such as mass
merchants, Amazon.com, and mail order in 1999 at the peak of the CD era. Digital music market
was not a real factor yet. Years later, the distribution landscape has been changed into the delivery
formats. Physical format (mainly CDs) and digital downloads or streaming services became two
main ways of distribution to the marketplace. Digital music became a key channel for distribution
since the early 2000s. Apple launched iTunes online store in 2003, and it changed everything. This
is a monumental year for world music industry because global digital revenues exceeded physical
record revenues for the first time. As a digital music service, streaming is the biggest issue in the
music industry today. Digital music streaming has grown with the improvement of mobile
communications and the spread of smartphones. Consumers got used to use streaming service rather
than download for various contents including music and videos. In 2014, overall global recorded
music revenues were $14.97 billion. Digital music revenues (46%) took the same proportion with
physical format revenues (46%). Digital revenues including streaming were $6.85 billion and
physical format revenues including CDs and vinyl records were $6.82 billion. It was the first time
that global digital sales drowned out physical format sales. Download took 52% and subscription
streaming service took 23% of the total

Hi Hi Hi
Nothing Was The Same
Tuscan Leather Furthest Thing Started From The Bottom Wu–Tang Forever Own It Worst
Behavior From Time Hold On, We're Going Home Connect The Language 305 To My City Too
Much Pound Cake/Paris Morton Music 2 Come Thru All Me The Motion
1.Tuscan Leather
(A. Graham, A. Palman, N. Shebib, D. W. Foster, L. Thompson–Jenner)
Sandra Gale / EMI Music Publishing (ASCAP), Sandra Gale / EMI Music Publishing (ASCAP),
Mavor & Moses Inc. / Kobalt (ASCAP), Warner–Tamerlane Publishing Corp (BMI), Songs Of
Universal. Produced by Noah "40" Shebib for Evdon Music Inc. Recorded by Noah Shebib and
Noel Cadastre for Evdon Music Inc. Assisted by Luke Leveille, Jeff Crake, Miguel Scott and John
Nettlesbey. Recorded at Noble Street ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assisted by Luke Leveille and Noel Cadastre. Recorded at Noble Street Studios, Toronto, ON.
Mixed by Noel "Gadget" Campbell for T.O. Music Group / Evdon Music Inc. at Studio 306,
Toronto, ON. All instruments by Noah Shebib. Contains elements of "Loss Config" performed by
Zodiac Beats. Used by Permission. Contains elements of "It's Yours" written by Coles, Diggs,
Hawkins, Hunter, Woods, Baldursson, Bjoerklyn, Koduletsch and published by Universal Music–
Careers (BMI), Wu–Tang Publishing Inc. (BMI), VGM Salaoul (ASCAP). Used by permission.
5.Own It
(A. Graham, A. Palman, N. Fisher, A. Proctor, N. Shebib)
Sandra Gale / EMI Music Publishing (ASCAP), Sandra Gale / EMI Music Publishing (ASCAP),
EMI Blackwood Music o/b/o Itself If You Need Me, Don't Leave Me (BMI), The Order Of Music
Publishing / Warner Tamerlane Publishing Corp. (BMI), Mavor & Moses Inc. / Kobalt (ASCAP).
Composed by Detail. Additional Production by Noah "40" Shebib for Evdon Music Inc. Recorded
by Detail, Noah Shebib and Noel Cadastre. Assisted by Gregg Moffet and Travis Sewchan.
Recorded at Metalworks Studios, Mississagua, ON. The G.O Studio, Sante Clarita, CA. Mixed by
Noel "Gadget" Campbell for T.O. Music Group / Evdon Music Inc. at Studio 306, Toronto, ON.
Background Vocals by PARTYNEXTDOOR. Additional keys by Noah Shebib. Contains excerpts
from Kenza Samir, used by permission. PARTYNEXTDOOR appears courtesy of OVO Sound /
Warner.
6.Worst Behavior
(A. Graham, A. Palman, D. Natche, N. Fisher)

