4. A simple sentence has one subject and one
verb
I like to study grammar.
A simple sentence is also called an
independent clause.
An independent clause ends with a period or
semicolon.
#1: Simple Sentence
5. Examples:
The Book of Unknown Americans
tells the story of the love between
a Panamanian boy and a
Mexican girl
You and Alex need to be
quiet.
Ms. Bennett did a
cartwheel and a backflip.
Simple Sentences: Find
one in your essay!
Can have a
compound subject
Can have a
compound predicate
6. A compound sentence is made up of two or more
simple sentences joined by one of the following:
A comma and a coordinating conjunction
I like to study grammar, and I love this class.
A semicolon
I like to study grammar; I love this class.
A semicolon and an adverbial conjunction
I like to study grammar; therefore, I love
this class.
#2: Compound Sentence
7. Coordinating Conjunctions are used to join together two
independent clauses.
Examples:
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So
Coordinating
Conjunctions
8. Two independent clauses joined together with a
comma and a coordinating conjunction.
I love you, and you love me.
Independent
clause
Independent clause
9. “If the relation between the ideas expressed
in the main clauses is very close and
obvious without a conjunction, you can
separate the clauses with a semicolon”
(Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).
Semicolons
10. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Semicolon Method
Kelsey has benefited from her writing
exercises; she has good grammar and
punctuation.
Tiffany works in San Francisco; she
runs The Duck.
Elaine pays attention in class; she
takes copious notes
12. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Thomas is cool; moreover, he is fashionable
.
Luke’s grandmother buys him sweaters;
however, he does not wear them.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
13. Two independent clauses joined together with a comma and a coordinating
conjunction (For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
Their daughter Maribel suffers a near-fatal accident, so the Riveras leave
México and come to America.
Two independent clauses joined together with a semi-colon.
Mayor Toro also lives in the Redwood Apartments; he is a high school
sophomore whose family arrived from Panamà fifteen years ago.
Two independent clauses joined together with a semicolon and an adverbial
conjunction, followed by a comma (moreover, however, nevertheless,
otherwise, therefore).
Mayor and Maribel grow closer; however, violence casts
a shadow over their futures in America.
14. A complex sentence is a simple sentence
(independent clause) to which a part of a sentence
(dependent clause) has been added.
Because I like to study grammar, I love this
class.
I love this class because I like to study
grammar.
#3: Complex Sentence
15. A dependent clause joined to an independent clause.
(The dependent clause needs the rest of the
sentence for support.)
Because you love me, I love you.
Dependent clause
Independent clause
16. A dependent clause contains a subject and verb. It begins with a subordinating
conjunction; thus, it does not express a completed thought. A dependent clause is
also called a subordinate clause.
Dependent clauses, like babies, cannot stand alone.
Because you love me.
Fragment!
17. Common Subordinating (Dependent)
Conjunctions
after even if now that that where
although even
though
once though whereas
as if rather than unless wherever
as if whenever since until whether
because in order
that
so that when which
before than in case while
18. After settling at the Redwood Apartments, they
discover that Maribel's recovery will not be easy.
Even though they try to fit in, every task seems to
confront them with language, racial, and cultural
obstacles.
Complex Sentences
19. A compound/complex sentence is the
last and most complicated type of
sentence.
It contains at least one dependent
clause and at least two independent
clauses.
#4: Compound/Complex Sentence
20. A dependent clause added to two or more independent clauses
Because we are a family, I
love you, and you love me.
2 independent clauses
Dependent clause
21. Although Arturo and Alma keep a close eye on
Maribel, her budding romance with Mayor grows, and
their love gives them both a new strength.
Compound Complex
Sentences
25. Write a letter containing at least three paragraphs (350-
600 words), which both reflects on your development
this quarter and explains why you are ready for the
next level. The reflective response goes in the front of
your portfolio—as an introduction to your work for the
teachers evaluating the portfolio.
Assignment Directions:
26. In groups of three or four, think of all of the different writing
strategies you have learned this quarter.
Make a list so you can score points when we come back together for
this discussion
Brainstorming: five minutes
27.
28. Organization is the internal structure of the writing that frames the ideas
in a logical pattern.
Voice is the tone of the piece -- this is the personal stamp that a
writer brings while keeping in mind his or her purpose and
audience.
Word choice are the words chosen to convey
meaning -- it's important to use the right word in the
right place.
Sentence Fluency is an auditory trait. It
focuses on how words and phrases sound
and flow throughout the text.
Conventions is the mechanical
correctness of the piece, including
grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
Presentation is how the writing
looks on the page. Make the
overall appearance pleasing to
the eye. Follow MLA format
Ideas are the heart of the message that makes up the meaning of the piece.
31. Revise and edit your combined essay: #4
Write paragraph two of your reflection
essay: “My Current Process”
Bring your reflection essay draft to class
with you.
HOMEWORK
