It deals with the meaning and effect questions given in paper 2 of CAIE English. It will help the students to answer the questions with the help of connotations and by giving a simple way to figure out what type of a question it is.

1. Meaning and Effect-
CONNOTATIONS

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES
By the end of the students will be
able to:
• Identify the effects created by
writer through the words’ choice

3. How to deal with Writer’s
effect question?

4. STARTER ACTIVITY
What Is Connotation?
Connotation is the use of a word to suggest a different
association than its literal meaning, which is known as
denotation. For example, blue is a color, but it is also a word
used to describe a feeling of sadness, as in: “She’s feeling
blue.”

5. Connotations can be either positive, negative, or
neutral.
Tell which one of the following sentences has
neutral and negative connotation.
1. “The dog is thin.”
2. “The dog is emaciated”

6. WHAT and WHY
 My new neighbor is a mature woman.
 My new neighbor is an elderly woman.
 Before he makes any purchases , Billy likes to do his research; he's
very economical.
 Before he makes any purchases, Billy likes to do his research; he's so cheap.
 Yesterday's workout was a challenge.
 Yesterday's workout was very difficult.
 Yay! It's Lydia. She's a fabulous conversationalist.
 Oh! It's Lydia. She's so chatty.

7. Home Assignment
Hours later, lying in deep darkness, with an injury to her head and
concussion, Julia knew that she must force herself up. All her survival
training told her not to succumb to sleep. She had to find her parents. She
imagined their voices, telling her over and over again, ‘Don’t give in’.
Shouting was hopeless in this screaming jungle, and she staggered with
the effort of moving. The dense foliage, above and below, snaked, twisted
and snared her at every step of her torturous journey. The angry whirr of
swarms of insects, some as large as model aircraft, orbited her constantly,
ceasing only to dive, attack and bite. There was a stream up ahead which
she thought might lead to a village, but her elation was short-lived. As she
waded through dark, knee-high water, more creatures gravitated towards
her, and leeches attached themselves to her legs. Delirious with exhaustion
and pain, she curled up on the bank of the stream, and waited, hoping to be
rescued.
Q.1 Select words and phrases from these descriptions , and explain how
the writer has created by using this language.

8. Home Assignment
Q.2 How the change of words have affected the effect?
Hours later, lying in night, with an injury to her head and concussion, Julia
knew that she must stand up. All her survival training told her not to fall to
sleep. She had to find her parents. She imagined their voices, telling her
over and over again, ‘Don’t give in’. Shouting was of no use in this jungle,
and she walked with the effort of moving. The dense foliage, above and
below threatened her at every step of her difficult journey. The angry noise
of swarms of insects, some very big, orbited her constantly, stopping only
to dive, attack and bite. There was a stream up ahead which she thought
might lead to a village, but her happiness was short-lived. As she walked
through dark, knee-high water, more creatures came towards her, and
leeches attached themselves to her legs. Frenzied with exhaustion and
pain, she curled up on the bank of the stream, and waited, hoping to be
rescued.

9. Why not Frenzy???
Why Delirious???
FRENZY DELIRIOUS
Noun
(frenzies)
•A state of wild activity or
panic.
She went into a
cleaning frenzy to
prepare for the
unexpected guests.
•A violent agitation of the
mind approaching
madness; rage.
Noun
•A temporary mental state with a
sudden onset,
•usually reversible, including
symptoms of confusion, inability to
concentrate,
• disorientation, anxiety, and
sometimes hallucinations.
•Causes can include dehydration,
drug intoxication, and severe
infection.

10. Recap
Answering the Meaning and Effect
question is all about looking closely into :
Literal Meaning -Denotation
Implicit Meaning-Hidden meanings
 Connotations –Help create shades of
meaning
Effects

11. What’s Your Message?THANK YOU