Annotated Bibliography: Restorative Justice Ashleigh Myers Stephen F. Austin State University Dr. Hill October 26,2016 - Restorative Justice Introduction There are levels of disparity which are synonymous with tacialprejudice and in the regions of North America which is commonly dominated by the natives. While cultural differences might end up leading to different understandings of equality within the society which promotes systemic racism, others might, in turn, lead to complete discrimi and alienation among people of diverse communities. This paper provides information restorative justice among the Native Americans, as well distinct sources in which relevant information regarding the issue in consideration might be sought. Alaskans, Navaho and Comanche people have been categorically considered' Annotutions , ,, / Ni.lr"rr, O. (2009). Criminal Justice in Native America. Journal of Restorative Practices W ( ^.,,, 234-34s.N) r- aqrolL-. Urfq [ ' rn. mission of social work profession has been rooted in the United States since W begrnnings in the 19th century. The importance of human relationships has been highly emphasized, and the need to enhance integrity and competence are fully considered. The presents a clear account of the fundamental aspects which intemrpt peaceful living in the and also compares the past with the present occuffences' Sullivan, D. (2007). Handbook of Restorative Justice: A Global Perspective.(ournal of C Justicg[Q*. n*n-,lXr1-37,.xp 01,',A k{ A fitu"A'^( ( The practice of restorative justice offers the offenders and victims an alternative to dealing with crime in most regions. Long-term effects of victimization are felt in the 8(2), k,*h^ ,l ncan htJ*- Al* ln n{u 6r 4fu1 society today. Restorative justice according to the author has its roots to the indigenous New Zealand communities. Although principles of restorative justice serve as the fr most of the Native American legal systems, it is evident that the trend is currently reversed most people have begun to discover their restorative roots. The Journal compares different viewpoints with those of other scientists and researchers, to achieve credibility and validity research. l' Lut.r.u, T. & Alexander, H. (2006). Validity of the Level of Service, Journal of Cri I '1 Justice; Vol. 34 Issue 3, p331-337,7p \ In Native American culture, silence is considered to be sacred. Every individual have ample opportunity to make clear reflections, and translations, as well as translating into words. Anglo-Americans are usually very uncomfortable with silence and hesitation. Similarly, people of Asian descent may find the Anglo-Americans too direct but consi blunt, and frank. Openness and the freedom to belong in particular groupings are the desi most Americans. Native Americans, the Asian Americans and the Hispanic are considered to be low and more indirect regarding their associations and social interactions with different group.

1. Annotated Bibliography: Restorative Justice
Ashleigh Myers
Stephen F. Austin State University
Dr. Hill
October 26,2016
- Restorative Justice
Introduction
There are levels of disparity which are synonymous with
tacialprejudice and
in the regions of North America which is commonly dominated
by the natives. While
cultural differences might end up leading to different
understandings of equality within the
society which promotes systemic racism, others might, in turn,
lead to complete discrimi
and alienation among people of diverse communities. This paper
provides information
restorative justice among the Native Americans, as well distinct
sources in which relevant

2. information regarding the issue in consideration might be
sought. Alaskans, Navaho and
Comanche people have been categorically considered'
Annotutions
, ,, / Ni.lr"rr, O. (2009). Criminal Justice in Native America.
Journal of Restorative Practices
W ( ^.,,, 234-34s.N) r- aqrolL-.
Urfq
[ ' rn. mission of social work profession has been rooted in the
United States since
W
begrnnings in the 19th century. The importance of human
relationships has been highly
emphasized, and the need to enhance integrity and competence
are fully considered. The
presents a clear account of the fundamental aspects which
intemrpt peaceful living in the
and also compares the past with the present occuffences'
Sullivan, D. (2007). Handbook of Restorative Justice: A Global
Perspective.(ournal of C
Justicg[Q*. n*n-,lXr1-37,.xp 01,',A k{ A fitu"A'^( (
The practice of restorative justice offers the offenders and
victims an alternative

