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test-1/
GOVT 220 Test 1
1. The framers of our constitution called a representative
democracy a republic.
2. A government whose decisions people will obey because
they think the government has the right to make them is
considered
3. Hardly any policy becomes law without adjustments to the
needs of the states.
4. The prime minister can rule as long as he or she
5. In a parliamentary system, power is decentralized.
6. In 1935, most Americans paid no federal income tax.
7. In the late 1700s the federal government was broke and
sinking deeper into debt.
8. Today, the average income tax rate for American families is
over __________ percent.
9. The term that the Framers of the Constitution used to
describe our form of democracy was
10. When citizens vote on major issues that are put on the
ballot, this is an example of a(n)
11. A government is only legitimate if its citizens obey all
its laws.
12. It is possible to be critical of government and yet
passionately defend its principles.
13. Who predicted ratification of the Constitution would
result in the creation of an ever‐growing government that
would greatly increase taxes?
14. Winston Churchill observed that democracy is
15. The United States is a(n)

2. 16. Debates over government finances have generally been
debates about
17. If a society has become pluralist, power and resources
have been distributed widely.
18. The Constitution contained no bill of rights because,
among other things,
19. Who, notably, said, “A little rebellion now and then is a
good thing”?
20. Under the Articles of Confederation, there was
21. The U.S. Constitution is the world’s oldest written
national constitution.
22. The Framers of the Constitution believed that two types
of majorities were essential on important questions; they are
majorities of
23. The Virginia Plan was authored by
24. By the end of the Convention, one state was represented
by a single delegate—the other delegates having left the
Convention; that state was
25. The Articles of Confederation granted the federal
government the rights to levy taxes and regulate commerce.
26. The text notes a recent Supreme Court case involving
________ received extensive and intense media coverage
before and after the Court’s decision.
27. Cruel and unusual punishment is forbidden in the
28. Generally, the Antifederalists felt that the government
created by the Constitution was
29. The Framers of the Constitution intended to create a
30. Which of the following statements regarding the
Constitutional Convention is incorrect?
31. An ex post facto law makes an act a crime that was not
a crime at the time that is was committed.
32. The Virginia Plan called for
33. For most Americans, the Revolution was about
34. The Constitution has been amended __________ times
in more than 225 years.

3. 35. There are over __________ elected officials in this
county.
36. In McCulloch v. Maryland the Supreme Court
concluded that chartering a bank was within the powers of
Congress.
37. President Clinton signed into law the Real ID Act, in
effect creating a national identity card.
38. The decision in McCulloch v. Maryland rested largely
on the premise that the government
39. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled the individual
mandate of “Obamacare” was not a tax.
40. The Constitution was ratified in
41. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled the most
controversial aspect of Obamacare withstood constitutional
scrutiny as a _________ as opposed to a “penalty.”
42. The text suggests that the fears of the Antifederalists
regarding expansion of the power of the national government
have proved to be unfounded.
43. The Constitution clearly allocated power to the national
and state governments.
44. Sovereignty is
45. Hamilton’s view of the new government generally was
rejected by
46. The Framers were clear about how the federal system
was supposed to work.
47. Federal grants to the states began in the early 1900s.
48. Early in our Nation’s history, land grants were
employed to support the building of
49. The federal government shifted toward block grants
because local governments complained that
50. Congress has played a major part in preserving
federalism by
51. Freedom of speech is strongly protected under the
__________ Amendment.

4. 52. Pluralism asserts that political resources are
53. Hardly any policy becomes law without adjustments to
the needs of the states.
54. The New England town meeting is an example of
representative democracy.
55. A government is only legitimate if its citizens obey all
its laws.
56. The term that the Framers of the Constitution used to
describe our form of democracy was
57. In a parliamentary system, all power is invested in the
national
58. Adjusted for inflation, the size of the federal budget is
much smaller than it was in 1960.
59. All of the following are characteristics of most people
holding public office except
60. One notable feature of the constitution of the United
Kingdom is that it
61. A government whose decisions people will obey
because they think the government has the right to make
them is considered
62. The text suggests that decisions about public policy
usually
63. A government’s legitimacy is based on its
64. The United States is a(n)
65. James Madison was the chief architect of the
Constitution.
66. In a presidential system, the bureaucracy reports to the
president and Congress.
67. One notable feature of parliamentary government is
that
68. The goal of the American Revolution was
69. Double jeopardy is forbidden in the
70. The Constitution contained no bill of rights because,
among other things,
71. An ex post facto law makes an act a crime that was not

