Reliance On Technology

Reliance on Technology
Rodger Covino 21NOV13 COM/150 Week 7 – Introduction and Conclusion Today, the world is
more dependent on technology than ever before. More than 90% of Americans own a computerized
device (Gahran, 2011). People received text messages and emails on their cell phones, go online to
order food, cars are able to park themselves, and while driving, the lights are controlled by
centralized computer system (Greenman, 1998). The truth of the matter is, that people have become
so dependent on technology that they are not prepared for any type of service interuptions. With
non–disaster related blackouts up 124% since the early 90's (Patterson, 2010) and the increase in
disruptive weather patterns, people should start taking steps to sever their ... Show more content on
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Amazon has many reports of fraud concerning both buyers and sellers. Since Amazon is only the
company who brings the two parties together, they will investigate but are not liable for fraud. The
ads that Google uses have been unknowingly infected with viruses and malware (Mills, 2010). The
people behind the Google viruses and the Amazon fraud have one goal; to steel your money. With
these sites being accessible on mobile devices, makes it that much easier to acquire. Devices such as
cell phones and laptops can make people lose focus on what they are doing. For example, in the
article "Tweet less, kiss more", Bob Herbert talks about a certain female driver who almost caused
an accident along the Washington–New York Highway. She was talking on her cell phone while
driving recklessly by changing lanes carelessly. That careless driving could have caused a serious
accident in which could have led to severe bodily injury or, worse, death to her or other drivers. This
act shows that over reliance on communication devices may cause people to lose concentration and
focus when it is needed the most. Technology has had a huge effect on the way people
communicate. A lot of people have gotten rid of their old wired phones in favor of only having a cell
phone. A study in June 2010 showed that more than one in four homes only has cellular service, up
from 13.6 percent in 2007 (Blumberg, 2011). It is not just urban areas that have seen an increase in
cellular
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Implementing Basic Designs And Architectures Of Self...
Self–Organizing Network Functions and Architectures Mitch Harris Murray State University TSM
321 Abstract The purpose of this write up is to introduce fundamental designs and architectures of
Self–Organizing Networks. This concept was presented during the transitional period from 3G to 4G
technology. During this period mobile communications began to grow rapidly. Self–Organizing
Network functions are separated into three major groups: self–configuration, self–optimization, and
self–healing. Self–configuration allows devices to function properly with a system the instant they
are connected. Self–optimization supports networks by examining the performance of a system and
modifying procedures to operate at an efficient level. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this period cellular or mobile communications has begun to rapidly grow. The amount of
time spent on network allocation, concentration, usage, and maintenance for these newer
technologies were starting to become more complicated. The Third Generation Partnership project
(3GPP) and Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) organizations were the first to introduce
the Self–Organizing Network (SON) concept. This new technological automation concept was
specifically designed to make planning, configuring, managing, optimizing, and troubling shooting
networks simpler and more efficient. The first technology to incorporate SON features into its
design was LTE, but SON was also designed to support older technologies such as UMTS. With this
capability base stations would be capable of optimizing specific parameters with complex
algorithms that would observe performance and enhance the network. Self–Organizing Network
Functions SON functions are commonly separated into three major groups, each of which contain a
broad range of algorithmic equations. These groups are commonly referred to as: – Self–
Configuration – Self–Optimization – Self–Healing Self–Organizing Networks – Self Configuration
The self–configuration feature of SON allows new cell locations to be added using a Plug and Play
approach. This approach allows devices to function properly with a system the

Energy Efficient Wireless Network For Green Radio Project
Energy Efficient Architectures and Key Techniques to Enable Energy Efficient Wireless Network in
green radio project
Abstract:
Technical innovations changed every day life as fast and profoundly as the massive use of personal
mobile communications. With rapid increase of modern communications networks, problems like
emission of CO2 and energy consumption has emerged which have a potential adverse impact upon
the environment and their operating energy costs are also increasing. Since 2006, data traffic on
mobile networks has been increasing at a rate of approximately 300% and is expected to grow even
at much faster rate. This has forced the researchers to address how to design future wireless
networks which can reduce the energy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 2007, analyst Gartner reported that ICT sector share about 2% in carbon emissions. It might
appear small at first sight but the overall footprint of the whole ICT sector is expected to double
between 2007 and 2020. Mobile data traffic is going to increase dramatically in the next 5 years and
one of the main reason is increase in mobile video traffic. In developing countries, electricity
connections may not be directly available. So, for example, Vodafone uses extra 1 million gallons of
gas per day to provide power their network. The above example gives us an idea of how the energy
is consumed by the information technology. They are increasing energy costs with larger base
station site densities which leads to increase in energy price. Many companies have decided to
reduce carbon emissions, for example Vodafone has set a target to reduce it CO2 emissions by
approximately 50% by 2020. From an operators perspective, lowering of operating expenditure is
possible with reduce in energy consumption. 3% of world wide energy is used by the Information
and Communication architecture which is causing 2% of world wide CO2 emmission. The main key
reason behind the development of mobile VCE green radio program is to reduce carbon emissions
(CO2) and Reduction in operating expenditure for wireless cellular networks. The challenge of
energy reduction should be achieved without compromise in the quality of service which is
experienced by the

Pros & Cons
CELLULAR NETWORKS
Pro 's:
Cost:
Most wireline phone companies charge more than what you 'd pay for most alternatives, and some
are taxed more as well. There are some locations where getting new wired phone service is
prohibitively expensive or even impossible. Long Distance and extra features like Call Waiting are
normally included with alternative phones.
More Features:
Cellular and broadband phones normally include Long Distance, Voice Mail, Caller ID, Call
Forwarding and more, usually at no additional charge. They also have Text Messaging and various
forms of data service which are unavailable with a landline.
Portability:
If you move your home more than average (or if it 's on wheels), your phone and your number can
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It does work with some broadband phone systems. Your satellite service can still work without it,
but you will most likely pay an extra charge.
Reliability:
Wired telephone services have come as close to 100% reliable as is practical. Their network has
substantial power backup, redundant circuits and years to get it right. Alternatives are improving but
their networks can vary significantly. Cell sites and other communications nodes have a limited
amount of backup power. In an extended power outage, such as after a hurricane or snowstorm, the
service may not work, leaving you with no service. Corded phones work in power failures. Cable
phones also have a lower level of reliability.
Sound Quality:
Some alternative phones don 't sound the same or as good as a landline. While your alternative
phone may sound fine to you, it may be difficult for others. Also, some broadband phone services
just dump their audio into the Internet resulting in widely varying data travel times giving you
significant sound delays.
Lack of Service:
You may be in a location where there are no wireless broadband alternatives or may have poor
cellular coverage. This might be rectified by adding a 'cell site ' to your home.
Broadband Speeds:
While there are some fairly fast wireless broadband connections, it may be some time before they
will compare to wired or cable connections.

