Water Management Essay

Essay On Integrated Water Management
New Changes Experts have generated many experiments in order to help the world establish a
better living environment. In the online article, Reducing sewer corrosion through integrated urban
water management, it talks about how there is one way cities try to pick up wastewaters that is
through the sewer system, take all the dirty waste. These pipes are set up all around the city to
transport this water quickly and effectively throughout the city, this helps the city stay a bit cleaner
and help physically by reducing health problems for the whole population. However, having all
these pipes around the cities is very expensive, but it is worth the money since it is keeping our
cities clean. Sulfide is a type of concrete that the sewer...show more content...
alone". With this said, they are showing us that it was a great improvement for all big cities,
however now its causing them to lose more money than making any profits. That is why they are
trying to convince them to switch to sulfate–free coagulants. Meaning that expenses would be
reduced as well as the cost of corrosion and the damages it caused. Scientists are just trying to look
for the best option to help with the clean drinking water process so everything can work smoothly. All
authors mention that, "There are three ways for sewages to have sulfate industrial or human waste
discharge, sulfate added as counter ions of aluminum, iron salts used as coagulants in water treatment
," for water drinking production. The coagulants is what is added to the water to make it clean
and drinkable as well as it makes it safe to drink and not cause any diseases, most likely sulfate
and chloride and also referred as aluminum and iron are the salts used which make water very
clean. In this research chemistry is being used because of the iron salts and aluminum as well as
sulfate and chloride these are the elements being used as well as ions, meaning chemistry is
involved in the purification of drinking water and when taking the water wastes. Some methods they
did were tested in Queensland, Australia in a state where sulfate is also used as a
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SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT AND FOOD SECURITY IN KENYA
Introduction
With increasing climate change, agriculture which is the backbone of Kenya's economy has been
greatly affected signaling a period of drought in the country. This means that the amount of food
produced has decreased significantly over the years. Water and food are not only a basic need, but
are also centre–piece of sustainable development and a crucial part of poverty alleviation globally
and thus any shortage in these triggers a deficit in development. The Food and Agricultural
Organization of the United Nations defines food security as "when people have physical and
economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and enable an
active and healthy life". In Kenya annually millions of people are exposed to food insecurity,
especially in the Northern part of Kenya and the numbers are expected to increase in coming years.
To prevent such a situation, sustainable management of water and food to achieve security is vital in
the country.
In 2011, the NDMA (National Drought Monitoring Authority) was established to coordinate
structures for drought management, operate an efficient drought early warning system (EWS),
support drought–related policy formulation, coordinate the preparation of risk reduction plans, and
undertake and coordinate the implementation of risk reduction activities; all with a general aim of
achieving food security. Food

Essay The Glegg Water Management
1.The Glegg Water Management is now facing the challenge of repositioning their key product,
E–Cell, which is a breakthrough technological progress in water treatment. Despite the superiority of
the technology, the management team needs to find a radical approach to penetrate the market and
develop a strategy to make E–Cell the industry standard.
2.Competing Resins Technology: As mentioned in the material, traditionally, caustic chemicals were
used to flush away the impurities and regenerate these resins. In these systems, the mixed–bed ion
–exchange stage was preceded by separate cation and anion exchange vessels. As applications
became more demanding, it was clear that chemically regenerated ion exchange systems had
limitations. "...show more content...
It is possible that power plants and petroleum industry requires the highest flow rate, while chemical
and some small manufacturing needs lower flow rate, where E–Cell's competitive advantage in scale
will be less remarkable. пЃ¬Different sectors may differ in their required standard of water quality.
пЃ¬Some sectors value the E–Cell's trait of being scalable. For example, in the manufacturing
sectors, the end–users may want to adjust the capacity of the small increments according to their
different scale of project in different periods. And the significantly less space will help the end–users
of the industry to save more cost.
пЃ¬The other specifications that the case is silent but could influence the buying decisions are:
whether the EDI technology will
4.Glegg basically functioned as a link between the technology suppliers and the end–users.
пЃ¬Through customizing the technology components from the suppliers, Glegg provided the clients
with industrial water treatment solutions, including clarification, filtration, roughing and polishing,
and etc., tailoring to the specific needs and requirements of the customers. пЃ¬Glegg water company
provided with their clients with a comprehensive design toolkit and a very good customer service
which would follow the client's project from start to finish.
Currently, the Glegg Company has a major breakthrough in its

