Wikipedia and cultural tourism

Wikipedia and Cultural Tourism
Iolanda Pensa, Università di Macerata, 21 April 2023, CC BY 4.0 http://iopensa.it

How institutions cooperate
with Wikipedia
Wikipedia promoting cultural
tourism
1. Sharing content: texts, images,
videos, data, books,
documents
2. Wikipedian in residence
3. Trainings
4. Copyright management,
licenses and procedures
1. Sharing contents in the
Wikimedia ecosystem
2. Producing open content or
releasing content with open
licenses and tools to make it
accessible to anyone for all
purposes, also to create new
commercial services and
products
3. Involving and activating people
and institutions
Pensa, I., & Pucciarelli, M. (2022). "Chapter 2:Wikipedia and cultural tourism". In Handbook on Heritage, SustainableTourism and Digital Media. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar
Publishing, https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Iopensa/Wikipedia_and_Cultural_Tourism
How to use Wikipedia
correctly
1. Collaborate :)
2. Respect for vision, rules and
communities
3. Respect for licenses and
attributions

Participation principles
If we have
any doubts,
we ask new
questions
We
participate
actively and
openly
We listen with
attention and
respect
We complete the
assignments on
time
We strive to become
a supportive and
respectful learning
community
Wikimedia Universal Code of Conduct https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Universal_Code_of_Conduct
Source: Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Education/Reading_Wikipedia_in_the_Classroom

Researcher SUSPI (since 2013)
Senior researcher and head of the researcher area “Culture and Territory” (since 2018)
Institute of design / Department for Environment Constructions and Design
SUPSI University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland
Member of SUPSI Board (2021-2024)
Co-chair of the Sounding Board Researcher for the Swiss National Open Data Strategy
Representative of citizen (schools and universities), Repubblica Digitale
Volunteer on Wikipedia since 2006; chair Wikimedia Italia; chair Wikimania Steering Committee

Douala Cameroon - research since 2003
Dakar Senegal - research since 1998
Consultant Cape Town South Africa 2004-2005
CH - Senior Researcher and Head of Culture and Territory research area at SUSPI (since 2013)
Cairo
US research on grant-makers Teheran
Minsk
Siberia
Rotterdam NL - Founder of the iStrike Foundation (2005-2007)
Volunteer in Esino Lario (LC - Italy) - Since 2003 Archivio Pietro Pensa/Ecomuseo delle Grigne/Wikimania
Milan - Scienti
fi
c director Fondazione lettera27 now Moleskine Foundation (2006-2012)
Far East Russia
Tunis
Born in Geneva in 1975. Lives in Milan. Swiss and Italian.
Art critic and collaborator of magazines and art magazine since 2001 (among them “Flash Art” and “Domus”)
Milan - Università Cattolica - Laurea in lettere moderne - Medieval Art history, thesis in contemporary art on the Dakar Biennale
Ph.D. in social anthropology and ethnology at the EHESS (France) and in urban planning at the Politecnico di Milano
High School Degree
CapistranoValley High School USA
European volunteer service Cambridge UK (1999)
Arabic language and literature (1995-1997)