Company Structure And Leadership Team
2.0) Company Description
2.1 Company Structure and Leadership Team
Devotion Music Group, is an independent record label and music group registered as a Limited
Liability Company in the state of Minnesota. Owner: Omar Blanco–Valentin, 100% Company
Ownership
Mission Statement – Pledged to transform the music industry by remaining devoted to fostering
talent together with achieving the ambition of revitalizing and restructuring a weakened industry.
Business Philosophy – As a team, we progress with a strong tie with both our neighbor and ethics;
we provide patrons with emotions, experiences, engagements and exclusiveness; and we develop,
care and feed our artist's fan base.
Vision Statement – Become the team who changes the worldwide poor reputation of the
entertainment industry.
Business Model
Devotion Music Group places less emphases on the short–term return of hit singles, and targets
more energy in building careers that generate revenue over time. Recording artists are sought who
process strong performance factors; along with unique musical characteristics that drives their
vision. The label endorses an artist's creativity and furnishes the support necessary to create
nationwide headlines. Audiences are captured by creating recordings that grab attention. Compared
to Major Labels, who target hits, Devotion supplies the atmosphere, coaching and funding; allowing
artists to create great records and develop lifelong careers.
Start–Up Summary
Operations are

The Australian Music Scene Of Australia
The Australian Music Scene is on of the best and is growing. Even though it is far away from major
musical capitals such as America and the UK there is still a thriving live music scene in Australia.
There are many different cultures and genres that musicians play in Australia. With so many
festivals and gigs throughout the long summers, musicians love to come and play in Australia.
Australia has lots of great bands being exposed to the world. Triple J Unearthed is a great way of
exposing Indie and small bands to the whole of Australia. The latest Australian band to make it big
around the world is Tame Impala who won The Rolling Stone "Album of the Year" in 2010 for their
debut album and 2012 for their second album. Australia has quite ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This can be a hassle and quite hard if you haven't had much experience.
Touring in a band is a really good way to get known in different areas and not just your local pub.
Touring locally would be best for trying to get your name out there and gaining fans. Touring around
Australia would be appropriate for when you have quite a lot of fans over Australia. There is no
point booking a tour if no one will show up. You will lose a lot of money. Touring overseas will cost
a lot more than around Australia and is good for when you are known across different countries.
This would take a while to get to this status and would be best to use an agent for overseas bookings
and accommodation.
Artist managers are important for bands. They do many things for the band to help them; they take
care of the business side of things like contacting record companies. The manager makes sure that
everyone involved in the band is doing their job. The manager might be on the phone with a record
label asking about advertising campaigns or on the phone with an agent discussing upcoming gigs.
Tour managers make sure that tours go smoothly. They manage the tour finances, deal with ticketing
agencies and making sure everyone on tour is on task. They basically manage the people who are on
tour. In bigger bands the role of a Tour Manager might be split into three or four people.
A publishing company owns and administers copyrights

Analysis of the Music Industry
Music may be defined romantically as `the food of love ' (Shakespeare) or more prosaically as
`sound with particular characteristics ' (Wikipedia), but it is undeniably a `vibrant artform ' (Arts
Council England) and one which touches more people, in more ways, than any other art form.
In commercial terms, music certainly generates a higher market value than the other arts, although a
comprehensive market size for music in all its manifestations is impossible to calculate. Key Note
has put a value of £3.03bn on consumer spending on music in 2005, derived from three sectors:
recorded music (which accounts for the bulk of the market), live music and musical instruments.
However, data for other related markets are included, such as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Each chapter of the report starts with more detailed definitions and coverage.
For coverage of recorded music, Key Note is grateful to the statistics and commentary provided by
the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), detailed later in this chapter under Key Trade Associations.
For other sectors, an important component of the report is the field research into the attitudes and
buying habits of UK consumers with regard to music, conducted for Key Note by NEMS Market
Research specifically for this report.
Report Background
This is the first edition of a Market Review of the Music Industry published by Key Note. Although
coverage is targeted mainly at the UK market, the global aspects of the music industry are given full
acknowledgment. In particular, it is recorded music – by far the largest market by value – that has
evolved a global structure. Since 2004, it has featured just four `majors ' owning dozens of famous
labels and holding recording contracts (or back catalogues) for the vast majority of the world 's top–
selling recording artists.
The `big four ' major groups, including the UK 's own `home–grown ' giant, EMI Group PLC, also
own rights to publish and to license the majority of successful songs, theme music, etc. These rights
are increasingly important as the market moves towards a more fluid, ICT (information and
communications technology)

Marketing Analysis : Music Industry
EGRMGMT 590.06
Competitive Strategies
Team 4
Anuraag Mishra
Mani Ganesan
Vaibhavi Kulkarni
Zihe Meng
Dhaval Trivedi
Case 6: Music Industry
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
THE MUSIC INDUSTRY 1
INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN 1
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 2
DISTRIBUTION 4
RECORD LABELS 5
ARTISTS 5
TECHNOLOGY DISRUPTION 6
MEM RECORDS 8
MEM RECORDS VALUE CHAIN 8
VALUE PROPOSITION CANVAS 9
MARKET FORCES 10
PORTER'S 5 FORCES 10
ADDITIONAL FORCES AT PLAY 11
RECOMMENDATION 11
THREE HORIZON MODEL 11
HORIZON 1: 12
HORIZON 2: 12
HORIZON 3: 13
VALUE MIGRATION 13
DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION 14