Malfunctions:
Cell sites can stop working for various reasons. Repairs often need

Development Of Wireless Mobile Telecommunication Essay
The purpose of the paper is to focus on the development of wireless mobile telecommunication.
Firstly, cellular network technology is introduced to understand the basis of wireless mobile
telecommunication. And then the history evolvement of mobile telephone systems is investigated to
help know the background of fourth–generation wireless communication (4G). Finally, the standard
of 4G, different categories, the spread spectrum radio technologies as well as potential benefits and
problems that come with it are discussed. Especially, LTE standard is further explained, including
FDD–LTE, TDD–LTE and LTE advanced.
Cellular Network
In the development history of data communications and telecommunications, one of the most
significant advances has been the cellular networks technology, which is the foundation of wireless
mobile telecommunication and supports users in locations that are not easily served by wired
networks. It is the underlying technology for mobile telephones, wireless Internet and mobile web
applications, and so on.
Cellular network is a network where the last connection is wireless. In cellular network multiple
low–power transmitters are used, with 100 W or less, thus, the spread range of such a transmitter is
small, dividing an area into cells. A band of frequencies is allocated to each cell and each cell is
served by a base station (BS), including of transmitter, receiver, and control unit. The base station
provides wireless network coverage which can be used

Competitive Advantage Of Samsung
Article Assignment #2 This written article analysis is due on Thursday, September 28, 2017 by
10:50 a.m. Questions for Article Assignment #2 Analysis: "Apple Acknowledges Cellular
Connectivity Problems in New Watch" – Wall Street Journal – September 28, 2017 1. What kind of
damage could the news in this article do to Apple in trying to sustain a competitive advantage over
its major competitor, Samsung? Clearly explain your answer by describing the threat that this news
could be to the Apple Watch. Competitive advantage is when one organization outperforms another
organization or provide greater value for customers than their competitors can provide. Apple has
consistently had the competitive advantage when it comes to technology. In similar terms "if you
want an apple product you buy the apple product no matter the price". Many consumers are now
buying Apple products despite the quality of the product, but because of the name brand. Recently,
there have been serious technical issues with the new Apple Watch. As Apple has yet to sort out
these kinks, they could potentially be losing customers to their biggest competitor, Samsung. Apple
is not the first to create a smart watch that connects with cellular data. Samsung was the first
electronics company to create and design a watch that runs on your cellular data. However, there
current model has received some complaints, as it is not as appealing to consumers compared to the
Apple watch. While Samsung's design is

Erik Peterson Case
Section 1 Group 11 Eric Peterson Case
I. BACKGROUND: CelluComm and GMCT and the Industry AT&T's Bell Laboratories cellular
telephone networking innovation had enabled several cellular network operators to get licenses from
the FCC to operate in separate license territories right about the same time AT&T was broken up in
early 1980s. These operators were either companies like Cellular Communication Services, Inc.
(CelluComm) or small entrepreneurs who had won license territories through the lottery system.
CelluComm's president and founder Ric Jenkins was known for being an aggressive businessman
who had extended it to a 200 million dollar enterprise ranking in the top 20 of the industry. Key to ...
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At the beginning he was told to report to Jenkins, however, once he got to the site he was assigned
to Jeff Hardy. After the company reorganization, he found himself wondering whether he should
report to Knight or Hardy. However, despite the confusion, he never brought up this question to
Hardy, Jenkins or Knight. He perhaps then fell into the trap of a "boss
subordinate relationship" and
went with the structure he felt was assigned without truly understanding its reasoning. ii. He didn't
take enough time to understand HQ's perspective on various issues a. Replacing the chief engineer,
rejecting frequency reuse patterns, or failing to get sign off on agreements for GMCT cell sites
indicate failures in managing upward management relationships. Problem #2: Employee Dynamics
Strengths 1. Peterson was committed to building an empowering environment for employees. i.
Peterson called weekly construction meetings, which invited all to report on the company's weekly
progress and issues. Shortcomings 2. He failed to consider alterations in team dynamics when
making hiring and salary decisions. i. He hired Trevor at a higher salary rate to the resentment of
other employees, causing significant damage to the trust and respect between employee and
manager.
3
Section 1 Group 11 Eric Peterson Case
ii. Despite efforts at open communication between employees, he was unable to get the support of
key players needed for the operation. a.

How Do Cell Phones Affect Dna
Cell phones operate with radio frequencies, the cell phones use a lot from the waves
and the waves help. Cell phones do not emit ionizing radiation, the type that damages DNA. The
celluar technology Does works on a system geographically its seperated zones are called cells.
Majority of the cells have its own base station that both and it receivs and it also emits the radio
waves. When the call is then placed from the cell phone and then the signal is sent from
the cell phones antenna to one of the cell's base station called the antenna. Once the base
station transfers the calls to the switiching center the call is then transferred to
another cell phone. Once one of the RF channel is modulated one of the radio signals are then

President Of Csea 's A Productive Labor Management Meeting
Tami Castelluccio, President of CSEA had a productive labor management meeting with Assistant
Superintendent Rogenski and Director of Classified HR Nancy Gamache. CSEA shared a survey
they would like to send to Unit 3 members to get feedback and to use in meetings with the Special
Education department. Friday, September 30th was staff development which was a day of learning
and camaraderie for the classified staff. Ms. Castelluccio noted that CSEA is working to get out the
vote for Proposition 55. Ann Katzburg, President of SRVEA shared that SRVEA's focus has been on
hate and intolerance and Ms. Katzburg attended a conference with that focus. Last week SRVEA
held a community engagement meeting with community leaders. Ms. Katzburg ... Show more
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Many schools have denied and opted out of cell towers on their sites as they do not believe it is safe
for their students. Carrie Nevis reviewed a federal government report which was released in May of
2016 from the National Toxicology Program. To date it is the largest study done and while
inconclusive and requires more research, it does state there is something going on regarding radio
frequency fields. Ms. Nevis suggests we place the cell tower in another location where it will not
impact children and community members. Aric Gurovith is a resident of Danville and has 2
daughters in the District, he feels since we do not have a 100% guarantee that there will be no long
term effects, the District should not take the chance. Mary Beedle noted that according to
information she has read there was some analysis done previously where three schools were
identified and Cal High was chosen at that time for a cell tower. She would like to know why there
is a need for another cell tower and who is identifying the need. She would also like to know if the
need is identified by Verizon, why their map shows the highest coverage possible in the San Ramon
Valley. She noted there is currently a cell tower in the commercial district of downtown Danville.
She would like to know the sources the Board used previously to help make their decision on the
safety of a cell tower, and she