THE PROJECT RESEARCH TEAM RESEARCH FINDINGS
The research “Mobile A2K: Culture and Safety in Africa. Documenting
and assessing the impact of cultural events and public art on urban
safety” is an applied research with an interdisciplinary and comparative
approach, conceived to document and assess the impact of cultural
events and public art on urban safety in relationship with the Millennium
Development Goal 7d (“By 2020, to have achieved a signi
fi
cant
improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers”).
More speci
fi
cally the research aimed at:
1. Documenting and mapping cultural events and public art produced
between 1991 and 2013 in the cities of Douala, Luanda and
Johannesburg and making this documentation accessible through
ICT.
2. Assessing the impact of cultural events and public art on urban
safety by exploring a series of case studies and compare them.
Research question. How cultural events and public art affect urban
safety in African cities? Can we assess these changes as positive
according to a group of factors?
Hypothesis. The arts are a space for experimentation and research,
not directly connected to urban safety, but capable of triggering
unforeseen ways of producing higher livability, civil cohabitation and
social cohesion.
According to its objectives, the research has documented and mapped
cultural events and public art in Douala, Luanda and Johannesburg
between 1991 and 2013, and – through case studies (with maps and
qualitative and quantitative interviews) – it has analyzed the impact of
those cultural events and public art on urban safety.
mobileA2K.org - April 2014
The research team was composed of scholars in the
fi
elds of arts,
communication, design, architecture, anthropology and sociology, and
with representatives of institutions working in the three cities at the
centre of our analysis.
The research was coordinated by the University of Applied Sciences
and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), conceived and supported by
lettera27 Foundation, co-funded by the Swiss Network for International
Studies (SNIS) and implemented in partnership with the African Center
for Cities at the University of Cape Town, Chimurenga, doual’art, Ecole
Cantonale d'Art du Valais (ECAV), École Nationale Supérieure des
Télécommunications, Fundação Sindika Dokolo, Latitude, NewMinE at
University of Lugano, University Iuav of Venice.
Davide Fornari (coordinator), Iolanda Pensa (curator), Fernando Alvim,
Alfred Anangwe, Emanuela Fanny Bonini Lessing, Serena Cangiano,
Lorenzo Cantoni, Marilyn Douala Bell, Ntone Edjabe, Ismail Farouk,
Aude Guyot, Inge M. Ruigrok, Sylvie Kandé, Federica Martini, Luca
Morici, Simon Njami, Edgar Arthur PieterseMarta Pucciarelli, Isabella
Rega, Didier Schaub, Andy Spitz, Fabio Vanin, Caroline Wanjiku
Kihato.
What emerges from the comparative analysis of the research
fi
ndings:
1. The space of experimentation and research of the arts is much
more limited than we expected. The arts are limited by a series
internal and external of factors (selection, location of the artwork,
technical aspects of the production, frame of the concept, role of the
clients, maintenance of the work and assessment of artistic quality).
More than any other art production, the outdoor nature and the size
of cultural event and public art are in
fl
uenced by those limitations.
2. By looking at the positive and negative impact of cultural events and
public art on urban safety what it emerges is that there is not only
an indirect impact, but also direct one (positive and negative), in
particular through the production of forced evictions and
infrastructural artworks.
3. By observing the different typologies of artworks produced in the
cities at the centre of our analysis, the research highlighted four
different type of productions which appear to have recurrent
characteristics and fall-outs: proximity artworks, artworks in
passageways, large-scale sculptures and monuments and urban-
scale artworks and cultural events.
4. Land ownership and negotiation plays a determinate role on the
impact of cultural events and public art on urban safety. The
process engaged in producing cultural events and public art can
support community-building, it can reinforce sense of ownership, it
can trigger individual and group actions in maintaining and
improving a shared space and it can produce restoration and
repurpose of sites. At the same time the production of cultural
events and public art can lead to forced evictions, vandalism and
con
fl
icts. The process and who is involved in the process is a direct
consequence of land ownership and negotiation.
MOBILE A2K Culture and Safety in Africa
SOSO| ESCOM
SOSO|GLOBO arte contemporânea
SOSO| BALEIZÃO _ LOTUS
SOSO|LAX _ SINDIKA DOKOLO
UNAP SOSO|BAI ARTE
R
u
a
do
s
M
er
ca
do
re
s
R
u
a
R
a
in
h
a
G
in
g
a
Av 4 de Fevereiro
Largo Rainha Ginga
Rua Rainha GInga
Ru
a
Hen
r
iqu
e
C
arv
a
lho
Rua Hengrácia Fragoso
Rua
Robert Shi
e
ld
s
Praça do
Ambiente
Largo do
Kinaxixi
Rua da
Missão
Museu das
Forças Armadas
Rua Frederich Engles
Estádio dos
Coqueiros
espaços restaurados
FUNDAÇÃO SINDIKA DOKOLO | TRIENAL DE LUANDA _ ESPAÇOS
CORREIOS

WikiAfrica/ShareYour Knowledge 2012. Iolanda Pensa, status report with mistakes, 2013, CC by-sa. Status http://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Case_studies/WikiAfrica/Share_Your_Knowledge/Institutions
Event: conference/training/workshop
Research
Archives
Wiki Loves Monuments
Notebooks (Detour, myDetour,WikiAfrica special editions)
Presentations and events
Creative Commons af
fi
liate
Orange and Orange Foundation (free Wikipedia on mobile phones)
Brooklyn Museum
Feed My Starving Children
International Institute for
Communication and Development
Sustainable Sanitation Alliance
Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
AfricaFilms.tv
Western Province Government – Department of museums - 28
museums in Western Cape Province, South Africa, Bartolomeu Dias
Museum, Beaufort-West Museum, Caledon Museum, Cango Caves
Museum, Cape Medical Museum, CP Nel Museum, Drostdy Museum,
Fransie Pienaar Museum, Genadendal Mission Museum, George
Museum, Groot-Brakrivier Museum, Hout Bay Museum, Huguenot
Memorial Museum, Jan Dankaert Museum, Koopmans De Wet House
Museum, Montagu Museum, Old Harbour Museum, Paarl Museum,
Robertson Museum, SA Fisheries Museum,
Sendinggestig(Missionary)Museum, Shipwreck Museum, Simon's Town
Museum, Stellenbosch Museum, Transport Riders Museum, Wellington
Museum, Wheat Industry Museum, Worcester Museum
Gambia National Museum
Sungani Zakwathu Cultural Heritage Promotions
Postal Museum, Matengatenga, Malawi
Zanzibar National Museum
Phuthidikabo Museum,
Mochudi, Botswana
Seychelles People Defense
Forces Museum (SPDF)
Uganda National Museum
Dataset of administrations in Botswana

