This document discusses the development of initiatives in Scotland to help local authorities measure and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from their operations and communities. It describes the Scotland's Climate Change Declaration project which engaged all local authorities in commitments around emissions tracking and reduction. It also outlines the Local Footprints Project which uses the REAP software to calculate consumption-based carbon footprints for local authority areas and support reduction efforts. The document discusses aligning emission indicators used at the local and national levels and integrating efforts across sectors from individual to national scales.

1. Scotland’s Climate Change Declaration & Local Footprints Project: Measuring Progress George Tarvit Development Manager, SSN Chair of the SLACCP Development Group

2. Overview Scene setting: local government and climate change 2006-2008 Local authority data: building emissions profiles and using the right tools for the job Local Footprints Project: supporting local authority action on area-wide emissions The Way Forward: some very recent developments

3. SCCD & potential emissions reduction indicators (and targets) 2006 Developments Scotland’s CC Programme published, including a commitment to work with COSLA and SSN to develop a ‘Scottish Local Authority CC Programme’ (SLACCP) by end of 2007.

4. The Development Group met for first time in June 2006, with a membership of: Scottish Government COSLA SOLACE Improvement Service SSN SNIFFER Carbon Trust Energy Saving Trust UK Climate Impacts Programme 2006 SLACCP DG Established Leadership – Declaration Legislation – LGinSAct, SCCBill Support Progammes – improving coordination and filling gaps Culture Change – climate change communications, training, etc Scrutiny – improving audit and reporting Resources – financing action

5. Scotland’s Global Footprint Project REAP used to map area-wide consumption-based emissions, to develop scenarios and to assess efficacy of policy interventions. North Lanarkshire Council, Aberdeen City Council and Aberdeenshire Council. Shetland also bought in to REAP. Carbon Trust LA Carbon Management Programme Focused on LA estates/services. Strategic approach developed through SSN engagement from Sept 2006. Mitigation Tools Proliferation SSN Sept Quarterly profiled multiple approaches available to local authorities. This led to the SNIFFER Research on CC Tools in 2007. An Inconvenient Truth! 2006 Programmes and Resources

6. 2007 Developments SCCD developed and launched on 16 th January 2007 All LAs signed up to in first quarter of 2007 A voluntary initiative to secure and promote political and corporate leadership on CC mitigation & adaptation. Declaration Commitments address: Emissions from own estate & operations . Incorporation of emissions-reduction into strategies, plans and programmes. Emission reduction engagement with local community / area. + annual reporting

7. 2008 Key Developments Climate Change Bill Consultation 5.9 It is considered that the only workable option is to set a target based on the emissions that we produce in Scotland. However, what matters for climate change is global emissions, not just Scottish emissions, so this target should always be seen as a proxy for Scotland's impact on global emissions. Scottish policies should be designed to impact on the global emissions Scotland causes, not just those we produce . This may mean that Scottish climate change policies tackle our consumption patterns or encourage technology that may be used overseas. Such measures may not improve Scottish emissions figures, and so may not contribute towards our target, but they will help in the global fight against climate change. These supplementary measures could still be reported upon to Parliament. National Performance Framework & SOA Scottish Government Purpose: ’To focus the Government and public services on creating a more successful country, with opportunities for all of Scotland to flourish, through increasing sustainable economic growth’. Purpose Targets: ‘To reduce emissions over the period to 2011. To reduce emissions by 80% by 2050’ National Outcomes: ‘We reduce the local and global environmental impact of our consumption and production’ National Indicators and Targets: ‘ National Indicator 32 - Reduce overall ecological footprint’ Menu of Local Indicators: ‘Council area’s carbon/ecological footprint’

8. Greener Scotland agenda Climate Change Sustainable Places Sustainable Production & Consumption Climate Change Fund will focus on community action Related Scottish Government Priorities

9. Council estate and services (including schools) Area-wide emissions and how council can influence reductions and give community leadership Community awareness and action will play critical role (CPPs and schools important) Households will be key Personal ‘footprints’ will personalise the agenda and engage individuals. There needs to be a ‘nesting’ and connection between individual, household, community, area, local authority and community planning partnership measures, indicators and targets. Can we imagine the ‘Stirlingshire Climate Change Emissions Profile’ around which all local authority, CPP, community, household, and individual understanding and action could be coordinated – and on which national and local interventions (i.e. the ESSACs) could be focused? Can we imagine all 32 local authority area emissions profiles being consistently measured and comparable – thereby enabling collective decision-making? Scope of the local authority mitigation agenda

10. Indicators - Coordination and Alignment Coordination and Alignment Potential Focus Approach Direct, own estate/services Carbon Trust LACMP based CO2 measures Area-wide AEA – production focused, fits with likely national target REAP – consumption focused Task specific tools REAP ‘Scottish specific’ calculators GRIP HEED etc Community REAP ‘Petite’ Community Calculator Household / Individual WWF Footprint Calculator / HEED / Act on CO2 EST and others provide programmes and interventions that support action on a number of fronts.

