Film Analysis Of Okja

Film Analysis Of Okja
Okja Imagine being a caretaker and companion to a pet for years and then suddenly having it stolen away by a meat packing corporation for the sole
intention of slaughter and use of its meat. In Okja (pronounced OAK–JAH) , a science fiction/drama film directed by Bong Joon–ho, this is exactly
what occurs. For ten blissful years, young Mija has formed a strong bond with Okja, a massive pig and an even bigger friend, at her home in the
mountains of South Korea. This completely takes another route when family–owned multinational conglomerate Mirando Corporation takes Okja for
themselves and sends her to New York city, where an image–obsessed and self–promoting CEO has vicious plans for Mija's gentle companion. With no
distinct plan but a single–minded goal, Mija sets out on a rescue mission. This film was recently released on June 28th, 2017 on Netflix, and just in
the span of weeks it has left an immense effect on people worldwide. The arrival of this outstanding film at this particular moment in time, gives it an
added sense of significance to the current crossfire between animal activism, corporate greed and scientific ethics. Okja is worth watching because of
its action packed events and valuable lessons. As a science fiction/drama film, Okja provides all elements of the criteria. It includes special effects,
animation, and issues that are relevant to the real world, thus leaving the audience to question their actions. It also includes humorous moments
throughout the plot
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Should Animals Deserve Rights?
Animals Deserve Rights
Rayvin Scott
Azusa Pacific University, University College
"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; The Declaration of Independence holds these rights to be self–evident and unalienable. In the eighteenth
century when these words were written they were called natural rights, today we call them human rights" (McShea 34). The issue of whether or not to
grant animal rights such as those that humans retain, is a greatly disputed issue. Philosophers, clergyman, and politicians have argued the point of
animal rights for years, but without success. Animal right is an extremely intricate issue that involves the question of animal intelligence, animal
activist groups, and the pros and cons of granting animals their rights. Animals deserves rights just as humans because they have the same abilities that
we have. In order for humans to function in daily life with confidence rights must be set in stone for humans to remain secure. Knowing this, animals
should have a firm list of law to protect them as they participate in their daily life activities. Psychologists around the world, who have studied
nonhuman primates, argue that these animals possess the capacity to communicate. They go on to explain that a communication barrier is all that
separates humans from animals. If they bridged that barrier, then humans could talk with animals. Beatrice and Robert Gardner, two psychologists of
the University of Nevada, realized that the pharynx and larynx of

Animal Britch Report
Activist found Britches alone in a cage with bandages around his eyes and a sonar device strapped to his skull that emitted a high pitched screech
every few minutes, The sonar device made britches neratic. Britches condition was described as inside contact, Britches clinged tightly to their fingers
as they lifted him to freedom. The ALF didn't want to break into the lab but something had to be done to save the animals from pain. there are no laws
to protect animals from laboratories not even laws that require pain killers, The ALF couldn't just sit by when they new Britches and other animals
were being cut up and tormented every single day by people who just don't care. They just wanted every individual animal to have a chance to enjoy
their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Ingrid Newkirk, president of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, the report read: "On this day, April 20, 1985, I have been
called to administer an examination and follow–up care to an infant stumptail macaque, male, my guess approximately five weeks of age. Said infant
allegedly liberated by the Animal Liberation Front from the UC–Riverside laboratory. "Attached to infant's head by means of bandage and tape is an
apparatus of some sort with what appears to be some sort of electrical cord extending from it. It has been cut. Bilaterally are short lengths of tubing
emerging from the bandage. Tape is in direct contact with the face and neck. Bandage lifted "Beneath the bandages are two cotton pads, one for each
eye ... Both pads are filthy and soaked with moisture. Bilaterally upper eyelids are sutured to lower eyelids. The sutures are grossly oversized for the
purpose intended. Many of these sutures have torn through lid tissue resulting in multiple lacerations of the lids. There is an open space between upper
and lower lids of both eyes of about one quarter inch, and sutures are contacting corneal tissue resulting in excessive tearing

Animal Rights : Where Are The Limits?
Adrianna Steele
Dr. Beutel
ENG 101
November 18, 2014
Animal Rights: Where Are The Limits?
Do animals deserve the natural rights humans have? Animals are being kept captive in science labs to test many things. In research labs they are
used to test many trivial products and they are also used in valuable medical research. Many animal right activists go as far as breaking the law as an
attempt to get the point across about the wellbeing of animals in science labs instead of being civil about the manner. Where are the limits of abuse to
animals in the science labs? Is it essential that animals be used as experiments for anything other than valuable medical research? The welfare of
animals should be considered in experiments, although they are a substantial benefit to medical research there should still be strict enforced regulations
set to stop the unnecessary pain and suffering of the animals. There are many animal rights activist groups asking that an animal's life be seen just as
valuable as the life of a human. Having "natural rights" for animals defined would mean imprisoning and holding trials for animals that break the law,
realistically this is not a defensible philosophy. According to Lee and Ames natural rights for animals is a "flawed philosophy" that contradicts itself.
The concept of natural rights for animals would jeopardize all medical research. Animals in the laboratory are mostly used for biomedical research,
education and product safety

Abolishment of Animal Testing Essay
Have you ever really thought about what happens during animal testing? How the animals are treated, or what tortures they have to face on a day to
day basis? More than one–hundred million animals suffer and die every year through animal testing. Ninety–five percent of animals used in
experimentation aren't even covered under the Animal Welfare Act, which regulates the treatment of the animals that are used for testing. Some
animals are abused and mistreated so badly that they die before they are even experimented on. Animal testing is a cruel procedure and should be made
illegal.
However, animal testing is very important to understanding the human body. Over the years, we have vivisection to thank for many of our medical
advances we have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A mouse cannot speak for itself, but no living creature would willingly go through some of the horrendous procedures done on test animals.
For the most part, a majority of the cruel experiments done to animals are extremely pointless. It has been reported that researchers will inject large
amounts of LSD (acid) into elephants, just to see what would happen. The side effects of LSD in humans has already been established, so injecting
elephants with the drug was highly unnecessary. Monkeys are also victims of pointless drug experimentations. For the most part, everyone is already
aware of the harmful side effects that occur from smoking while pregnant. However, the federal government still grants researchers 10 million dollars
to inject pregnant monkeys with nicotine. The nicotine causes the developing monkey fetuses to have lung damage and other birth defects. The unborn
babies are then cut out of the mothers and killed so the researchers can perform autopsies on their organs. That is not all; the Wake Forest University
Baptist Medical Center was awarded $71,623 in stimulus funds to feed cocaine to monkeys. Even though the effects of cocaine are already known for
humans. The list of pointless animal experiments goes on and on. What are researchers even gaining from these useless experiments?
Also, humans and animals are not the same! Where's the reason in testing products

