Terminologies in removable partial dentures

TERMINOLOGIES IN
REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing Dental Education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

CONTENTS
• DEFINITION OF RPDP
• TYPES OF RPDP
• COMPONENTS OF RPDP
• CLINICAL & LAB PROCEDURES
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
www.indiandentalacademy.
com

• Def of REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS (GPT-8)
• The branch of prosthodontics concerned with the
replacement of teeth & contiguous structures for
edentulous or partially edentulous patients by artificial
substitutes that are removable from the mouth.
• Def RPDP (GPT-8)
• Any Prosthesis designed to replace teeth in partially
dentate arches . It can be removed from the mouth &
replaced at will.( PARTIAL REMOVABLE DENTAL
PROSTHESIS).
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TYPES OF RPD
• INTERIM PROSTHESIS /STAY PLATE
• A Fixed or removable dental prosthesis or maxillofacial prosthesis
designed to enhance the esthetic stabilization or function for a limited
period of time , after which it is to be replaced by a more definitive
dental or maxillofacial prosthesis.
.
• TRANSITIONAL DENTURE
• A RPDP serving as an interim prosthesis to which the artificial teeth
will be added as natural teeth are lost &that will be replaced after post
extraction tissue changes have occurred. A trnsitional denture can
become an interim CDP when all teeth have been removed from the
dental arch.
• TREATMENT PARTIAL DENTURE.
• Dental prosthesis used for the purpose of treating or conditioning the
tissues that is called on to support & retain it.
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• TOOTH SUPPORTED BASE
• The dental prosthesis base that restores an edentulous
region that has abutment teeth at each end for support.
• TOOTH &TISSUE SUPPORTED
• Supported by teeth only one end.
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• EXTENTION BASE RPDP
• A RPDP that is supported & retained by natural teeth only
at one end of the denture base segment & in which a
portion of the functional load is carried by the residual
ridge.
• UNILATERAL RPDP
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• COMPONENT
PARTIAL RPD
• Tooth & tissue supported
components are
individually fabricated
joined with high impact
resin to form a single ,
rigid functioning unit.
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• SPOON DENTURE
• Maxillary provisional RDP , without
clasps, whose palatal resin base
resembles the shape of a spoon. The
resin base dose not contact the
lingual surfaces of the teeth & is
confined to the central portion of the
palate
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MODIFIED SPOON DENTURE
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EVERY DENTURE
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• COMPONENTS OF RPDP
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• MAJOR CONNECTOR
• Major connector is the part of the RPDP
that joins the components on one side of
the arch to those on the opposite side.
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MAXILLARY MAJOR CONNECTORS
• SINGLE PALATAL
STRAP
• Maxillary major connector
of a RPDP having the
anterior & posterior
dimension of 13 to 20
mm that directly or
obliquely travels the
palate & generally located
in the area of the 2nd
& 1st
PM.
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• COMBINATION OF
ANTERIOR
&POSTERIOR
PALATAL STRAP
• Ant . & post. Straps
connected by the
longitudinal
connectors on either
sides
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• SINGLE PALATAL
BAR
• A major connector of the
RPDP that crosses the
palate & is characterized
by being relatively
narrow ant. &posteriorly.
•
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• COMBINATION OF
ANTERIOR
&POSTERIOR
PALATAL BAR
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• PALATAL PLATE TYPE
CONNECTOR
• Major connector of RPDP that
covers significant portion of the
palatal surface.
• Indicated in Class I edentulous
arches.
•
_
_
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• COMPLETE PALATAL
COVERAGE
• Indicated
• Excessive residual ridge
resorption .
• Cl I arches with canine &
1st
PM remaining as
abutment.
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• PALATAL LINGUOPLATETYPE
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• U SHAPED PALATAL
CONNECTOR
• Indicated
• -Large in operable
palatine Torus exists.
-Several anterior teeth to
be replaced.
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MANDIBULAR MAJOR CONNECTORS
• Bar connector is a metal
component of greater
length than width which
serves to connect parts of
RPDP.
• LINGUAL BAR
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• LINGUAL
PLATE/STRAP
• The portion of the RPDP
contacting the lingual
surfaces of the natural
teeth.
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• CONTINOUS BAR
CONNECTOR
• A metal bar usually
resting on the lingual
surface of mandibular
anterior teeth to aid in
their stabilization & act as
an indirect retainer in
extension base RPDP.
• STEP BACKS _
Interrupted linguoplate in
presence of interproximal
spaces.
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• SUBLINGUAL BAR
• Modified lingual bar
placed posterior & inferior
to usual placement of
lingual bar
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• LABIAL BAR
• A major connector
located labial to the
mandibular arch.
• Indicated in extreme
lingual inclination of
incisors & premolars
• Mandibular tori
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• SWING LOCK DESIGN
• Labial buccal bar
connected to the major
connector by a hinge at
one end & latch at the
other end
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• MINOR CONNECTOR
• Connecting link between
the major connector base
of the RPDP & the other
units or components of
prosthesis, such as clasp
assembly, Indirect