Applying A Cellular Tower On The Proposed Site
sole authority to grant or deny the special use permit to allow them to construct a cellular tower on
the proposed site. The Board of County Commissioners, sitting as the Zoning Board of Appeals, has
the authority to approve the zoning variance. The zoning variance will be presented to the Board in
December if the special use permit is approved. Ms. Wallingford–Ingo stated a notion was made in
the recommendation section of staff's review. She stated there is a process that requires a
telecommunications carrier to co–locate on other towers before applying for a new special use
permit for a tower. A telecommunications tower cannot be built in excess of the maximum height
limitation imposed within a specific zone. As a matter of clarification, Mr. Powell has indicated that
they have placed this tower where the County directed them to do so. She had several conversations
over the duration of three to four months with one of Mr. Powell's colleagues relative to the location
of the proposed tower and staff's concerns relative to the placement of such. When the applicant
submitted the special use permit application, the zoning maps indicated the proposed site was in the
A–2 Zone District. Upon review of the application, it was determined that the zone district line on
the digital map, which are not the official zoning maps, was A–3. This is when the height limitation
came into effect. The initial analysis of the placement of the facility was based on a zone district

Report On Cellular Systems And Computer Science
Report on Cellular Technology
Submitted by,
Ganesh Babu kavuri
Under the guidance,
Bijan Karimi Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Tailgate School of
Engineering University of New Haven
Serial# Topics
1. Objective
2. Cellular Concepts and basics
3. Cellular system Architecture
4. Multiple Access schemes for cellular system
5. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
6. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)
7. Single Carrier– Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC–FDMA)
8. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
9. TDMA Frame
10. TDMA Evolution
11. Global System for Mobile (GSM)
12. GSM Network Architecture
13. Interim Standard–136
14. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
15. TDD FDD Duplex Schemes
16. Cellular handoff
17. Summary
18. References
OBJECTIVE
Cellular systems are widely used today and cellular technology needs to offer very efficient use of
the available frequency spectrum. With billions of mobile phones in use around the globe today.
Cellular refers to a network technology that facilitates mobile device communication over areas
comprised of cells and transceivers, which are also known as base stations or cell sites. In a cellular
network, the most widely used mobile transceivers are mobile phones, or cell phones.

Road Traffic And Dynamic Nature Of Road Conditions An...
Project Proposal
Project Title: Towards Efficient security in Vehicular Ad–Hoc Networks
1. Abstract:
With ever increasing on road traffic and dynamic nature of road conditions an intelligent
transportation system (ITS) is essential. Vehicular ad–hoc networks (VANETS) takes the
responsibility in implementing ITS and is a promising communication scenario for traffic
management and safety. VANETs possess unique characteristics like high mobility of nodes, rapid
change in the neighbor nodes, stringent deadline for authentication, association times, no fixed
infrastructure etc. Though VANETs closely resembles Mobile Ad–hoc Networks traditional security
mechanisms are not suitable. This dissertation aims to describe and analyze the most representative
VANET security developments and propose an efficient implementation focusing on key exchange
and key management aspects, simulating and evaluating the same in OPNET environment.
Abbreviations:
ITS Intelligent Transportation System
VANET Vehicular Ad–hoc Networks
MANET Mobile Ad–hoc Networks
OPNET Operation network Evaluation Tool
P2P Peer to peer
DCA Distributed Certification Authority
TTP Trusted Third party
V2V Vehicle to Vehicle Communication
RVC Roadside to Vehicle Communication
DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications
AODV Ad–hoc on–demand Distant vector protocol
OLSR Optimized Link State Routing Protocol
OBU On Board Unit.
RSU Road Side Unit.
2. Introduction & background
Traditional wireless networks are of two types

Analyzing The Proposed Calculations On The System Of Wifi...
MEASUREMENT SCENARIO We set up a testbed to assess the proposed calculations. Two
entrance systems, WiFi and Ethernet are joined with the VAN server, and the VAN server
additionally functions as the door to people in general Internet. The WiFi connection is constrained
to 2 Mbps, the Ethernet join for imitating the Cellular connection is restricted to 4 Mbps to consider
asset limits, for example, foundation traﬃc, for instance. The high edge β is situated to 50 s and the
discriminating limit off is situated to 20 s. We arbitrarily select 10 distinctive YouTube features with
differing bit rates, each with a greatest determination of 1080p and least length of 20 minutes. A
complete assessment run comprises of 10 runs every feature and determination, each with a length
of time of 1000 s. Amid the runs, the accompanying parameters are measured: the cradled recess in
seconds, the player state, which is either slowing down or playing, the current throughput, and the
utilization proportion of WiFi and cell correspondences in connection to the current throughput. The
application particular parameters, including supported recess and player state, are measured at the
customer, while the system parameters, for example, throughput and utilization proportion, are
measured at the VAN server. To measure the advantage of the calculations, we consider the
accompanying execution measurements: Nature of Experience (QoE): QoE shows how fulfilled a
client is with YouTube feature playback.

Wireless Based Third Generation ( 3g ) Wireless Network
UMTS–BASED third–generation (3G) cellular network can be seen operating & working in many
of the countries across the globe. The 3G networks offer a substantial increase in the capacity for
data and voice communications compared to the 2G or 2.5G networks. The 3G networks are built on
WCDMA. HSDPA [2] is an updated version of Release 99 versions of the 3G networks, providing
as high as possible downlink speed of 10 Mbps. We will be going to examine 3G network capacity
and delay performances of IP–based applications on 3G and HSDPA networks. Extensive efforts are
being taken to find the high no. of users that CDMA–based systems can support while maintaining
the desired quality of service for everyone [3], [4]. But these are more useful for preliminary
capacity approximation and network planning purposes. There have been a measurement studies on
3G networks but are mainly focused on the performance of pure data traffic under lightly loaded or
controlled environments [9]. Another study [14] was done which separately measured the voice and
data call capacities of an experimental 3G network. However, the measurements were conducted in
a fully controlled environment, where the network configuration consisted of only one cell, with the
admission control disabled. The study describes the performance of live 3G networks under
saturated conditions by usage of data, video, and voice traffic. Field measurements were conducted
on three commercial 3G networks in Hong Kong with the

