9/11 notes final notes

1. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p6yLQRF-cEU
⚫4 min
Darryl Worley “Have you
forgotten”

2. Casey Young
POL 650
Dr. Shawn Williams
July 19, 2012
September 11, 2001
The Day that changed
America

3. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvj6zdWLUuk
⚫5 min
Alan Jackson Song

4. The Day: Tuesday, September 11th

5. The Group Responsible: World Islamic
Front for Jihad against Jews and
Crusaders
⚫ AKA: Al-Qaeda:“The Base”
⚫ Founder: Osama Bin Laden
⚫ Ideological and current
Leader: Ayman al-Zawahiri
⚫ Major Base: Afghanistan
⚫ Founded: Late 1980’s
⚫ Zawahiri joined Bin Laden in
1998
⚫ Took responsibility for 9/11
attacks which lead American
into a war with Afghanistan

6. Al Qaeda
⚫ “Al Qaeda is the first
truly global terrorist
organization in
history” (Riedel, pg. ix)
⚫Had a new idea:
multiple opeartions in
different locales
carried out at the same
time (Riedel, 60).

7. The Brains and Ideological:
Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri
⚫Born: June 19, 1951 in
Cairo, Egypt
⚫Defining moment:
Sadat’s assassination
(Riedel, 19)
⚫Head of Islamic Jihad (or
Al-Jihad)
⚫Not very charismatic
⚫Became leader of Al
Qaeda after bin Laden
death and still on the
run.

8. ⚫Not a hatred for Western culture or values, rather his
ideology focuses on what he believes the West has
don’t to the Islamic world, to the ummah. It is about
policy, not values (Riedel, 22-23)
⚫Sees the plot against Islam on every front, fomented
by the United States and Europe in the west, Israel
nearby, and India in the east (Riedel, 29).
⚫Key element to his plan is jihad; every Muslim is duty-
bound to fight against the enemies of Islam, including
the unbeliever and the corrupt followers who ally
themselves with the enemy.
Zawahiri’s Ideology

9. The Sheik, Founder, and Financial Backer
and Charismatic leader: Osama Bin Laden

10. Usama Bin Laden
Born January 22, 1958 in Riyadh, SA
– 17th son. Osama means “the Lion”.
Moved to Medina @ age of 6
months.
By July 1958, M. Bin Laden had
fathered 41 children – 21 sons & at
least 20 daughters.
Mother: Alia Ghanem, 14 year old
from Syria. Citrus farming family.
10th wife.
Was a possible maid or concubine.
Same Islamic Year – M. Bin Laden
fathered 5 sons and 2 daughters
under two different wives.

11. Mohamed Bin Laden

12. ▣ Bin Laden Affiliated Companies:
◼ Binladen Kaiser – engineering
& construction
◼ Binladen Emco – pre-cast
concrete
◼ Al-Midhar
Telecommunications Company
– consulting
◼ Bin Laden Telecom Company
◼ Binladen Brothers for
Contracting & Industry
◼ Saudi Binladin Group –
registered in 1990 with over
36,000 employees in 30
countries
M. Bin Laden Financial Empire

13. Mosque Renovations
Grand mosque in mecca
Prophet’s mosque in
medina

14. Holy Site Renovations
Al-Aqsa Mosque Dome of the Holy Rock

15. M. Bin Laden: The Player
22 wives 54 Children

16. The Bin Laden's

17. September 3, 1967
M. Bin Laden’s plane crashes
along the Saudi – Yemen
border.
Pilot – Jim Harrington, former
US Air Force fighter pilot. Two
other passengers onboard.
Previously flew a 7 passenger
Twin Beech propeller.
Switched to a Hawker Siddeley
twin-engine jet.

18. The Aftermath of the Plane Crash
⚫Mohammed Bin Laden Organization
⚫ No known record on the size of the estate.
⚫ Estimated - $150 million
⚫ Kingdom outstanding debts to M. Bin Laden estimated
to be $100 million in payments.
⚫ Saudi Government sets up trust fund for children.

