Ranse J. (2013). Injury patterns and crowd behaviour at mass gathering events. Sex, Drugs, and Rock and Roll - St John Ambulance Australia (ACT), Canberra, ACT, 14th September.
Injury patterns and crowd behaviour at mass gathering events
1. INJURY PATTERNS AND CROWD BEHAVIOUR
AT MASS GATHERING EVENTS
Jamie Ranse
Assistant Professor
University of Canberra
www.jamieranse.com
twitter.com/jamieranse
youtube.com/jamieranse
linkedin.com/in/jamieranse
2. • Definition
• Conceptual model
• Workload characteristics
• Workload prediction
• Event design
• Event managers
• Case study
overview
3. definition
Class Subclass Persons Resources Example
Mass gathering
Small 200 – 1,500 Local area Local fair
Medium 1,500 – 10,000 Local area Local sports game
Large 10,000 – 100,000 Local +/- State Concert
Major mass gathering 100,000 – 250,000 State +/- Interstate
Music festival
Agricultural show
Super mass gathering 250,000 – 500,000 State and Interstate Motor sports event
Extreme mass
gathering
500,000 – 1,000,00
National +/-
international
Religious festival
Mega mass gathering 1,000,000+
National and
International
Olympics
5. workload characteristics
• Other extreme events
• Can we predict workload?
temperature
bounded or not
ETOH / drug availability
humidity
participant numbers
day / nightindoors / outdoors
crowd behaviour
• What factors influence workload / presentations?
level of onsite care
age of participants
duration
geography
15. To understand the characteristics of people who
present as patients to on-site health care at outdoor
music festivals in Australia
aim
16. • Retrospective review of patient report forms
• 26 outdoor music festivals
• Four different states of Australia
• Minimum data set
– Illness
– Injury
– Environmental
– Mental Health
design and setting
17. • 4950 presentations
• Almost two thirds were female (n=3087, 62.4%)
• The mean age of all patient presentations was 21.3
(±5.8) years
• The majority of patients (n=3875, 78.3%) were ≤25
years of age
demographics
18. • The majority of patient presentations (n=2766,
55.9%) presented with illness related concerns
• The risk of illness was 1.7 times (OR=1.71; 95% CI
1.51-1.94; p<0.001) higher for females than males
in the ≤25 year age group
• Most common presenting problem was headache
(n=1389, 52.9%).
• Pain (n=264 10%), asthma (n=216 8.2%), and
nausea and vomiting (n=211 8%)
illness
19. • The risk of a female sustaining an injury was
almost half (OR=0.54; 95% CI 0.47-0.62; p<0.001)
that of males
• The main types of injury presentations were
superficial lacerations (n=281; 20.4%); sprain or
strains (n=268; 19.2%), and head injuries
(concussion) (n=168; 11.9%)
• Crushing injuries; blisters and foreign bodies;
external to eye was significantly higher for
females than males
injury
20. • Alcohol related presentations most common (n=250
32.8%)
• Substance related (n=135 17.7%),
• Combined alcohol and substance use (n=125 16.4%)
• Heat exhaustion more prevalent for females (p=<0.001),
while substance related presentations more prevalent for
males (p=<0.001)
environment
21. • Gender didn’t demonstrate a significant risk for
mental health related presentations
• 29 cases overall: average of one per event
mental health
22. • Most patients returned to the event
• Environmental-related category highest TTHR
outcome
23. INJURY PATTERNS AND CROWD BEHAVIOUR
AT MASS GATHERING EVENTS
Jamie Ranse
Assistant Professor
University of Canberra
www.jamieranse.com
twitter.com/jamieranse
youtube.com/jamieranse
linkedin.com/in/jamieranse