The Decembrist Uprising

The Decembrist Uprising
Constantine and people swore an oath to him. Later it was revealed that in some secret pact signed
in 1822 by Alexander, he stated that Nicholas would take upon the throne after his death. This
further gave the Decembrists an opportunity to lead a revolt and they guessed that all soldiers and
people too would be confused in such a situation. They decided not to swear an oath and refuse
Nicholas as Tsar on December 14, 1825 and call a revolt at the same day. The Decembrists Revolt at
The Senate Square The conspirators planned to gather their troops and march them to Senate
Square. The Decembrist called the revolt on the morning of December14, 1825 and approximately a
force of 3000 stood strong at the square, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This movement was the outgrowth of a national condition which can be traced back into eighteenth
century. "Decembrism" itself was not only a short– lived revolutionary idea but it was an attitude
held by at least two generations, a philosophy of political rebellion which came to climax on
December 14, 1825. Though defeated, the Decembrists left an indelible impression upon Nicholas
and throughout his reign, he always considered developments from a viewpoint determined by his
sad memories of December 14. In spite of the fact that it failed to achieve immediate positive
results, the revolt bore healthy seeds and it has been considered as the first revolutionary movement.
The testimonies of the Decembrists directed the government's attention to the gravity of general
condition in the state, to increasing discontent and necessity for economic improvements. The
government took definite measures and reforms were also introduced. Serfdom was also abolished
in 1861. Although the revolt remained a neglected and suppressed topic during Nicholas's reign but
Alexander Herzen placed profiles of executed Decembrists on the cover of his periodical Polar Star.
In spite of all the shortcomings of The Decembrist Revolt, this was the first ever open breach
between the government and liberal elements, and it subsequently in some way helped Russia
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Pueblo Revolt Research Paper
Many revolts have occurred throughout history, and all of them with great cause. The Pueblo Revolt
of 1680 is no exception. The one aspect about this revolt which makes it special, is the fact it
happened over 80 years after the Spanish occupied their land. This fact alone raises many questions,
but it is more important to know why the Pueblo revolted in the first place. As with any debate, there
are a variety of different answers. Some authors argue the sole reason for revolting was religious
based, while others argue it was the Spanish's cruelty and loss of authority. When it comes to
reviewing other authors work, it is important to consider the type of evidence they use to support
their claim. Taking everything into consideration, the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In addition to working, Spanish priests established missions and demanded the Pueblos to abandon
their religion and convert to Christianity. Although the Pueblo Indians outnumbered the Spanish,
they tolerated these conditions for over 80 years (Weber, 3). By the 1600s, New Mexico became the
center for missionary activity. Despite this, the missionary work and farming were all dependent
upon Pueblo labor. Approaching 1680, the Pueblo population began to dwindle from 60,000 in the
1600s to 17,000 in 1680. Pueblo towns were separated by hundreds of miles and six languages while
also having no central government to bring them together. Up until the revolt, Spanish rewards and
punishment kept the Pueblo Indians in line and gave them incentive to obey. In addition, the Spanish
also brought new items such as crops, animals, and tools as well as protection. In 1680, secret
calendars from messengers planned on rebelling August 11, messengers were intercepted August 9
so the rebellion was moved a day up (Weber, 5). It was estimated around four hundred of New
Mexico's Hispanic and killed twenty–one of the thirty–three Franciscans. This revolt would later be
known as "the Great Southwestern Revolt". In addition to the carnage inflicted upon the Spanish,
the rebellion influenced several others across Northern New Spain in the same decade (Weber, 6). It
would not be until 12 years later until the Spaniards were able to regroup and reconquer the Pueblos,
but the message was still received (Weber,

The Pueblo Revolt Of 1680
From an evangelical standpoint, the 20,000 Native American Christian converts by 1675 and the
establishment of 36 churches in a new land is progress for the church. However, from a native
perspective, conversion may be seen as a submissive last resort and sad desertion of traditional,
shamanistic beliefs. Priests often destroyed idolatrous statues/buildings that can be viewed as
testaments to years of cultural development of a belief system. (Also, in addition to conversion, they
had to become Spaniard by culture (dress, language, etc.) and therefore give up their native identity.
The Pueblo revolt of 1680 caused major setbacks for the Spanish empire in Mexico, counteracting
years of "progress" and wasted money and resources. However,

Analysis Of The 1680 Pueblo Revolt By Andrew Knaut
"By August 1680, the stage had been set. The movement's leaders had chose August 12 as the date
on which the revolt would take place"(169). The 1680 Pueblo Revolt was the culmination of
decades of exploitation and mistreatment of the Pueblo peoples of New Mexico at the hands of their
Spanish overlords. The Cortes and Coronados set off on expeditions to New Mexico because of the
"gold–laden settlements always rumored to lie just beyond the horizon" (23). Andrew Knaut
provides an in depth analysis of the Pueblo culture in his novel as well as the critical events and
political legislation that occurred in the time leading up to the revolt. Knaut's main purpose of the
novel is not to provide new information, but to reinterpret the revolt in a unique ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, Knaut is unable to fully overcome the limit of resources that he has. Even though Knaut is able
to describe the lifestyle of the Pueblos and tell their story, the audience still learns more about the
Spaniards than the Pueblo. Second, Knaut also does not expand on why the conspirators decided to
exclude certain Pueblos from their plot. Knaut leaves this unexplained and the audience confused
and curious. Lastly, Knaut devotes considerable attention to how Hispanic settlers absorbed Pueblo
traits, but says almost nothing about how Pueblos absorbed Hispanic traits. Knaut again leaves the
audience with unexplained content that makes the reader curious. Although his novel had some
negatives, Knaut deserves sort of a break because of the limitations of sources. All in all, this novel
was very well written, but had some errors due to

Causes of the Pueblo Revolt in 1680 Essay
Pueblo Revolt
Differences between cultures are not something new. Many of us can still see it in our daily lives.
Four hundred years ago two very distinctly different cultures clashed in what we call the American
Southwest. The Spanish presence brought new ideas, new culture, and new way of life to the new
found Americas much to the demise of the already settled native tribes. Already having controlled
much of Mexico and South America, problems were rising in the outskirts of New Spain. Secular
and religious authorities were in conflict and the ever growing animosity of its aboriginal tribe made
it difficult to maintain Spanish control. Though, for four generations the Spaniards had begun to feel
successful in their endeavors of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of punishing the natives for practicing the old ways by using objects to pray and celebrate,
the friars could have used that to make a common ground. Both of the groups used something to aid
in spiritual activity, prayer sticks, both had alters, both help spirituals holidays and both had spiritual
leaders (Bowden). Taking something away from anyone will eventually lead to rebellion especially
in time of great stress. What adds more stress in any society then when its very world is turn upside–
down? Watching somebody desecrate the very foundation of your spiritual and daily motions will
hit close to home. The Spaniards view of the natural world did exactly that. Staking claim on land
and seeing it as a commodity goes against the frame these native people entire world view. Their
belief of creation is from the earth they are only the stewards of the land, it provides to their society
and they must give back to complete the circle of reciprocity. Spaniards took the land for their
taking. In the Christian mindset god created the earth and it was good, God created man and he was
good. The earth was for us to benefit. Bowden believes this sort of degradation as the source of the
native anger and resentment for the catholic faith. He believes the natives saw what was happening
to the world especially when there are hard times (1660s–70s) and blame the church and its clergy.
Saving culture drove the pueblos to revolt and religion played a big revolt because