retainers, occlusal rests &
cingulum rests.
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• OCCLUSAL REST ARM
• A minor connector used to attach occlusal rest to a major
connector.
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RESTS
• A rigid extension of RPDP that prevents movement towards the
mucosa& transmits the functional forces to the teeth.
• REST SEAT
• A prepared recess in a tooth or restoration created to receive the
occlusal, incisal, cingulum ,lingual rests.
• TYPES : I _ Primary
_Secondary
II _Occlusal
_Lingual or cingulum
_Incisal
_Extended occlusal
_Interproximal rest
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OCCLSALREST SEATS
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• INCISAL REST SEAT
• CINGULUM REST SEAT
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• OCCLSAL REST
• A rigid extension of RPDP that
contacts the occlusal surface of
a tooth or restoration , the
occlusal surface of which has
been prepared to receive it.
• INCISAL REST
• A rigid extention of RPDP that
contacts a tooth at the incisal
edge.
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• CINGULLUM REST
• A portion of RPDP that
contacts the prepared or natural
cingulum of the tooth, termed
the cingulum rest seat.
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•DIRECT RETAINERS
• That component of RPDP used to retain & prevent.
dislodgement consisting of clasp assembly or precision
attachment.
• TYPES:-1 Extracoronal
2 Intracoronal
• DIRECT RETENTION
• Retention obtained by the RPDP by the use of clasp or
attachments that resist removal from the abutment teeth .
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• HEIGHT OF CONTOUR
• A line encircling a tooth & designating its greastest
circumference at a selected axial position determined by
a dental surveyor.
• SUPRABULGE
• That portion of a tooth crown that converges towards
occlusal surface above the height of contour .
• INFRABULGE
• That portion of the crown of a tooth apical to the survey
line.
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CLASP ASSEMBLY
• The part of the RPDP that acts as a direct retainer & or
stabilizer for a prosthesis by partially encompassing or
contacting an abutment tooth.
• CLASP
• The component of the clasp assembly that engages the portion
of the tooth surface & either enters undercut for retention or
remains entirely above the height of contour to act as a
reciprocating element generally it is used to stabilize & retain
removable dental prosthesis.
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• RETENTIVE ARM
• A clasp specifically designed to provide retention engaging an
undercut.
• RETENTION ARM
• An extension of a RPDP & is used to aid in the fixation of the
prosthesis , a part of a clasp.
• RECIPROCAL ARM
• The component of clasp assembly specifically designed to provide
reciprocation by engaging the reciprocal guiding plane, it contacts the
action of the clasp during removal & insertion of the RPD prosthesis.
• PASSIVITY
• The quality or condition of inactivity assumed by the teeth , tissues &
denture when a RPDP is in place but not under masticatory pressure.
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BAR CLASP
• A clasp retainer whose body
extends from a major
connector or denture base ,
passing adjacent to the soft
tissue approaching the tooth
from the gingival direction.
• INFRABULGE CLASP
• A RP denture retentive clasp
that approaches the
retentive undercut from the
cervical or infrabulge
direction.
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• U SHAPED BAR
CLASP
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• RPI – Bar clasp design
• RPA—
• Undercut located in
gingival 3rd
of tooth away
from the extension base.
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INFRABULGE CLASP DESIGNED BY
M.M.DEVAN
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• MESIO- DISTAL CLASP
• Canines
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• SUPRABULGE CLASP
• Any RPDP retentive
clasp approaches the
retentive undercut from
an occlusal or
suprabulge direction .
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CIRCUMFERENTIAL CLASP
• A retainer that encircles a
tooth by more than 180
degree including opposite
angles & which generally
contacts the tooth
throughout the extent of
the clasps with at least one
terminal located in an
undercut.
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• CONTINUOS CLASP
• In RPDP a circumferential
clasp whose body
emanates from an occlusal
rest & extends across the
buccal or lingual surfaces
of more than one tooth
before engaging an
undercut on the proximal
wall farthest from the
occlusal rest.
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• CONTINUOS LOOP WIRE CLASP
• This clasp assembly was used to completely
encircle a tooth , particularly “a straight sided”
tooth, by means of one wire. If it was not
continuous , it was described as an Open loop
wire clasp.
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• SIMPLE CIRCLET DESIGN
• Originates on proximal
surface of abutment tooth
adj to ed space ,
terminates away from ed
space.
• REVERSE CIRCLET
CLASP
• To engage the distofacial
undercut
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• EMBRASSURE CLASP
• Two circlet clasps joined at
their bodies
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• COMBINATION CLASP
• A circumferential retainer for
RPDP that has a cast reciprocal
arm & wrought retentive arm.
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• RING CLASP
• Ring clasp is one which
encircles nearly all of a
tooth from its point of
origin . It is used when the
proximal undercut cannot
be approached by other
means.
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• BACK ACTION CLASP
• Mod. Of Ring clasp
• MULTIPLE CLASP
• The multiple clasp has
two opposing
circumferential clasps
joined at the end of the
reciprocal arms. www.indiandentalacademy.
com