Present Wireless Scenario Consists Of Homogeneous Network...
Present wireless scenario consists of homogeneous network and heterogeneous networks. In
homogeneous network each base station has similar transmit power level, antenna pattern, receiver
noise floor and similar backhaul connectivity. But this type of network has disadvantage of coverage
hole. In heterogeneous network the macro BSs is collocated with micro, pico and femto cells. This
arrangement increases overall spectral efficiency per unit area (capacity) of the network. Whereas
small cell like micro, pico, femto and relays are used to avoid coverage hole and to provide mobility
to the users. Not only this relays can be used to provide backhaul connectivity, where wire line link
is not possible or are expensive to deploy. As determined by the information theoretic capacity
limits, current cellular systems have evolved to a point where a system with one BS achieves near
optimal performance. Researchers are now moving towards more advanced heterogeneous network
topology which will bring the network more closely to the mobile user leading to further capacity
gains [46–49]. HetNets will significantly improve the spectral efficiency per unit area by utilizing a
diverse set of BSs. 1.4 Elements of Heterogeneous Network Heterogeneous deployment need to use
innovative cell association and inter–celling interference coordination techniques in order to realize
the promised capacity and coverage gains. A typical heterogeneous wireless technology as shown in
figure 1.4 has the

Who Is Adnan Syed Innocent
Adnan Syed's Innocence
When one is guilty, it means that he or she is "culpable of or responsible for a specified
wrongdoing" or, "having committed an offense, crime, violation, or wrong, especially against moral
or penal law; justly subject to a certain accusation or penalty." If someone is charged as guilty, they
have broken a law or performed an unjust or immoral act to deserve punishment. However, this does
not mean that through reasonable suspicion that an individual can be determined as guilty. It means
that "a defendant is innocent until proven guilty. In other words, the prosecution must prove, beyond
a reasonable doubt, each essential element of the crime charged." In other words, a particular person
must be proven guilty of a crime through proof and evidence. In the story provided by Serial, Sarah
Koenig narrates the case of the murder of Hae Min Lee. Seventeen years ago, on January 13, Hae
Min Lee, a senior at Woodlawn High School, was reported missing. Weeks later, her body is found
and the cause of her death was determined to be manual strangulation. Her ex–boyfriend, Adnan
Musud Syed, was convicted of her murder and sentenced to life plus thirty years in prison. The case
against him was mainly based on the story of one witness, Jay Wilds. Now, past reporter and
journalist, Sarah Koenig is reopening this case to find out what really happened. Through
documents, police interrogations, testimonies, and interviews, she collects evidence to look for the
answer.

Cellular Wireless With Unlimited Numbers Of Base Station...
Summary of "Noncooperative Cellular Wireless with Unlimited Numbers of Base Station Antennas"
EE –584–Wireless Systems Security XIAN ZHANG Email: xzhang84@stevens.edu Fundamental
ideas and Issues paper addresses 1 Core ideas 1 2 Core ideas 2 3 Potential applications & future
opportunities created by the technology 4 Reference 5 Summary of Fundamental Ideas and Issues
Addresses The paper I read is "Noncooperative Cellular Wireless with Unlimited Numbers of Base
Station Antennas" written by Thomas L. Marzetta. This paper was published in IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 9, NO.11, NOVEMBER 2010.
The pilot signal is a direct sequence spread spectrum signal continuously sending by the base
station. It makes the base station could send data in the forward–link and demodulate cell phone
signals in the reverse–link. The pilot signal is known as confessed, like 000000 or 111111. In
frequency re–use technology, we divide the space into several cells. Due to the same or correlated
pilot sequence re–use in contiguous cells, the base station will inadvertently send data to terminals
in other cells or collect and combine reverse–link signals from terminals in other cells when
processing. This is called pilot contamination. In this paper, the author mainly talk about the
environment of multi–user(MIMO) operation with an infinite number antennas in the base station.
He thinks that in this

Handoff In Cellular Systems Essay
Handoff in Cellular Systems Submitted By: Parveen kumar(15MT ECE008) Priyanka(15MT
ECE010) Garima(15MT ECE003) Abstract The Mobility in wireless cellular communication
systems is its backbone so as to enhance the quality of service and maintain the continuous service.
Handoff is an important task in maintaining the continuity of call in cellular systems and its failure
can result in ongoing call termination. So handoffs are necessary for providing an enhanced QoS
(Quality of Service) to users and provide a ubiquitous coverage. In order to successfully implement
the handoff process, the system designers make a proper optimum signal level at which point
handoff will initiate. During the handoff process some parameters like relative signal strength,
relative signal strength with threshold, relative signal strength with hysteresis and relative signal
strength with hysteresis and threshold are to be considered carefully. So this paper shows the brief
description about the different handoff techniques in cellular systems moreover it compares all the
handoff strategies on the basis of execution time, S/I ratio, RSS (Relative Signal Strength), call
handling difficulty, handoff made and generation

Mobile Network Advantages And Disadvantages
Enhance the network reliability and reduce the cost efficiency always been a major challenge for the
cellular network operator and there is no magic solution to that demand [14]. With evolution of
mobile network, the capacity requirement of transport network from the core raises significantly
[18]. The major backhaul challenges that mobile network operator had to deal with up to 4G
network includes capacity, availability, deployment cost, and long distance reach [16]. But, 5G
network will interconnect billions of new start devices with the numerous use cases and services,
which will support machine–to–machine (M2M) services and Internet of Things (IoT) to the mobile
network [6, 8]. This new smart devices will not only enhance the backhaul capacity requirement, but
it will also add two additional challenges in the backhaul network–(a) ultra–low latency of ~1ms
(round trip) connectivity requirements, and (b) denser small cell deployment. This section describes
the 5G backhaul requirements and potential challenges. A. Capacity It is envisioned that 5G will
interconnect everything to the mobile network wirelessly that can be characterized by the
tremendous increase in the number of connectivity and traffic volume density [25]. According to the
forecast, the capacity density (i.e., the required capacity for a given area) will increase by 1000
times compared to the capacity density in current mobile network (i.e., 4G/4.5G) [26]. The clear
effect of this increase is more capacity

Using A Warrant Should Not Be Allowed Essay
Many cases have been brought to court and are continuing to be brought that say location tracking
without a warrant should not be allowed. The argument most often used is that it is a violation of the
right to privacy. A warrant is not the only way to obtain these records nor should it be. There are
valid reasons that data can be obtained through other methods. The issue is across many platforms of
digital communication but the most prominent and easiest to explain is with cell phones. The use of
historical location tracking data is not a violation of privacy, in fact there is no right to privacy as
most understand the term.
We are tracked almost constantly as participants of todays interconnected world. Every time we
connect to the internet whether it be using a desktop, laptop, tablet, or smart phone that connection
and the traffic passed is tracked. Even the infotainment systems in our cars such as the Onstar
system available in some General Motors vehicles is capable of tracking and in turn reporting out
locations. The IP address of the device used and the addresses connected to are tracked. If location
services are turned on as many applications require to function, then that is tracked as well.
Companies collect this information for many reasons with a major one being to sell targeted ads to
us based on where we are and what we normally do. This is something we agree to as part of the
user agreements as often if it is not agreed to the application will not work or at