Dal 2006 licenza libera compatibile con Wikipedia e documentazione storica e contemporanea caricata su Wikimedia Commons alla massima risoluzione.

Niccolò Caranti,Wikimania Esino Lario, cc by-sa, 2016.

2006 Harvard University
2012 George Washington
University
2009 Centro Cultural San
Martín, Buenos Aires
2015 Hilton,
Mexico City
2008 Bibliotheca
Alexandrina, Egypt
2011 Haifa Auditorium
Complex, Israel
2013 Hong Kong
Polytechnic University
2007Youth CenterTaipei
2016The entire village of Esino Lario,
Lake Como area, Italy
2014 Barbican Centre in
London
2010 Polish Baltic
Philharmonic, Gdańsk
2005Youth Hostel
Frankfurt, Germany
2018 CapeTown
2017 Montréal

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Primary_School - April 2014
WIKIPEDIA PRIMARY SCHOOL
Providing on Wikipedia the information necessary to complete the cycle of primary
education in the languages used by the different education systems.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
The research is developed within a Swiss-South African
cooperation lead by the University of Applied Sciences and Arts
of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI) and the University of Cape
Town, in partnership with Wikimedia Switzerland and the Africa
Centre based in Cape Town, and with the support of SNF and
the South African National Research Foundation (NRF).
Iolanda Pensa (principal investigator Switzerland), Tobias
Schönwetter (principal investigator South Africa), Luca Botturi,
Davide Fornari, Giancarlo Gianocca, Isla Haddow-Flood, Erica
Litrenta, Giovanni Profeta, Kelsey Wiens.
Wikipedia is meant to be an educational tool and it is currently
available online, via mobile phones and offline. Experiences
have shown that, once accessible, Wikipedia does not provide
information that responds directly to curriculum-based questions.
The project relies on Wikipedia as an existing and growing
resource, it solves the need for an encyclopedia capable of
responding to curriculum-based questions, and it fosters
Wikipedia content, quality and outreach.
THE PROJECT RESEARCH TEAM
The research project developed within a Swiss-South African
cooperation (2014-2017) focuses on the theoretical frame of
Wikipedia Primary School and in developing and evaluating a
system to assess Wikipedia articles for primary education and to
involve a wide network of scholars and contributors in their
production.
More specifically the project aims at:
1. Bridging Wikipedia and primary education. This objective
implies to move the Wikipedia community towards a focus on
primary education, and at the same time to strengthen the
capacity of the education ecosystem to contribute to
Wikipedia, and in general to open collaborative knowledge.
2. Enriching Wikipedia with new content relevant to primary
education. This objective implies an assessment of the
articles produced.
3. Fostering the development of translations and new content in
different Wikipedia linguistic editions. This objective implies
the release of existing educational resources (OER in cc by
or cc by-sa), the production of datasets and the involvement
of the Wikimedia movement.
4. Verifying and evaluating the use of Wikipedia as a source of
information for primary education. This objective implies the
involvement of stakeholders and data analysis.
Wikipedia Primary School contributes to universal primary
education and to the Millennium Development Goals (MDG2:
Achieve Universal Primary Education). Even if it is scalable and
international, the project is conceived primarily to address African
countries and languages.

Wikipedia Primary School, visualization by Giovanni Profeta, https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Primary_School, cc by-sa.

https://itwiki-scuola-italiana.toolforge.org

Open Science
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Open_Science_for_Arts,_Design_and_Music

What do you already know about Wikipedia,
the Wikimedia projects and OpenStreetMap?
Discussion

Wikipedia promoting cultural
tourism
1. Sharing contents in the
Wikimedia ecosystem
2. Producing open content or
releasing content with open
licenses and tools to make it
accessible to anyone for all
purposes, also to create new
commercial services and
products
3. Involving and activating people
and institutions

What do you expect Wikipedia, the Wikimedia
projects and OpenSteetMap can do to support
cultural tourism and territorial development?
Discussion