• HALF &HALF CLASP
• Retentive & Reciprocal
arms arise from different
direction with separate
minor connector & with or
without auxiliary rest .
• REVERSE ACTION
CLASP
• Approaches the proximal
undercut & engages it.
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• JACKSON CRIB CLASP
• One piece clasp bent to engage the mesial & distal
interproximal undercuts in adjacent natural teeth. Usually
it was made by hand bending of a straight wire of
appropriate dimensions.
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• GRASSO’S CLASP OR
VRHR
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• TWIN FLEX CLASP
• Esthetically acceptable clasps
• Ticonium wire clasp anchored to the resin
denture base.
• soldered to the channel in the major
connector.
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EQUIPOISE CLASP
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• EXTRACORONAL
ATTACHMENTS
• Any prefabricated attachment
for support & retention of a
RPDP. The male & female
components are positioned
outside the normal contour of
the abutment tooth.
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• DOLDER BAR
• One of many bar attachments that splint teeth or roots
together while acting as an abutment for a RPDP . The bar
is straight with parallel sides & a round top. The sleeve or
clip that fits over the bar gains retention by friction only.
The bar may be of variable size & is pear shaped in cross .
This clip allows for some measure of rotational movement
about bar .
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EXTRACORONAL SPRING LOADED PLUNGER
RETAINING DEVICE
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• INTRACORONAL ATTACHMENTS
• Any fabricated attachment for support & retention of a RPDP. The
male & female components are positioned within the normal contours
of abutment tooth.
• MATRIX
• A metal receptacle contained within the normal clinical contours of a
fixed restoration.
• PATRIX
• It is attached to the associated RPDP.www.indiandentalacademy.
com