Essay On Environmental Factors Affecting Cell Phone Company
Environmental Factors The environmental factors of integrating a cell phone company into India are
an important factor of globalization of a company. It is important to look at what will be affected
environmentally as well as how the environment, climate, and topography of a location can be poor
or beneficial. If a region is known to have inclement weather, it may not be worth the costs of
building there. Ecological consequences, cost of energy in a region, and the disposal of material
should all be looked at when debating the addition of a cell phone company. All of the follow factors
must be considered for a successful launch and expansion into India. Infrastructure The
infrastructure of a company must first be possible and plausible before it can be integrated into a
new community. The average cost of building a cellphone tower is reported at $150,000. This
amount can fluctuate with the availability of land and air rights. Vertically, these towers can range in
height from 200ft to 2,000ft depending on the type of tower. Horizontally, the ideal area of land
needed ranges from 1,000 to 10,000 square feet (Schmidt). The geographical and topographical
position of these towers can add or lower costs. Highly mountainous areas may cause more of an
issue then a flat terrain. When this factor is added, the surround wildlife must also then be examined.
In addition to the towers, operating plants and retail stores must all be considered. The location of
these structures should be

Is Adnan Guilty Or Innocent?
A lot of people wonder if Adnan Syed is guilty or innocent, today as a legal assistant I'm going to
tell you one important reason why he is innocent. Adnan is not guilty because there is another
potential suspect like Jay. Jay's story that "proves" Adnan's guilt, has changed every interview and
testimony. Jay had intimate knowledge of the crime he knew things, like if he knew every single
thing that Adnan was thinking about which makes everything looked suspicious. Also Jay's stories
don't quite match Adnan's cell records. Every time Jay was asked to give his testimony his story
changed and he never really had an exact story of what happened that day or why Adnan would have
killed Hae Min Lee. In the trial testimony Jay was asked why Adnan killed Hae and he said,
"because Hae made him mad." In Jay's second testimony he responded to the same question with a
different reason "because Hae had broken his heart." ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example he knew the time that Hae was buried in Leakin Park at around 7:00 pm, he said. Also
he knew where the shovel(s) used to bury Hae were thrown away he said in Super Fresh. He knew
that Hae's body was at the car when Adnan "supposedly" kill her, and not only that he also knew the
location of Hae's car . He is the key source of this case he knows basically every detail of the
murder, even though he says that he didn't really had anything to do it seems that after all he was
implicated in the case more than he implies. In one of the interviews Jay was asked by the detective
"What happened to her shoes?" and he said "He told me he left them in the car." Is really weird that
he knew every single detail they could have talk about anything but they decide to talk about where
Hae shoes were left? It seems like if he knows more than he should which makes the audience doubt
of whether he is really being honest or he is just covering himself for something he

Wireless Access And The Transmission Bandwidth
Abstract– The demand for wireless access is permanently growing and the transmission bandwidth
is limited. Higher data rates and signal quality is always desired among the users; therefore a more
efficient use of the frequency resource is needed to fill the user capacity needs. Space Division
Multiple Access (SDMA) is used to increase the capacity given by regular multiple access
techniques (FDMA, TDMA and CDMA) using the user position information to provide access to the
best communication channel based on their spatial location. This paper presents Smart Antenna
techniques applied to SDMA systems as an efficient frequency usage technique.
Key Words – Base station, Beamforming, Code division multiple–access (CDMA), Dynamic
Channel ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The spectrum is limited, but multiple access techniques allow a large number of mobile users to
share the same allocated spectrum efficiently and use the same bandwidth at the same time without
degrading the existing quality of service.
Sending and receiving simultaneously information to and from the base station is desirable among
wireless communication systems. Equipping these base stations with smart antenna arrays enable
beam steering in contrast to sectorized single antenna systems. This make possible to Base Stations
to send data to specific users on the down–link or to receive directed data on the up–link by reusing
channels within a cell for Mobile Stations (MS), spatially separated by smart antenna arrays.
Cellular system divides the area into cells where mobile units are located and aims to increase the
capacity of the channel with an efficient level of quality of service. Channel access can be achieved
through: Frequency division multiple–access (FDMA), Time division multiple–access (TDMA),
Code division multiple–access (CDMA), and Space Division Multiple access (SDMA). In this paper
we will focus on SDMA systems.
SMART ANTENNAAND SPACE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS HISTORY
Smart antennas were developed by the military but as the cellular phone users grew in the 1980s, the
commercial area became more interested in the field. SDMA idea was first introduced in 1947 by
Douglas H. Ring when he wrote about a new way to

Annotated Bibliography On Lte Deployment
IT 377 Graduate research paper LTE deployment in Small cells Submitted by Anuya Prabhu
Abstract: With the advent of high technological advancements in the field of telecommunication, it
has become necessary to provide full capacity network coverage and high data rates to a user at all
places. The research paper will focus on introducing small cells as a solution to the user needs by
giving an overview of different kinds of architectures for LTE deployment in small cells and
coordination techniques for synchronization between these architectures. The research paper will
also include the analysis of mobility between systems working on 3GPP and non 3GPP standards.
Mobile operators are working on Network Densification by deploying ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Assistance with the current macro cell is required to power the small cells and coordinate with
internet and radio backhaul and maintaining the Quality of Service (QOS) in the process [1]. Figure
1 LTE deployment in small cells Why small cells? Small cells are beneficial in terms of the
following aspects: 1) Coverage: Adding capacity to high traffic areas and extend coverage to hard–
to–reach locations and indoor sites. 2) Capacity: Enhancing localized coverage 3) Data offloading:
Providing robust 4G LTE coverage to customers in challenging coverage areas Small cells mainly
consist of the femtocells, picocells, and microcells. The network can also be known by "distributed
radio technology" which consists of centralized baseband units and remote radio heads.
"Beamformingtechnology (focusing a radio signal on a very specific area) can be utilized to further
enhance or focus small cell coverage". The common factor binding all of these technologies is that
all are centrally managed. [13] The range of small is from 10 meters within urban and in–building
locations to 2 km for a rural location. Picocells and microcells can also have a range of a few
hundred meters to a few kilometres, but femto cells do not have the self–arranging capability. [13]
There is need for backhaul to connect the small cells to the core network, internet