Ignorance Vs. Intelligence : Animal Experimentation And...
Ignorance v. Intelligence: Animal Experimentation and Life Saving Medical Technology
The use of non–human animals in experiments in order to gain a further understanding of the functions of biological systems is known as animal
experimentation. Medicine as it is known today would not exist without animal experimentation, also referred to as animal testing, animal research, and
/or biomedical testing. Albert Sabin, who developed the Polio vaccine said, "Without animal research, polio would still be claiming thousands of
lives each year." and Dr. Robert Palazzo, President of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) stated that
"Americans are living longer, healthier lives and we owe much of that success to biomedical research." (Forty reasons why we need animals in
research, 2014). Animal experimentation is greatly responsible for the discovery of treatments for some of history's most deadly diseases, as well as
antibiotics for raging infections and vaccines for debilitating viruses that once consumed the United States, and the rest of the world. Some of the most
notable medical advancements that relied on animal testing over the past three decades include, the cervical cancer/ HPV vaccine, asthma treatments,
and Insulin. Now, in the 21st century, PETA (People for Ethical Treatment of Animals), the ALF (Animal Liberation Front), and The Humane Society
of the United States are seen as heros in the eyes of many Americans for their rebellion against

Animal Experimentation And The Animal Welfare Act
Miriam Rothschild once said, "None of my teachers, lecturers, or professors... ever suggested that one should respect the lives of animals in the
laboratory or that they, and not the experiments, however fascinating and instructive, were worthy of greater consideration" (1986, p. 50). 95% of
animals used in experiments are not protected by the federal Animal Welfare Act. This law excludes animals such as birds, mice, and rats that are bred
primarily for research purposes. The Animal Welfare Act regulates the housing and transportation of animals, but no rule or regulation exists that
restricts the actual research or experimentation of these animals. Animal experimentation has heavily contributed to the advancement of the medical
field, but precautions need to be taken to ensure the safety of these animals.
The majority of the population is not aware of what actually goes on during animal research and experimentation. A lot of the times animal
experimentation can be painful, brutal and unnecessary. One example would be at the University of Pittsburgh. In 1984 a small group snuck into the
section of the University where head trauma was being researched. It was no ordinary research, baboons were the main subjects in many of their
studies and experiments. This group was part of the Animal Liberation Front, or ALF. The Animal Liberation Front "is simply the name adopted by
people acting illegally in behalf of animal rights" (PETA). Many ALF members engage in laboratory raids where

The Pros And Cons Of Animal Experiments
For years, scientists have experimented with animals to study how diseases and disabilities affect them. Take neurologist Thomas Gennarelli for
example. Dr. Thomas Gennarelli used primates as test subjects. For a little bit over 15 years, he bashed primates to imitate head injuries in human
beings. He believed the results of his experiments would be beneficial in the future on how we should treat head injuries. The team that worked for him
recorded the data via videotapes. Unfortunately, as much as he tried, Thomas Gennarelli flopped and could not create duplicate head injuries. In 1984,
participants of the Animal Liberation Front broke into the University of Pennsylvania's Medical school and swindled the tapes that's withheld the data
from the experiments. They edited the tapes to show the most gruesome abuses of the primates and submitted it to People for Ethical Treatments of
Animals. Peta then submitted it to Congress and the media. Participants of these experiments claimed they appease the primates with drugs, so they
would feel not pain. The videotapes told a different story. Just before the hammer smashed their heads, the primates tried to escape. The researchers
used foul language and performed unsanitary procedures upon the primates. They mocked and chuckled at attentive primates with broken arms. The
National Institutes of Health analyzed the videotapes. Thomas Gennarelli was condemned of 9 charges such as unacceptable veterinary care and lack
of guidance for the

Animal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay
Seeing as humans are animals it is morally wrong to use animals to test human products. Due to the false information put out by the media, those who
support animal believe what the media states about it being a necessary evil. The so–called benefits from animal testing have not helped humans for
years, but is now legally required in many countries. Although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put an end to animal
experimentation. The way activists present their argument is partially the reason they are not taken seriously.Animal testing is morally wrong and had
not benefited humans as the media has claimed, but there are alternatives if only humans would take the first step. Animal testing is inhumane and
unethical based on the scientifically supported claim that humans are also animals and have much to learn from them. It could be taken to the extreme
that testing animals is similar to testing a family member, such as a cousin. In Ferdinando Boero's "Humans Are Animals" he takes the stance that
anthropologists and zoologists are in the same scientific sector. His claim is supported since humans are animals, then anthropology is a part of
zoology. They can use this to help contribute to each other's research, if only humans didn't consider themselves above other animals. Humans are
self–centered and consider themselves to be on the top, in respect to others within the animal kingdom, which is true in the sense that they are more
developed in

Argumentative Essay On Animal Testing
Animal Experimentation has been a problem and it still remains being one of the biggest problems. Most people agree that animal experimentation
should be banned but there is no agreement of what the outcome would be. Although, there are other ways of getting results without testing on animals
which are, human tissue, drug trials, genetic testing, etc. Other people think animal testing is the best way because some animals have an organism as a
human like traits such as mice, rats, cats, monkeys, pigs etc. Sometimes testing on an animal does not completely match with a human body reaction
towards the outcome of the research from an animal. I agree that animal experimentation is cruel and there are other ways of finding research for
human's, weather it is using human tissue, genetic testing, or getting a computerized patient drug database. There are so many products that are animal
cruelty and if scientists and companies keep testing on animals, animal testing will continue to be an issue.
Many people believe that animal experimentation is the best way and the only way of finding research for humans. People believe the alternatives that
exist would not work good enough for getting research as using an animal would, but scientists explain that if the alternatives are good enough the
scientists would be glad to use the alternatives. Besides, they believe testing on animals make the research results one hundred percent accurate, and is
considered the best option for collecting information. Animal research states, " The bodies of animals are like humans in the way that they perform
many vital functions such as breathing, digestion, movement, sight, hearing...." (AnimalResearch). This proofs that animals are great for research
because animals have a similar body function to a human body. Animals are a great part of experimentation to find information about treatments,
medication, diseases, beauty products, etc. Although scientists use many animals over the years it is for a good reason the scientists say, animals suffer
while getting tested to look for future outcomes towards diseases. Also, Animal testing has saved so many lives by coming up with medications and
treatments for humans, that is not the only benefit

Essay on Animal Testing in the Research Field
Animal research, or animal testing, is the use of animals in scientific researches to study and develop drugs for the life–taking diseases that human
beings contract. It has been practiced for hundreds of years. Animal testing helps produced many vaccines and other drugs, like penicillin, and thus,
save many human lives. On the other hand, animal testing also causes pain and kills a lot of animals used during the researches that many people oppose
this practice. Supporters show their support, while opponents show their oppositions toward this controversial issue that is still in debates today.
In a laboratory for animals, all sorts of animals, such as rats, mice, baboons, dogs, cats, and chimpanzees, can be found. All of them are locked ... Show
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Animals are first captured, and then are infected with diseases that they do not usually contract ("Life in a Laboratory"). Finally, scientists experiment
on them until an effective drug can be developed for the human world.
Although drugs are produced for the human beings, scientists have been using animals for testing. Many types of animals are captured or bred to be
experimented on in animal researches that it is difficult to calculate the exact number of animals used in animal research each year, especially when
many rodents are not protected by the Animal Welfare Act ("Animal Research Industry"). "There isn't a species of nonhuman animal experimenters
won't exploit. Dogs, mice, rats, cats, fruit flies, zebra fish, macaques, baboons, chimpanzees, horses, pigs, chickens, bees, etc., are all up for grabs."
These animals are supplied by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) licensed dealers, who are sorted by Class A and Class B: Class A supply
animals that are purposely bred for experiments, while Class B supply animals from where the dealers find them, such as auction houses, adoption
shelters, stores, or from people's backyards ("Animal Research Industry"). In the laboratories, these animals are "cloned, bred for their organs, addicted
to drugs and alcohol, forced to inhale and/or ingest toxic substances,