Authentic And Cultural Background Of The Apache
Authentic and Cultural Background of the Apache
The Athapaskan–talking individuals of the Southwest, whom the Spanish and the Pueblos would
call Apaches, initially originated from areas well north of the Canadian fringe.
They entered the fields at some point going before the Columbian voyage, most likely pursuing the
developing crowds of wild ox that rose after 1200, and they assembled another economy and social
structure tweaked to the necessities of the occasionally troublesome environment.
From there on Apache populaces developed, and by 1700 they ruled the western segments of
the southern fields and the mountains of New Mexico. Apaches, more than whatever other
gathering,
tested the Pueblo Indian populaces and also the infringing Spaniards for control of
the political economy of the Southwest.
The Apaches made a place for themselves in the Southwest at an extremely troublesome time in
history, when other tribal social orders endured decrease and demolition.
The Apaches survived and flourished outside the Spanish frontier framework fundamentally in light
of the fact that
they adjusted to the changing biological systems of the Southwest; they modified their economy by
making new techniques for generation and extending or contracting sociopolitical structures to meet
financial requests.
Every now and again such changes incorporated the appropriation of specific parts of European
culture, for

illustration, altered types of pastoralism. Apaches

The Aspects Of The Pueblo Revolt Of 1680
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 Throughout the period of colonization, several aspects of genocide can
be identified. From the Genocide Convention of 1948, genocide was lawfully defined as any of the
following committed with the intent to destroy in whole or part a national ethnical, racial, or
religious group as such: killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm to
members of the group, deliberately inflicting on the group conditions to bring about its destruction,
imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group, and/or forcibly transferring children
of the group to another group. In what is modern day North America, European settlers began
colonizing the area in hopes of achieving their goals of expanding Christianity, acquiring wealth for
their countries, and/or gaining personal wealth and power. The European settlers had little care
about the indigenous people of the areas they were colonizing, leading to the American Indian Wars
(Lasting from 1622 – 1924) and the genocide of Native Americans. During this time period, the
Native American population decreased dramatically as a result of brutal war, disease, and torture.
The modern day New Mexico area in particular was home to Indian Pueblos, who showed an
extreme act of resistance against their Spanish conquerors. What later became known as the Pueblo
Revolt of 1680 showed how resistance to genocide can be achievable and the impacts it may have.
Genocide is impossible to overcome

La discriminación en nuestra sociedad mexicana
La discriminación en nuestra sociedad mexicana
A lo largo de la historia de nuestro país, generaciones de pueblos indígenas han sufrido algún tipo de
abuso, injusticia, atropello, maltrato o segregación. Este trato de desigualdad ha sido a consecuencia
de su físico y del color de su piel. Analizar la discriminación existente actual en nuestro país, nos
permite entender que ésta puede llegar a afectar, limitar, y deteriorar interna y económicamente al
ser humano, ya que es un elemento que genera una actitud de superioridad hacia los demás. Al
respecto, conviene decir y definir lo que significa la palabra racismo. Racismo es "Actitud de
rechazo y desprecio hacia las personas que pertenecen a una raza o etnia distinta de la propia"
(Dictionary, 2014). Ciertamente durante los últimos cien años han existido diferentes ejemplos que
demuestran cómo un pensamiento puede afectar a los seres humanos. Un ejemplo en concordancia
con el tema a tratar se visualiza en el libro "Bola de Sebo" cuando todas las personas se suben por
primera vez al coche y en cuanto "la reconocieron, las señoras que iban en la diligencia, comenzaron
a murmurar; y las frases de vergüenza pública". (Maupassant, 2008, p. 4). En esta escena se nota
inmediatamente la segregación que hacen de "Bola de Sebo", por saber de su profesión y las otras
personas llegan a creer que son superiores. Para erradicar la discriminación en un país o cultura se
deben desaparecer las etiquetas sociales y fomentar a las

The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 is an important event in U.S. history having been the first complete
victory for Native Americans against any European nation. One of the major conflicts between the
Pueblo Indians and the Spanish colonists was their different religions. Many historians believe that
the Pueblo Indians revolted against the Spanish in order to eliminate Catholicism because it was
threatening their own beliefs. Many Spanish officials interpret the Pueblo Revolt as being
unnecessary and guided by the devil. The continuing study of this historical event will allow current
Pueblo villages to learn about their ancestors' history and the major role religion had on the revolt.
Further consequences of the Pueblo Revolt was the Spanish setback ... Show more content on
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Many of those documents, however, were destroyed during the Pueblo Revolt when the natives
burned down government buildings and records. However, previously to the Pueblo Revolt, Spanish
government officials had sent out reports which shed a light on the relations between Spaniards and
Pueblo Indians prior to the revolt. With new understanding of popular Indian beliefs, historians are
now able to adjust the one–sided interpretations that European nations developed when documenting
their relationship with the natives. Historians who are well–informed of popular Indian beliefs, have
interpreted the Pueblo Revolt was an act to reject Catholicism because it was threatening their own
culture. The Pueblo Revolt was an attempt to preserve the kind of life which they thought the gods
had ordained and which aliens were obviously destroying (Weber, 1999, p. 227). The Pueblo Indians
feared that the Spanish colonist would destroy all aspects of their religion, like sacred texts and
structures, which were indispensable and would be essential for the survival of their Pueblo

Maureo Jaquez During The French Revolution
Since it's foundation in 1330, the capital city of Millares has grown from two villages into the
massive city it is known. Castilla Palace stood out as it was the tallest building in the city, made out
of limestone. Construction lasted 13 years as hundreds of workers died while building the palace
from the ground up. It was finally done in 1465 as the entire palace with inaugurated on King
Florinio Castilla's thirty birthday. It included a dome, cloisters, statues of several religious heads,
corridors, an inner garden, an infirmary, and a library. The throne room wasn't added to the palace
until the Ávila family had the crown in 1730. After the Ávila Revolt ended, the Medellin–Varejão
families took over the palace and made it their home. Queen ... Show more content on
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The double wooden doors opened as Mariana entered the meeting room to see her usual ministers,
waiting for their Queen. The guards shut the doors as she entered the room and walked towards her
seat. The three men stood up until the Queen took her seat as they waited to present their reports.
"Terribly sorry that I was late. My family was keeping me back. I am ready to hear about your
findings." she said to the men as she was ready to hear the reports. Alvizo was the first one to speak.
"My Queen, the economy of Batigefalé is slowly growing back. But, we are still in debt and the
provinces are growing more unrest. It has been fourteen years since the revolt ended, but the
economy is still in bad. We must do something before it's too late." Alvizo spoke as he looked at his
papers and back at the Queen.
"What do you suggest we do?" she