Swot Analysis
Safaricom Ltd. SWOT Analysis Author's name Institution Abstract This paper expounds on results
from a SWOT analysis of Safaricom Ltd, a leading mobile network company in Kenya. This
basically describes a research conducted to determine the company's achievements, limitations,
opportunities and challenges. Brief information on the history, management and major undertakings
of the company since it was started are among issues outlined in this paper in a bid to enhance better
understanding of the company's profile and the analysis of its performance. This paper solely
focuses on the analysis that reveals what makes the company tick, what weaknesses it exhibits, as
well as its opportunities and possible threats. Introduction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
(Reddick, 2010).The service has proved to be the perfect consolidation between mobile phones and
banks for different business strategies, considering the veritable convenience of being able to
manage a bank account, pay bills and engage in innumerable financial transactions at the touch of a
button.(Zavoral, 2011) The company has consistently made remarkable growth at a rate of more
than 20% in a relatively short time span of only 14 years, denoting its stability. The company made
an unmatchable profit of 370 million USD in 2007 making it the biggest gainer in the East African
region. The company has maintained a massive subscriber base and built its reputation by providing
reliable services consistently. It has also become popular among its clients by being actively
involved in corporate social responsibility projects that seek to empower the populace both socially
and economically especially through sports and games. Its corporate colour, green, which is
associated with a season of abundance, coupled with its involvement in environmental conservation
has been pivotal in luring clients. (Githinji, 2010) Weaknesses. Although the company won many
clients during its debut years of operation due to its pricing strategy of per second billing, when its
only rival by then, Kencell, embraced per minute billing, the company's call rates are currently the
highest

The Effects Of Radio Frequency Waves On Health
Introduction
With cell phone usage increasing, many individuals have become concerned about the health effects
of radiation from cell phones and cell phone towers. In recent years, various studies have been
conducted to determine whether the radio frequency waves from cell phone towers have a
detrimental effect on health. Current research has yielded inconsistent results regarding the effects
of radio frequency waves, and while the World Health Organization does not view radio frequency
waves as serious risk, more research needs to be done in order to be certain (USDA, 2009). In this
paper I will be addressing the following scenario (Case 4):
A mobile phone base station was installed near a neighborhood in order to provide a better service
coverage in 2008. Over the past 5 years, the local residents complained of headache, memory loss,
dizziness, tremors, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance. They are concerned that the station
has caused neuropsychiatric problems and some changes in the performance of neurobehavioral
functions. They are more worried about their children, as a few cases of leukemia and brain tumor
have been found in young children (aged 1–3) since then.
In an effort to address the issue of radio frequency radiation exposure in this community, we will
provide a background on the sources of radio frequency radiation as well as the known and
suspected health effects. We will also proposed two epidemiological studies and discuss risk
management and

Radio Waves And Transmission Of Mobile Station
Radio waves Transmission
Mobile Station
Base Station
Antennas/Base Station
A Base station or Antenna act as transmitter and receiver of the signals to connect to the mobile
stations. The strength of the network is also affected by the number of mobile station
communicating with the same base station/cell at a given time and the distance from the antennas.
1) For example, the connecting signal between wireless phone and the base station could drop or
end as person calling from that phone drive into a tunnel or walk into a building because the walls of
the building or tunnel blocks the signal to reach to mobile phone . These locations are referred as
"dead zones," "coverage holes," "dead spots" or "obstructed areas."
2) When many people use a same network at the same time and its capacity is overloaded then the
others trying to connect may not be able to connect and may hear a busy tone
3) A cellular network is a wireless network distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at
least one base station/antenna known as a cell site. In this network each cell uses a different set of
frequency so that no neighbor cell can interrupt other's signal.
4) In a mobile phone network these cells are joined together to provide coverage over large areas,
due to the connectivity of these cells a mobile phone can remain connected to the other while
moving from one place to another. Cellular networks offer a number of features:–
More capacity than a single

Case Study Of Zantel Mobile Telecommunication
Introduction
The study assesses customer satisfaction on the services delivery by Zantel mobile
telecommunication. Urban West Region being as a case study .This chapter focuses on the
background of the study, a statement of the problem, objectives and scope of the study. This study
will attempt to explore the customer's satisfaction on the services delivering by Zantel mobile
telecommunication in Zanzibar.
1.1 Background of the Study
The initial introduction of mobile telecommunication was made during 1980s in Europe and Finland
was the first European country that adopted mobile cellular network, followed by Sweden, Norway
and Denmark (ITU, 2009). It was only in 1986 that the first mobile network was launched in France
by France Télécome ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example Etsalat has a long time experience in the industry all over the word. Zantel is using a
collaborative strategy to create value to its customers by collaborating with national and
international institution with common interests in communication services (Zeithaml, 2000).
Currently the company has a roaming agreement that allows it to use Vodacom's masts on mainland
Tanzania to supplement its own. This is strength since Vodacom has good and reliable network
coverage all over the country compared to Tigo which has a limited coverage (Ndukwe, 2004). This
saves cost and time and increase efficiency.
Management ability – The ability of the management to identify its competitors and come up with
the right strategies is strength (Elisante G, 2012).ZANTEL has got only four years of experience in
Tanzania mainland but it has strived to increase its market shares and compete with more
experienced companies (Suhail Sh. 2007). ZANTEL to provide a qualitable communication service
is strength since customers are sure of the quality they expect when they are into

Data on Fixed Lines vs Cellular Essay examples
In this paper I will go over the pros and cons of having a purely fixed line network vs. a purely
cellular network. When making this decision there are several things to consider, the most important
is what this network is going to be used for. I am going to first go over the fixed line network then
follow up with the cellular network. At the end of this paper I will do a recommendation to a new
company that wants to open up a Skype– style service as to whether they should use a fixed line or a
cellular network. Fixed line telephones was the main form of communication in 1877 and this was
the case up to the time when cellular phone came into the world. Fixed lines are in every home and
building today so everyone has the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Network security is very important on any network with a DSL connection on a fixed line there is
no change in the network security. Network security would be handled by a firewall that would be
handled by the modem and of course at the device itself. Then the subscriber or company would
themselves use additional software for further protection. Troubleshooting is handled by both the
subscriber and Telephone Company. There is a way to determine where one ends and the other
begins this is known as the demarcation line. This is usually where the wiring enters the home or
building. But this really depends on if this is a single occupant property or a multiple occupant
property. The failover solution when using a fixed line service for Internet connection would be to
have back up equipment available for the site and for the Telephone Company it would be good to
know at the central office there is additional servers just in case there is a malfunction. When it
comes to the data itself it is always important to have a backup ran on a daily or weekly basis
depending on the importance of the data. When Cellular phones first came out the main use was to
make phone calls. The first generation of the cell phone transmitted information the same analog
format as a fixed line. The second generation (2G) transmission switched to digital which gave cell
phones the ability to
transmit and receive voice and data. When

