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The document discusses the four main spheres of Earth: the geosphere comprises all rocks, minerals and soil on and inside the planet; the atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding Earth, composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen; the hydrosphere encompasses all water on Earth's surface and underground, including oceans, ice caps and vapor; the biosphere consists of all living organisms inhabiting Earth's surface, subsurface and lower atmosphere.
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Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
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were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
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- 1. Spheres of the Earth Karen O. Jao-Jao
- 3. GEOSPHERE • GEOSPHERE is composed of all the rocks, minerals, and soil on Earth. • This includes not only the mountains, continents, ocean floor, and in the deserts, and bedrocks but it also includes Earth’s interior layers.
- 4. ATMOSPHERE • ATMOSPHERE is the body of gas that envelops Earth. • The air of Earth has approximately 79% Nitrogen and less than 21% oxygen; the rest is carbon dioxide and other gaseous elements that surround Earth.
- 5. HYDROSPHERE • Hydrosphere is made up all the water found on Earth- on its surface, underground, and in the air. • This includes all of the rivers, lakes, streams, oceans, groundwater, polar ice caps, glaciers, water vapor, clouds, and any form of precipitation like rain and snow
- 6. BIOSPHERE • BIOSPHERE is made up all the living organisms on the planet. • These living things are found on the surface, underground, and even those reaching a kilometer above the surface of Earth.