Y376 International Political Economy, Lecture #12 Februrary 17, 2011

1. Y376 International Political Economy February 17, 2011

3. Religions: 90 percent Muslim, 10 percent Christian

4. GDP: $501 Billion

5. GDP growth: averaging 5% in the last decade

6. GDP per capita: $6,200

8. Oil Production and Consumption

9. Egyptian Leaders Since WW2 Gamal Abdel Nasser (1956-70) Anwar El Sadat (1970-81) Hosni Mubarak (1981-2011)

10. Egyptian Economic Policies Import Substitution and State-Led Industrialization under the Nasser regime Sadat regime adopts lower tariffs and some export promotion policies but continues Nasserist policies 1991 debt crisis leads to IMF structural adjustment agreement and adoption of further reforms Includes privatization of state enterprises Egypt receives debt relief and large infusions of foreign aid after participation in the Gulf War coalition