Argumentative Essay: The Animal Liberation Front
In 1984, members from the Animal Liberation Front got footage of scientists working on head injuries. They were using un–anesthetized baboons for
testing. These scientists were giving the injuries to the baboons themselves before trying to treat them. The Animal Liberation Front showed the
government the tape and they stopped founding the experiments. Studies say around ten percent of the animals tested on each year do not receive pain
killers. An animal welfare advocate, Jeremy Bentham says this "Can they reason? Nor can they talk? But, can they suffer?" They can suffer, they feel
pain. Each year animals are shocked, poisoned, starved, and burned. They should ban animal testing for good.
"Animal Testing – ProCon.org." ProConorg Headlines. ProCon, 27 Aug. 2015. Web. 11 Sept. 2015. .... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Proponents say animal testing has helped save many people and animals. That there is no other way to test cures and commercial object, and with
strict regulations, they do not mistreat the animals. Opponents say it is cruel and they do not follow the rules of the law as they are supposed to.
There are many different ways to research without the usage of animals. The AWA, the Animal Welfare Act, was passed in 1966. Animal testing
started in five hundred BC. They use to say causing pain on animals was offensive to the gods. In the 1940's many monkeys died going into space.
Luckily in 1951 Yorick the monkey lived and came but unharmed. To this day many people debate this topic, but mostly people are leaning now
towards saving the

Animal Testing And Why It Should Continue
Isaiah Tuppince
Mr. Greer
English 2
October 21st, 2015
Animal Testing and Why It Should Continue Jeremy Bentham once said, "The question is not, 'Can they reason?' nor, 'Can they talk?' but 'Can they
suffer?'" Animal testing is becoming a conflict right now and I believe that Animal testing should be stopped because it is cruel and inhuman,
Alternative testing technologies exist, the lack of reliability, and it is expensive. Another quote once said was by Martin Luther King Jr stating
"Never, never be afraid to do what's right, especially if the well–being of a person or animal is at stake" That quote is saying why do wrong when right
can be done, especially when people and animals are involved. Animals have feelings and enjoy life as much as humans do so keeping them in
captivity and testing drugs on them is cruel and inhuman. It is understandable that animal testing is helpful, and we can 't test drugs on humans, but
when alternative testing options are available there is no reason to keep animals in captivity and test drug, harm, and kill them. Center for Alternatives
to Animal Testing (CAAT) is a program that was designed to begin vitro testing. This program was established by Johns Hopkins. The CAAT was
created in 1988 and funded by more than 70 corporations (Hunter). These corporations funded this program to change animal testing a find alternative
ways to test drugs other than on animals. Millions of dollars were given to this program by these corporations to

Animal Experimentation Essay example
Animal Experimentation has been a debated topic for decades. While most scientists claim that it is necessary, animal activists believe it is inhumane.
Both groups have tenacious arguments, but scientists have no real proof that their successes could not have been achieved without animal testing. As a
result, the argument against animal experimentation proves to be more effective. In the past and even now, it appears that many medical advances
have been discovered using animal testing. Although this is accepted to be true, the important issue is whether the same innovations could have
occurred without the use of animals. Because animal experimentation is one of the most common forms of experimentation and has been used for
hundreds of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If these chips were incorporated into experimenting, testing would become more effective, and animals would not have to suffer. Another argument
against animal experimentation would be Animal rights. Why is there human superiority to animals? Some say intellect, but are not some infants and
mentally disable people's intellectual capacities the same or less than that of an animal? If humans discard the concept that they are higher in
rank, they are not authorized to experiment on animals (Cothran 69). It is understood by activists that animals could never have all of the rights
and intelligence of humans because animals are different from humans (Levin 9). That, however, does not mean that humans have the right to
abuse animals. Therefore, animal experimentation is a violation of animal rights. Animals have become the slaves of this day and age (Levin 8).
Before the Civil War, it was believed that African Americans were less intellectual than Caucasians, but this idea was proved false. The same can
happen with animals that are being treated as slaves. Abraham Lincoln said, "Whenever I hear any on arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse
to see it tried on him personally." The same opinion can be applied to animals. How do people know if a baby monkey feels the same fear as a baby
human when it is taken away from its mother and locked in a cold steel cage? "Think about what it would be like to turn the tables... How would a
scientist like

The Controversial Issue of Animal Ethics Essay
The Controversial Issue of Animal Ethics
The struggle against sickness and disease is not over, yet medical progress is being threatened by activists who would end the use of laboratory
animals in the search for treatment and cures. Their well financed anti–research disinformation campaign is not the only weapon used by animal rights
activists.
The more extreme animal rights activists have used tactics of intimidation and terrorism, for example:
April 26,1997, activists were arrested when they tried to force their way into Yerkes
Regional Primate center during a protest.
July 21,1997, The Animal Liberation Front (ALF) set fire to Cavel West, a horse rendering plan. July 5,1998, The ALF broke into a laboratory at Cornell
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Human beings are not the only species who benefit from animal testing. Table 1 depicts the advances in biomedical research for animals. Without
animal research humans and animals would still be dying or totally wiped out from these diseases.
Advances for Animals
Table 1 Vaccines:
Rabies Distemper Canine Parvo Virus Feline Respiratory disease Feline Leukemia Anthrax Tetanus Hepatitis
Nutrition:
Heart disease in cats was eliminated supplementing diets with Taurine.
This also prevented Feline Urologic Syndrome (FUS)

Heartworm:
A rapid and accurate test now facilitates diagnosis of this insect–transmitted disease. Heartworm medication, also discovered through animal
experimentation is one of the most important advances in the history
Lime Disease:
Spread by ticks, this disease causes arthritis as well as heart and Kidney problems in dogs. Animal research led to a vaccine to prevent infection, as
well as more accurate diagnostic techniques.
Endangered Species:
Many endangered species have a chance of surviving thanks to biomedical research on in vitro fertilization and embryo transplant techniques.
Source: Partners in Research. "Animals Benefit From Biomedical Research." http://www.pirweb.org/animals_do_benefit.htm (15, Feb. 2000).
Table 1 Advances in Medicine Through Animal Research
Pre 1900's
Treatment for Smallpox: Treatment for Whooping Cough:
One

Animal Testing Should Be Banned
When using cosmetics or common house cleaning products many do not realize that they are supporting animal cruelty. Animal testing is among the
most disturbing experiments being done today. Vivisection is the practice of animal experimentation. It can include administering drugs, infecting
animals with diseases, poisoning for toxicity testing, brain damaging, maiming, blinding, and other painful invasive procedures. Animal testing has
protocols that cause severe suffering such as long–term social isolation, full–body restraint, electric shocks, withholding of food and water, or repeated
breeding and separating infants from mothers. It is using millions of animals in ways that cause distress or death to test the safety of drugs and ... Show
Animal research facilities require total fresh air exchanges for ventilation, using large volumes of air, resulting in a high consumption of energy and
carbon emissions (Cubitt and Sharp). Energy demands are due to the environmental and space needs of the animals, barrier protection from outside
pathogens, indoor air quality, lighting, and the requirement for power intensive equipment in research (Reynolds). A plethora of chemicals are used in
every step of animal testing. They include chemicals for sanitation, disinfection, sterilization, animal care, and research and testing procedures. The
Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA) helps protect laboratory workers by regulating the handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals, as well
as other toxic infectious, mutagenic, and carcinogenic agents (National et al.). Similar to any other testing methods, animal testing and research
involves the use of many toxic substances, including irritants, corrosive substances, asphyxiates (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, helium, ethane,
nitrogen, methane), neurotoxins (mercury and carbon disulfide), reproductive and developmental toxins, and carcinogens. In addition, flammable,
reactive, and explosive chemicals are used in research (Batton et al.). These chemicals that are used for animal testing can affect the environment by
interrupting the growth cycle for plants. Since millions of animals are used for research, that means millions of chemicals are being disposed of in the