Listen to Wikipedia
http://listen.hatnote.com/

Wikimedia Commons
Immagini e video
WikiData
collegamenti interwiki e
informazioni statistiche
Wikipedia
400 milioni di lettori
280 versioni linguistiche
70.000 volontari
30 milioni di articoli
Wikisource
Documenti,
pubblicazioni e
manoscritti
I PROGETTI WIKIMEDIA
//////////////////////////
I contenuti dei progetti Wikimedia
sono liberi. Chiunque può usarli e
modificarli per fini commerciali e non
(citando la fonte e condividendoli con
la stessa licenza Creative Commons).
Wiki voyage
Informazioni turistiche
OpenStreetMap
Mappa con dati georeferenziati
Wikipedia and the Wikimedia projects are websites managed by online communities.
Wikimedia Foundation is the institution supporting Wikipedia and the Wikimedia projects and managing their servers
Wikimedia Italia promotes Wikipedia, the Wikimedia projects and OpenStreetMap in Italy.
Last update February 2023 https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-projects
Data items that anyone can edit
Open linked data
102 million items
Under the CC0
Wikidata
Wikimedia Commons
OpenStreetMap
Wikisource
Wikivoyage
the free worldwide travel guide
that you can edit.
License CC BY-SA
A freely usable map built by a
community of mappers that contribute
and maintain data about roads, trails,
cafés, railway stations, and much
more, all over the world.
freely usable media files to which anyone can contribute
90 million files
File in public domain, CC0, CC BY, CC BY-SA and similar
the free library that anyone can
improve
Wikipedia
the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit
60 million articles
331 linguistic editions
20 billion visualizations per month
200 million registered users
300’000 active users
License CC BY-SA 3.0
a non-profit library of millions of free books, movies, software, music, websites
Internet Archive
The Wikimedia Ecosystem

© Information Architects,Web Trand Map 2007/V2, 2007.
Wikipedia is not like any other website

Michael Mandiberg, Print Wikipedia, Benjamin Busch/Import Projects Berlin, 2016, cc by-sa. Courtesy Wikimedia Commons
60 million articles

Michael Mandiberg, Print Wikipedia, Denny Gallery NewYork, 2015, cc by-sa. Courtesy Wikimedia Commons

© Bili Bidjocka, Ecriture In
fi
nie, http://www.ecriturein
fi
nie.org.
L’Ecriture In
fi
nie - A book open to anyone and never
fi
nished

Edit Wikipedia. Communication campaign in public libraries. Design by Alessandro Serravalle developed within Wikipedia dietro le quinte, 2015 (Bachelor thesis), cc by-sa.
A collaborative effort

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Fondazione Cariplo onWikipedia in Italian, 09/2011, cc by-sa.
Activating communities

Mounir Fatmi, Les connexions, 2003-2004, installation
Bridging knowledge and presenting points of views

Wikipedia Primary School, visualization by Giovanni Profeta, https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Primary_School, cc by-sa.
Agosto 2015 Marzo 2016
Impact on Universal Knowledge

Visibility is the easiest metric.
GLAMVisual Tool (SUPSI support WMCH, 2016-2017). Concept I. Pensa, design G. Profeta. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:GLAM_visual_tool
Visibility of content

When © all rights are reserved
When nothing is written
Prohibiting derivative works
Prohibiting commercial use
CC 0
CC BY
CC BY-SA
Requiring attribution of data
Collaboration requires open licenses and open tools
It is always necessary to indicate È sempre necessario indicare l’autorizzazione sulla documentazione e vanno sempre autorizzate le modi
fi
che e il
riuso commerciale af
fi
nché un contenuto sia Open.
MIC BY NC

Il paesaggio culturale alpino su Wikipedia. Progetto Italia-Svizzera. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Alps_on_Wikipedia
Documentation available for any reuse

https://rm.coe.int/la-convenzione-di-faro-la-via-da-seguire-per-il-patrimonio-culturale/1680a11087
Open strategy for any reuse, also for commercial purposes
FAIR principles
Open Access Faro Convention Open Government PNRR
Wikimedia Commons
Immagini e video
WikiData
collegamenti interwiki e
informazioni statistiche
Wikipedia
400 milioni di lettori
280 versioni linguistiche
70.000 volontari
30 milioni di articoli
Wikisource
Documenti,
pubblicazioni e
manoscritti
I PROGETTI WIKIMEDIA
//////////////////////////
I contenuti dei progetti Wikimedia
sono liberi. Chiunque può usarli e
modificarli per fini commerciali e non
(citando la fonte e condividendoli con
la stessa licenza Creative Commons).
Wiki voyage
Informazioni turistiche
OpenStreetMap
Mappa con dati georeferenziati