The Pueblo Revolt
Native Americans are the first inhabitants of North America by centuries; however, many believe
that American history started when Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492 and
discovered a new world . Although the English, French, and Spanish arrived around the same time,
they all interacted with the Natives in different ways to achieve what they were seeking, such as
land, riches, etc. However, once the European pursuit of riches and land became brutal and
malicious, the Natives attempted several revolts, such as the Pueblo Revolt or King Phillip's War,
that unfortunately, has some dire consequences, such as death and slavery. Although English were
the last party to cross the Atlantic, they were proactive in their attempt to get ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However, majority of the time, they were treated as lesser and subject to unfair treatment that
inevitably lead to them revolting against the Europeans. The Europeans may have had different
ways of interacting with the Native Americans, they were all looking for some sort of gain.
Although their revolts may not have had the desired outcome, they stood their ground and fought for
what they believed

The Coming of the Spanish and the Pueblo Revolt (Hopi)
"The Coming of the Spanish and the Pueblo Revolt" (Hopi)
"The Coming of the Spanish and the Pueblo Revolt" (Hopi) illustrates how the interactions of two
distinctly different groups of people inevitably change the dynamics of each group, collectively and
individually. This story is told from the Hopi perspective, but the outcome of the Pueblo Revolt is
historically validated. It is the events described in this story that show how the Hopi and the
Spaniards change by contact with each other. A few of the changes for the Hopi were the upheaval
of their Utopian–like existence by the arrival of the Spaniards, the need to practice their religion
secretly, and the determination to use violence to defend their own, even though it was ... Show
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A brother of one of the victims confronted the abuser of his sister, but was frightened away. It was
discovered that these abusive practices were occurring in other areas so the Hopi, as well as other
Indian groups, banded together to revolt. This ultimately led to the revolt of the Hopi toward the
Spaniards, as all Priests would be killed on the fourth day after a full moon. The very premise of the
Spaniard's mission to America (perpetuation of

The Value Of Nature In The Man Who Killed The Deer
Pivotal to their tribal heritage, the Pueblos value the natural world above all else. The native people
feel a living connection with nature; in which the Pueblo find their complete peace through the "bare
granite face of the mountain", the "sacred tribal lake", or "the deep turquoise lake of life" offering
the ecocentric beings comfort (6–7). Waters' novel The Man Who Killed the Deer opens with the
nature calling a strong Pueblo Indian into the woods. The honorable character hears "Grandfather
coyote" and "Grandfather Crow" call out to him, asking him to leave his home and come to the
forest (17). By listening to the "heart of the mountains", synonymous to the "heart of [his] body", he
saves a man's life (17). Truly, "the deep pulse of the mountain" and "the pulse of his own blood [...]
beat together" as one (7). Palemon's experience with nature sets the tone of the novel: the Pueblo
value nature, tradition, and their tribe above all else. The ecocentrism in Pueblo Culture values
balance in nature over any other relationship: if nature lies in peace, then life remains balanced. In
The Man who Killed the Deer by Frank Waters, the author influences the reader to think like a
Pueblo tribe member by using the Pueblo's value of nature to describe the protagonist and his wife.
Waters represents Martiniano's uncertainty between his Pueblo community and the white men from
his school life through his struggles with the natural world. Martiniano's battle with the outdoor
world

The Upper Rio Grande Essay
The Upper Rio Grande
Change is an unavoidable part of life. For some, change can bring promise and a new beginning. For
others, change disrupts what is routine and normal and makes what is new seem strange and
unfamiliar. The history of North America has been shaped by change ever since Columbus first
discovered the continent in 1492. With that discovery, the continent would never be the same again.
More specifically, the Native American tribes who first inhabited this continent would never be the
same.
Over the years the Native Americans would see new explorers and missionaries take over the land
that was once theirs and claim it for another country. The traditions, customs, and culture of these
Native Americans inevitably ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, this paper will give an overview of the native people of the Upper Rio Grande during the
19th century and their interaction with the rest of New Mexico.
From 1598–1606, Don Juan de Orate colonized the Rio Grande area. The Spanish settlers came with
more than just colonization on their minds. Orate and his men were hoping the area would prove to
be a huge resource of gold and other valuable resources. Meanwhile, Spanish missionaries brought
Christianity to the Indians (White, 6).
Orate entered the area now known as New Mexico with a group made up of "130 families, 276
single men, 83 wagons and carts, 11 Franciscan Friars (and) 7,000 cattle herded by drovers on foot"
(Horgan, 161). At a celebration of the settlement, Orate asserted what he believed was a rightful
claim to the land that was already occupied by Pueblo Indians. Before kneeling at a cross and asking
God for the successful conversion of the native people, he said "I take possession . . .of the lands of
the said Rio Grande, without exception whatsoever, with all its meadows and pasture grounds and
passes . . . and all its native Indians (Horgan, 165). The Spanish did not take no for an answer.
They took supplies from the Indians; sometimes paying for them, sometimes not. They were
ruthless.
Within a year of Onate's speech, the Indians showed their disapproval of the arrangement as

Essay on Analysis of The Revolt of Mother
Analysis of The Revolt of Mother
"The Revolt of 'Mother'" by Mary Wilkins Freeman, was a story of a woman who lived in New
England around or before the author's time. The mother, Sarah Penn, was kept out of the families
decisions by the father, Adoniram Penn, until one event that lead to her taking drastic actions while
her husband was gone. There are many religious symbols and actions taken by "Mother" within the
story. Through the story Sarah moved from a feeling of servitude to her husband, to a feeling that
she was in servitude to the Lords will and this led her, in the end, to hold power over her husband.
The religious overtones start with the title of the story, "The Revolt of 'Mother.'" The name 'Mother'
in many stories ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sarah, on the other hand, is an interpreter of the Lords will.
Sarah comes to the conclusion that she is doing the Lords will when she declared the new maxim for
her self. She now believed that "Unsolicited opportunities are the guideposts of the Lord to the new
roads of life". She knows that this is an unsolicited opportunity because she had nothing to do with
Hiram sending notice of a good horse to father. It is also known that Sarah believes she is doing by
the Lords will because it is a providence to her; which is taken as her having divine foresight. This
foresight comes from her being a new spirit.
The sense that she is a new spirit is implied when she states, "I've let the fire go out"(528). Even
though she is talking about the stove, it is taken that it is a fire inside of her. The fire, which is a
means of destruction and chaos, was burning up her soul. And now that it was out a new spirit could
take over. The new spirit is also seen by Nanny when she "tremble(s), as if it were a ghost"(528).
This ghost that she feels is representative of the new spirit that has embodied mother. Because of
this new feeling both Sammy and Nanny seem to become something of religious followers to her.
The children as religious followers to Sarah are first clearly seen through the observation that "There
is a certain uncanny and superhuman quality about such a purely original undertakings as their

Argumentative Essay: Can We Justify Columbus Day?
In fourteen hundred and ninety–two Columbus sailed the ocean blue. I guess the song forgot the sin,
that the Spaniards killed 8 of 10. While Columbus' voyage is the start of America as we know it, it
came at a great cost to the Native Americans. They contracted diseases from the Spaniards, were
abused, forced into Christianity and had resources stolen from them. So, the question is, due to the
fact that the Native Americans were abused and taken advantage of by the Spaniards, how can we
justify Columbus Day remaining a federal holiday? We can't, it should never be acceptable to ruin
one society so that another can advance. While Columbus may have been the first to arrive in
America, other Spaniards quickly followed. They saw the original ... Show more content on
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This may seem like a positive but unfortunately, even they want to change the Native Americans.
Even before the Spanish arrived in America, they had issues with people who held different
religious beliefs. In the past they had gone to war with the Moorish Muslims and banished the Jews
from their countries. They seemed to believe they had the superior religion and were willing to force
it on anybody who was not already a member of the Catholic faith. Bartolome de Las Casas was
very empathetic to the plight of the Native Americans; this earned him the name "Protector of the
Indians". In his writings, De las Casas spoke highly of them praising their skills in architecture,
painting and needlework. He even went as far as calling out Sepulvede for slandering the Native
Americans by calling them barbarians. He pointed out that they had friendships, customs and laws
to govern their people. But, while De las Casas definitely treated them with respect and dignity, as a
friar, he wanted to convert them to