Essay about The Benefits of Animal Testing are Too Great...
Animal Testing Animal testing began when William Harvey used animals 400 years ago to find out how blood circulated through the body. The
"modern" era of animal research however started about 150 years ago with the rise of physiology as a science. It was very different back then. There
were no anesthetics or effective painkillers, so the animals suffered a great deal, as did patients. Scientists learned that putting animals, or humans
through that type of torture was inhumane. Consider having to have a leg amputated, which was not uncommon in those days due to the fact that
infections got very severe without the use of antibiotics, without even so much as an anesthetic to control the pain. Now the treatment is there to help
the pain, so... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is very difficult, and in most cases simply not yet possible, to develop non–animal methods to replace the use of living animals. (RDS 2006).
There are many myths to animal testing. Many groups such as Animal Liberation Front (ALF) contest that domestic animals are not receiving their
rights and that this is not justice. (BBC. 2006) However, studies have shown and proven that only 0.4% of all research animals are cats, dogs, and
monkeys. 80% of animals being used are mice, rats, fish, amphibians, birds, rabbits, and the occasional pig or sheep. No matter what the animal, being
used, a licensed breeder must specially breed it. Another issue that is a big deal, yet is easily justified is the anesthetics. Anesthesia is used to prevent
suffering. Most procedures (60% in the UK) are so mild that giving an anesthetic would mean more suffering than the experiment itself. (RDS 2006).
Members of PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) suggested that animals are not the same as humans so there is no logical reason to
why they should test products on animals. Obviously there are differences between animals and people. Under the skin or fur, the biology of humans
and other mammals is surprisingly similar. People have the same organs, controlled by the same nerves and hormones, like other species. When there
are differences, researchers know about them. The differences can actually help scientific

The Animal Liberation Front
The major players in eco–terrorism are the organizations, businesses and the government. Two of the most infamous groups are the Animal Liberation
Front (ALF) and the Earth Liberation Front (ELF). Originating in the United Kingdom, the ALF grew to the United states in the late 1970's. ALF's
main purpose is to stop animal abuse and cruelty. They started out as non–violent, but overtime they started resorting to arson. Despite the violent
aspects of the group, ALF discourages acts of violence against animals. The ALF is considered a terrorist organization by the FBI. The ELF evolved
out of the group called "Earth First!" in 1992. Earth First! Was founded as a radical environmentalist group in 1980 that originally organized protests.
However,

Animal Experimentation And Biomedical Ethics Essay
Animal activists and scientists experience ongoing conflict between animal experimentation and biomedical ethics. Animal testing is one of the oldest
methods of experimentation. In the 1980s, the animal rights movement and the argument surrounding the ethics came under fire. As a result of this
movement, the experimental procedures became public, giving more incentive to the activists and momentum to their cause. The ethics of animal
experimentation come into question in everything from beauty products to the food and vitamins that are sent to consumers worldwide. However,
because of the industries ' involvement within animal experimentation, many consumers do not know how these products they are purchasing are
tested. Although the ethics of experimentation have come into question, new ideas of experimentation have progressed. Within the biomedical field,
new testing methods for both medicine and beauty products have evolved. Because of this new technology, activists against animal experimentation
argue that the necessity of animal experimentation is unneeded. In contrast, scientists argue it is not outdated. Despite the progress made by the
activists many scientists still believe that animal experimentation will be needed. Although animal testing may have served as a useful tool in the past, it
no longer is as accurate as the new technology and research methods from the 21st century.
Biomedical ethics within corporate experimentation has been a controversy for years, but

Animal Cruelty And Animal Abuse
Contents
I.INTRODUCTION3
II.SUMMARY OF CSR NEWS3
A.Nestle and the Beagles4
B.Yakult and the Mice4
C.Danone and the Piglets4
III.LITERATURE REVIEW5
China, US and the EU5
A.Research Connections to Animal Cruelty and Abuse6
B.Alternatives to Animal Testing6
IV.SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION7
V.REFERENCES8
I.INTRODUCTION
The abuse and cruelty by humans towards animals have been on the rise as producers and retailers of cosmetics and drugs rush to position their
products in the global markets. Scientific tests remain a leading player in animal abuse, especially due to the controlled environment while being
experimented (Norton, 157). While there are myriads of local and international rules and regulations guiding the human ... Show more content on
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This attracted the attention of animal rights activists, urging the consumers to reject products tested and verified using animal testing (Barnett, n.d.).
A.Nestle and the Beagles
Nestle has also been implicated for restraining food from overfed and obese beagles and feeding them with low–calorie Purina in order to test whether
it is able to reduce weight. This withdrawal of the natural food from the piglets not only starves them but confuses their growth. The same company
has previously fed 60 mice on a diet high in fat to make them obese. Once obese, the same animals fed on food rich in cinnamon to see if cinnamon
can help reverse or retard obesity in human beings.
B.Yakult and the Mice
Yakult scientists in North Korea on the other hand underfed their mice then gave them probiotic bacteria. The mice were kept hairless and irradiated.
The mice developed aging wrinkles on their skin. The scientists would use these results to conclude on the aging effect of the probiotic bacteria. The

mice were killed after the experiment and studied for skin examination.
C.Danone and the Piglets
Danone inserted tubes into the bellies of 8 two–week piglets to research on the rate of absorption of different formula products by babies. The Danone
project ended with one piglet dying after the experiment and a second one being removed from the experiment due to tube leakage. Instead, these tests
should be

A More Responsible Approach to Animal Research, Testing,...
It's Time for a More Responsible Approach to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation
The debate about using animals for medical testing has been raging for years. The struggle always seems to be between extremist animal rights
activists who believe that animals should never be used for research, and scientists who believe that any use of animals is acceptable. There are a
growing number who argue that there must be a reasonable middle ground. I contend that there must be a significant decrease in the number of animals
used by humans to further human goals. I will give a historical account of animal use, provide some statistics about animal use, present some arguments
against the use of animals and present Singer's view ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These animals include in decreasing order of frequency: mice, rats, birds, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, "farm animals" such as pigs and sheep, dogs,
primates and cats. The most common of these, rats and mice, are not protected under the AWA and no accurate figures are kept on the exact number of
these animals that are used regardless of the fact that they make up 85–90% of all animals used (hsus).
The most common arguments against animal use question the morality, necessity, and scientific validity of these studies, that is, whether we have the
right to perform such tests, whether we need such tests, and whether these tests provide us with any useful information. The moral aspects of the
animal use debate involve the view of animals as sentient beings. It is argued that we have a responsibility toward animals and a moral obligation to
not cause them pain or distress (jhsph). Singer argues that "...experimenters often seek to justify experimenting on animals by claiming that the
experiments lead us to discoveries about humans; if this is so, the experimenter must agree that human and non–human animals are similar in crucial
respects (p. 65)." He challenges his opponents to the hypothetical question "would [they] be prepared to perform their experiments