19. Inheritance
Sharia Law – sons to receive twice as
much as the daughters.
4 current wives at the time of death
to split 1/8 of the shares. Former
wives to receive no inheritance,
however their children would.
Sons, to include Osama, to receive
2.27% of the company’s shares.
Roughly $20 million each.
Daughters to receive roughly 1%
Total inheritance breakdown –
Sons – 50%
Daughters – 30%
Current Widows – Rest of the
shares.

20. ⚫“One can ask, at this point, whether 9/11 or some similar
tragedy might have happened without bin Laden to steer
it. The answer is certainly not” (Wright, pg. 332).
⚫“He saw it (America) as the vanguard of a global crusade
on the part of Christians and Jews to crush the Islamic
resurgence” (Wright, 208).
⚫“This battle is not between al-Qaeda and the U.S.,” bin
Laden would later explain. “This is a battle of Muslims
against the global Crusaders” (Wright, 209).
⚫But the “greatest disaster to befall the Muslims” is the
“occupation of Saudi Arabi, which is the cornerstone of
the Islamic world, the place of revelation…was sold out to
the Israelis and Americans (Riedel, 57).
Bin Laden’s rage against America

21. ⚫“The main root of the conflict between our
civilization and your civilization is the
Palestine question. I stress that the Palestine
question is my nation’s central issue. It was,
therefore, a key factor that has, since my
childhood, provided me and the free 19 men
with an overwhelming feeling of the need to
punish the Jews and those supporting them.
This is why the incidents of September 11th
took place” (Riedel, 130).
Bin Laden on the Palestine
Question

22. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3V0ISgosTlQ
⚫Start at 15 seconds
President Obama on Bin Laden Death

23. Time Magazine Bin Laden

24. ⚫Adolph Hitler Sadam Hussein Musab al-
Zarqawi
Red X Has Happen three other times

25. The Mastermind:
Khalid Sheikh Mohammed (KSM)
⚫Mastermind behind 9/11
⚫Had planned to blow up
jumbo jets with his
cousin Ramzi Yusuf
across the Pacific
⚫Bin Laden heard of this
idea and had KSM tweak
it to make it feasable
⚫Captured in Pakistan in
2003 and has been a key
contributor for helping
stop terrorists

26. Pre-Attacks by Al Qaeda

27. WTC 1993 Bombings
⚫February 26,
bombed planted in
Ryder Truck in
garage of North
Tower
⚫Ramzi Yousef
⚫6 people killed and
around 1,000
wounded

28. Bombing of the USS Cole
⚫October 12, 2000
⚫Claimed by Al Qaeda
⚫Killed 17 and wounded 40
⚫“ The destroyer
represented the capital of
the West,” Bin Laden said,
“and the small boat
represented Mohammad”
(Wright, pg.319).
⚫America did not retaliate,
and bin Laden felt he
needed to do something
bigger

29. The Manhattan Raid
⚫ Al Qaeda called 9/11 the
Manhattan Raid (Riedel, pg. 1)
⚫ Possibly wanted Eastern and
Western attacks but felt it was
too risky, so decided to stick
only with the East.
⚫ Decided to target 4 major
targets of significance:
1. World Trade Center
(Economic strength)
2. Pentagon (Military strength)
3. White House/Capital Building
(governmental/Democracy)

30. ⚫http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/us/2011/09/07/na
tpkg-911-aircheck-timeline.cnn
⚫CNN (9 min)
9/11 How it unfolded

31. ⚫http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/us/2011/09/11/coo
per-911-wtc-history.cnn#/video/us/2011/09/11/cooper-
911-wtc-history.cnn
⚫CNN World Trade Center Video
World Trade Center Videos