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The music industry has been undergoing a massive disruption owing to the change in consumer
behavior with regards to how they consume music. As a result, the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
We have plotted the recommendations into value migration model to show value inflow and outflow.
Finally the strategy has to be executed without disrupting the current model, so we have discussed
the recommendations from a disruptive innovation framework as well.
THE MUSIC INDUSTRY
INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN Figure 1 – Value chain of music industry
In the music industry, the music moves through three major levels before reaching to consumers.
The first operational step is the creation of music, where songwriters compose music and artists
perform it, then label companies come in to record or manufacture the music. The next step is when
label companies establish promotional plans to market the music they create, including concert
plans, TV and broadcasting activities. Then the music has to be distributed through different
channels. Traditionally, music was primarily sold physically through retailers, large chain stores and
independent record stores. With digitalization phasing in, iTunes sales and online streaming has
gradually taken over the market. Customer relationships have become more dynamic, changing from
one–off purchases to more subscription–based service.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
There is a major shift in consumer sentiment toward experiencing live events rather than listening to
recorded songs from an album. From a business

Sony's Strategy Towards the Music Industry Essay
Introduction: The apparent Apparent? Is it or isn't it? Do you have an opinion? –Christopher Thacker
3/15/10 10:35 PM problem with Sony Music Entertainment is that they It not they. –Christopher
Thacker 3/15/10 10:36 PM are not planning anything to advance in the new digital music world.
Many former CD buyers are now easily downloading music online from Sony's competitors and
illegal downloading sites. Also, Sony's record label is practically unknown to the public, whether
people own its music or not. Says who? Is this according to your research? –Christopher Thacker
3/15/10 10:36 PM We have done research on the recent conditions of the company as well as the
online music industry to find examples of the public's shift ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
At the beginning of 2009, 65 percent of purchases in the music market was still attributed to CD
sales (Whitney, 2009). On the other hand, our other research has shown strong predictions that CD
purchases will continue to steadily decline in the future. This means that Sony needs to find other
ways to sell their music. Sony has had many opportunities to tap into the online music market, but
they don't seem aggressive enough in their attempts to become a strong competitor. One year ago,
Sony partnered up with Wind–Up Records with an ambition to stimulate their online sales with
computers and mobile phones (Digital Deal Expands Long–term Pertnership, 2009). This would
allow them to compete with iTunes and the iPhone made by Apple. It has been over a year since that
partnership was formed, and there is no indication of anything like that happening anytime soon.
Furthermore, HP computers will soon include a European digital music software and they want to
distribute Sony's music since they are one of the largest record labels in the world. Their computers
account for almost twenty percent of the international PC market, which would be a great digital
outlet for Sony's music (HP signs deal to take on iTunes, 2010) Review APA citations. –Christopher
Thacker 3/15/10 10:37 PM . But again, there have been no indications of those plans progressing
into anything. The operations may take a while, but Sony needs to act

Music Industry Research Paper
Music Industry: Independent vs. Major Record Label
Music is at our fingertips. We can turn on a radio or select a song on a menu and it chimes back at
you the melody of the song you selected. A man named Scott de Martinville of the 18th century was
fascinated by the way photographs preserved images, and he felt as if he could do the same with
sound. The invention of the phonograph was the beginning of the music industry. Musicians could
now use a machine to record their sounds and then publish and dis– tribute records. With records
came record labels, the leaders of the music business. Then just like everything else in a capitalist
country it became all about the money, rather than the music. The business aspect of music should
be based off of independent artistry in opposed to corporate wel– fare.
Ludwig van Beethoven one of the most talented, prolific, and remembered composers of all time
was an independent artist. One has to wonder, how did composers/musicians make their money 150
years before labels were established? Beethoven used the same methods as an inde– pendent artist
would today. He would do live performances on piano or composing a large or– chestra. These
performances would bring profit while expanding popularity just like modernized artists. Beethoven
also found profit in selling his sheet music, patronage, and being an instructor. This was the
unintentional start of independent music, and it continued to be this way until one man decided to
industrialize the