5. a crime at the time that is was committed.
72. A strong central government existed under the Articles
of Confederation.
73. All of the delegates from the State of __________ left
the Convention, with the exception of Alexander Hamilton.
74. The Articles of Confederation granted the federal
government the rights to levy taxes and regulate commerce.
75. The Framers of the Constitution intended to create a
76. The experience of Pennsylvania’s constitution
demonstrated that
77. According to Madison, it was best for the government
to be at some distance from the people because
78. The Philadelphia convention attracted a total of
__________ delegates.
79. The stated purpose for the delegates’ assembly in
Philadelphia in 1787 was to
80. Each state had one vote in Congress under the Articles
of Confederation.
81. The Constitutional Convention can be described as
82. The Framers of the Constitution believed that two types
of majorities were essential on important questions; they are
majorities of
83. George Washington was the presiding officer at the
Constitutional Convention.
84. In 1995 the Court appeared to reverse field, limiting the
power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce in a case
involving a ban on
85. Most nations do not have local units of government.
86. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled the most
controversial aspect of Obamacare withstood constitutional
scrutiny as a _________ as opposed to a “penalty.”
87. State officials complained because Obamacare required
that the states
88. For the Framers, federalism was a device to
89. Today, federal systems are found in

6. 90. Since the adoption of the Constitution, the most
persistent source of political conflict has been between
91. John C. Calhoun was the first to develop the theory of
nullification.
92. Congress began slowing the number of grants‐in‐aid
programs during the 1960s owing to the cost of the Vietnam
War.
93. The most controversial aspect of Obamacare was the
94. The term intergovernmental lobby refers to lobbying
activities by
95. President Clinton signed into law the Real ID Act, in
effect creating a national identity card.
96. In theory, block grants were supposed to give states and
cities considerable freedom in deciding how to spend money.
97. A federal republic derives its powers directly from
98. The states funded most of the interstate highway
program.
99. The Supreme Court, in McCulloch v. Maryland,
decided that
100. Distributional formulas have created
101. Democracies always feature presidential systems.
102. The authors suggest politics exists in
103. One notable feature of the constitution of the
United Kingdom is that it
104. In a parliamentary system, the prime minister is
chosen by the
105. Which of the following statements regarding
circumstances in the late 1700s is incorrect?
106. The chief executive in a parliamentary system is
usually called
107. In addition to the power of judicial review, courts
can wield influence by
108. The text notes that, in the mid‐ 1930s, the vast
majority of Americans
109. Hardly any policy becomes law without

7. adjustments to the needs of the states.
110. There is a sense of rivalry between the president
and Congress even when they are from the same party.
111. In a presidential system, the bureaucracy reports
to
112. The text suggests that politics is inevitable.
113. State and local governments play an important
role in American politics.
114. The Great Compromise allocated representation
on the basis of
115. Only one constitutional amendment has been
ratified in the conventions of three‐ fourths of the
states—the __________Amendment.
116. A strong central government existed under the
Articles of Confederation.
117. James Madison believed that government could
be kept in check by allowing the self‐ interest of one
person to check the self‐ interest of another.
118. According to Madison, it was best for the
government to be at some distance from the people
because
119. A conspicuous number of delegates at the
Constitutional Convention were
120. Whatever the merit of his work, Locke did not think
the will of the majority was relevant in matters related to
government.
121. The Virginia Plan called for
122. The Framers of the Constitution believed that two
types of majorities were essential on important
questions; they are majorities of
123. James Madison argued that
124. Two Treatises of Government argued that
__________ was a critical element in the formation of
government.
125. In drafting the Declaration, Jefferson originally

8. added an item that addressed the issue of __________
but Congress decided to drop it from the document.
126. Which of the following statements regarding the
signing of the Constitution is incorrect?
127. Habeas corpus cannot be suspended.
128. Which constitutional amendment took 202 years to
ratify?
129. Shays’s Rebellion was interpreted by political
leaders at the time as proving that
130. Most mandates concern civil rights and
environmental protection.
131. A federal republic derives its powers directly from
132. Most state and local officials welcomed the 1973
federal law that forbade discrimination against disabled
people in any program receiving federal aid.
133. Congress began slowing the number of grants‐
in‐ aid programs during the 1960s owing to the cost of
the Vietnam War.
134. The Constitution clearly allocated power to the
national and state governments.
135. It is not uncommon for the director of the census
to be roundly denounced by big‐ city mayors.
136. Although the central government has acquired
more power over the years, the states have managed
to maintain a large role in governing through
137. Most nations do not have local units of
government.
138. The doctrine of dual federalism grew out of a
debate on the subject of
139. Sovereignty is
140. The text suggests that the fears of the
Antifederalists regarding expansion of the power of the
national government have proved to be unfounded.
141. The Supreme Court, in McCulloch v. Maryland,
decided that

9. 142. The first federal grants to the states began
143. The Supreme Court case that established national
supremacy was
144. Federal laws requiring states and cities to take
certain actions whether or not they receive federal aid
are called
145. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled the most
controversial aspect of Obamacare withstood
constitutional scrutiny as a _________ as opposed to a
“penalty.”
146. Which of the following statements is incorrect?