11. SNIFFER CC Tools Research – Nov 2007

12. Builds a Baseline of council own operations – direct emissions Twenty Four Councils Participating in Scotland C ouncils taking action and hiring new staff to reduce their own estate emissions South Lanarkshire, Carbon Management Officer Local Authority Carbon Management Programme Calculating Baseline Mobilise the organisation 1 Set baseline, forecast & targets 2 Identify & quantify options 3 Finalise strategy & implementation plan 4 Implement the plan 5

13. Parallel Initiatives Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan engagement SEPA/Scottish Enterprise engagement Recent SEPA-facilitated GRIP workshops in Scotland Is a dynamic consensus-building and communications tool Can be used to help strategic partners understand the underlying assumptions, limits and opportunities for area-wide emissions reductions. GRIP – the Greenhouse Gas Regional Inventory Project

14. Developments in England – LA Indicators NI 185 CO2 reduction from Local Authority operations PSA 27 (based on Carbon Trust Programme) NI 186 Per capita CO2 emissions in the LA area PSA 27 (under development by AEA)

15. Source: Justin Goodwin, AEA Technologies National Indicator 186 - boundaries Industry Agriculture Domestic Business & Public Sector Transport Included Excluded Motorways + end user emissions Refineries Power Stations Gas Production Solid Fuel Production Large Industrial Processes: Chemical Cement Iron and Steel EU-ETS

16. Consumption-focused inclusive of indirect emissions Holds a database of all UK LA carbon footprints Enables LAs to develop scenarios to achieve CO2 and ecological footprint reductions Nine LAs with software Aberdeen City Council Aberdeenshire Council City of Edinburgh Dundee City Council East Lothian Council Fife Council North Lanarkshire Council Shetland Islands Council South Lanarkshire Council REAP: Resources & Energy Analysis Programme

17. REAP : Scottish Local Authority Carbon Footprints

18. REAP : Scottish Local Authority Carbon Footprints

19. Local Footprints is a joint project between, WWF Scotland and the Sustainable Scotland Network Funding and support from Eco Schools Scotland, the Improvement Service, the Scottish Government and ScottishPower . From Scotland’s Footprint to Local Footprints

20. Goal To assist Local Authorities and schools in making a meaningful contribution to reducing Scotland’s footprint Supporting and training LAs using REAP Targets 25% of local authorities have footprint reduction targets 30% schools taking action to reduce their school’s footprint Currently 11 Local Authorities involved: Since 2004: North Lanarkshire, Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Shetland Islands. Since 2007: Edinburgh, South Lanarkshire, Fife, Dundee, Stirling, West Lothian, West Dunbartonshire. Nine more to follow in 2008-9 From Scotland’s Footprint to Local Footprints

21. Area-wide Emissions Workshop - 20 th March 2008 AEA, SEI-Y, Tyndall Centre SLACCP Development Group & Local Footprints Project SDC and Improvement Service hosted Area Emissions Profiles - The Cutting Edge Scotland’s Unique Opportunity SCC Declaration, SOAs & the SCC Bill Ability to establish consistent ‘Local Area Emissions Profiles’ for use by Scottish local authorities, their CPPs and their communities Transparent presentation of AEA production and REAP consumption measures that link to CC target and consumption indicator at national level. SSN now working with AEA and SEI-Y to progress this agenda.

22. Work in Progress: AEA Technologies, SEI-Y, Tyndall Centre 2) Domestic UK emissions due to export 1) Domestic UK emissions due to UK final consumption 5a) UK residential emissions due to travel 3a) Imported emissions to domestic industry due to UK final consumption UK Kyoto, Climate Change Programme and Energy White Paper Emissions SEI REAP Model Emissions English LA indicator 186 derived from this dataset. Allocated Energy production emissions to users of energy. Excludes shipping, motorways and EUETS processes. Scottish LA Carbon Footprints derived from this dataset 1 + 3a + 4a + 5a + 5b 1,2,5a,5b 4a) Imported emissions direct to final demand due to UK final consumption 5b) UK residential emissions not due to travel (e.g. housing) ONS Air Accounts: But including correction for UK residents overseas and foreign combustion of fuels on UK. LA CO2 emissions (1x1km): With some modifications to account for detailed distributions needed. Reading Across Data: REAP and AEA AEA NI186 accounts for any emissions that are released inside the UK, respective of their purpose. SEI REAP accounts the total emissions related to UK consumption, respective of where they occurred.

23. Local authority own-estate, direct emissions – Carbon Trust = target Local area emissions profile – AEA and REAP based = indicator Local Climate Impacts Profile – UKCIP based = adaptation indicator Next Steps "The definition of genius is the ability to make the complex simple“ Albert Einstein Carbon Counting Initiative - Consider how task/sector specific carbon counting approaches relate and add value to this simplified, ingenious approach to monitoring local government progress. SLACCP and the Local Footprints Project are well-established, local authority-supported initiatives through which this agenda can be progressed.

24. More information www.sustainable-scotland.net