Components of Sustainable Water Resources Management п‚· Data Base Improvement п‚·
Modelling Technology п‚· Sustainability Criteria п‚· Spatial Analysis Procedure п‚· Decision
Support Systems Data Base Improvement Availability of reliable data on hydro–climatic patterns,
water demands, spatial and temporal characteristics of surface water and sub–surface water bodies is
essential for sustainable development of available water resources. Demand management and
adaptation are essential components for improving project flexibility to mitigate with changing
environmental conditions. Water use formulations should be based on the terrain data, available
water resources, performance of existing water reservoirs and allied factors. Modelling Technology
Modelling helps in establishing scientific understanding abd to integrate the various components and
processes involved in the surface water and sub–surface water systems. Modelling helps in planning,
design, management and operation of complex water resource systems. It acts as a bridge for
knowledge transfer between researchers and the policy makers as a basis for testing different
scenarios and to integrate planning and management strategies. Sustainability Criteria Sustainable
water resources systems are those designed and managed to meet the present demand without posing
a threat to the future water availability, while maintaining the ecological, environmental and
hydrological integrity. Conjunctive use of surface water and sub–surface

Introduction: Water and how it is distributed has become the significant issue of our generation.
This increasingly scarce resource is intrinsically linked to the global challenges of food
insecurity, poverty, climate change, depletion of natural resources which affects the livelihoods
of millions of people across the world (FAO, 2011). The water management choices that are made
today will determine, to a large extent, whether societies achieve economic and social
development and environmental sustainability in the future (Molden et. al, 2007). As the world
population is on the increase water has now become the key determent in the development and
sustainability of current food production levels and living standards both in developed and
developing countries (Diouf, 2003). Such is the significance of this issue, we find ourselves
amidst a global power struggle for control and ownership of this vital resource. This struggle is
most evident in developing countries where water is fast becoming a commercialised commodity
regulated by corporate interests (Barlow & Clark, 2002). Main Body: Currently, world food
production needs to increase by around 60% to feed a growing world population (Diouf, 2003);
(See Figure 1). Figure 1: Population growth trends for developed and developing countries from
1950 – 2050 (Adapted from Van der Mensbrugghe et al., 2011) Food production has intensified
dramatically in the past 50 years to accommodate this increased demand for food

The Pros And Cons Of Water Contamination
"Every year more than 3.4 million people die as a result of water related diseases, making it the
leading cause of disease and death around the world" (Berman Para. 1). Water, it is essential to all
life on earth, nothing really would be here without it. But safe water isn't always an option. Water
contamination and pollution is one of the main issues behind this. This is such a major issue because
it can possibly cause illness, disease, mental issues, death, and in some cases, it has lead entire
species to become endangered and even to become extinct (Environmental pollution Para. 1). This
issue must be taken into consideration and have something done about it. Water contamination and
pollution must be eliminated from the environment and prevented...show more content...
It has been around prior to the 1960s. For example, "In 1969, chemical waste released into Ohio's
Cuyahoga River caused it to burst into flames" (History.com Staff Para. 7). This quote shows that
there were pollutants building up in the Cuyahoga River for quite some time before the fire.
There are many more cases like this, for example, Deepwater Horizon in 2010. Deepwater
Horizon was a oil rig of the coast of Louisiana that was being leased by British Petroleum (BP) and
operated by Transocean. "On the night of April 20 a surge of natural gas blasted through a
concrete core recently installed by contractor Halliburton in order to seal the well for later use . . .
Both cores were likely too weak to withstand the pressure because they were composed of a
concrete mixture that used nitrogen gas to accelerate curing" (Pallardy Para. 2). This quote is talking
about what caused the explosion on April 20 and later the sinking of the rig on April 22. Even
though, water contamination and pollution has been around a lot longer than most people think, it
still has gotten significantly worse as time has gone