The Importance Of Government Surveillance In Our Society
Our society is dystopian in that we are being watched by the government. The governments
surveillance ranges from cameras to electronics to even emails. We are told that this constant
surveillance is for our safety and to make it a safe environment for us because their main reason is to
protect us when in fact it may not be their true intentions. Surveillance has been a problem in our
society because people think that there's too much cameras which it's not necessary. People feel like
they are constantly being watched. This increase in surveillance makes us question if the
government is collecting of information for their own good.
According to Detroit News, on the 23rd of March a 23 year old man named Rudy Carcamo–
Carranza was arrested because he was involved in a drunken driving allegations and a hit and run
crash and was also a twice deported worker from El Salvador. Federal investigators used a a device
called Stingray which is designed for counter–terrorism but is used hunt undocumented immigrants.
Based on Aclu, "Stingrays, also known as cell site simulators or IMSI catchers are invasive cell
phone surveillance devices that mimic cell phone towers and send out signals to trick cell phones in
the area into transmitting their locations and identifying information", the device is an example that
at any moment our cellphones can not only be used for law enforcement agencies to track down
undocumented people but also allows the government to have access to our locations

Cell Phones And Health Risks
During my recent searches on this particular subject, I across interesting studies regarding cell
phones and health risks. Cell phones have changed drastically from 20 years ago to present. When
phones first came out they were only in our homes, I recall when I was younger we would go places
and wouldn't have a cell phone to call or text, to let your family know your location, unlike today. In
the early 90's, the bag phone was introduced to the public. These phones were a big deal when they
first came out, you would plug them into your cigarette lighter. When you would call someone it
took a bit for it to go through but once the call went through you could hear someone on the other
line. When you got done with the call you would hang up and once you got home you would zip the
phone up and carry it inside. As a kid, this was very interesting. The cordless cell phones were
quickly developed. If you had a cordless cell phone you were cool. When the cell phones first came
out, your options were limited. At the time talking was the only option available, more options were
available; text, check email, and facebook. The more technology rise; the more you can do on your
phones, from skype to google and even ask your phone questions and it will answer back. When I
did recent research I found that the studies have become more about what the cell phones are doing
to people and their health. In this essay you will learn that throughout history, Scientists have done
studies to find that

Tracking and Positioning of Mobile Systems in...
ABSTRACT
Mobile positioning technology has become an important area of research, for emergency as well as
for commercial services. Mobile positioning in cellular networks will provide several services such
as, locating stolen mobiles, emergency calls, different billing tariffs depending on where the call is
originated, and methods to predict the user movement inside a region. The evolution to location–
dependent services and applications in wireless systems continues to require the development of
more accurate and reliable mobile positioning technologies. The major challenge to accurate
location estimation is in creating techniques that yield acceptable performance when the direct path
from the transmitter to the receiver is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2.1 ARCHITECTURE OF A GEOLOCATION SYSTEM
An example of geolocation system architecture [KOS00] is shown in Figure. As we said earlier, in
order to fix a call the subscriber we are calling must be located accurately. A geolocation service
provider provides location information and location aware services to subscribers. Upon a request
from a subscriber for location information about an MS, the service provider will contact a location
control center querying it for the coordinates of the MS. This subscriber could be a commercial
subscriber desiring to track a mobile device or a PSAP trying to answer an E–911 call. The location
control center will gather information required to compute the MS's location. This information could
be parameters such as received signal strength, BTS ID, TOA of signals, and so on that we discuss
later. Depending on past information about the MS, a set of BS's could be used to page the MS, and
directly or indirectly obtain the location parameters. These are sometimes called Geolocation base
stations (GBSs). Once this information is collected, the location control center can determine the
location of the mobile with certain accuracy and convey this information to the service provider. The
service provider will then use this information to visually display the MS's location to the
subscriber. Sometimes the subscriber could be the MS itself, in which case the messaging and

Social Sba
SOCIAL STUDIES SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT [SBA]– YEAR 2011 NAME OF
CANDIDATE: NATOYA C. GONZALES SCHOOL: BISHOP ANSTEY HIGH SCHOOL EAST
CENTRE #: CANDIDATE NUMBER: TEACHER: MR. MCLEAN TITLE: AN EXAMINATION
ANALYSING THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE USE OF CELLULAR PHONES AFFECT THE
STUDENTS AT BAHSE. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements Introduction Statement of
problem Method of investigation Instrument used to collect data Procedures used to collect data
Presentations and explanation of data Interpretation of data Findings Recommendations
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The successful completion of this examination would not have been
made possible ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If so, can it be the main cause of the decline in your grades? Yes No 15. Are you addicted to
talking/texting on your cellular phone? _________________ 16. What do you do in your spare
time? Text/talk on the phone Use PC Revise Other PROCEDURES TO COLLECT DATAAs stated
earlier, my surveys were conducted at BAHSE. It was calculated that a sample of 20% was
necessary in order to conclude the negative effects of the use of cellular phones on students. A total
of 25 questionnaires were printed and distributed to the students. The students were randomly
chosen from Forms 1–6. The questionnaires were given and completed on the spot in order to ensure
lack of incompletion, losses, misplacements and also for clarification. PRESENTATION AND
EXPLANATION OF DATAA total of 25 questionnaires were handed out. All were answered. The
students gave their responses by ticking the respective boxes of their choice, for the respective
questions. Questions: ➢ How old are you? [pic] Figure 1 – The majority of students surveyed were
Teenagers. ➢ Do you own a cell phone? [pic] Figure 2– ALL students surveyed (25), owned cell
phones. ➢ How many cell–phones do you own? [pic] Figure 3 – 17 correspondents own one cell
phone and 7 correspondents own 2 cell