Compass Records
COMPASS RECORDS
BACKGROUND
Compass records is a small, independent music recording company and co–founded in 1994 by
musicians Alison Brown and Garry West. Compass is a new breed of roots–music label: eclectic,
sophisticated, and artist–friendly. It is called "one of the greatest independent labels of the last
decade" by Billboard Magazine, Compass Records has provided a thriving haven of creativity for
artists and a reliable beacon of quality for music fans. Its 2006 acquisition of the Green Linnet
catalog and the 2008 acquisition of the seminal Mulligan Records label has made Compass the place
to go for Celtic and roots music.
HISTORY
Alison Brown a Harvard graduate, record label co–founder and owner, mother, and, the role that ...
The record label did not pay any recording artist royalties until certain cost incurred in making and
promoting the album had been recouped.
Compass Record for instance often negotiated a 10 song per CD maximum for mechanicals which
capped the mechanical expense at $0.85 per sold CD. Recording artist royalties were not determined
statutorily but were negotiated between the artist and the record label and it based on the type of
contract. At Compass Record, the average recording artist royalty for an owned master recording
was $1.45 per unit sold whereas the royalty for a licensed recording was around $1.75 per sold unit.
Recording royalties were generally lower for produce and own contacts because the record label was
underwriting the expense of album production.
Production and Manufacturing
The cost of producing the recording would depend on the size of the project, the complexity of the
recording and the label of perfection desired. Compass Records incurred production cost that were
significantly lower than the major labels and even had an advantage over some other indie labels
because Brown and West had acquired a recording studio in May 2004. Compass Records might
spend between $15,000 and $25,000 to produce an album.
The manufacturing cost with included pressing the CD, Purchasing the standard jewel case and
others was about $0.70 per unit and $0.20 as an

Sony Music Entertainment Case Study
Founded in 1929, 88 years ago, the beginning of what is now considered entertainment history. Sony
Music Entertainment, also known as SME, is one the "Big Three" American music companies. As
one of the "Big Three," formerly known as American Record Corporation, SME has gone through a
number of name changes and acquired many acquisitions. In 2004, Sony and Bertelsmann
established a joint venture called Sony BMG Music Entertainment, joining together CBS Records
and BMG's Ariola, Arista, and RCA Records. In 2008, Sony acquired Bertelsmann's stake and
BMG's labels.
Sony Music Entertainment is the second largest record company after Universal Music Group and
before Warner Music Group. Although they have gained many assets, they have created so many of
their own. RED Distribution and RED Associate Label, now known as RED Music. After merging
RED Distribution with The Orchard, another SME label, and merging employees, we'll explore
where these labels have successfully and continuously gain market share, where they stand today in
the digital age, the employees, clients and consumers. Also, exploring the perspectives of well–
seasoned professionals, former Senior Vice President of RED Distribution, Alan Becker, RED
Music's President Bob Morelli, RED Music's Senior Vice President of Urban Promotions, Richard
Nash and Manager Curtis Dixon's and their managerial styles and experiences.
A distribution label's primary focus is to get recorded music to the hands of the consumer. Labels
typically make deals with distribution companies that give them the right to sell the product. RED
Distribution (Relativity Entertainment Distribution) LLC was Sony Music's owned sales and
marketing division but has since merged under Sony's The Orchard in 2017. The home of Stache
Media, the marketing and brand partnership agency that has now become RED Music.
Formerly known as RED Associated Labels, RED Music is a newly created artist development
division of RED Distribution. The RED Music label group signs direct deals with artist and supports
joint ventures, label imprints, a variety of label services that include new release set–up and
planning, as well as radio promotion and marketing throughout Sony Music. RED Music's artist

Copyright Framework Of The Music Industry
Copyright framework in the music industry
Intellectual property is the economic framework that underpins the British creative industry – music
being one of them. Copyright is the currency of that framework. It can provide an incentive to the
market to invest in brand new creative content, since every recording by an artist can be licensed for
a specific value in the United Kingdom and globally, hence generating a substantial balance of
export income for the UK. According to the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, the
Creative industries are the third biggest export industry for the UK, which makes the monarchy the
largest cultural economy in the world relative to GDP.
From a legal standpoint, copyright is governed by legislation, which is extracted from the national
law, as well as from the European Union law.
Although copyright can be financially beneficial for the turf, its infringement causes damage to the
music industry. Specifically, in a continuously developing digital environment, it is easier to acquire,
create, market and sell music. However, along with these improvements, there has arisen the
opportunity to unlawfully acquire music, and thus breach the law – concerned with a sector that is
committed to find solution to limit the damages caused by illegal download.
Copyright and royalty collection agencies commit its resources to detect the breaches of law, in
terms of copyright, and campaign for proportionate measures to help the rightsholders protect