Abstract On Water Pollution
Abstract Water pollution is one of most rapidly growing problems occurring today. It is responsible
for more than million deaths worldwide. The Industrial Revolution was the catalyst that sparked
several types of pollution, air, water, and noise, to become more apparent in our society because of
the developments of factories, trains, and cars. Rivers were getting polluted by sewage and the air
by carbon monoxide and lead. This pushed the government to take affirmative action against
pollution by creating the Pollution Prevention Act and 1972 Clean water Act. Several other acts
were made to help clean the environment. Simple solutions to combat water pollution includes,
carpooling, ending the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and stop littering.
3 "Water and air, the two essential fluids on which all life depends, have become global garbage
cans." вЂ• Jacques–Yves Cousteau Over the years this statement has become very true. Today,
developing countries like India use their rivers to dump their sewage waste not realizing the
last–longing effects. This research paper will go into depth in water pollution, detailing the history,
types, and sources of water pollution as well as the possible solutions to how to combat this problem
and what governments around the world are doing to fix this issue.
Pollution comes

Watershed Management Essay
Watershed Management Watersheds are the areas of the Earth's surface that drains downhill to
surface water bodies large or small, watersheds have discrete boundaries established by mountains,
hills and valleys, and include all lakes, rivers, wetlands, streams, and other surrounding landscape.
Watersheds often cross national, state and local borders, watersheds transcend as many political,
social and economic boundaries as they do ecological boundaries. In recent years, significant
progress has been made in achieving cleaner and healthier watersheds that support both aquatic life
and many human uses. I will be discussing what State and Federal Departments are doing to rectify
these problems. I also will be discussing the...show more content...
The amendments also authorized funding sources and technical support for Local State agents to
engage in voluntary source water protection programs. The protection of groundwater is very
important because it serves as a source of drinking water for 95 percent of the population in rural
areas and approximately half of the nation's population. A joint effort by the Department of
Pesticides Regulation (DPR) and the State Water Resource Control Board (State Board), it
describes how DPR and the country agricultural commissioner are working together with the State
Board and the regional boards to protect water from the use of pesticides. DPR and the State Board
have adopted a four–stage approach to minimize the potential for pesticide movement to surface and
groundwaters. . Stage 1: educational out reach. . Stage 2: Self–regarding or cooperative efforts are
used to identify and implement the most appropriate site–specific, reduced–risk practices. This could
include manufacturer–imposed labeled changes and stewardship programs in the region or statewide.
. Stage 3: Restricted material used permit requirements, regulations, and other authorities used. .
Stage 4: If necessary, the State and Regional Boards will enforce additional water

New Water Management System Essay
Table of Contents
DetailsPage No
Executive Summary 01
Introduction 02
Feasibility Report03
Segmentation, Targeting, and positioning (STP)04
Marketing Mix (4p's)05
Objective and issue sale forecasting06
Budget plan07
Promotional Budget for six month08
Conclusion 09
Executive Summary
Water irrigation and management system I use in this system new technology...show more content...
By using our system in 40% of water can be saved . The company operates through the use of our
technology, in which wireless devices and sensors. You will be charged a monthly basis compared to
the square footage . Use your own distribution channel and not subcontracting. In the end it will
generate enough revenue to overcome the cost.
Introduction
The water irrigation system with new technology is introduced very low cost that meets all the
requirements of modern irrigation system to facilitate the entire segment of people require. In
Pakistan, farmers using old irrigation system that most benefits are provided. And agriculture plays
an important role in our economy, but there is no improvement in the irrigation system used for
many years and lead to waste water, and also have an impact on crop growth. I am sure that this
system was readily adopted by our customers and can purchase our services, because the system is
profitable. Instead of our old smart irrigation system should be favorable by customers and can
easily afford. Our suppliers are those who buy the sensors and the system network and wireless zig
bee dusting.
Idea of the business
The system should be back in Pakistan. Because in the old irrigation system used Pakistan that result
in the loss of high quality water. Water Management System is a complete–effective, durable, and
cost. Intelligent Irrigation and Water Management System, which allows producers, vineyards, golf
courses,

