This document summarizes a study on using water hyacinth microorganisms and organic waste materials to treat wastewater from batik dyeing industries. The study tested treating wastewater samples from 3 batik industries using a batch reactor with water hyacinth and 4 column reactors containing bagasse, rice husks, bamboo charcoal, or a mixture. The treatment reduced pH, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, ammonia, and color levels. The rice husk and bamboo charcoal column reactors most effectively lowered pH and conductivity. The batch reactor and all column reactors significantly improved water quality parameters. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of using biological and physical treatment methods to purify batik wastew

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 01, January 2019, pp. 1817-1824, Article ID: IJCIET_10_01_168
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=01
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, THE
USE OF WATER HYACINTH
MICROORGANISM AND ORGANIC WASTE
PRODUCT IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF
WATER FROM BATIK WASTE TREATMENT
Koosdaryani, M. Masykuri
Civil Engineering Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas
Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Edy Purwanto, Suranto*
Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Departement of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Address: Jalan Ir. Sutami 36 A, Kentingan, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
*coressponding author
ABSTRACT
Batik home industry is widely developed at this time. Increasing the number of
activies could increase environmental water pollution. Environmental pollution caused
by batik waste water can be found in the river which is the main source of agricultural
activities, fisheries and processed into drinking water sources. The aims of the study
were to determine the ability of microorganisme in the Euchornia crassipes in
improving the quality of water BOD and COD of waste water batik solution after
treated with solution of water hyacinth microorganisme and rice sugarcane huskes and
bamboo charcoal. Water waste solutions were taken from three different sites of home
batik industries in: (1) Surakarta, (2) Sragen, and (3) Pekalongan. The Result showed
that effluent pH dropped, temperature of liquid waste tends to fluctuate up and down
with a difference of 1°C of the initial temperature of the liquid waste. Color Processing
Waste after experiencing a decline of up, conductivity in the column reactor bagasse
and rice husks column reactor increased and decreased in bamboo charcoal column
reactor up. The value of BOD, COD, TSS and TDS tend to fluctuate. Chemical
compounds of a Ammonia was drastically reduced. For the heavy metals chromium and

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cadmium has never been detected, which was much lower than the maximum levels of
crom is (1 mg / L).
Keywoard: batik, water hyacinth, bagasse, rice husk, bamboo charcoal.
Cite this Article: Koosdaryani, M. Masykuri and Edy Purwanto, Suranto, Water
Purification Technology, the Use of Water Hyacinth Microorganism and Organic
Waste Product in Improving the Quality of Water from Batik Waste Treatment,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(01), 2019, pp. 1817–
1824
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=01
1. INTRODUCTION
Indonesia has a thriving industrial area, ranging from the big city, the city grew to a small town.
Most of the industry, issued a waste as the rest of the production. One of the industries that
produce hazardous waste (B3) is a batik textile industry. Types of waste from the textile
industry batik is a heavy metal containing Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn. Waste generated from the dye
batik textile industry is generally a non-biodegradable organic compounds, which can cause
environmental pollution, especially of aquatic environment. Most producers do not process
waste and throw away directly into open water, and consequently the waters will be polluted,
and therefore it does not meet quality standards based life environment law No. 5 in 2012. The
government set the threshold effluent standards for the textile industry, namely: value
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) for textile waste is
ranging between 80-6000 mg / L and 150-12000 mg / L. The treatment waste can be done by
physics, chemistry, and biology. (Eddy & Metcalf, 1979).
The aims of this study were to prove the effectiveness of sewage treatment batik textile
industry by using the method of biology and physics. The biological approch was to use
bacteria from roots hyacinth mumps or Euchornia crassipes. This plant can reduce the dye and
this is also known to be able to survive even in water that has been contaminated severelly. A
column reactor with liquid waste from a batch reactor to absorb heavy metals from the rest of
the biological processes that contained in the waste liquid batch reactor will be used as physical
method. The reactors used was 4 column rectangle in the content of each column bagasse, rice
husks and bamboo charcoal, and the fourth in the content mix of the three. The organic material
used as the utilization of organic waste.
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS
This research used quantitative descriptive research type experiments to find out how much the
effectiveness of wastewater treatment tool that would be obtained batik design batik waste
water treatment plant.
2.1. Sampling of Batik Waste Water and Plant Material
The location of the test material is at 3 home batik industry in Jl. Ukel Rinonce, Mangkuyudan,
Surakarta, the housing industry in Sragen, and Pekalongan batik industry centers. Location
modeling tool batik waste is in the yard UNS Faculty of Engineering and Health Laboratory of
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, UNS. The test site early test material
and the test material is water in Surakarta Regional Health Laboratory and BBTKL & PPY.
The location of roots sampling of water hyacinth was in Reservoir Cengklik, Boyolali in
Central Java by taking hyacinth has already flowering at the edge and the middle of the
reservoir.