Visibility
The relevance of an Open strategy
Participation Innovation Ethics
Sustainability
Research
Quality

Content available on
Wikipedia

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.
We need more people and institutions

Videos CKoi
Maladie - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Video_Wikipedia_CKoi_Maladie_-_Sickeness.webm
Dance - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Video_Wikipedia_CKoi_Dance.webm

When © all rights are reserved
When nothing is written
Prohibiting derivative works
Prohibiting commercial use
CC 0
CC BY
CC BY-SA
Requiring attribution of data
Collaboration requires open licenses and open tools
It is always necessary to indicate the authorization on content and – to be interoperable with the Wikimedia projects and OpenSteetMap
and to be Open – it is necessary to always allow modi
fi
cations and commercial reuse
MIC BY NC

In the Open Movement
Free means Freedom
And it requires the use of
open licenses, open tools and open and libre software

Free and Open
with open and libre software
Not really “free” and proprietary
Audacity
BigBlueButton
Cryptopad
Firefox
Framadate
Internet Archive
Jitsi
LibreOf
fi
ce
LimeSurvey (for surveys)
Mastodon
Matrix (chat)
OpenStreetMap
Peertube
Thunderbird
(Telegram client)
Wikidata
Wikimedia Commons
Wikipedia
Wikisource
Wikivoyage
Zenodo
Zotero
Academia.edu
ChatGPT
Doodle
Dropbox
Figma
Google
Google Analytics
Google maps
Google drive
Eventbrite
Facebook
iCloud (Apple)
Instagram
Linkedin
ResearchGate
Skype
Slack
Teams
TikTok
Twitter
Youtube
Whatsapp
Examples of free and open websites and services. If you can donate to support open websites and services.

If nothing is written,
it means that all rights are reserved

All rights reserved
To do something with this content you need the authorization of its copyright owner.
It means you can NOT copy it, use it, reuse it, modify it, distribute it, traslate it, correct it…
It means you can cite content and have a limited use in education

To allow the (re)use of content
you need to provide a license
(otherwise people have to ask you every time or they can use it illegally)

Source: BrigitteVézina, Creative Commons, 2023, CC BY
Creative Commons are the most used licenses for texts, images, video and audio (not for software)

Source: BrigitteVézina, Creative Commons, 2023, CC BY

CC 0 (o analoga)
Creative Commons Zero
CC BY (or analog)
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY-SA Creative Commons (or analog)
Attribution Share-Alike
The license used by Wikipedia
The license recommended for
researchers
The open tool used by
Wikidata, recommended for
data
Licenses and tools compatible with the Wikimedia projects

how to release content with an open license
Legal value
(you need to provide a link to the full
text of the license)
Understandable by computers
(deve essere nei metadati o inserita con
codice html)
Understandable by humans
(Creative Commons license with logo
and link)
Add the license to publications, websites,
documents, projects…
You need to specify the license (with a logo)
You need to specify the attribution.
You need to provide a link to the full license.
You need to include the license and the
attribution in the metadata.
https://creativecommons.org/choose/

who owns the copyright
Grantmakers can
request that research
results are released
under an open license
and published in open
access.
In any case inform everyone and explain why you are choosing an open license.
The copyright can be
owned by the author or
authors.All authors have
to agree on the license.
The copyright can be
owned by the institutions
employing the authors.
Include the license of content produced by a project directly in the project description.
Publishers can request
all elusive rights. But you
don’t necessarily have to
give them.
Not all content is under copyright.
Data, and non original works are
not under copyright and after 70
years from the death of an author
content enters the public domain.
You can always ask for an authorization

Clearly state in the first page how you want your content to be cited (include the attribution in the
metadata).
In another page provide full credits (team, funders, logos…).
Author, title, institution, date, license.
facilitate the attribution of your work
The attribution is how you want
people to cite you work. It needs to
be a short sentence, easy to copy
and paste, and easy to use as a
reference.

Attribute work and provide sources even if the license doesn’t requite it (citing sources is connected to the
research ethics / research integrity).
Author, title, institution, date, license.
always attribute the work of others
The attribution is how authors want
their content to be cited.