Advantages And Disadvantages Of LTE Networks
These technologies bring the network closer to mobile users and improve spectral efficiency (SE)
per unit arena (i.e capacity). Due to lower power and smaller physical size, pico/ femto/ relay cells
can also be deployed to eliminate coverage holes and relay cells can be used in backhaul, where
wire line backhaul is unavailable or not economical [150]–[152]. The heterogeneous deployment of
LTE networks comprising of conventional Macro cell base stations overlaid with LPNs. The often
random and unplanned location of these access points can cause severe interference problems
especially for cell edge users. This problem was typically addressed by coordinating base–station
transmissions to minimize interference. Figure 2.10 shows a heterogeneous ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Disadvantages: Despite the benefits that can be achieved by this technique, there are some
challenges that need to be addressed, including management of the interfaces between
heterogeneous environments and the dead zone problem. Towards this direction, 3GPP LTE standard
has introduced Inter Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) methods since Release 8 specifications.
ICIC was developed to deal with interference issues at cell–edge and mitigates interference on
traffic channels only in heterogeneous network. These limitations were bypassed with Release 10
specifications which introduced enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination (e–ICIC).
Enhancements were brought to deal with interference issues in Heterogeneous Networks and
mitigate interference on traffic and control channels. In such networks, two major scenarios for
severe inter cell interference should be highlighted: macro–pico scenario with Cell Range–
Extension (CRE) and macro–femto scenario with Closed–Subscriber–Group

Mobile Communication Is Multi Hop Ad Hoc Systems
INTRODUCTION: The Latest advances in Wireless Communications have extended conceivable
applications from straightforward voice services in early cell systems to new incorporated
information applications. These days, numerous up to date cellular telephones are likewise
incorporated with functionalities including FM radio, advanced camera, and MP3 player. Hence, the
services upheld by mobile communications have extended from basic voice to sight and sound, for
example, video conferencing and portable gaming. These new services require a higher service
quality and also more prominent information rate. Moreover, with mobile access to the Internet, the
expanding development in information movement will further drive the requirement for higher data
transmission. Current foundations that bolster mostly voice activity are confronting an incredible
test in meeting both the transmission capacity and quality of service requests of future mobile
communication clients. For mobile communication, one concept with successful improvement is
customary single–hop cell frameworks where a mobile station (MS) speaks specifically with a base
station (BS) [1]. Another idea of mobile communication is multi hop ad hoc systems, which are
infrastructure less, self–sorting out and quickly deployable with no site arranging, dissimilar to
traditional cell systems. At the point when associations need to move between heterogeneous
systems for performance and high–accessibility reasons, consistent

Problem Of Congestion Of Cellular Network Essay

Problem of Congestion in Cellular Network
Shiva Nageswara Rao Bandereddy (sbandere@hawk.iit.edu)
College of Science Department
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA.
Abstract–In the next few years there will be an exponential grow in mobile data traffic due to the
tremendous growth in mobile data like audio, video kind of different multimedia application.
Cellular network operators invest huge amount to make their infrastructure better like installing new
cell tower and offloading data traffic from cellular to the Wi–Fi so that they can efficiently prevent
congestion. We all have observed call drops during the conversation at some time which is very
annoying and so this congestion problem gives hard time to customer and so the service provider
too. In this project, I want to research what are the main reason for the congestion of the cellular
network and how it can be avoided or minimized.
Index Terms– Mobile, CAGR, Cisco, Congestion
I. INTRODUCTION
Congestion of networks is a network state where a node of link carries huge amount of data that may
deteriorate network service quality, resulting in queuing delay, frame or data packet loss and the
blocking of new connections. There could be a possible reason for a congestion like insufficient
bandwidth, when network data exceeds its capacity.
Wireless mobile network is independent?
When we think of a cellular network it is not a completely wireless network. No one has completely
independent wireless network.

Microburst Executive Summary
MicroBurst Solutions is a rapidly growing startup company that designs and manufactures personal
computers. MicroBurst is an international company with four physical locations in Chicago, USA;
Shanghai, China; Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Paris, France. In addition, MicroBurst owns a profitable
webcenter with an increase in sales of 246% in the last quarter alone. The mission of MicroBurst is
to deliver compact personal computing technology to solve the needs of businesses and individuals,
whether they are on the road or in their offices. MicroBurst offers cutting edge technology in both
the desktop and laptop personal computer markets. MicroBurst's mission is evident in its
commitment to compact, powerful computing devices serving several different

Evaluating Plans to Erect Cell Towers Through a Local...
You have been hired by a cell tower company to evaluate a plan that will erect cell towers through a
local community. Your job is to locate any historic buildings or sites that might be impacted (placed
next to, or on, or be damaged in some way) by the cell towers. You discover there are 10 buildings
along the route the cell towers will take. How will you go about deciding if these buildings are
historic? What criteria will you use? Why? The question has been raised, if I were hired to evaluate
the plans to erect cell phone towers, and I have discovered that there are ten historic buildings in the
path of the towers, which structures would I deem significant to keep. Many of these homes and
structures could be damaged, overshadowed, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, using many of the criteria from each federal agency, we can determine which of these
structures must be preserved from the work being performed.
One of the first criteria to determine whether the site is historic is the age of the property. The site
needs to have many other criteria, but many people have determined that the site needs to be more
than fifty years old. This is not the sole requirement for it to be historic because this only means that
the site would have been built in the mid–1960s. However this is the beginning, and must follow
along with some or all of the following criteria to be determined to be a historic site. However
during the later portion of the 1960s and later into the 1970s there were many structures built which
could be deemed significant. However, each of the ten structures will be looked at to see if they
were build more than fifty years ago, unless they have the exception of the next three criteria.
The first criteria of the National Register of Historic Places that I will use to determine if the
structures are historic is whether the site is associated with events that made a very significant
impact and contribution to the patterns of history in the town, county or state where it is located.
This includes sites where individuals that were prominent to important events in history lived at the
time. For instance, the individual's home with whom

Essay On Dynamic Channel
Dynamic Load Balancing Using Selective Borrowing in Wireless Network. Mohammad Aghaz
Khan M. Tech. Scholar Department of Computer Science Al–Falah School of Engineering &
Technology, Faridabad. Jawed Ahmed Astt. Professor Department of Computer Science, Jamia
Hamdard, New Delhi Keywords : Efficiency, Channel allocation, Mobile communication, FCA,
DCA, Resource flexibility, CBWL, LBSB Abstract The demand for mobile communication has been
growing day by day. Resource flexibility is one of the most important issues in the coming
generation of mobile communication. Radio frequency channels are a scarce resource and have to be
reused as much as possible. Different techniques are required to increase the efficiency & flexibility
of the network to deal with new services and to adopt the new traffic profiles and characteristics
Many channel assignment schemes such as fixed channel assignment (FCA), dynamic channel
assignment (DCA) and hybrid channel assignment (HCA) have been proposed to assign frequencies
to cells with a goal to maximize the frequency reuse. In this paper, we make a review of the
characteristics of various channel assignment specially dynamic (LBSB )schemes.

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