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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Changes in pH
The degree of acidity (pH) is very influential on the growth of anaerobic microbes. In certain
conditions the pH will affect the enzym activity (Koosdaryani, 2001). In this study batch
reactor under aerobic conditions.
Figure 1. Changes in pH After Absorption
Figure 1 shows that the absorption process takes place in the pH range of 0.7 to 3.5. From
the results of the first sample of the 3rd to decrease the pH to 3.5 occurring in the sample to 3
on the type 3. In the result the pH of the process column-type reactor 3 is an effective to lower
the pH. Results of measurement pH for absorption can be seen in Figure 1
3.2. Conductivity
Conductivity is the ability or power to or forwarding includes electricity which aims to
determine the sensitivity of the environment in the water. For the measurement values can be
seen conductivity Figure 2
Figure 2. Results of Measurement Value Conductivity
3.3. Levels of BOD
Biological Oxygen Demand or BOD is the amount of oxygen needed by bacteria to decompose
or oxidize, almost all the dissolved organic substances and some organic substances that are
suspended in water. As a result of the use of oxygen to decompose living creatures dead and

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thrown into the water resulting in dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water will be less. Dissolved
oxygen is needed living things in the water like a fish, because these creatures can not breathe
the air directly or require DO. Therefore in this study measured levels of BOD in the show in
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Levels BOD value
3.4. Level of COD
Figure 4. Levels COD value
COD is the amount of oxygen required to oxidize organic substances contained in
wastewater by utilizing an oxidant potassium dichromate as the source of oxygen. Figures COD
is a measure of water pollution by organic substances that naturally can be oxidized through
biological processes and can lead to reduced oxygen dissolved in water
3.5. Content Value TSS

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Figure 5. Levels of Value TSS
TSS is a residue of a total solids retained by the filter with a maximum particle size of 2
μm or larger than the size of the colloidal particles. Which includes TSS is mud, clay, metal
oxides, sulfides, algae, bacteria and fungi. Turbidity is purely an optical properties.
3.6. Levels of TDS
Total dissolved solids (Total Dissolved Solids) is a measure of the combined content of all
inorganic substances and organic contained in a liquid as: molecules, ionized or form
mikrogranula trapped. In general, the operational definition is that the solids must be small
enough to escape from filtering through a sieve size of 2 μm (micrometer). Basic application
of TDS is a study on the water quality of streams, rivers, and lakes, though TDS is generally
not regarded as a substance that is the main pollutants.
Figure 6. Value of TDS
Figure 6 shows that a decline in the value of TDS on the type of reactor 4 up to 1650 mg /
L in the sample 3 and the sample 2 there was an increase in all types of reactors, the lowest rise
occurs in type to the 4 to 41 mg / l.
3.7. Ammonia Heavy Metals
Ammonia is a chemical compound with the formula NH3. These compounds are usually found
in the form of gas with a sharp odor characteristic. Although ammonia has contributed
significantly to the presence of nutrients in the earth, ammonia itself is a compound caustic and
can damage health. In this study, known the value of ammonia in wastewater samples that used
the study and after undergoing a process of absorption of ammonia decreased value, for better
results clearly be seen Table 1.
Table 1. Results of Assays Ammonia
Column Type Surakarta Sragen Pekalongan
Original Sample 0.0224 12.3251
Hyacinth 0.0214 0.0205 0.0235
Sugarcane Bagasse <0.0003 <0.0003 0.0071
Rice Husk <0.0003 <0.0003 0.0153
Bamboo Charcoal <0.0003 0.016 0.0142
All Media Types <0.0003 <0.0003 0.01

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3.8. Color
In a liquid sample, color is one of the indicators that can be used to optically eligibility if the
water can be used or not because the water is good to have some simple aspects that is tasteless,
colorless and odorless. This study took samples of wastewater from batik industry can be said
that the sample color derived from the dye used in the company, especially in the modern era
of textile dyes is more commonly used than the natural dyes. Samples taken first introduced
into the reactor column from bagasse, rice husks, bamboo charcoal and medium batch reactor
water hyacinth. For color test results can be seen in Figure 7
Figure 7. Color Value
Figure 7 shows that after the liquid waste introduced into the reactor bacth color value fell
63% and decreased by 100% on all types of columns.
4. CONCLUSION
The results of the batch reactor process and the process of absorption in the reactor column on
pH, conductivity, COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, ammonia chemical compounds, and color gives
conclusions:
1. The greatest decline in pH value and conductivity occurred in 3 column reactor
types, namely rice husk column reactor of 3.5 to pH and by 2443 μmhos / cm for
conductivity.
2. Type column reactor 4 namely bamboo charcoal is excellent in lowering and
stabilizing the value of BOD, COD and TDS have value declines due to steeper and
increase lower than other types were all increased.
3. The batch reactor water hyacinth can lower the value of TSS, color and value
chemical compound ammonia properly.
4. In the examination of color values, showed that all types of column reactor effective
in lowering the value of color.
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