Metdata
data understandable by a computer
often you don’t see them
they are inside the document (provided for
example by using a html code on a website)
they facilitate the work of search-engines
Include the metadata
In the metadata include
at least
● the license
● the attribution

Wiki Loves Monuments. Sailko, Galleria nazionale di Parma, Sale dell’Ottocento, 2017, cc by-sa. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gn_di_parma,_saloni_ottocenteschi_02.jpg
A Community already interested in cultural heritage and territories

The countries promoting the contest Wiki Loves Monuments 2010-2013 and documenting with a total of 900’000 images cultural heritage around the world, 2014, cc by-sa.
Wiki Loves Monuments international contest

Wiki Loves Monuments. Ivan Ciappelloni, Palazzo Gambalunga (Biblioteca Civica) - Sale seicentesche, Rimini, 2015, cc by-sa. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biblioteca_Gambalunga_(Rimini)-4.jpg

Maurizio Moro 5153, GalleriaVittorio Emanuele II, 2016, cc by-sa. Maurizio Beatrici, Museo delle culture del mondo, St
Nicola Bisi, Rocca Sanvitale di Fontanellato, MIBACT
Battistero del complesso monumentale di San Pietro in Consavia,Asti, 2012, cc by-sa.

DensityDesign (Politecnico di Milano) & Wikimedia Italia - https://data.wikilovesmonuments.it. CC BY (data in CC0)

Authorization to access
the building or the
artwork and take photos
Rights of the
photographer
Other legislations
Rights of authors
Rights of photographers
Rights of the artist or
architect which has
produced the artwork or
the building
Owner
Restrictions related to
commercial use of digital
reproductions
√ Authorization of the
photographer (CC0, CC
BY, CC BY-SA)
Upload on Wikimedia
Commons by the
photographer (selecting
the open license or tool)
√ No reproduction rights
√ The owner allows to
enter the building and
take photos
√ > 70 years after his/her
death
√ Freedom of panorama
for exteriors
√ Authorization
√ Legislations without
restrictions
√ Freedom of panorama
for exteriors
√ Authorizations
The complexity of opening cultural heritage
Cultural heritage?
Access to a database of
cultural heritage
√ Access to a database in
CC0 with upload on
Wikidata
√ Creation of a new
database on WikiData

Freedom of panorama, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama, 2018; https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/2015_mapa_de_Libertad_de_panorama.png 2015, cc by-sa.

Procedure on
wikimedia.it
Authorization system for Wiki Loves Monuments in Italy
1
Template to
fi
ll
in and sign
Upload the
template
2 3
Take photos
5
4
Add content to
Wikimedia
Commons

2023 Churches 2024 Museums and GLAMs
2022 Castles
Thematic approach with opt-out option
The themes of the contest Wiki Loves Monuments in Italy

How institutions cooperate
with Wikipedia
1. Sharing content: texts, images,
videos, data, books,
documents
2. Wikipedian in residence
3. Trainings
4. Copyright management,
licenses and procedures

La curatrice e studiosa Carolina Orsini presenta le collezioni extra-europee del Comune di Milano durante una wikigita per facilitare la creazione di contenuti su Wikipedia e i
progetti Wikimedia https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archeowiki_-_Raccolte_Extraeuropee_01.JPG
La collaborazione con le istituzioni e le pubbliche amministrazioni

Videos ShareYour Knowledge
Why - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CPWc18LswRM
How - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpYmtRmPdUc

Unless differently
stated in
Publications, articles,
papers, signed texts,
videos, audios,
educational resources
in
Institutional websites Documents by others
Digital reproductions
of work, photographic
collections, scanned
books, digitalized
documents…
Software
Use a speci
fi
c open
license for software
Signed works
Data and metadata
Data produced by
research, metadata,
internal documents
(policies,
regulations…) in
Collaborative projects
When involving
volunteers in
Sharing content

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Empowering_Italian_GLAMs

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Empowering_Italian_GLAMs
Empowering Italian GLAMs
A project promoted by Wikimedia Italia
in collaboration with ICOM Italia, Creative Commons Italia and Università di Torino
co-funded by Wikimedia Foundation

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Europeana_Fashion_Editathon_2013_Stra_03.JPG
GLAMwiki,Wikipediani in residenza, edit-a-thon

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:QRpedia_codes_in_Silesian_Museum_Opava_03.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:QR_Code,_Museum_für_Hamburgische_Geschichte_IMG_1607_original.jpg

How to use Wikipedia
correctly
1. Collaborate :)
2. Respect for vision, rules and
communities
3. Respect for licenses and
attributions

Take and Give!
You can use everything you
fi
nd on the Wikimedia projects
and on OpenStreetMap but:
1. Cite correctly Wikipedia and the other projects (use the “cite this page button
with its permanent link)
2. Cite correctly images (Author, title, date, license (link to the license), via
Wikimedia Commons and link to the image)
3. Cite correctly OpenStreetMap (“Ⓒ OpenStreetMap contributors (con link
diretto alla pagina di copyright: https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright”)
4. Contribute to Wikipedia, the Wikimedia projects and OpenStreetMap
5. Release your content under CC BY or CC BY-SA when possible; and make
your research data available in CC0
What can you do

