History of Sub-continent

1. PRESENTED BY:
 ASFIA SAJJAD
 IQRA MOOSA
BBA 4-A
BUKC

2.  The history of Pakistan is not only about how we get
separate homeland, it about how the life was in back
6000 years.
 One of the earliest urban centers was here in the
region of sub-continent.
 Historians discovered that people of that time lives
in a civilized manner.
 We will further describe their way of living laterly.
INTRODUCTION

3. 
 Two major civilization,
Ancient Egypt
Mesopotamia
 “Cradle od Civilization”
 One of the most earliest civilization.
INDUS CIVILIZATION

4. 
 It was stretched atleast 1600 kilometers.
 The line and length of the valley starts from
Himalayas till Arabian Sea.
 The population of this area is about 25000 – 30000.
 Indus valley includes ‘Moen-jo-daro’ from Sindh
and ‘Harappa’ from Punjab.
DEMOGRAPHIC OF INDUS VALLEY
CIVILIZATION:

5. 
Continuation…
 The people of Moen-jo-Daro used
to live in 30 feet wide streets,
Extensive water supply and
drainage system.

6. 
Continuation…
 Harappan civilization was
civilized in their way of living with,
Social & Economic systems.
 Harappan people was the first
who grow Cotton and used
Bronze for Knifes, Axes and
utensils.

7. 
 Indus Valley declined after 2000 BC.
 History says that reason of their declined was
Aryan’s who captured their civilization.
 But, historians found other reasons of their
destruction. i.e, Flood, Economic hardship, crop
failure and overly populated cities.
DESTRUCTION OF INDUS
VALLEY

8. 
 Aryans entered Punjab through Khyber Pass
between 2000 – 1500 BC.
 They belong to Brahmanic religion.
 They are divided into 5 classes:
Brahmanic
Kashtriyas
Vaishiyas
Sudhras
Panchamas.
INVADERS:

9. 
 The biggest invasion was the arrival of Islam in
India.
 Mohammad bin Qasim brought people from
darkness to light.
 Along with the Army of 12000 men and 6000 horse.
ARRIVAL OF ISLAM

10. 
The Mughal Period:
 Babur (1483-1530, r 1526-1530)
 Humayun (1508-1556, r1530-1556)
 Akbar (1542-1605,r 1556-1605)
 Jahangir (1569-1627,r 1605-1627)
 Shah Jahan (1592-1666 r 1628-1658)
 Aurangzeb (1618-1707 r 1658-1707)

11. 
BABUR:
 King of Ferghana (Afghanistan)
at the age of eleven.
 Conquer Kabul in 1504 and
Punjab in 1526 by defeating
Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi at panipat.
 Seized enormous diamond Koh-e-Noor.

12. 
AKBAR:
 Babar’s son
 Inherited empire when he was
only 14.
 Greatest of all Mughal Emperors.
 Ruled India for half of the century.
 He extended the frontier of Mughal Emperor.
 He abolished jizya (tax) on non Muslims.
 Lifted ban on tample building and Hindus
pilgrimage.

13. 
JAHANGIR:
 Akbar’s Son
 Became emperor at the age of 36.
 Best known for his blased judgement.
 Also known for his love for Queen Mehr-un-Nisa.
Whom he renamed Noor Jahan. ( light of the world)

14. 
SHAH JAHAN:
 Jahangir’s son
 His era marked by economic prosperity, educational
prosprity and artistic achievement
 Architectual contribution include:
• Taj Mahal in Agra
• Shalimar Gardens
• Jahangir’s tomb in Lahore
• Red fort
• Jama Masjid in Delhi

15. 
AURANGZEB:
 Shah Jahan’s Son
 Proclaimed hinself emperor in 1658
 Ruled India for 49 years assuming
the title Alamgir
 Last Mughal Emperor to to keep
the empire strong.
 Ruled the empire with the iron hands
 Strengthened the return to Islamic law.
 He was the last Mughal Emperor.

16. 
INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT AND
RISE OF MUSLIM LEAGUE:
 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
 Founding of Muslim League
 Jinnah and Lucknow pact
 The Khilafat Movement
 The Nehru report
 Allama Iqbal
 1973 Elections
 Lahore resolution
 World war ii
 Creation of Pakistan and partition

17. 
SIR SYED AHMED KHAN:
 Educational reformer
 Pioneer for English education for
Muslims
 Played a key role in the awakening of
Muslims
 Emphasize on reformation of society on
the basis of Islamic teaching, modern
education and scientific thoughts.
 Set MAO College in 1875 which develop
into Aligarh University.

18. 
FOUNDING OF MUSLIM
LEAGUE:
 Founded in Dhaka in 1906 by 70 wealthy land
owners, Nawabs and lawyers.
 Form to protect and advance Muslim interests.
 British government held separate elections of
Muslims seat in 1910.
 One Muslim was selected to National Council was
Jinnah.

19. 
JINNAH AND LUCKNOW
PACT:
 Realizing that a joint front with congress was needed
for a fight against colonial rule, Muslim League
invited Jinnah to join the League and build bridges
between league and congress.
 In 1913 Jinnah join Muslim League but continued his
membership in congress as well.
 Jinnah believe that Hindu Muslim unity was the key
to Indian independence from British.
 In 1916 he negotiated a pact in Lucknow with Nehru.

20. 
 Presidential speech at Allahbad
in 1930.
 Proposed the establishment of a
confederated India a Muslim State.
 Muslims are different from Hindus
in all aspects.
Sir Mohd. Allama Iqbal

21. 
 After the poor result of election 1937, muslims
changed their minds.
 Hindus were afraid of Independent India.
 Jinnah passed a resolution based on the demand of
separate state on 23rd March 1940.
LAHORE RESOLUTION
1940

22. 
 After world war II congress refused to co-operate
with British.
 Ghandi started “Quite India Movement” against
British.
 British pledge Muslim League.
WORLD WAR II

23. 
 Muslim sweep in 45-6 elections.
 They won 90% of seats in legislative assemblies.
 British had no choice but to take Jinnah’s plans for
India’s independence.
Election 1945-6

24. 
 Pakistan came into being on
14th August 1947.
 Biggest migration in the
history of the world.
 India separated into two
parts
 by 1000 miles of Indian
territory.
 Jinnah become 1st
governor
general of Pakistan.
Creation Of Pakistan

25. 
PAKISTAN ZINDABAD..!