32. 1) The World Trade Centers
⚫ Opened in 1973, 7th building
finished in 1987
⚫ Was made up of 7 buildings
⚫ Towers 1 and 2 (Twin
Towers) stood as world
tallest buildings (110 stories)
⚫ Cost was $400 million
⚫ 50,000 people worked in the
towers, 200,000 passed
through
⚫ Had its own zip code: 10048
⚫ 2,753 people died in attacks,
343 firefighters and 23 NYPD
⚫ Around 3,000 total deaths
and people from 80 countries

33. Construction of WTC in 1971

34. Design of WTC Twin Towers

35. Top of the World Observation Deck
80,000 visitors a year

37. ⚫Such momentous constructions are bound to intrude
on the subconscious, as they are meant to do—”those
awesome symbolic towers that speak of liberty,
human rights and humanity”—as bin Laden labeled
them.”
⚫Looming Tower (pg. 176)
Bin Laden on WTC

38. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNw0jOhVJ3A
⚫Firefighter video (1st tower)
⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XELamUnF0EU
⚫Second tower video
⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzKI9TBR-XQ
⚫People jumping from WTC (start at 1:50)
Planes crashing into WTC

39. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaPoD_7TmNc
⚫Hits pentagon at 25 seconds
Plane hitting the Pentagon

40. The 19 Hijackers

41. The 20th Hijacker
Zacarias Moussaoui
⚫ Went to flight school in
Minnesota in 2001 and
alerted the flight school
after strange questions
about flying.
⚫ Captured by FBI, but not
allowed to thoroughly
check his belongings or
would have probably
made connection.
⚫ FBI supervisor responded
that he was “trying to
keep somone from taking
a plane and crashing into
the World Trade Center”
(Wright, 351).

42. ⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbqCquDl4k4&fe
ature=related
⚫4 ½ minutes
⚫http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQAeeimx3S4
⚫Bush declares war on Terror
Bush’s speech after 9/11

43. ⚫http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/us/2011/09/08/tsr
-todd-911-audio-
recordings.cnn#/video/us/2011/09/08/tsr-todd-911-
audio-recordings.cnn
⚫CNN Video
9/11 New Release Tapes

44. Remembering and Rebuilding
⚫Building 5 new
towers
⚫Tallest is One
World Trade
Center, measuring
1,776 feet (tallest in
North America)
⚫Also a Memorial
and Museum

45. ⚫January meeting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia was
photographed and surveillance but not wiretap.
Meeting produced USS Cole bombing and 9/11
attacks (Wright, 310-311)
⚫CIA failed to let FBI or State Department know
about two terrorists from Malaysia meeting
needed to be put on terror list or had entered the
country 19 months before 9/11 (Wright, 311-312)
⚫CIA found laptop of Zawahiri’s closest political
confidant in Azerbaijan, but would not turn it
over to the FBI
Tensions between the FBI and CIA

46. ⚫Sensitive information from the CIA may
compromise their work with FBI, which
could demand total control of a situation
⚫CIA was hoping to recruit some of the
terrorists and use them against Al Qaeda
⚫FBI wanted to capture bin Laden for
questioning; CIA wanted to kill bin Laden
before he became too big a threat
Possible Reasons Why? (Wright, 312-
314

47. ⚫Delays at the airport are longer, arrival time is earlier,
and items being carried on are smaller (Fear of flying)
⚫Created a new cabinet department (Homeland
Security, 2001)
⚫Declared a War on Terrorism that took us into
Afghanistan and then into Iraq
⚫Repression of freedom exchanged for control of
security, especially against suspected terrorists
(Patriot Act)
⚫Fear/Misunderstandings of Radical Muslims or
anyone who might be from the Middle East
How America has changed since
9/11?

48. ⚫Some pictures, information, and slides came from
professor Max Wise class
Work Cited Page

49. ⚫The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright
⚫The 9/11 Commission Report
⚫American Foreign Policy in a New Era by Robert Jarvis
⚫The Search for Al Qaeda by Bruce Riedel
⚫Mastermind (KSM) by Richard Miniter
Resources and Books