• PRECISION ATTACHMENTS.
• A retainer consists of a metal
receptacle & a closely fitting part (
patrix) the matrix is usually
contained within the normal or
expanded contours of the crown on
the abutment tooth / dental implant
& Patrix is attached to a pontic or
RPDP framework.
• PRECISION REST
• A prefabricated , rigid metallic
extension ( patrix ) in F or RDP
that fits intimately into the box
type rest seat or key way portion
of a precision attachment in a
restoration.
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• SEMIPRECISION ATTACHMENTS
• A laboratory fabricated rigid metallic extension of a fixed
or RDP that fits into a slot type keyway ( matrix) in a cast
restoration , allowing some movement between the
components.
• SEMIPRECISION REST
• Rigid metallic extension of fixed or RDP that fits into an
intracoronal preparation in a cast restoration.
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INTRACORONAL MAGNETS
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• INTERNAL CLIP ATTACHMENTS
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•INDIRECT RETENTION
• The effect achieved by one or more indirect
retainers of a RPDP that reduces the tendency for a
denture base to move in an occlusal direction or
rotate about the fulcrum line.
• INDIRECT RETAINER
• The component of a RPDP that assists the direct
retainer in preventing the displacement of the distal
extension denture base by functioning through lever
action on the opposite side of the fulcrum line when
the denture base moves away from the tissues in
pure rotation around fulcrum line.
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• FULCRUM LINE
• An imaginary line connecting occlusal rests , around
which the RPDP tends to rotate under masticatory forces.
• FULCRUM LINE OF RPDP
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• RETENTION
FULCRUM LINE
• An imaginary line,
connecting the retentive
points of clasp arms,
around which the RPDP
tends to rotate when
subjected to dislodging
forces.
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• DENTURE BASE
• The part of denture that rests on the foundation tissues to
which teeth are attached.
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• STRESSBRAKERS/EQUALIZER/DIRECTOR
• A device or system that relives specific dental structures of
part or all of the occlusal forces & redirects those forces to
other bearing structures or regions.
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ABUTMENT TOOTH
• A tooth, a portion of a tooth , or that portion
of a dental implant that serves to support
&/ or retain a prosthesis.
• LEDGE ON THE ABUTMENT TOOTH
• acts as an terminus for the reciprocal arm.
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• CROSS ARCH STABILIZATION
• Resistance against dislodging or rotational forces obtained
by using a RPDP design that uses natural teeth on the
opposite side of the dental arch from the edentulous space
to assist in stabilization.
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• CLINICAL & LABORATORY
PROCEDURES
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• SURVEYING
• An analysis & comparison of the prominences of intraoral
contours associated with the fabrication of a dental
prosthesis.
• SURVEYOR
• A paralleling instrument used in construction of dental
prosthesis to locate & delineate the contours & relative
positions of abutment teeth & associated structures.
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• SURVEY LINE
• A line produced on a cast by a
surveyor marking the greatest
prominence contours in relation
to planned path of placement
of restoration.
• ANGLE OF GINGIVAL
CONVERGENCE
• The angle formed by the tooth
surface below the height of
contour with vertical plane ,
when the occlusal surface of the
tooth is oriented parallel to the
horizontal plane. www.indiandentalacademy.
com

• TRIPODING MARKINGS
• Those marks or lines drawn on
a cast in a single plane
perpendicular to the survey rod
to assist with repositioning of
the cast on a dental surveyor in
a previously defined
orientation.
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• BLOCKOUT
• The process of applying wax or any other similar
temporary substance to undercut portion of a cast so as to
leave only those undercuts essential to the planned
construction of a prosthesis . A blockedout cast may also
include other surface modifications needed relative to the
construction of the prosthesis.
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• TISSUESTOP
• Tissue stops are integral part of
the minor connector.
• Prevents distortion of the
frame work during processing.
• FINISHING INDEX TISSUE
STOPS
• It is located distal to the
terminal abutment & is a
continuation of minor
connector contacting guiding
plane.
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• GUIDING PLANE
• Vertically parallel
surfaces on abutment teeth
or/ & dental implant
abutments oriented so as
to contribute to the
direction of the path of
placement & removal of a
RPDP.
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• FINISHING LINES
• In RPDP Junction between the acrylic denture base
major connector or any polished surface.
• EXTERNAL
• Between Acrylic &exposed metal surface.
• INTERNAL
• The ledge created by the relief wax in the metal
framework should be butt joint
•
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• BEADING
• Scribing a shallow groove
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• DUPLICATION
• DUPLICATING FLASK
• REFRACTORY CAST / INVESTMENT
• A cast made of a material that will withstand high
temperature without disintegrating.
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• ALTERED CAST PARTIAL DENTURE
IMPRESSION
• A negative likeness of a portion or portions of the
edentulous denture bearing area made independent of &
after the initial impression of the natural teeth . This
technique employs an impression tray attached to the
RPDP framework or its likeness.
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• FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION
• A secondary impression that is made for the purpose of
recording the RR in their functional form & recording the
optimum length & width of the flanges of the denture base
• ALTERED CAST
• A final cast that is revised in part before processing a
denture base.
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• CONCLUSION
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REFERENCES
• Glossary of Prosthodontic terms 8th
edition J
:P:D;2005:94:1;ssssss97.
• John Osborne, George Alexander Lammie Partial dentures
4th
edition
• McCracken’s Removable prosthodontic, 11th
edition.
• Stewart’s Clinical Removable partial prosthodontics 3rd
edition.
• Practical esthetic options for retention of removable
partial dentures: A case report . Quintessence Int.
1996:27:333-40.
• An esthetically attractive twin flex clasp for removable
partial denture. J;P;D;1998;80;3;367.
• The twin flex clasp ; an esthetic alternative
.J;P;D;1997;77;4;450.
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Terminologies in removable partial dentures

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