The Rossafella Records Label Inc
Summary
The Rossafella Records Label (RRL) is an independent, multifaceted record label that aims to
produce high quality audio and visual entertainment to a diverse audience across both national and
international borders.
Located in Bondi, Sydney (NSW); RRL, will aim to capitalise on the growing music market across
the country by bringing talented local acts to the forefront of the Australian music scene by
allocating time and resources to their projects. In doing this it is of the best interest of both the
record label and of the individual artists, that a creative environment is established that will allow
for meaningful and innovative songwriting. This environment will include working with qualified
audio engineers, producers and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This approach will then create a more unbiased approached to scouting talent. Choosing bands or
artists that are ready for exposure by means of their musical expression instead of their stature
financially.
All services related to the mixing, engineering, and recording of music will be completed by a
professional audio engineer or producer of the RRL team. This allows the business to have
maximum efficiency of its capital, also promoting the idea of a familiar aesthetic associated with the
label. Whilst the sessions will be run explicitly by the RRL team, it has been chosen in an attempt to
both lower costs and also to branch out the audio networking, to hold all recordings at already
established studios such as 301, jungle and Linear studios. The Company will also hold a number of
promotional events by renting out large bars/clubs that will concurrently promote Rossafella
Records artists while generating a large stream of revenue for the business.
To achieve the goal of creating widely enjoyed audio entertainment, The RRL will engage in both
traditional and online marketing techniques to promote each artist, all of their tours, their album
sales as well as all online sales and merchandise sales. RRL will be the owner of all master sessions,
copyright licenses as well as other licenses for its products. This will ensure that RRL will be
rewarded with an immediate revenue stream whilst at the same

Digital Music Distribution: Napster Vs. Kazzaa Essay example
Over the past decade, since online music distribution networked its way into existence, the digital
music forefront has proven to be a precarious foray — companies have come in and out of the
market, utilizing a full spectrum of creative business models in attempts to lasso these newly
unleashed possibilities of online music distribution. Some offer distinctly legal solutions that
consumers are more or less resistant to and others hover ambiguously over the boundaries of
copyright law, attracting users through questionable means. Roxio's Napster 2.0 and Altnet's Kazaa
utilize two vastly different business models and, when compared, serve as a good illustration of the
contrasting approaches companies use to capture the frontier market of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Roxio sought to combine the highly identifiable Napster name, the infrastructure of Pressplay, and
the media services of their own software division to create a multifaceted, superior force in online
music distribution . Napster has licensing agreements with the five major record labels, and about
100 independents . Napster 2.0 currently offers a catalog of over 700,000 tracks , spanning all
genres of music, and provides users two distinct ways of accessing those tracks. One of those
methods is via a subscription model, where users pay a monthly fee of $9.95 to gain unlimited
access to all tracks available. However, the user never explicitly "owns" any of the tracks available
while exclusively paying for this service. The downloads are tethered meaning he or she only has
access to the songs while participating as a subscriber. However, if the user wants to transfer songs
to a portable device or "burn" them to a CD, he/she must purchase the tracks at an additional cost of
99 cents each. With subscription, users also gain access to over 50 commercial free Napster–
exclusive radio stations. The other service Napster 2.0 offers is deemed "Napster Light" and offers a
pay–as–you–go interface; it gives users access only to tracks they purchase as a portable download.
With this service, users do get to "preview" all available tracks with a 30 second low bite–rate
sound–clip. All tracks are available for a fixed cost of 99 cents and a limited number of complete

