Planning Techniques

2.  A BRIEF ON PLANNING TECHNIQUES?

3. WHAT IS PLANNING?
 Planning is also a management process, concerned with defining
goals for a company's future direction and determining the
missions and resources to achieve those targets. To meet
objectives, managers may develop plans, such as a business plan
or a marketing plan
 Informal planning - nothing is written down
Little or no sharing of goals
General and locking in continuity
 Formal planning – written
Defines specific goals

4. PLANNING PROCESS

5. PLANNING TECHNIQUES
Many different methods for planning exist, each with their own
benefits and drawbacks in different situations. No one technique
will be suitable for every situation, in fact, a number of these
techniques will usually be required for a successful overall strategy.
Different methods are used to cover different timeframes, areas of
the business and utilise different skill-sets.

6. PLANNING TECHNIQUES ARE AS FOLLOWS:
• Strategic Planning
• Action Planning
• Tactical Planning
• Operational Planning
• Contingency Planning

7. STRATEGIC PLANNING
Strategic planning is an organization's process of defining
its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its
resources to pursue this strategy. It may also extend to control
mechanisms for guiding the implementation of the strategy

8. STRATEGIC PLANNING

9. ACTION PLANNING
An action plan is a document that lists what steps must be taken in
order to achieve a specific goal. The purpose of an action plan is to
clarify what resources are required to reach the goal, formulate a
timeline for when specific tasks need to be completed and
determine what resources are required.

10. ACTION PLANNING

11. TACTICAL PLANNING
Tactical planning takes a company's strategic plan and sets forth
specific short-term actions and plans, usually by company
department or function. The tactical planning horizon is shorter
than the strategic plan horizon.

12. TACTICAL PLANNING

13. OPERATIONAL PLANNING
An Operational Plan is a highly detailed plan that provides a clear picture of
how a team, section or department will contribute to the achievement of the
organization's goals. The operational plan maps out the day-to-day tasks
required to run a business and cover.
• The plan covers the what, the who, the when, and how much:
• What - the strategies and tasks to be achieved / completed
• Who - the individuals who have responsibility for each task strategy / task
• When - the timeline for which the strategies/tasks must be completed
• How much – the financial resources available to complete a strategy/task

14. OPERATIONAL PLANNING

15. CONTINGENCY PLANNING
• A contingency plan is a course of action designed to help an
organization respond effectively to a significant future event or
situation that may or may not happen. A contingency plan is
sometimes referred to as "Plan B," because it can be also used as
an alternative for action if expected results fail to materialize.

16. CONTINGENCY PLANNING