3. to dealing with crime in most regions. Long-term effects of
victimization are felt in the
8(2),
k,*h^
,l
ncan
htJ*-
Al*
ln
n{u
6r
4fu1
society today. Restorative justice according to the author has its
roots to the indigenous
New Zealand communities. Although principles of restorative
justice serve as the fr
most of the Native American legal systems, it is evident that the
trend is currently reversed
most people have begun to discover their restorative roots. The
Journal compares different
viewpoints with those of other scientists and researchers, to
achieve credibility and validity

4. research.
l' Lut.r.u, T. & Alexander, H. (2006). Validity of the Level of
Service, Journal of Cri
I
'1
Justice; Vol. 34 Issue 3, p331-337,7p
In Native American culture, silence is considered to be sacred.
Every individual
have ample opportunity to make clear reflections, and
translations, as well as translating
into words. Anglo-Americans are usually very uncomfortable
with silence and hesitation.
Similarly, people of Asian descent may find the Anglo-
Americans too direct but consi
blunt, and frank. Openness and the freedom to belong in
particular groupings are the desi
most Americans.
Native Americans, the Asian Americans and the Hispanic are
considered to be low
and more indirect regarding their associations and social
interactions with different groups
people. Potential pitfatls and misunderstandings are common, as
factors such as cultural

5. and diversity affect the integration of most of the individuals in
the united states. The articl
provides clear distinction between the different systems of
socialization and integration
the American people. A lot has to be done about enhancing
political positions and facilitati
acceptance. Interlocking relationships determines how problems
are handled, which
be shunned in most societies.
1d
ughts
eyed
f
Freng, Adrienne (2007).Native Americans in the News: A Media
Portrayal in Crime Articl
American Indian Culture & Research Journal; VoI. 31 Issue 1,
p2l-37,l7p
The incarceration rate in the case of the Native Americans is
consideredtobe 20oh
as compared to the national rate. Differential treatment is
extended to particular groups of

6. people, especially in the criminal justice system. Law
enforcement agenlaccording to the
M,L*rest the Native Americans and the Alaskan natives at least
twice the rate of the
?
coflrmon dominants in the United States. The author
consistently advocates for equality
so, fairness in the justice sYstem.
Timothy, D. (2008). Correcting Native American Sentencing
Disparity Marquette Law R'
Vol.91 Issue 3, p723-813,91P
il Through research, the author proves that the rate atwhich the
Native Americans
&L[t/'-.rt r , vrctrmized is twice that of the non-Indians. Other
research items portray the similar range
tr[/r
l)" results. The author reveals that whites perpetrate more than
50% of the violent crimes wh
igher
llv
the
the
h V | ,/"*itted

7. against the Native Americans. These crimes include sexual
assaults and other
t [r& of illegal behavior. This soqrce is uedible and relevant, as
well as rich in educative conte
,4M{; restorativej*,tf(e^M9f)
S,cr.il'Y*rffi Conctusi.n
df { 0 $p' [nq^r'rt of the contemporary tribal communities, the
dual justice system has beenr- V^ ^A
/g $,nffe^araced.
Basing consideration on the one American paradigm ofjustice, it
is evident th
frft
*
other is based on the original model. At the same time, the
American model has its roots
Y
worldview and considers the Europeans. The essential aspect is
the distributive philosop
being adversely, and decision making which is only limited to a
few. The sources clearly
the restorative principles which are implemented for the
purpose of amending the process
broken personal and communal relationships. The Alaskans, the
Navaho, and the

8. should thus live in harmony, repairing their relationships and
more so, restoring personal
communal harmonY.
References
Nielsen, O. (2009). Criminal Justice in Native America. Journal
of Restorative Practices. ,
234-345.
Sullivan, D. (2007). Handbook of Restorative Justice: A Global
Perspective. Joumal of
Latessa, T. & Alexander, H. (2006). Validity of the Level of
Service with Native Ameri
offenders. Journal of Criminal Justice; Vol. 34Issue 3, p33l-
337,7p
Adrienne, F. (2007). American Indians in the News: A Media
Portrayal in Crime Articles.
American Indian Culture & Research Joumal; Vol. 31 Issue
1,p21-37,17p
Droske, Timothy (2003). Correcting Native American
Sentencing Disparity Post-BOO
Marquette Lm,ry Review; Vol. 91 Issue 3,p723-813,91p
f,v Ynr;,${(illtutY*

9. 8(2),
inal