Native American Museum Essays
George Gustav Heye Center – The Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian is a
fascinating building at the Bowling Green area of Lower Manhattan. It's close to Battery Park that
displays an elegant view of the water. You can see ferries floating by headed towards Staten Island,
since South Ferry Terminal is nearby. It allows you to appreciate the hidden gems of the city located
in the outskirts Manhattan. One of those very treasures is the museum mentioned previously.
The Museum of the American Indian is directly in front of the Bowling Green Park with a water
fountain at the center. From the park view you can see the front of the museum. It has stone steps
with statues on the sides. Walking in to the museum up the grand ... Show more content on
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Time Exposures: Picturing a History of Isleta Pueblo in the 19th Century exhibit was reflected
everything that was covered in anthropology class, such as the influence of imperialism taking over
Native American culture and society. "This exhibition, organized by the Pueblo of Isleta, tells the
story of life on the Isleta Indian Reservation in the 19th century and its lasting effects on life today."
The Smithsonian press release explain that "In 1881, the railroad companies forcibly took land in
the center of Isleta Pueblo in the Rio Grande Valley and the rail lines built there brought scores of
tourists." Overall, the Time Exposures portray the Isleta Pueblo Native American lives before the
arrival of other visitors. Furthermore, the changes imposed on the Natives in the subsequent years,
along with the ways in which the people of Isleta Pueblo attempted to preserve their way of life.
"'Time Exposures' is divided into three parts. In the first section, the cycle of the Isleta traditional
year as it was observed in the mid–19th century is detailed. The second section describes the arrival
of the Americans and the how this disrupted the Isleta way of living. In the third section, the exhibit
examines the photos themselves as products of an outside culture. While exploring the underlying
ideas and values of the photos, the exhibition questions their portrayal of Isleta people and ways."
In this exhibition,

King Phillip And Puwblo Revolt:compare And Contrast Essay
5 years and nearly an entire continent separated King Philip's war from the great pueblo revolt.
Compare and contrast the causes and consequences of these 2 conflicts.
The Great Pueblo revolt of 1680 all started with the droughts of 1660 when the Southwest had
severe drought that brought famine and disease. During this, hungry Apaches who couldn't find food
on plains attacked the pueblos. This angered the people on the pueblos, but there new leader Pope', a
mysterious medicine doctor, tried to keep the Indian beliefs around and resisted the Christian
religion. The Spaniards hated this, so they captured his older brother. This enraged Pope' against the
Spaniards so he held meetings to tell everybody that the Spaniards must leave. The ... Show more
The Spaniards got word of the attack, and notified every Spanish official in the pueblos to arrest any
expected ringleader of the Indians. The Spaniards were also notified that the Indians had painted
themselves for war. They rounded up all of their people, distributed arms, and let everybody wait to
see what will happen.
Later that day, there were uprisings in many of the pueblos, but the capital of Santa Fe was not
attacked yet. On August 14, 500 Indians marched on Santa Fe. The governor tried to negotiate with
the Indians before they attacked, but it failed and the next morning the Spaniard attacked the
Indians. The Indians were driven from their position and fled to the foothills, until Indian
reinforcements put them back in position to attack Santa Fe.
Two days later, 2500 Indians charged the Spaniards and swarmed around the palace and burned a
chapel. The entire Spaniard army met the Indians in the plaza at the capital and waged hand to hand
combat all day long. The Spaniards sent the Indians back, and they retreated into their palace.
The next day the Spaniards met the Indians and tried to regain there water soured back, but were
met with a huge resistance. They were sent back to the palace, and watched the Indians burn all of
Santa Fe during the night. The next morning the Spaniards took the Indians by surprise, and killed

The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 also known as the Pope's Rebellion according to Wikipedia.org it was
named for one of the Pueblo Indians "Ohkay Owingeh" which means Pope. The people wanted the
Spanish colonizers to leave the Province of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico which is now known as New
Mexico today. 400 Spanish where killed and the pueblo people drove the 2,000 remaining settlers
out of the province. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_Revolt In league with Apaches Indians the
pueblo people carefully planned the revolt to overthrow Spanish rulers in New Mexico. As stated by
Britannica the pueblo people were traditionally a peaceful people, but they had endured a lot after
the colonization of New Mexico. The missionaries burned their ceremonial pits, and also forced
Catholicism on them. They were tried in Spanish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The people wanted the Spanish colonizers to leave the Province of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico
which is now known as New Mexico today. 400 Spanish where killed and the pueblo people drove
the 2,000 remaining settlers out of the province. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_Revolt In
league with Apaches Indians the pueblo people carefully planned the revolt to overthrow Spanish
rulers in New Mexico. As stated by Britannica the pueblo people were traditionally a peaceful
people, but they had endured a lot after the colonization of New Mexico. The missionaries burned
their ceremonial pits, and also forced Catholicism on them. They were tried in Spanish courts with
severe punishments such as dismemberment of hands and feet, whipping, hanging, and slavery.
Embittered by imprisonment Pope of San Juan Pueblo believed he was commanded by the tribal
ancestor spirits to go back to the old customs.

How the People Came to the Middle Place
There are various diverse creation myths from Native American cultures, though many hold similar
characteristics. One of the more common forms of creation myth seems to be emergence myth.
Generally, in the emergence myth, instead of seeing how the world is created, we see how the
people arrive in an already created world. This particular story type is commonly found in Native
American cultures from the southwest (Ryan). The Tewa Pueblo version of this myth, entitled How
the People Came to the Middle Place, has been collected and written down by the anthropologists
Alice Marriott and Carol K. Rachlin in their book, American Indian Mythology. The myth was told
to them by two separate sources, Maria Martinez of San Ildefonso and Leonidas ... Show more
It is evident from this myth that geography was an important concept to the Pueblo. They are
currently balanced in the center of the land, and each direction around them is mentioned, as well as
all of the mountains surrounding them. This part of the myth in particular seems to be highlighting
some of the most important aspects of multiple Native American cultures. In mythology from all
around the world, there is usually a point where humans decide not to listen to a divine being which
leads to trouble, and this tale is no different. The people disobey Grandmother Spider, and they
decide to first head toward the mountains in the east since they seemed closest. When they get there,
many of them are killed by the Comanches, which is why the area is called the Mountains of Blood.
Many people also die when they head toward the cold north, and they cannot stay in the west either.
Eventually, they head toward the middle land again, and there are only two of them left (Marriott,
Rachlin 69–70). This part of the story once again helps to explain the world surrounding the Pueblo
people. It shows the origin of how one of the mountains got its name. It is also evident that the
Pueblo people viewed the Comanche people they met as violent and antagonistic. This was probably
inspired by real life dealings and tensions that they had with the other culture. Many Native