What is Wikipedia?
● Created on January 15, 2001.
● Online encyclopaedia that strives to share the sum of all knowledge.
● Written collaboratively by largely anonymous volunteers who write
without pay from all over the world.
● Free encyclopaedia
● Anyone with internet access can add content and improve Wikipedia
articles.
● Anyone can use, reuse and modify its content
● 2 billion unique visitors monthly as of May 2022.
● Over 56 million articles in more than 300 languages.
● It’s not a finished project! It’s always evolving!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia and https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-projects

Video Try the Edit Button - Prova il tasto modi
fi
ca - Wikipedia, dietro le quinte
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-2V-GD6n3Y
Video Alessandro Serravalle, bachelor thesis in visual communication, SUPSI, 2015, CC BY-SA all. Supervisor Iolanda Pensa.

Writing an article on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

Correcting a mistake on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.
You can correct a mistake

Adding an image on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.
You can add an image

Translating an article on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.
You can translate an article

Adding text to an article on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.
You can add content
(I do not recommend to start contributing to Wikipedia by creating a new article)

Wikipedia’s Pillars:
1. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia.
2. Wikipedia is written from a neutral
point of view.
3. Wikipedia is free content that anyone
can edit, use, modify, and distribute.
4. Editors should treat each other with
respect and civility.
5. Wikipedia does not have firm rules.

Core content policies:
❏ Neutral point of view
Wikipedia articles must be written from a neutral
point of view, representing significant views fairly,
proportionately and without bias.
❏ Verifiability
Material and quotations must be attributed to a
reliable, published source. People reading and
editing the encyclopedia should be able to check
these sources.
❏ No original research
Wikipedia does not publish original thought or new
analysis: all material in Wikipedia must be
attributable to a reliable, published source.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view
Start with sources!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Veri
fi
ability
Start with sources!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources
Start with sources!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources
Start with sources!

Internet Archive contribuisce a Wikipedia (bot e citazioni) - https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive

https://blog.archive.org/2019/10/29/weaving-books-into-the-web-starting-with-wikipedia/

Learn and master a system - What is about
Understand the rules and approach
Pillars https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars
Universal code of conduct https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Universal_Code_of_Conduct and
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review
Respect the law (copyright, plagiarism)
You are here to contribute to universal knowledge (no instrumental purposes)
Identify the style
How articles are written: informative, neutral
Avoid promotional tone and content
Identify the structure
How articles are structured: abstract, inbox, images, chapters, internal links, sources (references
and notes), external links
Your are collaborating with an online community
Be correct and transparent
Behave with respect and kindness
Explain what you are doing and why
Remember you are a new and unknown user: build your reputation (everything is recorded)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars
Learn the system

Behavioral guidelines:
★ Assume good faith - Wikipedia editors are encouraged to assume that
people who work on the project are trying to help it, not hurt it.
★ Do not disrupt Wikipedia to prove a point - Don’t spam Wikipedia,
unfairly nominate articles for deletion, push rules, or create work for other
people just to prove a point.
★ Please do not bite the newcomers - Understand that many new
contributors lack knowledge about Wikipedia policies and treat them kindly.
★ Maintain etiquette - Respect contributors that have different views,
perspectives, and backgrounds.

Wikipedia Editing Guidelines:
1. Be bold!
Wikipedia not only allows you to add and edit articles: it wants you to
do it!
2. Fix it yourself instead of just talking about it
In the time it takes to write about a problem, you could instead improve
the encyclopedia.
3. Do not be upset if your bold edits get reverted
Editors are working towards making Wikipedia as goon an
encyclopedia as possible, remember to assume good faith and act with
civility.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction

Anatomy of a Wikipedia article

Use the search box to look
for more information without
leaving Wikipedia.
Blue links allow you to explore
more Wikipedia articles related
to the topic. Red links indicate
that the page does not exist yet
but it probably should!

Certain badges on the top right
corner can highlight the outstanding
quality of an article after going
through a structured peer review
process. For example, this article is
marked with a bronze star
representing its status as a Featured
Article - some of the best articles you
can find on Wikipedia.
Similarly, you can encounter warning
banners indicating areas of
improvement for an article, citations
needed, or potential conflicts.

The lead section summarizes
the article’s key points.
It provides students with an
initial overview of the topic.