Animal Cruelty: The Fight For Animal Rights
In a world where one hundred fifty billion animals are killed yearly, the same question of these animal's rights are debated relentlessly. Whether for
religion or moral values, activists banded together to form anti–cruelty groups to stop these murders. As time passed, groups emerged and started to
campaign against animal testing for research. With the goal of abolishing these tests in mind, orginizations looked to the public in order to convince
legislatures to abolish using animals in biomedical labs. Thus, activists exercised their rights given by the first amendment; Using the press, assembly,
and freedom to gain support and help the movement go viral. In the late 1700s Jeremey Benthan said "the question is not, Can they reason? ... Show
One activist, Kevin Beedy, exclaimed "what is certain is that the battle [of animal's rights] will be fought in the arena of mass media...no tool is proving
as powerful as the television set." Orginzations, such as PETA, HSUS, and ALF have proved that statement true, gaining thousands of fans through
multiple protests, websites, mail, fundraising and celebrity endorsment. For instance, Peta sold door hangers in 1989 to campaign against Avon's use of
animal testing; Later on both Avon and Revlon stopped testing their products on animals. Additionally, the HSUS created a subscription based
magazine that targets students; The magazine discusses how children can make a change. One student shared his story of how he formed an Animal
Right's club, where they conducted two protests a month. HSUS and the Students used their right of speech, press, and assembly to give the magazine
attention, and to allow the students to protest. Another way the HSUS exercises their rights are carrying out their shame of fur campaign, which
involved posting anti–fur signs on billboards and busses and protesting against fur stores. Lastly, PETA boycotted the clothing manufacturer Benton in
1988 for conducting animal testing, soon enough the public pressured them to stop. However certain orginizations have been abusing their rights by
vandalizing and threatening labratories and their workers. ALF has been reguarded as a "terrorist group", due to bomb threats and property distruction.
Alex Pacheo, one of their outspoken supporters, said "Arson, property destruction, burglary and theft are acceptable crimes when used for the animal
cause." It would be much more effective if ALF used peaceful protesting, speeches, publications and more, in order to convey their message. For
instance, instead of

Animal Experimentation And My Personal Stance On The Matter
Do animals feel pain? Do they suffer when in distress? Almost all animal research is conducted for better understanding of human diseases and
illnesses, rarely are animals used for the benefits of animals. Is the pain felt by animals worth the advances in human understandings? I will discuss
what animals are used for, why they are used, the ethical dilemma of animal research, laws relevant to the study of animal experimentation and my
personal stance on the matter.
Animal testing has many other synonyms including animal experimentation, in vivo testing, animal research and vivisection. They all have similar
definitions but very different connotations. While three of these labels can have positive meanings, the literal meaning of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Later in 1922 dogs were used again to isolate insulin which revolutionized the treatment of diabetes in humans. The 1970's brought us the
antibiotics and vaccines for leprosy using armadillos which was then given to humans. The genetics of animals took a huge step forward in 1974
when Rudolf Jaenisch introduced viral DNA into the genome of mice. By 1996 this research had rapidly progressed when Dolly the sheep was the
first cloned animal from an adult cell (American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 1999). Currently there are hundreds of millions of
animals used yearly around the world for research. These animals range from invertebrates, like fruits flies and worms to vertebrates, like mice,
guinea pigs, hamsters and gerbils. Mice are by far the most widely used animals in research because they share 99% of their genes with humans
(American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 1999). Cats are most commonly used in neurological research while dogs are used for
biomedical research. 70,000 non–human primates are used annually in the United States and the European Union in the study of AIDS, hepatitis,
cognition, reproduction and genetics (Anderegg et al., 2006). With all of these animals, they are either bred in the laboratories to be used solely for
research or they are taken from the wild. There are specialist dealers that bread purpose–bred animals and businesses that trade animals from the wild
(Anderegg et al., 2006). At

Animal Rights And The Ethical Treatment Of Animals
From Erasistratus of Alexandria to Galen, who is known as the creator of experimental physiology, animals have been test subjects in experiments for
more than two thousand years (Day 35). Every year in the world as many as twenty–two million animals are used for scientific or medical purposes
(Day 10). A variety of animals are experimented on, including rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, cats, and primates (Day 10). Those against animal research
believe the tests are pointless (Day 10). They presume if the experiments were effective, cancer and other diseases would be cured (Day 11). The
ethicality of testing is also debated. Today, multipleanimal rights activist groups exist (Day 11). One of the most immense groups, People for the ...
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Operations performed may include drugging, infecting, addicting, freezing and burning, radiating, shooting, and surgical mutilation of living, healthy
animals (Carryer). From 1985 to 1987, Mary Phillips, a sociologist, studied twenty–seven researchers in twenty–three laboratories (Day 31). It was
brought to Phillips' attention that the scientists were not administering painkillers to the animals (Day 31). The researchers were describing the tests
as painless even though they did not provide anesthesia (Day 31). The cages in which the animals are kept are occasionally insanitary, small, and
crowded (Crupper). Some test animals do not experience the outdoors (Crupper). Their enclosures may be kept in rooms with bright lights,
inadequate ventilation, and loud noises (Crupper). Every year, anywhere from 80,000 to 160,000 animals are put down or die from testing
("Transparency Needed" 13). A leading argument for the ban of animal research suggests the use of alternative procedures. In 1959, William Russell
and Rex Burch published The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique (Chang 11). The book presented the three R's: reduce the number of
animals needed for experiments; refine current tests to reduce pain; and replace animals with other

Animal Testing in Drug Industry
Animal Testing in Drug Industry: Is It Appropriate or Not?
Millions of people were killed by incurable diseases, such as smallpox, rabies, et cetera before the 18th century due to lack of knowledge in
developing drugs and vaccine at that time. People caught by the diseases were hopeless because they knew that no one could help them. In the mid
1800s, animal testing was introduced to drug industry by Edward Jenner (Trueman, 2002). His brilliant discovery in developing smallpox vaccine by
using animals helped a lot of people and gave hope to the medical field that incurable diseases were not incurable anymore. Although he was not the
first man to use animal in experiments, his success made animal testing become commonly used in drug ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Verbal language is not the only means of communication. We can notice a person's emotions without him saying anything because of non
–verbal
language or body language he expressed. If we can examine body language in human, then we are also able to observe non–verbal language of animals.
In accordance to Charles Darwin in his book, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, many of the non–verbal reactions of human in
expressing emotions are identical with those of animals (Darwin, 1873). Thus, there is no reason that one, especially a scientist who has conducted a
lot of experiments with animals, does not know whether an animal is suffering from mental pain or not. As psychological pains caused by animal
testing offends the tested animals' welfare, alternative methods must be used to replace animal testing.
Animal testing not only afflicts animals being used, but also our society. A lot of harsh protests and terrorism have been done against animal testing.
Those actions have caused many public losses. Plenty of innocent people have died; many unrelated private companies have been accidentally involved
in the damaging acts, and numerous public facilitations have been ruined in those actions which are usually conducted by animal–lovers organizations.
Animal Liberation Front (ALF) is one of the most extreme animal–rights–advocate organizations. According to FBI, ALF has been causing 1,200
vicious acts since 1900 and millions of dollar