Pueblo Cultural Center Essay
Going to the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center was a new experience for me, I chose this location
because I have been living here in New Mexico for almost 7 years, and even though I consider
myself Mexican and Californian because great part of life I lived in those places, after 7 years of
living here in New Mexico I am starting to feel New Mexican as well. I am constantly being
enculturated by New Mexican traditions, learning about Native Americans provides me with
knowledge that I can pass on to my future generations.
My experience being there was educational, spiritual, and artistic. While learning about the Pueblo
beliefs, I can see that respect is one of their beliefs, whether respect for one another or respect for
Corn Mother, respect is a traditional of Pueblo people, taking care of one another and loving one
another is another beliefs associated with Pueblo people. Also for the Pueblo people it is essential to
transfer the knowledge of the Original Instructions from one generation to the next. Pueblo people
believe that their purpose ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pueblo people believe that animals are a sacred gift from their creator, and in their community's
skillful hunting brings honor and respect. Animals are frequently used in their art as respect and
gratitude. Pueblo people have cultivated and woven cotton for centuries. They use hand–woven
cotton garments only for important ceremonial attire because of how painful the process is to make
them. They create paint from natural elements and those paints recipes have been used since ancient
times to this day. Another interesting thing that I learned is the use of Yucca in Pueblo communities,
yucca is used in their culture for soap, shampoo, and fibers from yucca leaves can be woven into
sandals, baskets, and ropes. Sharp leaf ends make sewing needles, also paint brushes are produced
from

Modern Day Walls
Throughout time walls become beaten, broken, and worn down; and from start, to finish, they
observe it all. Walls are inanimate objects, yet they have the ability to watch life flourish or
deteriorate around them. From BC to the future walls will continue to possess the power in watching
life go on. They remain on the sidelines as a bystander to life's constant change. Additionally, they
were able to witness religion, community, and civil rights unfold into modern day headlines. Walls
have eyes with the ability to see all; they are the only visible structure that has witnessed humanity's
day to day life throughout history.
The Hagia Sophia located in Istanbul, Turkey once was a Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal
basilica, later an imperial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the event of the inappropriable, the bus walls were able to witness a moment in history where
segregation wasn't a thing, but instead, civil rights were voiced. The Montgomery City code at the
time required that public transportation is segregated. On top of the law, bus drivers had the "power
of a police officer of the city while in actual charge of any bus for the purposes of carrying out the
provisions" (Biography). She had taken a seat within the first few rows that were labeled for
"colored" passengers. In the event that this happened, the city bus ordinance didn't specifically give
authority to demand a passenger to give up a seat disregarding their color. Her efforts in standing
behind her beliefs led to a nationwide effort in ending segregation referring to public facilities. As
something as monumental as this, the bus walls witnessed the immaculate change in

After the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, a decade of uncertainty followed. Both the Pueblo and Spanish,
were uncertain as to what the future would hold. The Pueblos, after the revolt, reoccupied their
pueblos and carried on with their lives while the Spanish lived in colonies in exile farther south.
However, the two groups proved to not stay apart for very long. As early as 1681, Governor Otermin
attempted to reconquer the Pueblo world and marched to the Isleta Pueblo with a small army of 146
men. His group was unsuccessful, however, and was forced to turn around after his group, weakened
by the harsh winter conditions, encountered a group of Pueblo leaders and fighting men. Six years
later, Governor Reneros led a force up the Camino Real in 1687 where he met resistance at Santa
Ana and Zia Pueblos, and in 1689, Governor Jironza ferociously assaulted Zia Pueblo. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Upon appointment, his task was to obtain the surrender of the rebellious pueblos, preferably by
peace. Once this was accomplished, he was then to recolonize the settlements and reestablish
missions. With with a group less than fifty soldiers and three friars, Vargas set out on his mission in
1692. Upon approaching the Santa Fe Pueblo on September 13, 1692, the Pueblo people, ready to
fight and protect what was theirs, sounded the war drum.Vargas, however, not wanting a bloody
battle, urged to talk. Just three days later, the native people allowed themselves to be subjects of the
Spanish crown once again. Throughout the fall and winter, he went through the same process,
pueblo by pueblo, and was also successful. By the end of 1692, most of the pueblos had been
restored to the Spanish empire; not a single drop of blood had been

Summary of Eros and Civilization: Marcuse
Eros and civilization:
Xi Break fatal union of productivity and destruction, liberty and repression.rational for continued
acceptance of domination, scarcity artificially perpetuated. Strengthened by even more efficient
forms of social control: very forces that rendered society capable of pacifying struggle for existence
served to repress in the individuals the need for such liberation. High standards of living reconcile
people with their life and rulers + social engineering of the soul and science of human relations
provide libidinal cathexis. Xii Scientific managment of instinctual needs has become a vital factor in
the reproduction of the system: merchandise which has to be bought and used is made into objects
of the libido; national ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Revolt against machine which has taken over mechanism (pol, corporate, cultural and educational)
which has welded blessing and curse into one rational whole. Body against machine (unconquered,
primitive, elemental forces?) guerilla warfare as revolution of our time? Historical backwardness
may become hist chance of turning the wheel of progress to another direction. The 'accidents' reveal
substance; tear techn veil behind which real powers are hiding. Productive forces seem to become
more productive the more comfortable the system becomes to its privileged subjects. Xviii Affluent
society is a society at war, citizens dont notice,but victims do. Previous rev:more rational
development of productive forces, now in affluent rev woul mean reversal of this trend: elimination
of overdevelopment and repressive rationality. Xix in revolt of backward people, rich societies meet
not only soc revolt in traditional sense, but also an instinctual revolt–biological hatred. Spread of
guerilla warfare: rebels frightful existence is in total need of liberation. Western civi always glorified
hero, who died for city/nation, but never asked whether city is worth it. Taboo on unquestionable
prerogative of the whole always maintained and enforced and the more brutally the more the whole
was supposed to consist of free individuals. Violence may start in new chain, in and against this
continumm

Snow Piercer Analysis
Snow Piercer was directed by Bong Joon–ho in 2013, which is based on the French novel Le
Transperceneige. At first glance, most people will not understand the many themes that this
particular film has. After carefully examining the film the viewers may find the hidden themes in the
film that will be explained in this analysis. Themes that will discuss are humanity, revolt, and master
of your fate. There are many sub–themes within the film but this particular analysis, it is the crucial
focus on these themes because it helps develop the central plot and conflict with in the film. The
first theme that will discuss is humanity. The whole plot of the movie focuses on preserving
humanity or what's left of it. After global warming had destroyed the earth and making unsuitable
for any living creature to survive the Conductor train made that makes an around trip cross the earth
to try to preserve humanity. Even though he was ridiculed about his theories and his plan to save
humanity he still went ahead with plans and end up saving what was left of humanity. Throughout
the movie, many of the characters' humanity was tested. Even though the Conductor saved humanity
he sectioned off the train by class. The lower class was placed in the last cart of the train. They were
treated horribly and were supplied with the basic necessity of living. Since the lower class did not
have the basic necessity of living their humanity was questioned every day. Later in the film the
protagonist in the