Maintaining Drinking Water Quality Essay
26,895 Boston Marathon runners run down streets for miles and miles. Whenever a runner gets
tired they run to a side spot and chug a glass of fresh, clean water. However, clean drinking water is
not so redily available to everyone in America. There are nearly 55,000 community water systems in
this country, supplying water to meet the drinking needs of more than 90 percent of the U.S.
population. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines a community water source as one
that consistently provides water to at least twenty–five percent for at least sixty days during the
course of a year. In Washington, D.C., our nation's capital, cleandrinking water is a very serious
issue. During the summer of 2014, the residents of...show more content...
Defining BAT is not always straightforward, and it must also be recognized that BAT changes with
time. Application of the minimum–degradation approach must be flexible, and care must be taken to
ensure that protecting water quality remains as the priority rather than simply forcing all discharges
to have a particular level of treatment.
Contamination of drinking water originates in different ways depending on the source of the
drinking water, the type of contamination, and the method of water supply delivery (i.e. type of
plumbing). Groundwater, which may be used as a source of drinking water, often becomes
contaminated from percolation of toxics through contaminated soil. Alternatively, contaminated
runoff and direct discharges contaminate surface water, which may also be used as a drinking water
source. Drinking water may become contaminated through the leaching of lead from plumbing
systems. Finally, the intentional addition of substances to treat the water supply, such as chlorine,
also represent a significant source of drinking water contamination in public water supply systems.
The potential dose of a toxic compound resulting from drinking water consumption is a function of
consumption rate and contaminant consideration in the water. It is preferable that consumption rate
be determined for the population of interest. If such population–specific data are unavailable,
however, generic rates

Integrated Water Resources Management
There have been several interpretations as well as critisms with the concept of Integrated Water
Resources Management (IWRM). For instance, Biswas (2008) criticize that the concept cannot be
implemented operationally. However, Mitchell B (2004) finds it to be greater at the normative
(what ought to be) and strategic (what can be) level which may result to the provision of different
framework for different types of approaches.
Placht (2007) said that IWRM is a principle intended as guide in project planning. However, the
widely used definition of IWRM is the one formulated by Global Water Partnership (GWP) which
defined IWRM as "a process that promotes the co–ordinated development and management of water,
...show more content...
Through IWRM concept, there is a way or process that can be followed in managing water resources,
though not necessarily applicable to all countries, and even still with some limitations and questions.
As a progress in water resource management, IWRM improves traditional approaches. In contrast to
the traditional water resources management approach, IWRM scopes and proceeds in an integrated
manner versus sectoral/project focus scope. IWRM approaches problem solving taking into
consideration all related sectors as oppose to traditional that focuses on sectoral need and benefit.
Conflicts are resolved not only within users but within uses too. Finally, with broad participation of
stakeholders as oppose to limited participation only.
In a nutshell, IWRM is a well conceptualized principle backed with well written definition, accepted
and heavily promoted by funding agencies. With this it attracts many doubts and criticism, in its
every aspect. However, if IWRM is too beautiful yet too impossible to implement, what could be the
best or alternative water management approach that could work both for the present and the future?
If IWRM has some gaps and comes with some doubts, cannot it be

The Water Crisis and Solutions Essay
There is a global shortage of drinking water. A person might wonder how this can be if seventy
percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. Most of the Earth's water is unsuitable for human
consuption. Ocean water is salt water, which makes up 97.5% of all water on the planet. Freshwater
is only 3.5% of all the water on Earth. Drinking water is sourced from bodies of freshwater.
Freshwater is quite scarce, but it is even scarcer than one might think: about seventy percent of all
freshwater is frozen in the icecaps of Antarctica and Greenland and is unavailable to humans. Most
of the remainder is present as soil moisture or lies in deep underground aquifers as groundwater. It is
not economically feasible to extract this waster...show more content...
Instead of increasing the supply of water to meet demand, a more viable method of addressing the
water crisis is to manage consumption. The world population continues to grow, and trying to
increase the supply of water is risky at best and usually costs exorbitant amounts of money, making
this option available only to wealthy or economically developed countries. Therefore, controlling the
use of water in municipalities or having a national policy of water conservation would allow the
world's supply of freshwater to better sustain itself through rainfall and other methods. Conserving
water also saves energy, and energy is needed to treat, transport, and heat freshwater.
For water–saving programs to succeed, however, several things must be in place. The water saving
program implemented by the city of Zaragoza in Spain highlights some basic actions required for
such a program to succeed. Firstly, "rather than being a collection of fragmented, individual
initiatives, the setting up of the Zaragoza Water Commission allowed the effective coordination of
consultation, implementation and evaluation of different activities, with the aim of achieving a
common goal." (Water demand management, 2010) Secondly, the goal of reducing water use by all
types of consumers requires the cooperation of a wide range of stakeholders. Working closely with
stakeholder representatives allows the identification of realistic and acceptable water

