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Development of an Embedded System for Unmanned Railway Gate Control
- 1. WELCOME
- 2. DEVELOPMENT OF AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR UNMANNED RAILWAY GATE PRESENTED BY:- P.KAMARAJU B.MAHESH K.NARASIMHULU B.PRIYANKA
- 3. B.SUDHIR KUMAR HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, PRINCETON COLLEGE OF ENGG&TECH Y.REDDY PRASAD REDDY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, PRICETON COLLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
- 4. Introduction History of Indian railways AUTOMATION Block diagrams Details of microcontroller (AT89S52) C Programming processing in AT89S52 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT LAST WORDS
- 5. In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by day. The train accidents cause severe damage to life and property This project deals with one of the efficient method to avoid train accidents.
- 6. The Railway Age dawned in India on 16th. April 1853, when the first train ran from Bombay to Thana, a distance of 21 miles(33.81 Km.) For some years before that the idea of building railways in India had taken concrete shape with the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London. In 1845, along with Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, Hon. Jaganath Shunkerseth(known as Nana Shankarsheth ) formed the Indian Railway Association. Eventually, the association was incorporated into the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, and Jeejeebhoy and Shankarsheth became the only two Indians among the ten directors of the GIP railways. As a director, Shankarsheth participated in the very first train journey in India between Bombay and Thane on the 16th of April, 1853
- 7. Human error. Track problems or adverse weather conditions. Mis-signaling due to fog or mist. Collision between trains
- 8. Oral communication through telephonic and telegraphic conversations. GSM modem are also used to send the message in the railway gate. Use of satellites for communication. No combined solution for collision avoidance,derailment and railway gate control
- 9. •Un manned railway gate control
- 10. •Micro controller(AT89S52) •GSM modem (sim900A) •Servo motors (L293d) •LCD display (16*2)
- 11. Set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single chip. Micro controller is for entire control. Examples:8051,89c51,PIC,motorola etc
- 12. This report employs the 8-bit microcontroller from ATMEL (AT89S52). The microcontroller in our security system is used for sending signals to the auto dialer and buzzer alarm. A number is already stored in the EEPROM of the microcontroller. When a logic low signal appears at the pin 1 of the microcontroller, the number stored in the memory is sent to the auto dialer.
- 13. • Compatible • 8 Kbytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Memory • Three-Level Program Memory Lock • 256 x 8-Bit Internal RAM • 32 Programmable I/O Lines • Programmable Serial Channel • Low Power Idle and Power Down Modes
- 15. In order to overcome these dangerous accident problems we, in this project came up with a solution for the same. Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates. This report is a standalone automatic unmanned railway gate control system using AT89S52 microcontroller. The main aim of this project is atomizing the unmanned railway gate. i.e., the gate is closed automatically whenever the train comes and gate is opened after the train leaves the railway – road crossing. The arrival of train in either direction can be identified using this project. Use of embedded technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and reliable. Micro controller (AT89S52) allows dynamic and faster control. AT89S52 micro controller is the heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions. The system comprises of two IR Transmitter-Receiver pairs. One IR TX – Rx pair is located at one end of the railway gate. The second pair is located at another end of the gate.
- 16. Whenever any train is arriving on the track, the IR signal gets disturbed due to the interruption of the train. Thus the micro controller identifies the arriving of train. Before closing the gate the microcontroller gives siren to alert the people who are on the track. After 30 sec, the controller will close the gate by rotating the DC motor. For the opening of the gate, the micro controller should know whether the train has left the crossing or not. The second IR pair is used for this purpose. The second IR pair identifies the train since the IR signal gets disturbed when it comes in between TX and RX. The microcontroller will wait till the last compartment and when it left the IR pair, the receiver again gets IR signal. Hence the microcontroller knows that the train left the gate. Till this time the gate is closed. Now, after the train left the crossing, the microcontroller will open the gate by rotating the DC motor.
- 17. In this we have used "if-else" function to set the output for each input but my MCU (AT89S52) does not produce any output for the left and right "if-else" loop. However, it produced outputs for forward and backward "if-else".
- 18. The idea of automating the process of railway gate operation in level crossings has been undertaken. As the system is completely automated, it avoids manual errors and thus provides ultimate safety to road users. By this mechanism presence of a gatekeeper is not necessary and automatic operation of the gate through the motor action is achieved. Microcontroller 89S52 performs the complete operation i.e., sensing ,gate closing and opening operation is done by software coding written for the controller. The mechanism works on a simple principle and there is not much of complexity needed in the circuit.
- 19. www.collision-avoidance.org www.wikipedia.com www.konkanrailway.com www.faadooengineers.com