The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 Essay
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680
All through the history of the world there have been superior civilizations that have taken over other
groups and have forced them in to situations that would seem unimaginable to the most people
today. The same situation once happened to the native people that live in what today is considered
the south west of the United States. In 1550 Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led a Spanish conquest
in the Rio Grande valley the area that a number of pueblo people made this area there home and
sacred lands. With Coronado eading the way the gate was opened to the rest of the Spaniard who
were looking for their share of fame and riches. After Coronado fruitless search of the seven cities of
gold, then Juan de Oñate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the same happened the of the pueblo revolt of 1680. The entire thing that the historian's point out
the there are a great deal of circumstances that would make the pueblos revolt. Henry Warner
Bowden argues that religion what the primary cause for he pueblos to unite and over throw the
Spaniard regime of the southwest. Historian Ramon A. Gutierrez points out that it was the skillful
Franciscans who where at first ale to manipulate the Pueblos in to taking the new religion, but after
time the pueblos lost interest and where no longer amused by the new religion that was forced upon
them. According to Van Hasting Garner the reason that the pueblos took up arm is due the
immediate events that happened in that era for example; drought, famine and the apache raids of the
1670's. New Mexican priest Angelico Chaves points out that the reason for the pueblo revolt of 1680
that the actions of Doming Naranjo, a mixed Indian created a stir united the pueblos and created the
Revolt. The last argument in the book made by Andrew L. Knaut is the reason for the pueblos revolt
of 1680 is that It was just the right time since the pueblos had been resentful towards the Spaniard
and with in time the Spaniards lost their ability to keep the pueblos intimidated.
The argument that I agree most with is that

Santa Ana Case Study
Santa Ana is one of several pueblos, or villages, on the Tamaya Reservation in New Mexico, and
like any small municipality, it struggles with waste management and using resources to their fullest
potential. Communities such as this are challenged by increasing waste production due to increasing
populations and decreasing ability to manage the influx of waste. Modern–day tactics have taken to
producing more by products that are not being used and recycled to their full potential. The
utilization of landfills across the country, which, while inexpensive, do not offer sustainable waste
management solutions. However, communities are looking into alternate options that would be more
beneficial in the long run, both in terms of environmental impact ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Recently, they have experienced an influx of waste from a die–off of cottonwood trees in the
bosque, which in Spanish means forest. In modern times, the building of dams upstream from the
Rio Grande have affected the flow of water which has in turn affected the plants alongside the river.
Cottonwood trees which, are found throughout New Mexico in wet areas along the Rio Grande are
dying (Smith, 2009). This die–off has created an excess of wood waste that the pueblo has chosen to
see as an opportunity rather than a problem. The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Santa
Ana is interested in the exploring the potential for creating a composting operation with the excess
wood in order to offset costs of other community projects. The economical goal for the sale of the
compost is to create revenue streams for these projects. In order for compost to be a profitable
product, an optimal mixture of materials needs to be obtained. There are a variety of resources that
would need to be utilized in order to create a high–quality compost and these resources would need
to be located and brought to the composting site from a number of different businesses and
organizations, such as restaurants supplying food

The Pueblo Revolt Chapter 4 Summary
Throughout chapter six, seven, and eight of Knaut's book The Pueblo Revolt of 1680, he sets up the
scene and leads up to the events that caused The Pueblo Revolt. While the tail end of chapter eight
describes the actual revolt, most of the writing we read by Knaut describes the history leading up to
1680. In chapter 6, Knaut starts describing Spanish and Pueblo relation history in New Mexico
beginning around 1609. The colony of New Mexico was isolated from the rest of New Spain in
Mexico and this made it difficult for the colony. The six month journey from Mexico City to Santa
Fe was dangerous due to the climate, length, and indigenous people in the region. Thus, supplies and
information to Santa Fe was unreliable and in a cycle of about four ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, Mestizos were so common that they eventually started to maintain Spanish roles which was
highly controversial to the Spanish empire down South. Yet one connector between the Hispanics
and Pueblo was the Hispanic quest to find cures for their ailments. Due to disease or social issues,
Hispanics would reach out to the indigenous people. Finally chapter 8, describes the loss of control
that the Spanish people faced leading up to 1680. The Native inhabitants' population was already
weakened due to disease, but drought and thus famine in 1666 lowered the population of not only
Natives, but Hispanics as well. Tension occurred as the Spanish relied upon stored food while the
Pueblos starved. To make matters worse, Athabaskans raided the Pueblos and the Spanish were
weakened and couldn't protect the Pueblo people. The straw that broke the camel's back was when
in order to retain what little control the Spanish had, they outlawed traditional Pueblo religious
ceremonies and practices. Death was punishment for local medicine men and any others who
continued to practice traditional Pueblo

The Causes Of The European Colonization Of North America
The European conquest of North America was not inevitable. Small groups of Europeans claimed
large areas densely populated by hostile Indian nations. The English and Spanish faced particularly
fierce resistance from the Wampanoag and Pueblo peoples in present day New England and the
American Southwest. The Wampanoags and Pueblos both revolted against European colonization
and conquest in 1675 and 1680 due to attacks on their sovereignty, attacks on their welfare, and
mass death. The Pueblos were more successful than the Wampanoags because they gained from the
revolts while the New England Nations lost everything during King Philip's War. In both cases,
Indian nations formed the first pan–indigenous, anti–European alliances, and Europeans secured a
beachhead in North America King Philip's War began due to escalating Puritan attacks on
Wampanoag sovereignty, forcing the Confederacy into a war for survival. The path to war began in
1662 when the Wampanoag Chief Metacomet rose to power. He denounced illegal Puritan seizure of
Wampanoag traditional hunting grounds. On multiple occasions, English settlers jailed Wampanoag
hunters for "trespassing" on ancestral Indian lands. This attack on Wampanoag sovereignty denied
that Indians could have a legitimate claim to their own territory. By accomplishing this, English
colonists could declare the Indian's authority void as an excuse to take more land. Relations soured
in December of 1674 when John Sassamon, a Christian Indian, was murdered by Wampanoags for
reporting Metacomet's war preparations to the English. Puritans arrested three Wampanoags, tried
them for murder, and hanged them. This was the first time English tried an Indian for crimes against
another Indian. The trial demonstrated that the English believed they also had authority over
Metacomet's people. By using the English courts to try an Indian–on–Indian murder, the Puritans
again claimed the Wampanoags had no authority, and therefore were not worthy of respect as a
nation. This disrespect allowed the Puritans to see them not as people, but as pests to be removed
from their land. Beliefs such as this led to further escalation by the Puritan leaders. Tensions rose,
and Metacomet formed a coalition