Essay on Water Treatment Process
Clean water supply is essential in establishing and maintaining a healthy community. There are two
sources of water supply which are the surface water and ground water. Most natural waters are not
suitable for consumption as it is contaminated by pathogens and also natural chemicals and minerals.
In addition, as a city grew, wastes from human activities contaminate most of the water supplies.
Water treatment plays an important role to properly treat a contaminated source of water supply in
order to protect the health of consumers. Water treatment process is defined as a process of
eliminating pollutants from untreated water to produce a biologically and chemically risk–free
water, which is both potable and palatable for human consumption...show more content...
The second step of water treatment process is aeration. At the aerator, raw water is mixed with
air. The aeration process helps to provide oxygen to the raw water which is needed for the
oxidation process of dissolved iron and manganese in order for it to precipitate and therefore
enables its removal through filtration (SAJ Holdings Sdn Bhd., n.d.). Wormleaton and Tsang
(2000) stated that for water treatment process and also natural streams, it is essential to maintain a
high amount of dissolved oxygen. Aeration also provides the escape of dissolved gases, such as
carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide to reduce the corrosiveness of water, thus controls the tastes
and odors of the water (Shun, 2007). Groundwater with high dissolved carbon dioxide levels or
high concentrations of iron and manganese commonly require aeration as well as water drawn from
reservoirs that is low in dissolved oxygen.
Thirdly, the proceeding water treatment step involves coagulation and flocculation. The objective of
this step is to produce particles of a size that can be easily removed by settlement and filtration.
Coagulation destabilizes the colloidal particles followed by flocculation whereby larger particles
are formed from small particles through collisions. Conley and Evers (as cited in Hendricks, 2006,
p. 277) described coagulation as a process that reduces the surface charge

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Water Management
Lack of enforcement This is another obstacle as enforcement of agreements is very important if
one plans to make the programmes successful. Inability in successful enforcement and
implementation also weakens the credibility of governments and does not create any incentive for
compliance by the authorities or by the public in general. After years of dispute among the CAS,
two agreements were signed in 1996 and 1997 with an aim to arrive at equitable water sharing
solution and to use the water flow of Syr Darya to produce energy. Absence of compliance and
inefficient enforcement is also a result of administrative problems in the institutions of these CAS.
In all this implementation suffers. There is no supervisory authority to keep a check on
maladministration, no surprise inspections, no imposition of fines if implementation not done
properly. No real power has been provided to water bodies for monitoring. 164 Beatrice Mosello
Given all the dispute related to water sharing we can sum up that this has been a bone of contention
among the CAS, thus prohibiting a concrete foundation for close...show more content...
Benefits from a well– structured institutional framework consisting of Heads of states, high level
ministries, top officials, advisory bodies and setting up of national offices will go a long way for
negotiating solutions. Some form of a permanent water commission meeting at regular periods will
also be helpful as it will determine the best use of water flow in the international river basins.
Production of electricity as well as use of water for irrigation by the CAS can be shared through
proper and equitable allocation of water which will be arrived through dialogue and discourse among
the CAS. Also environmental impact assessment can be done such commissions thus a
comprehensive solution can be arrived at (Lindermann

