ANTI-PSYCHOTIC DRUGS

1. NEUROTRANSMITTERS:
A. MONOAMINES: DOPAMINE, NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONIN
B. CHOLINERGIC: ACETYLCHOLINE
C. AMINOACIDS: GAMMA- AMINOBUTYRIC ACID ( GABA)
D. PEPTIDES: ENKEPHALINS

2. ANTI-PARKINSON DRUGS
 DOPAMINERGIC:
 A. DOPAMINE PRECURSOR: LEVODOPA
 B. DOPAMINE RELEASER : AMANTIDINE
 C. DOPAMINE RECEPTOR AGONIST: BROMOCRIPTINE
 D. DOPAMINE METABOLISM INHIBITOR: SELEGILINE
 SIDE-EFFECTS = CONFUSION, HALLUCINATION, DELUSIONS
 DEPRESSION, AGITATION, ANXIETY
 ANTI-CHOLINERGIC :
 A. TRIHEXYPHENIDYL ( ARTANE )
 B. BENZTROPINE ( COGENTIN )
 C. DIPHENHYDRAMINE ( BENADRYL )
 SIDE-EFFECTS = DRY MOUTH, NASAL CONGESTION, SEDATION,
 URINARY RETENTION, MYDRIASIS, BLURRED
 VISION, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA, SEIZURES

3. ANTI-PSYCHOTIC DRUGS
 A. HALOPERIDOL
 B. LOXAPINE
 C. CHLORPROMAZINE
 D. THIORIDAZINE
 E. CLOZAPINE
 F. RESPERIDONE
 SIDE-EFFECTS : DRY MOUTH, CONSTIPATION, URTICARIA, SEIZURES
 HYPERGLYCEMIA, GYNECOMASTIA, IMPAIRED EJA-
 -CULATION, PHOTOPHOBIA, LOW WBC, SEDATION
 TARDIVE DYSKINESIA ( ABNORMAL MOV’T ),
 DYSTONIA ( SUDDEN SPASM )
 NURSING IMPLICATIONS: GIVE 1-2 HRS BEFORE BED TIME
 MIX WITH 60 ML JUICE
 AVOID CONTACT WITH SKIN
 DO NOT GIVE SC; GIVE IM ( Z - TRACT )

4. ANTI-DEPRESSANT DRUGS
 1. TRICYCLIC ANTI-DEPRESSANTS ( TCA)
 AMITRIPTYLINE ( ELAVIL )
 IMIPRAMINE ( TOFRANIL )
 DOXEPIN ( SINEQUAN )
 2. SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS ( SSRI )
 FLUOXETINE ( PROZAC )
 FLUVOXAMINE ( LUVOX )
 3. MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS ( MAOI )
 PHENELZINE
 TRANYLCYPROMINE

5. ANTI-DEPRESSANT DRUGS
 THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS:
 IMPROVES THE MOOD
 SIDE EFFECTS :
 ANTI-CHOLINERGIC EFFECTS
 SEDATION
 CONFUSION
 DELIRIUM
 CONTRAINDICATION:
 BREASTFEEDING& PREGNANCY, HEART & KIDNEY
 DISEASE, ASTHMA, EPILEPSY, SCHIZOPHRENIA

6. MAOI
 FOODS TO AVOID:
 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE
 DAIRY PRODUCTS = CHEESE & YOGURT
 FRUITS & VEGETABLES= AVOCADOS & BANANAS
 MEATS = LIVER, FISH, SALAMI, SAUSAGE
 COFFEE, SODA, TEA ( LARGE AMOUNTS )
 CHOCOLATE
 SOY SAUCE
 SAUERKKRAUT

7. ANTI-MANIC DRUGS
 LITHIUM : ( .5-1 Meq/ L) , ( 1.5 IS OVERDOSE )
 SIDE EFFECTS: DIARRHEA, VOMITING, DROWSINESS
 MUSCULAR WEAKNESS, ATAXIA
 INTERVENTION= LAVAGE, DIALYSIS
 AVOID: BREAST FEEDING & KIDNEY DISEASE
 OTHER DRUGS : ( ANTI-CONVULSANT )
 CARBAMAZEPINE
 VALPROIC ACID

8. ANTI-ANXIETY DRUGS
 EFFECTS : CNS DEPRESSANT
 BENZODIAZEPINES : DIAZEPAM ( VALIUM )
 ALPRAZOLAM
 LORAZEPAM
 BUSPIRONE
 = USE ONLY FOR SHORT TIME : 1-2 WKS
 = SHOULD NOT BE WITHDRAWN ABRUPTLY
 = LOWER DOSE FOR ELDERLY
 = METABOLIZED IN THE LIVER
 = SIDE EFFECTS : DIZZINESS & SEDATION, HYPOTENSION
 = CONTRAINDICATION: PREGNANCY & LACTATION
 LIVER & KIDNEY DISEASE


9. THE END
 FINISH LINE