Essay on Maria Martinez and Her Pueblo Pottery
Maria Martinez and Her Pueblo Pottery
One of the most well known figures of the twentieth century pottery world is Maria Martinez. Maria
Martinez is a Pueblo Indian part of the San Ildefondo tribe. Pueblo pottery from the American
Southwest holds a unique place in ceramic art forms of American art. It is full of age–old tradition
and culture handed down form family members and potters of the past. The old Pueblo ways of
creating it still hold true today and have not been changed or influenced like so many other styles in
modern times.
One of the amazing factors involving Maria Martinez's work has been the incredible length of time
that she has spent in producing her pottery. Her life has been spent learning, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The challenge of the task took over the need to make new work or simply utilitarian work. It became
her focal point of all her pottery work and effort. The work was an old style. One more labor
intensive and eventually discarded. As with many other art forms, the original format is often
considered less effective because it produces fewer actual pieces or the intended art. In reality, the
tenacious effort applied in careful traditional processes allows the soul of the artist to infuse the
artwork with the true intended meaning. It has been termed, ? black on Black? work. (Peterson 23)
?Black on Black? sounds as though it may be an unimaginative concept, however, on the contrary it
is truly subtle work, as a matte finish black surface is balanced and blended with a shiner,
polychrome black. Could it be that the juxtaposition of the finishes serves as a metaphor for light in
the darkness compared to flat darkness? Only Maria truly knows. It is almost as though a soft black
is shadowed next to a bright one and the combination of both, create a piece visually greater that is
the two finishes were to stand alone on two separate pieces. Therefore, what Maria has created in
what at first seems to be a simple piece of ceramics, is actually a representation of her own views on
spirituality and beauty (Peterson 37).
By 1918, the years of effort, hard work, and dedication to their passion had paid off for Maria and
her husband Julian. The two had perfected

The Pueblo Revolt Summary
The Pueblo Revolt (1680); Critique The article written by Charles W. Hackett based on the Revolt of
the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico and Otermin's attempted reconquest was insightful and
informative in the fact that it showed how much of an impact the forcing of converting to baptism
by the Franciscan friars had on the Native Americans. As expressed in the article, after three
generations of constant oppression and tyranny, in the spring of 1680, the Pueblo Indians rose up to
overthrow the Spanish rulers. With this revolt, Indian fighters were able to kill more than 400
Spanish soldiers and civilians as well as drove the surviving Europeans back to El Paso, making the
Pueblo Revolt of 1680 the single

Examples Of Individualism In The Last Conquistador
Rayhan Hassanin
GOVT–2306
Peggy Connally
Film 1 "The Last Conquistador" "The Last Conquistador" is a film that accurately represents how
our society and government works. While the rich are sometimes ignorant, they are powerful
leaving those in poverty with little to no power. While the Acoma Pueblo American community
knew of a different side to Juan de Oñate, the rich knew only of his greatest accomplishments. Juan
De Oñate was the "...conquistador who established the colony of New Mexico for Spain. During his
despotic governorship, he vainly sought the mythical riches of North America..." ("Juan De Oñate")
but is most known for founding the southwestern United States. He is praised and celebrated, but
most people are ignorant to his inhumanity. An example of individualism in "The Last
Conquistador", is John Houser's initiative to build the statue. This is a great example of
individualism because Houser acted on his own to make the statue, and have it 34 feet tall. He is the
one who put the work and effort in the statue and perfected it to the best of his ability. An example
of moralism is the City Council representative, because he was fighting for the common good of
everyone. His point was that the tax dollars were collected from everybody, including the Acoma
Pueblo American community, so it is not fair if it is used on a monument that not all tax payers
support. An example of Traditionalism is the statue being put up despite the Acoma Pueblo
American community's

Ruth Benedict’s Ethnography of Pueblo Culture, Patterns...
Response Piece – Silko & Benedict
As noted in the response by Janet Tallman, there are three main themes concerning Ruth Benedict's
ethnography of Pueblo culture, Patterns of Culture, and Leslie Marmon Silko's novel Ceremony.
Both detail the importance of matrilineage, harmony and balance versus change, and ceremonies to
the Pueblo Indians. It is important to note that Silko gives the reader a first–hand perspective of this
lifestyle (she was raised in the Laguna Pueblo Reservation), while Benedict's book is written from a
third–person point of view. Because of this, it was fairly easy to see how much of the actual culture
was overlooked or misinterpreted in Benedict's work. While the above–mentioned themes about
Pueblo Indians were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the eldest daughter in her family, it is her duty to tend the household, took after her mother, and
to raise Tayo after he was abandoned by his mother at a young age.
In contrast to her strict adherence to Pueblo life, she is also a devout Christian. At several times in
the story there are references to her polishing her church shoes with great care, or reading out of her
large black bible. In Benedict's ethnography, this would be as result of the culture selecting from
among the possible traits in the surrounding region those traits which it could use, and discarding
those which it could not (Chapter 3). Her husband Robert represents the role of husband and
provider in their matrilineal culture –"he was patient with [their family] because he had nothing to
say. The sheep, the horses, and the fields – everything belonged to them, including the good family
name (pg. 32)." The only man who was able to assert himself in the family by right is the eldest son,
Josiah.
Auntie and Robert's son Rocky is the representation of Indian youth fully embracing American
culture. In another contrast to her set ways, Auntie sees her son as the one way her family will gain
respect with the Laguna people again. She sends him to boarding school to learn Western ways, and
is proud of his embrace

Miletus Research Paper
While under the Persian influence around 525 BC Miletus reorganized its constitution. Miletus will
have an annual magistrate called the Aisymuetes or president. They will serve as the chief priest at
the temple of Apollo of Didyma. They will also have the official called the Molpoi or psalmist. This
is the group where the presidents were elected from. They were assisted by three officials called the
associates. These three were elected biennially from the six tribes. Miletus also had the subordinate
official called the Ouitadue. Ag p. 151–2 In 520 BC the power was retained under the control of
Darius. Miletus came under the control of the tyrant Histiaeus, who participated in the Scythian
expedition with King Darius. He was supported and highly ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
After being repopulated, the people of Miletus restored the old constitution. They changed a few
things like abolishing the associates with their jobs being taken over by other officials. They also
started the business of religious matters again at Didyma at the temple of Apollo. They continued to
divide the population into the six tribes. It became strong enough to play a role later in the fifth
century in the struggle for Greece between Athens and Sparta. Athens had Miletus join into the
Delian League, but they were still too weak to contribute partly due to the destruction of the city.
Miletus also faced internal political conflict and Athens became involved in the situation. Athens
supported the upper class to continue to rule rather than a democracy which is what Athens used to
rule its city–state. However, this upper class of rulers started to take advantage of the workers
causing more tension. "The oligarchs revolted from Athens and massacred their opponents. By 442
at the latest Athens put down the revolt and established a democratic government on the Athenian
model." Gs Pg 398 After they created some stability, they appointed a commission of five to revise
and change the constitution of Miletus. The appointed commission of five followed the structure and
order of the Athenian form of government. They had a council with superior magistrates called
wardens. They also had assistant magistrates called colleagues. The Psalmist