The “Talk” section shows
discussions around the article’s
content: disputes around facts or
sources, suggestions for
improvement, etc.
It shows how knowledge is
constructed through informed
exchanges, civil discussions, and
collaboration.

If you click on the “View History”
tab you can see the development
of a Wikipedia article through a
list of the contributions done by
different volunteer editors.
Since everything is timestamped
you can see how the article has
evolved over time and how up-to-
date the content is.

The numbers found along a
Wikipedia article indicate the
sources used to create it.
You can see a quick glimpse of
the source by hovering the mouse
over the numbers. If you click on
them you will be taken to the
References section where you
will find all the sources listed.
Articles can be assessed
according to the number and
quality of sources they have.

Which one is the lead section of this Wikipedia article?
Choose the right answer and type it in the comments:
A
B

Which option can show us a reference to a reliable source used in this Wikipedia article?
B
A

Where can I find the date of the last time this article was updated?
B
A

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles
Look for good or excellent models

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles
Look for good or excellent models

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_criteria

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_article_criteria

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_perfect_article

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia

+
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Pitti

Providing indicators of quality
Positive indicators
★ It contains several references from
reliable sources.
★ It has an informative and clear lead
section.
★ It covers different relevant aspects of
one topic.
★ It presents balanced and organized
content.
★ It is written from a neutral point of
view.
Negative indicators
❖ It does not have any references.
❖ It has a warning banner.
❖ It contains spelling or grammatical
errors.
❖ It contains outdated information
about a current topic.
❖ It contains unsourced opinions and
value statements.

1. Select a municipality you care about
2. How is the quality of its related article on
Wikipedia?
Look carefully at everything: the structure of the article, the links, the
alerts, the talk page, the chronology, the references, the
documentation on Wikidata,Wikimedia Commons.
Exercise 5 minutes

1. What can you find on a Wikipedia article?
Choose the right answer:
A) Links, movie videos, and references
B) Images, references, and links
C) Audio recordings, references, and personal opinions
Getting to know you

Getting to know you
2. Can you know who wrote the content of a Wikipedia
article? Choose the right answer:
A) Yes, everybody has to sign their edits with their real names
B) No, only the sources where the information came from
C) Yes, but only through the user names chosen by the editors

Getting to know you
3. How can you verify where the information on a Wikipedia
article came from?
A) Clicking on the inline citations and/or the “References” section
B) Clicking on the “References” sections only
C) Copy-pasting the information on Google and finding the source

Common misconceptions
The editorial control of Wikipedia is
left-leaning/progressive/liberal.
No single organization has editorial control
over Wikipedia. Wikipedia is entirely edited by
volunteers and disputes are addressed
through open dialogue on the platform.

Common misconceptions
Edits done to a Wikipedia article
cannot be reversed.
Wikipedia articles are dynamic and
continuously improved. New edits can be
deleted or reversed and old edits can be
restored if necessary.

How to contribute to Wikipedia

If I add my personal opinions to a
Wikipedia article without citing any
sources it will stay on Wikipedia forever.
TRUE FALSE

If I add my personal opinions to a
Wikipedia article without citing any
sources it will stay on Wikipedia forever.
TRUE FALSE
FALSE
Wikipedia editors will remove
non-factual information.

How can you make an important contribution to Wikipedia?
A) Writing a new article from scratch
B) Adding references to reliable sources
C) Fixing small grammar mistakes
D) By doing any of the above
Getting to know you

We will show you how to:
● Use the “Thank” button
● Edit to correct a simple grammar
mistake
● Add a citation
Let’s try together some simple first steps
you can take on Wikipedia:

Continue improving Wikipedia articles on your own (you’ll see it gets easier every time!) or join
the many initiatives organized by other Wikipedia editors:
● Wikiprojects: A project of cooperation amongst Wikimedians who want to work together
as a team to improve a specific topic area on Wikipedia
● Campaigns and contests: They facilitate diverse and new content, bring new
contributors, and strengthen the skills, capacities and commitment of existing editors and
organizers.
● Affiliates: Organized independent and formally recognized groups of people who work
together to support and contribute to the Wikimedia movement. (ADD RELEVANT
INFORMATION ABOUT LOCAL WIKIMEDIA AFFILIATE)
Are you eager to continue your journey as
a contributor to Wikipedia?

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, ShareYour Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

LimeSurvey
https://survey.gitpull.it/index.php/276287?
newtest=Y&lang=en
Survey related to the seminar

Let’s take a break
Stretch. Get a snack.
15
minutes

Questions?
Let’s review some of the questions we got on the comments.
Add more questions. Keep this conversation going!
Answers!

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