A Discussion on Animal Rights Essay
A Discussion on Animal Rights
"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; The Declaration of
Independence holds these rights to be self evident and unalienable. In the eighteenth century when these words were written they were called natural
rights, today we call them human rights" (McShea 34). The issue of whether or not to grant animal rights such as those that humans retain, is a greatly
disputed issue. Philosophers, clergyman, and politicians have argued the point of animal rights for years, but without success. Animal right is an
extremely intricate issue that involves the question of animal intelligence, animal activist groups, and the pros and cons of granting animals their rights.
Psychologists around the world, who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The activists found the cats in poor condition. Deep incisions scarred some cats' backs and they were dragging their hind legs (Reed 38). While in the
lab, the
ALF members photographed the cats and later turned the cats over to sympathetic veterinarians who treated and put the cats up for adoption. In June
1991, ALF claimed credit for $800,000 worth of damage caused by arson at the Northwest
Farm Cooperative in Edmonds, Washington, a supplier of feed to mink ranches.
Totally opposed to any kind of animal exploitation, ALF does not indulge in eating eggs, honey, or dairy products.
On the other side of the coin is Putting People First (PPF). A grass roots organization made up of men and women who advocate the eating of meat,
the wearing of furs and using animals in biomedical research. PPF takes the human side if the animal rights issue. As PPF is the only pro–human
group, it is also the only nationwide organization attempting to merge interests of hunters with all the other interest groups that stand to lose to the
animal rights extremists groups (Tapply 98). This human rights group promotes the age– old view that human rights are above animal rights. PPF
began in 1990 with
Kathleen Marquardt as the director and founder of the human rights organization.
By tracking legislative proposals and lobbying against animal rights bills at state and local levels,

Greenpeace, Earth First, And Animal Liberation Front
The environmental movement has been growing, there are many Environmental Organizations that are trying to do that right thing and take care of our
Earth. Greenpeace, Earth First, and Earth Liberation Front/Animal Liberation Front are three of these organizations. This movement would be nowhere
without Rachel Carson, her book Silent Spring, has been given recognition to starting the environmental movement. There are both "liberal" and more
"conservative" groups in this movement, but without that balance it could be difficult getting much done. Each of the groups have a different way of
approaching the problem of environmental injustice. The first group is Greenpeace. Greenpeace is a global environmental organization. Greenpeace is
best known... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring was the start of the environmental movement. She was the whistleblower on DDT in the 1960s. DDT was a
harmful chemical that was being used as a pesticide and to try to cure and prevent Polio. She believed that we needed to better control the chemicals
that we were using and she warned about sciences ability to alter nature, which she was able to prevent in some ways (Silent Spring Video). There are
many levels to the environmental movement. Some organizations, like ALF and ELF are very radical, while others like The Sierra Club are a bit more
conservative (Environmental Organization notes). Having this ying/yang gives people who want to get involved with helping out a lot of different
options. In conclusion, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring set up the structure of the environmental movement. There are so many different groups and
organizations in the environmental movement, this variety is good, whether they are conservative or liberal, they are fighting for the same thing, to
stop environmental injustices of some

The Ethics of Animal Testing for Vaccine Development and...
Animal testing is important to ensure the safety of a variety of products, specifically pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical devices used for surgery
and other treatments. It has also been used throughout history for various purposes. Once an unregulated practice, today there are laws, regulations,
and requirements associated with the ethical use of animal models. In the United States, animal studies are now required before moving on to clinical
trials. Legalities aside, controversy still arises between scientists, and public opinion can vary from unconcerned to extreme. The practice of vaccination
is an important part of maintaining public health, and it has proven to be beneficial to both humans and animals. In regard to vaccine ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the time, Jenner had no way of knowing the cause of disease. Robert Koch proved that microorganisms were the cause of infectious diseases in the
late 19th century. The work of Koch and other microbiologists of the time enabled us to extend vaccine strategies to other diseases.3
Animal testing has become an important stage in vaccine development. The first stages are exploratory and involve basic laboratory research. Methods
of treatment, such as natural or synthetic antigens, are identified; this process may take an average of 2–4 years. The pre–clinical stage involves animal
testing and may take an additional 1–2 years. Information gathered is used to determine the safety and potential success or failure of the vaccine.
Scientists also use animal studies to try to determine what immune responses the vaccine may elicit in humans, as well as a safe starting dose and a
safe method of administration.4 There are two major advantages gained through animal testing that cannot be acquired during the clinical stage. During
the pre–clinical stage, scientists may alter the vaccine to increase its effectiveness, and they are also able to conduct challenge studies. A challenge
study involves trying to infect the vaccinated animals in order to determine if the vaccine has been successful.4 Before such practices were

We Must Protect Animals from Needless Experiments Essay
We Must Protect Animals from Needless Experiments
Picture this: Researchers place a dog in a device called a "shuttlebox" which consists of a box divided into two compartments separated by a barrier.
Hundreds of intense electric shocks are delivered to the dog's feet through a grid floor. At first the dog is able to escape the shock by jumping across
the barrier, but then the barrier is replaced by a piece of plate glass. The dog is tested again and, as expected, tries to jump over the barrier, but instead
he smashes his head into the glass. The researchers observe that the dog's reaction to his situation includes such symptoms as "defecation, urination,
yelping and shrieking, trembling, and attacking the apparatus." After ten or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The act was most recently amended in 1985, when Senator Dole attached it as a rider to that year's farm bill. The amendment requires animal–care
committees established at every research facility to review planned experiments and procedures involved. Each committee must also have one public
representative as an equal voting member (United States Code 7:2131).
This amendment has also turned out to be weak. Ann Chynoweth, a researcher for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA, an animal
activist group), commented that "There is basically no limit to what can be done to an animal once it is taken out of its cage" (Bresnick 20). The
problem arises because the animal–care committees often function as an uncritical peer–review system. For example, at the University of Oregon, the
former president required that everyone on the committee take a pro–vivisection oath. Stephen Wise, president of the Animal Legal Defense Fund,
found that in his area's thirteen animal–research facilities, including those at Harvard and MIT, the public representatives included "an exercise
teacher, a secretary, and an engineer who was famous for having invented a bomb site" (Bresnick 20). These people have little or no experience with
animal rights and easily succumb to the desires of the researchers.
The amendment is also not adequately enforced. The act has not been interpreted to apply to rats and mice. Also the Institute of Laboratory Animal
Resources has

Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing
while there are many controversial thoughts on many different factors that apply to animal testing, I find it to be that many of the pros outweighs the
costs that comes animal testing such as the ethical or moral reason. Although when including the ethical or moral consequences that comes with animal
testing, the benefits to mankind and improvements to our societies and sciences in many diverse ways. Which leads me to strive towards the many
benefits that comes with animal testing even with some of the consequences that comes with the testing. Many people will jump to the conclusion that
animal testing is always done in a harsh manner, how the morals and ethics have been the same since way back when, and how the outcomes that occur
when testing on animals isn't worth the chance of them getting hurt. Yet this is not the case.
Whenever the idea of animal testing is brought up, it can be easily associated with some extreme cruelty towards the animal for basically no reason
and get very little results which is not the case at all. It is true that animal testing has been given a bad rap and recently many animal rights groups and
activists for liberations will bash on anything and everything relating to animal testing. Many of the average household products that we use in our
daily lives have been through numerous amounts of testing which could include animal testing such as hair products, some kinds of medicine, and
cleaning supplies. There are a numerous number of products in the average person household that they wouldn't have thought of that have been
approved by testing on animals on some point. It can be very hard for the average person to just completely take out all products in their house that
companies have used animal testing for and to replace them with cruelty free products since it is such a numerous amount. yet if a person truly
believes in their ethics and morals, replacing or avoiding the products that companies use animal testing for can be done. Yet it gets to a certain extent
for being against animal testing such as a recent case in 2009 when J. David Jetsch, a neuroscientist, heard a "roaring blast of his car blowing up" from
Animal Liberation Brigade purposefully trying to harm or threaten him.

