Microteaching Slides for the intoduction and Basics

1. POST TRAUMATIC STRESS
DISORDER
DR JITHIN OUSEPH
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2. OBJECTIVES
• Introduction
• Clinical features
• Development and Course
• Gender-Related Diagnostic issues
• Management
• Rubrics
• Few common remedies
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3. 3

4. • Traumatic events or disasters, are often events difficult to
predict, prevent and control.
• Victims of disasters are people, who have survived a
sudden, unexpected, overwhelming stress, that is
beyond normally expected in life, like floods,
earthquakes, riots, terrorism etc.
• Other victims are relatives of survivors and rescue workers. 4

5. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Most characteristic – “re-experiencing symptoms”.
• Includes flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive images/sounds.
• Intentional recall is disorganized, some have amnesia for
part of event.
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6. • Reminders arouse intense distress / physiological
reactions, thus are consequently “avoided”.
• The most commonly reported symptoms after a disaster
are sleeplessness, anxiety, depression, and constant,
overwhelming bereavement.
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7. • Hyper arousal symptoms –
• hypervigilance
• exaggerated startle responses
• irritability
• difficulty concentrating
• sleep problems
• Some may “ruminate” excessively about questions – Why?
,How to prevent/take revenge?
• Sense of ‘numbness’ and emotional blunting,
unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia. 7

8. DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE
• PTSD can occur at any age, beginning after the first year
of life.
• The symptoms onset follows the trauma with a latency
period which may range from a few weeks to months (but
rarely exceeds 6 months)(DSM V-begin within the first 3
months ). The course is fluctuating but recovery can be
expected in the majority of cases.
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9. • Although there may be a delay of months, or even years,
before criteria for the diagnosis are met (called as
"delayed expression“).
• In a small proportion of patients the condition may show a
chronic course over many years and a transition to an
enduring personality change.
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10. GENDER-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC ISSUES
• PTSD is more prevalent among females than among males
across the lifespan.
• Females in the general population experience PTSD for a
longer duration than do males.
• greater likelihood of exposure to traumatic events, such as
rape, and other forms of interpersonal violence.
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11. MANAGEMENT
• The primary treatment is psychotherapy, but can also include
medication.
• Several types of psychotherapy, also called talk therapy, may be
used to treat children and adults with PTSD.
• Followed by symptomatic treatment.
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12. HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
• Hahnemann classification :
• Mental diseases of acute origin.
• Needs Acute remedy
• Followed by deep acting anti psoric medicines.
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13. RUBRICS
• MIND - WEEPING, tearful mood - tendency - sad - thoughts, at
• alum. am-m. carb-v. cina crot-c. granit-m. kali-c. kali-p. Lac-d. lob. nux-v. phel. plat.
stram.
• MIND - AILMENTS from - grief, sorrow, care
• aeth. alum. alumin-p. am-m. Ambr. aml-ns. anac. ant-c. Apis Arn. ars. art-v. aur-ar. aur-s.
AUR. bar-s. bell. BRY. cadm-s. cael. Calc-p. Calc. caps. carc. CAUST. cham. clem.
COCC. colch. Coloc. Con. Crat. crot-c. crot-h. cycl. cypr. dig. Dros. Gels. Graph. guar.
Hura Hyos. IGN. ip. Kali-br. kali-c. kali-fcy. kali-p. LACH. lact-v. laur. lob-c. lob-s. lyc.
mag-c. merc. naja nat-c. NAT-M. nit-ac. nux-m. Nux-v. op. petr. PH-AC. phos. phys. pic-
ac. Plat. psor. Puls. pyrus rhus-t. Samb. Sep. seq-s. Sol-o. spig. STAPH. stram. sulph.
tarent. tub. Uran-n. verat. Zinc.
• MIND - AILMENTS from - shock
• MIND - DWELLS on - past disagreeable occurrences
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14. FEW COMMON REMEDIES
• Aconite
• Ignatia
• Natrum mur
• Puls
• Gels
• Nux Vom
• Medorrhinum
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15. CONCLUSION
• Posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is the development of
characteristic symptoms following exposure to one or more
traumatic events.
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16. REFERENCE
• Short Text book of psychiatry – Niraj ahuja
• Synopsis of psychiatry – kaplan and sodock
• Radar software
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18. THANK YOU
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