Music Industry Essay
Music Industry Essay
Introduction
A i:
I am going to be looking at the music publishing companies Universal Music Group, Inc. (UMG),
one of the biggest major labels in the music industry and Beggars Group Limited, (BGL), a
powerful UK independent label.
UMG own and administrate VEVO and in recent news Google Inc. is reportedly looking at
investing a 10% stake worth £42million. The deal has not yet been signed but it is said that it will
include a renewal agreement that will see VEVO distributing millions of music clips and videos on
YouTube, (Universal Music Group, Inc. Key Developments, Google Reportedly Eyes VEVO, Jan 17
2013). In other news UMG have announced a new CEO for all the global operations outside of the
US. Max ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Paul Resnikoff of Digital Music News stated "major labels are still spending between $750,000 and
$1.4 million, depending on the artist in question." (Music Marketing– The major label perspective,
by musician coaching October 2010).
Independent labels pride themselves on taking a more personal approach to marketing their artists,
as they are not working underneath big corporate brands they have complete freedom. Having this
freedom allows the Indies to develop artists based on what niche groups want to hear. Indie labels
work on a much more intimate level using face to face contact at live music events to spread the
word about their artists, (Marketing Plans for Indie Labels
By David Ingram, Demand Media, 2013).
A ii)
Nine Inch Nails (NIN) have taken full advantage of today's technology by developing and releasing
a free iPhone app, which includes fan's NIN remix submissions, all the latest and past photos of
NIN, a messenger service in where NIN fans can chat. The media section is the most important
section as there are thousands of fan remix's already uploaded that can be instantly streamed from
the app. NIN have also said they will release their own playlists under the music section of the app.
This app is innovative; something modern that hasn't been done before, it has proven successful for

NIN in achieving mass advertising and therefore gaining more fans and enhancing the distribution
demand of

The Greed of Music Industry Executives and Declining...
The Greed of Music Industry Executives and Declining Record Sales
The music recording industry is in trouble. For several years now, sales of new and popular music
have steadily declined and show no sign of changing. The record companies are quick to blame the
growing popularity of the Internet; music is being traded in a digital form online, often
anonymously, with the use of file–sharing programs such as Morpheus, KaZaA, and Imesh, to name
a few. The RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) succeeded in disbanding the pioneer
Internet file–sharing program, Napster, but is facing confrontation with similar programs that are
escaping American copyright laws. While there is an obvious connection between declining popular
music ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even sales figures for singles are down. "Sales are off by 63.9%...6.7 million units were sold in the
first six months of 2002 vs. 18.6 million unites in the same period in 2001" (Garrity).
Not only are the companies themselves facing hard times, but the retail stores that sell music are
also suffering their own losses. "Musicland Stores, the largest music retailer in the U.S. continues to
report losses and declining sales...For the third quarter, the Minnetonka, Minn.–based company
reports a new loss of $16.1 million, compared with a loss last year of $144.6 million" (Jeffrey). The
company was even forced to close some of its stores. "At quarter's end, Musicland operated 1476
stores...During the quarter, the company closed the following: Nine Sam Goody/Musiclands, two
Media plays, one On Cud, and on U.K. store" (Jeffrey). This problem hits home in Vermillion, South
Dakota, where the local On Cue store, the only place to buy entertainment products like CDs and
audiocassettes, was forced to close because of insufficient revenues. Inhabitants of Vermillion are
now forced to travel anywhere from 30 to 60 miles away to purchase music offline. While this town
obviously reflects a very small percentage of consumers, the lack of immediately available music
products certainly will not help the declining record sales.
The stocks of music

Affordable And Reliable Home Recording Equipment
Affordable and reliable home recording equipment has led to a revolution in the way that some
albums are recorded these days. It is no longer necessary for many artists to hire an expensive 48–
track studio when they can inexpensively duplicate many of the same production values by using
software programs like Pro Tools (Llommen, 2010). 30 years ago the thought of an artist recording
an album with there own financial backing was unheard of. With advancement in technology over
time the impossible has suddenly become possible. Having a traditional record deal was a necessity
in being able to record and release your music this meaning artists were locked down to labels for
years leaving very little control to the artist, however times have ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Master License deal is when the artist "leases" the license to their recordings to a label for a
fixed amount of time and therefore the label has a vested interest in the record and how its promoted
and distributed. The label will pay for the records and the means of distribution. The return to the
artist on these types of deals tends to be much higher. Master license deals are very common
amongst "indie" labels such as Inertia. It is common for an artist who funds their own recordings to
push for a license deal, this is less risk for the label as they have the final product and know what
they are investing their money into. It's also great for the artist as the artist has the final product,
which they had total artistic control over without having the pressure and input of a label telling
them what to do. The term within a master license deal tends to be much shorter than that of a
traditional record deal, it will apply only for the rights to that master for a fixed period of time and
after this time full rights and ownership of the master belongs back with the artist. There is no
advance in a master license deal and therefore the artist does not owe the label any money for
recording the album as the artist would have fully paid for the recording themselves. Dissecting a
Traditional record deal:

Digital Music Distribution

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Digital Music Distribution

Similar to Digital Music Distribution (17)

More from Karen Oliver

More from Karen Oliver (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Digital Music Distribution