Here are the key differences between academic and non-academic text: - Academic text aims to inform readers by teaching facts with evidence, while non-academic text aims to entertain readers or express personal opinions. - Academic text uses a formal, objective style while non-academic text uses a more informal, subjective style. - Language in academic text is precise with field-specific terminology, while non-academic text uses more casual, conversational language. - The audience of academic text is other experts/professionals, while the audience of non-academic text is the general public. - Both can cover the same topics, but academic text provides in-depth analysis using research/sources,

2. 1. Description
2. Sequence (Chronological order)
3. Problem and solution
4. Compare and contrast
5. Cause and effect
6. Question and answer
Text structures
Enumeration
Classifications
Thesis Evidence
Definition

3. Description
 Describe something in order of space.
 Describe how something looks.
 a statement that gives details about someone or something
MY
BEDROOM
a closet by the TV
a television across from the bed
two windows on the
west wall
A bed in the middle

4. Sequence
Information is listed step-by-step. Explains how to do it or
how it happens.

5. Problem and Solution
A problem and answer are suggested.

6. Compare and Contrast
Shows how to two or more things are alike and/
how they are different

7. An action and its results are explain.
Cause and effect

8. Definition
Thesis driven
Enumeration
Classification
Argue, point interpretation
List parts and characteristics
Presents groups, types, classes,
categories
Providing an explanation of a concept
or topic by using synonyms to
describe it

13. WHAT IS ACADEMIC TEXT?
 Written by experts or professionals in a given field
 Well-edited and often take years to publish
 Uses formal language
 Contains words and terms specific to the
field(jargons)

14.  Informative, argumentative, or objective in nature
 Can be challenging for novice/beginner readers
 Contains list of sources or references
 Main goal is to advance human understanding
in a particular discipline
WHAT IS ACADEMIC TEXT?

16. EXAMPLES OF ACADEMIC TEXTS
 School books and textbooks
 Journal articles
 Research proposal
 Some newspapers and magazine articles
 Thesis and dissertation

17. TYPES OF ACADEMIC TEXT
Descriptive
Provides facts and information
Identify, report, record,
summarize, define
Analytical
Organizes facts and information
into categories, groups, parts,
types, or relationship
Analyze, compare, contrast,
relate, examine

18. Persuasive
Includes, argument, recommendation,
interpretation, or evaluation of the work
of others of your own point of view
Needs to be supported by evidence
Argue, evidence, Discuss, take a position
Types of academic text
Require you to consider at
least two points of view
including your own
Critique, debate, disagree,
and evaluate
Critical

19. WHAT ARE THE QUALITIES OF AN
ACADEMIC TEXT?
 Formal
 Define structure
 Provides only facts and evidences
 Objective
 Precise

20. NON-ACADEMIC TEXT
 Written for the mass public
 Published quickly and can be written by anyone
 Uses informal and more conversational language
 Often doesn’t involve research or resources
 Contain slang

21. NON-ACADEMIC TEXTS
 An author may be unknown
 Usually delivers simple and basic information
 Can be read and easily understood by any kind of
reader

22. EXAMPLES OF NON-ACADEMIC TEXTS
 Blog posts
 Fiction books
 Letters
 Personal journals and diaries

23. WHAT ARE THE QUALITIES OF NON
ACADEMIC TEXT?
 Personal
 emotional
 impressionistic
 subjective in nature
 informal

24. ACADEMIC TEXT NON-ACADEMIC TEXT
To inform the readers
Teach facts with solid
evidence
•To entertain the readers
•To express personal
opinion
DIFFERENCE IN PURPOSE

26. FACTORS THAT SHAPES
ACADEMIC WRITING

34. STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC TEXT
 Introduction
 Body
 Conclusion
The three-part essay
structure
IMRaD structure
Introduction
 Introduction
 methods
 result
 discussion

35. INTRODUCTION
Its purpose is to tell the reader the paper’s topic, purpose, and
structure. It might be between 10%-20% of the length of the
whole paper and has three main parts:
1. The most general information
2. The core introduction
3. The most specific information

36. BODY
It develops the question… what is the topic about?
It may elaborate directly on the topic sentence by giving
definitions, classifications, explanations, contrasts, examples, and
evidence.
Considered “THE HEART OF THE ESSAY”
The largest part of the essay
It expounds the specific ideas for the readers to have a better
understanding of the topic

37. CONCLUSION
 Is closely related to the introduction and as often
described “MIRROR IMAGE OF INTRODUCTION”
 That only means if the introduction begins with general
information and ends with specific information, the
conclusion moves in the opposite direction
 Begins briefly summarizing the main scope or structure of
the paper

38. CONCLUSION
 Confirm the topic was given in the introduction.
 Ends with a more general statement about how the
topic relates to its context.
 We can also find here the importance of the topic,
implications for future research or a recommendation
about theory or practice.

39. IMRaD STRUCTURE
 Introduction- usually depicts the background of the topic and the
central focus on the study
 Methods- lets your readers know your data collecting methods,
research instruments employed, sample size, and so on.
 Results and Discussion- states the brief summary of the key
findings or the result of your study

40. Questions?

41. 1. What is the difference in purpose between academic
text and non-academic text?
2. Difference in style?
3. Difference in language?
4. Difference in the audience?
5. Similarities in academic text and non-academic text?