P.E.T.A.: Animal Rights, Human Abuse
With over 850,000 active members, the animal rights organization People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has blossomed into an
exceptionally powerful speech community. Their main goal is to enlighten others about the prominent existence of animal cruelty in the world,
hoping to gain enough power to abolish it, or at least prevent it from happening as often as it does. PETA uses language as a tool of power,
verbalizing its message through controversial ad campaigns, rallies, marches and protests. PETA has also been very successful in using this tool in
courts of law, filing lawsuits against those who they believe to be treating animals immorally, and pushing to get proper legislation passed to help their
cause. After using language... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most significant instance of abuse is in their "The Holocaust on your Plate" campaign where the abuse of farm animals was compared to
Nazi–treatment of the Jews in concentration camps. Pictures of maltreated, starving, and dying animals (mostly chickens and cows) were juxtaposed
with pictures of Jews suffering from the same misfortunes. This campaign stirred up an immense amount of controversy, offending a many and
promoting feelings of hurt and anger within thousands of people. They also abuse their power by exploiting celebrities and political figures whenever
they develop a condition or disease that has even the most remote possibility of being caused by a meat–filled diet. When New York Mayor Rudy
Giuliani developed prostate cancer, PETA promoted billboards depicting the mayor donning a milk–moustache, accompanied by the slogan "Got
Prostate Cancer?" It seems like PETA should spend a little less time, money and energy criticizing and exploiting non–followers, and more time
commending the people that have worked to make a difference and achieve successful results for the community. PETA sometimes exploits people's
culture or religion as a communicative practice to achieve more power. They make people believe that they should join the movement because it is in
accord with the ultimate goals or guidelines of their held beliefs. One perfect

Peta
PETA
Kassie White–Simmons
U.S. Government – POL 110
Instructor, Dr. McCue
December 3, 2012
Strayer University
PETA
Define an interest group, with examples.
The interest group that I will discuss in this paper is the one of the most well–known animal rights groups in the world; People for the ethical treatment
of animals, commonly known as, PETA. Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellowanimal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first
caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about
experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland. The group first came to ... Show
Newkirk told Salon in 2001 that PETA works toward the ideal, but tries in the meantime to provide carrot–and–stick incentives. There has also been
criticism from feminists within the movement about the use of scantily clad women in PETA's anti–fur campaigns, and criticism in general that the
group's media stunts trivialize animal rights. Newkirk's view is that PETA has a duty to be "press sluts".
Outside the movement, the confrontational nature of PETA's campaigns has caused concern, as has the estimated 85% of animals it euthanizes. PETA
was further criticized in 2005 by United States Senator Jim Inhofe for having given grants several years earlier to Animal Liberation Front (ALF) and
Earth Liberation Front (ELF) activists, two groups that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has identified as agents of domestic terrorism. PETA
responded that it has no involvement in ALF or ELF actions and does not support violence, though Newkirk has elsewhere made clear that she
supports the removal of animals from laboratories and other facilities, including as a result of illegal direct action, (People for the Ethical Treatment of
Animals, 2010). For PETA, the only permissible skin to show is human. Partially clad members of the organization participated in a protest alongside
Clendenin

The Animal Liberation Front
Overview
This report will focus the threats inherent within ecoterrorist organisations, such as, 'The Earth Liberation Front' ('ELF') and 'The Animal Liberation
Front' ('ALF'). To understand these threats the report will aggregate the origins of 'ELF' and 'ALF', both in respect to their ideological underpinnings
and their organisational structure. These factors contribute not only to the past successes of 'ELF' and the 'ALF' but also to the likelihood of the
organisation to undertake violent acts into the future.
Background Information
In 1979 the establishment of the English environmental organisation 'Earth First!' marked a new era within the environmental movement that quickly
spread throughout the world. This new organisation espoused ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, the enforcement of anti–terror legislation has also been significant in reducing the instances terrorist occurrences. Although, the violence
committed by the 'ELF' and 'ALF' have lead to them being considered the most important domestic terrorist threat within the United States (Lutz &
Lutz, 2008, 138). Jarboe maintained that, ''ALF/ELF have committed more than 600 criminal acts in the United States since 1996, resulting in damages
in excess of 43 million dollars'' (Jarboe, 2002). With no clear, global solution to issues around climate change and environmental degradation, the
rhetoric and ideology that surrounds these groups will continue to attract extremists (Bardi, 2015, 162). It has also been suggested that both the 'ALF'
and 'ELF' may eventually turn to violence against civilians, given the style of leaderless resistance where it has little control over the activities of others
within in the movement (Gruenewald et al,

Animal Experimentation : Imagine An Innocent, Adorable Rabbit
Emma Knorr English 151 September 13, 2014 Animal Experimentation Imagine an innocent, adorable rabbit. This rabbit is contained in a cage so
small that he cannot turn around or sitdown. There is a burning sensation in his eye so painful that he can barely stand it, but he cannot reach it
because his legs are bound in the cage. He is fed minimal amounts of food and given barely enough water to survive. With his good eye he can see
dozens of rabbits around him stuck in the same situation. A few of his fellow rabbits have died from the effects of these chemicals in their eyes. This
scenario is a reality for too many animals. Not only rabbits are being experimented on, but so are dogs, cows, rats, and other animals. In fact, there...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Do we really need a definition for what an animal is? Can't we just refrain people from hurting other living creatures? Ninety–five percent of animals
used in research are not protected by the AWA. ("Pro
–Con") Laboratories have no minimum standards for the conditions of the unprotected animals.
Without rules to protect these animals, the scientists can do whatever they want with no consequences. Many animals are neglected and abused
because of the lack of guidelines for their care. This is an unacceptable way to treat anyone. All living beings should have basic rights such as food,
water, and sanitary shelter. Animals deserve these rights no less than you and I do. There is a wide variety of animal experimentation done in
laboratories, many are cruel and painful. Types of animal tests include the Draize Eye test, Skin Irritation, and Carcinogenicity. The Draize eye test
is an eye Irritancy test where a substance is put in one eye of an animal to see if it will cause any harmful effects. The other eye is left alone so it can
be used as a control. Eye tests are usually done on rabbits because their eyes are large in