Alexandria In Justine
The representation of Alexandria in Lawrence Durrell's Justine In his novel, Justine, Lawrence
Durrell gives his readers a new version of Alexandria, claiming that this is the "real city". The novel
would arouse many questions to an Alexandrian reader's mind; does Durrell factually represent the
Cosmopolitan city of the time? Do his characters reflect the kind of life which the Alexandrian
inhabitants had back then? Or is he giving, throughout Justine, a parallel mythical city which he
created out of his imagination? The book clearly reflects Durrell's viewpoint regarding Alexandria;
he exhibits it as an erotic city that enforces a state of total indulgence in sensual pleasures upon its
inhabitants. Moreover, he tackles the city ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Durrell presents two Alexandrias; the Arabic Alexandria which is always related to negative
descriptions and always looked at with resentment and disgust, and the European Alexandria which
comes along with the clean streets and the civilized characters. Durrell exhibits the Arab Quarters as
an undefined mass; he does not name their streets or their cafes; he gives them no identity. In
contrast, the European streets are named, for instance; Rue Foaad, Rue Sherief and Naby Daniel.
The voice of the Arabs is shut; we do not get to see any Egyptian characters except for Nessim,
whom we know lately in the Alexandria Quartet about his national treason; a person who has no
sense of belonging towards Egypt. Nessim also is so westernized; the fact that Nessim's voice is
heard in the novel goes back to his wealthy state and his high social rank that did enable him to
neglect his Egyptian nationality and have a European lifestyle. Hence, Nessim does not represent the
real Egyptian Alexandrian inhabitant of the time. Durrell's claim that "only the city is real" is
questionable; you cannot write a novel as a representative of Alexandria and its inhabitants while
choosing to foreground only the western voices and background the Arab ones. So Durrell's colonial
ideology is shown in his writing; his tone is racial and biased against the Egyptians. Moreover,
Durrell depicts Muslim Arabs as racist violent people who persecute

Pueblo Revolt Summary
Before the start of the traditional American narrative, that begins with the colonization by British
setters, European contact in America had already radically reshaped the population of the so called
"New World". Spanish exploration landed in North America beginning in 1492 and sparked a
pattern of travel to the continent following Columbus's find. These trips to America consisted of a
series of expeditions in search of gold, silver, and other treasured resources that could be used by
Spain. These trips also consisted of establishing permanent peasant towns of enslaved Indigenous
people for manual labor to chase these resources in the mines that sprouted across the southern part
of the country. These enslavements, sponsored by King Ferdinand ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This misunderstood title reflects the Indigenous people as "imagined as only antagonists to the
British" to further the heroic historical narrative that is modern American history (Kelton, 791). The
fact of the matter is that the Natives fought on both sides, allying with the French and the British.
The Cherokees, by allying with the French, played a pivotal role in deciding this great war that
eventually led to a dominating imperial power in North America. Other key tribes that were
involved in this chess match of a war include the Iroquois, Creeks, and Choctaws, all allying with
the American or English side of the conflict. This fact going so unnoticed clearly illustrates the lack
of recognition that the Natives deserve in shaping American history. Even the alternative title "the
Seven Years War" "coined by scholars to move away British's simplistic notion" is misleading due to
the fact that the fighting took place from roughly 1754 to 1763 within French and British colonies
across the globe and roughly 1754 to 1760 in North America (Kelton, 792). The way that Europeans
imagined this pivotal role in history has developed into the defeat of a "savage" foe to bring
civilization and democracy to the new country, when in reality, the situation was much more
complicated with Indigenous Peoples backing each side of the conflict. This misinterpreted
historical

The Cause Of The Pueblo Revolt Of 1680
The cause of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 has brought up a substantial amount of controversy between
historians. Several historians took the preserved historical documents and gathered information from
oral history to try and piece together the reason why the Pueblos revolted to begin with. Some
historians point to religion as the sole cause, while others say it required the right leader, and still
others point to the racial segregation and mixture of the Pueblos and Spanish blood as the cause of
the revolt. While each historian has his own viewpoint, it is important to look into the reasons why
each come to their own specific conclusions and determine if their argument is a biased or a
balanced perspective. The main things to consider are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the course of eighty years however, the Pueblos were able to learn the ways of the Spaniards
such as battle tactics, food storage, crop cultivation, and building up immunity to the diseases that
nearly eradicated their ancestors. When the drought and famine came during the time leading up to
1680, the Spaniards were likely becoming weaker and the Pueblos, an equally formidable force to
their own manpower. Therefore, when 1680 came around, it was prime time for the Pueblos to revolt
and gain back the freedom that their ancestors had once enjoyed. But not only that, because the
Spaniards could no longer protect the Pueblos from the Apache raids and promise them basic needs
like food and shelter, they felt that gaining their own dependence back and standing on their own
feet again was an option that was within reach. Garner points out that it was not likely that the
Pueblos were planning a revolt for the eighty years that they were in captivity, but it could have very
well been in the back of their minds. The year 1680 might have been the most ideal time for them to
rise up against the Spaniards. After explaining the main reason for the revolt, Garner goes on to
focus on two of the main arguments opposing his own. Unlike other historians, Garner ascertains
that religion and the harsh oppression of the Spanish were not sole causes of the revolt. To build his
case, throughout his paper, he compares

Causes Of The Pueblo Revolt
Pueblo revolt
The Pueblo revolt was the changing point for the relationship between the Spanish and native
population and one of the earliest tragedies to befall the Natives at the time but to explain what lead
to the revolt we must step back into history and look at the events that lead to this.
The Spanish had been expanding their influence in the new world by conquering the empires and
peoples. Soon they would extend northward continuing to claim new land thereby building New
Spain. Starting in 1540 the Spanish moved into what would become New Mexico. With the Spanish
expansion came soldiers, missionaries, and settlers. These movements would lead to a confrontation
between the Pueblo people and the Spaniards known as the "Tiguex War." The "Tiguex War" was
spearheaded by occurred during the winter of 1540–41. Leading the Spaniard troops was Francisco
Vásquez de Coronado. The Spanish attacked the 12 tribes of the region leading to a further
breakdown of Native and Spanish relations that would continue until 1598. Juan De Onate led a
force of over 100 soldiers women children and Priests into the Rio Grande Valley attempting to start
a Spanish settlement. The establishment of this new settlement soon leads to another revolt between
the Pueblo and the Spaniards. This rebellion is known as the "Tacoma Massacre." Under the
command of Juan De Onate, the Spanish soldiers killed and enslaved hundreds of Natives. Onate
also ordered the right foot to be removed from the 24

The Rising Of The Decembrist Russia
The rising of the Decembrist Russia was due to a confusion over the next succession. In 1825,
Alexander I died suddenly. Alexander 's younger brother, Constantine, who was next in line, had no
desire to assume the throne of such a burdensome empire, so he gave his right of succession to his
brother Nicholas. Nicholas, however, had been left unaware of the official details of the change and
on learning of Alexander 's death he proclaimed Constantine emperor at St. Petersburg, at the same
time as Constantine in Warsaw was proclaiming Nicholas. For nearly three weeks in December 1825
the throne remained vacant. Russian officers and troops had come into contact with currents of
liberal thought, with new social conditions, and with new political institutions in western Europe
during the struggle against Napoleon. Upon their return home they saw that the idea of the rights of
man was regarded with contempt by their rulers, that their country by trodden under the heel of an
autocracy which made all progress impossible. As they had no legitimate means making their
desires known, they organised secret societies which agitated for reforms, including the
establishment of a constitution. These societies, afterwards called the Decembrists, were planning a
widespread uprising but, when Alexander suddenly died, resolved to take advantage of the
uncertainty that existed regarding the succession to attempt a coup d 'etat. But the plotters had no
clear plan or organisation and had made no

The Decembrist Uprising

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The Decembrist Uprising