Warrenville Storm Water Management Essay
Water is a natural resource that many of us take for granted. We all use as much water as we
desire because we do not have a limit as to how much water we can use on a daily basis. Most of
us are never concerned whether if we will have sufficient water for the very next day. The water we
use to consume, shower and even use for various things come from rivers, lakes, streams and oceans
and it is absolutely important in the way our world functions. Unfortunately, we have done very little
to maintain these water resources fresh clean and as a result, the rivers, lakes, streams and oceans
have been undergoing pollution. Water pollution is occurring all over the world and not many of us
are informed that every single oil spill, discarded water...show more content...
Regulations of storm water management include acquiring a Storm Water Management permit.
Warrenville has guidelines when enforcing storm water and floodplain management. The main
purpose for Warrenville's storm water and floodplain ordinance is to protect the environment as
much as possible but while trying to protect the environment Warrenville should also be careful and
try not to destroy businesses and state budgets at the same time. When it comes to the storm water
management permit it requires a set of fees. The fees pertain to as follows, there is an application
fee and it all depends to the type of family development one may pertain to. The family categories
are single–family development, attached single–family development, attached multiple–family
development then from there it also includes whether if it involves or impacts floodplain or
wetland areas. Let's not also forget that it also includes how much portion of an acre will be taken
up. The application fee ranges from six hundred dollars to five–thousand dollars. Then there is an
inspection fee which is around five hundred dollars and if over 3 acres there is a 2.5% estimate of
construction cost of storm water management and erosion control improvements. Warrenville has
some Best Management Practices that help in managing excess storm water runoff water and
prevent the breakdown of local walk ways as well as to improve the water quality. These Best
Management Practices include Bioswales which is a vegetated drainage that helps slowing runoff as
it comes. Naturalized Detention Basin, reduces runoff rates, prevents an increase of flooding, and
reduces runoff pollutants and erosion. Permeable Pavement aides in helping storm water to infiltrate
down and prevent it to runoff to into storm

Protecting Our Water Resources Essay
In today's society water is like a survival kit in which it is one of the most important resources for
the environment and people. Water resources can be used in the working environment, agricultural
surroundings and in one's household. Humans also rely on water resources to drink and stay health
because it is so pure and full of nutrition. The United States Geological survey (2010) shows the
percentage of water resource use throughout the United States in the year 2000 such as, Livestock
1%, Public Supply 13%, Aquaculture 1%, Irrigation (an artificial application of water to the soil
40%, Industrial 5%, Electric Power 48%, Domestic (self–supplied) 1%, thermoelectric power 39%
and Mining 1%.The example above proves that water resources...show more content...
In a recreational setting there is a small percentage of water being used; however the use of
recreational water can reduce the amount of water available. For example, when there is a loss
of water it can become a bad thing because the water rafting, which farmers need may not be
available for planting in the spring. Many other problem areas could come into effect such as
climate changes, water pollution cause by human activities, rapid urbanization and expansion of
business activities. The living and nonliving factors can be affected by many of these issues. The
environment, animals and humans are a part of the nonliving and living factors. Humans would
greatly be affected by the water resource issues because people need water to survive. Poor water
quality can affect us in many ways in which people may become restricted from their daily
activities in life such as cooking, showers, cleaning and many other things. Animals just as
humans need water as well because many animals in the wild take baths in their swamps and lakes
not to mention drink from there as well. The environment could be affected as well with poor
water quality because our oceans and sea's a full of fish, therefore if the water resources are bad the
sea animals may be in danger and many may become extinct.

A.Public Education. Government at all levels should sensitize the populace as to the essence of
wastewater management and how individual behaviour impact the process.
1.Raising acceptance and social awareness–educating the public on the importance of wastewater
collection, treatment and disposal.
Educating and engaging the public is one of the most important aspects of any municipal service.
However, the intricacies of wastewater systems operations and maintenance remain unknown to
majority of the public. People may never think about wastewater, where it goes or the complexity of
its treatment [28]. Hence, public education is strongly recommended towards a successful and
sustainable wastewater management.
2.Contaminant reduction from source (reduced pharmaceutical and other hazardous waste in the
wastewater stream).
This would involve effective waste segregation and programs to ensure that the public is well
informed as to the essence of reducing contaminants in wastewater.
B.Regulations. Government directives to municipalities and industrial sectors towards efficient
reuse and resource recovery from wastewater.
3.Pharmaceutical Take–Back Programme, for instance, encourages Pharmacies to take back
medications/prescription drugs that they sell (which later got expired) and to ensure they are
recycled or properly disposed of. This kind of programme should be extended to other waste items
neither expected in garbage nor down the drain. A separate bin can be dedicated

Water Management Essay

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