animal testing essay
Animal testing can be defined as the process of using animals in experiments.
Normally the research such as biomedical researches, drug tests and toxicology tests are conducted in universities, medical schools, and pharmaceutical
companies. Scientists use many types of animals in their experiments such as guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils, monkeys, chimpanzees, rats, mice, dogs
and cats. Around 50–100 millions vertebrates are used in experiments annually and in United States, the number of rats and mice used are 20 million
annually. The articles that are going to be discussed in this piece of writing are, "Animal Testing A Necessary Research Tool, for Now" written by Dr.
George Poste and "Of Mice Or Men, The Problems With Animal Testing"... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Similarly the writers of the both articles agree that new ways should be found to replace animal testing. The writer of the first article, Poste says that
the ideas of replacing animal testing with another ways are compelling since it could save hundreds of millions of dollars in facilities and personnel
costs. Similar to Poste's point, the writer of the second article, Allen also agrees with the idea of finding new ways to replace animal testing. He
suggests the scientists to use transgenic mice with genes knocked out, inserted, or imported from the human genome. It can give better result since the
present of human genome in the animal.
On the contrary, both articles have their own differences. In the article "Animal Testing A Necessary Research Tool, for Now", the writer strongly
believes that animal testing saves lives; however the writer in the second article says that the result got from the testing is not applicable to humans.
Poste writes that animal testing is needed and important for human and animal health. He adds that it also plays important role in medical advance.
Many things have been discovered which give benefit to human such as the production of lifesaving drugs, vaccines, surgical procedures and improved
diagnosis of disease. In contrast, Allen gives an example to show that the testing is not applicable to human. In an experiment, some men are injected
with

The Negative Effects Of Animal Testing
The health and protection provided by doctors and hospitals is constantly developing in a positive effect. Every day millions of people and animals are
protected against thousands of diseases because of vaccines. Research through animal testing is used in many countries, and has been for many years.
With hundreds of animal protection organizations and programs, many people find it hard to understand the significance of animal testing. Until an
alternative solution is found, animal testing is necessary in today's society for preventing and curing diseases, discovering treatments and medicines,
and creating vaccines for both humans and animals. A cure unveiled today could save a human or animal life tomorrow. Without animal testing,
discoveries to save lives could not be possible without animal testing.
With animal testing, vaccines provide protection from mild to life–threatening diseases. With a simple shot, children at a young age are immunized
against smallpox and tetanus. This discovery through animal research shows positive effect. A common life–saving drug for diabetics was also created
through animal testing. Diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, and can affect people of all ages. There are different types of diabetes,
all a result in an excessive amount of sugar in the blood. The solution to absorb the sugar throughout the blood is the prescription drug insulin. The
Discovery of Insulin, written by Michael Bliss, explains "By the end of that year

Animal Testing Should Not Be Banned
Poliovirus is a contagious infection that rampaged through the United States about fifty years ago, with the possibility of leading to lifetime paralysis.
In the 1950s, Jonas Salk and his team developed a polio vaccine that prevented the outbreak of polio ("Polio Vaccine"). During his pursuit of the
creation of the vaccine, mice, monkeys and rats were used to test the side effects and effectiveness of the new vaccine. Without it, polio would have
become a worldwide malady. Animal testing is the procedure of using various animals to research for new drugs, vaccines or cosmetics. However, there
are many opponents against animal testing on the basis that it is unethical and that it is harmful to the subjects of the research. Nonetheless, ... Show
Even in high schools, colleges, and medical schools, animals are used as part of most instruction about dissection to explore the anatomy of
different organisms and how the animals' body would compare to the human body. How many cadaver bodies would a medical student waste if they
did not first learn where to cut or the right way to cut? The application of animal research has lead to many discoveries in the medical departments.
For example, mainly dogs have been used to develop cardiac techniques such as cardiac bypass, angioplasty and heart transplants, mice and monkeys
have been used in the trials to find new remedies for HIV and AIDS, mice were used in the discovery of antibiotic medication such as penicillin and
various animals were used in the research for cancer treatments such as chemotherapy drugs and radiation therapy ("Why do Scientists"). In the absence
of animal testing, there would be physicians or scientists, the health care system would be completely eliminated and the world would be permeated
with incurable diseases.
The use of animal testing is to examine "how much of a drug or biologic is absorbed into the blood, how a medical product is broken down
chemically in the body, the toxicity of the product and its breakdown components, and how quickly the product and its metabolites are excreted from
the body" ("Why are Animals"). During the testing of medicine, animals

The Fight For Preserve Animal Independence
The Fight to Preserve Animal Independence "Kindness and compassion towards all living things is a mark of a civilized society. Conversely, cruelty,
whether it is directed against human beings or against animals, is not the exclusive province of any one culture or community of people" (CГ©sar
ChГЎvez). Over the years, scientists have struggled to establish a technological way to ensure that their experiments are both safe and accurate.
However, economic and political afflictions occurred during the twentieth century that restrained researchers from finding alternatives to test their new
drugs. The inflation of disease, the need for cosmetics, and the essence of science urged scientists to conduct their experiments on animals since it was
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Scientists inhumanely sabotage animal lives and coerce them to live in unbearable conditions in order to conduct "accurate" results that can be used on
people. Additionally, corporations are becoming corrupt because they fear that they will lose money once consumers learn about the pernicious
procedures that go behind making their products. Despite the necessity for treatments and products, animal rights activists have fought continuously to
preserve animal independence by exposing research facilities and advocating protests that have urged many corporations to consider producing
animal–cruelty free products. It is important that individuals acknowledge that scientists and researchers are harming and endangering animal species
by conducting unjust and inhumane experiments on these innocent creatures. Therefore, limiting the ways scientists test on animals will not only
protect animal rights, but it will enhance human companionship. Ending animal abuse in research will create an effective social, political, economic,
and cultural advancement that will improve moral significance among humans.
The entity of human decency declares that all individuals are entitled to equality upon respecting and preserving the environment around them.
However, the conundrum comes when people begin to lose their integrity towards nature and take advantage of it. They become so

Animal Testing Cosmetics On Animals Essay
Testing cosmetics on animals good or bad
Some people think that using animals for cosmetics,and testing cosmetics on animals is good and helps the animals and people, others think it's
wrong..... Women, who are the major consumers of cosmetics, largely oppose animal testing of cosmetics, with 72 percent of those polled opposed.
Most women – 70 percent – think animal testing of cosmetics should be illegal. Strong majorities of women think animal testing of cosmetics should
be illegal, regardless of age, level of education or ethnicity. 68 percent of voters know that animals are used to test the safety of cosmetics.Three in
four voters say that they would feel safer, or as safe, if non–animal methods were used to test the safety of a cosmetic instead of animal testing. The
survey of 802 U.S. registered voters, including 206 via cell phone, was conducted by Lake Research Partners from Feb. 5 – 11, 2013, and was
commissioned by The HSUS and HSLF. The margin of error is plus or minus 3.47 percent. The questions and results can be viewed here.
The changes in wording seem to have given animal researchers a bit of a ratings bump. In a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Americans for Medical Advancement (AFMA),
Animal Justice Project,Animal Liberation Front (ALF),Anti–vivisection Coalition (AVC),Cruelty Free International (CFI),Eleventh Hour for
Animals,For Life on Earth (FLOE),The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), these are just some of the organizations that are trying to ban
animal testing.First of all, this is a significant about–face for the NTP and the EPA–both of whom have been shockingly resistant to incorporating
modern science into their toxicity testing

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