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1. Linux Principles And
Philosophy
Produced by : Haya Al Jord

2. What is Linux ?
 Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like graphical user
interface (GUI) based computer operating systems.
 It is Multi-user.

4. Today’s Linux World
 Improvements in the kernel
 Improvements in support tools
 Creation of new support tools
 Creation of new distributions

6. Understanding Basic Open Source
Principles
 Commercial software
 Shareware software
 Freeware
 Open source software

8. Open source characteristics
 Better code
 More flexibility
 Lower cost
 Lack of vendor lock-in

10. Understanding OS Roles :
Understanding Embedded
Computers
 Cell phones
 e-book readers
 DVRs
 Car computers
 Appliances

12. Specific software that’s required on
most Linux-based desktop
computers includes:
 The X Window System GUI (X for short)
 A popular desktop environment, such as GNOME, KDE, Xfce, or Unity
 A Web browser, such as Mozilla Firefox
 An email client, such as Mozilla Thunderbird or Evolution
 A graphics editor, such as the GIMP
 An office suite, such as OpenOffice.org or the similar LibreOffice

14. Understanding Server
Computers
 Server computers can be almost identical to desktop computers in terms of
their hardware, although servers sometimes require bigger hard disks or
better network connections.
Examples include:
 Web servers, such as Apache
 Email servers, such as sendmail and Postfix
 Databases, such as MySQL
 I File servers, such as the Network File System (NFS) or Samba

16.  I Print servers, such as the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) or
 Samba
 Domain Name System (DNS) servers, such as the Berkeley Internet
 Name Domain (BIND)
 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers, such as the
 Internet Software Consortium’s (ISC’s) dhcpd
 Time servers, such as the Network Time Protocol (NTP)
 Remote login servers, such as Secure Shell (SSH) or Virtual Network
Computing (VNC)