How Does Jean-Paul Sartre Use Social Norms In No Exit

How Does Jean-Paul Sartre Use Social Norms In No Exit
No Exit is a French satire play written by Jean–Paul Sartre in 1944. The play takes place in hell with
three unfortunate souls, Estelle, Inez, and Cradeau, as the main characters, with the only other
character being a boy who shows them to their room where they spend all of eternity. The three
characters accurately demonstrate the upper, middle, and lower classes of society. In society they are
used to behaving certain ways based on class, called social norms. These social norms are an
ideology, which is a belief system, created by society's cultural conditioning over a lifetime. Once
locked in a room with nothing but three chairs and a fireplace, the three characters are forced to live
without social norms. Without these monitored behaviors, their identities fade away exposing their
deep fears and thoughts. In the beginning of the play, Estelle, Inez, and Cradeau struggle to stick
with their social norms, and force one another to try to adhere to their own social norms they are
used to. One of the first instances of this is when Cradeau starts to take off his coat, as he was used
to doing while at the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cradeau, who used to mistreat his wife, was shot by deserting the war he was a collaborator for, and
Inez was killed by gas that her lover left on after she seduced another woman. Although Estelle
claims there has been a mistake since she died of pneumonia, she eventually confesses that she had
an affair and drowned her illegitimate baby. All that is left of them is their fears and desires. Cradeau
craves his masculinity by not wanting to be called a coward, which is a fear he had while living, and
did not overcome before he was killed. Estelle has an unstable sense of self, since she has always
felt alive when she could see herself as others saw her, without it she feels like she is not real. Inez is
the only one to assert her freedom and existence, despite being in
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Jean Paul Sartre and the Fundamental Project
Jean Paul Sartre and the Fundamental Project In this paper I am addressing Jean Paul Sartre premise
of the fundamental project. In my presentation I will first give a brief over view of Sartre's
existentialism. Next Sartre's a notions of the spontaneous and reflective phases of consciousness will
be my focus Upon discussing the reflective phase I will go into depth about the fundamental project,
and why it is pursued, and I will give examples from No Exit. I will conclude by making a brief
contrast and comparisson between Garcin, a character from No Exit, and myself. Of all the
philosophers we have studied in our forum, I find I am most intrigued by the opinions of Jean Paul
Sartre. Jean Paul Sartre is accredited with articulating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That is man is acknowledging his facticity, that he come from athe thing, but he knows that he is
more than just a thing. Because he comes to this logical conclusion he is acting in good faith; he is
not pursuing a fundamental project in an attempt to circumvent the possibility of angst (anguish).
The outcome of the path of good faith is that man manifests his freedom authentically and therefore
his freedom is real. Those who do not act clear headed, and fail to make a balance between facticity
and transcendence will inevitably fall into angst. Angst (German for anguish) is what is felt by those
who cannot accept that they come from the realm of the être en soi (realm of the being in it self) and
make attempts to deny there past. In an attempt to flee their past and the anguish that can
accompany it Sartre says some will pursue a fundamental project. This project entails attempting to
make ourselves a virtuoso or a God that is constrained by neither the realm of the être en soi nor the
realm of the être pour soi (realm of the being for itself). Sartre considers this "forsaking the whole
for the sake of the part" because society meaning to the fundamental pursuer is forgone to address
the fears of this individual. Sartre says to do this is to act in bad

Jean Paul Sartre
The author emphasizes "Jean–Paul Sartre proposes that ownership extends beyond objects to
include intangible things as well." (Jean–Paul Sartre). This quote states the fact of property, not
being only applied to an object but also to experiences, feelings, and talents which are things many
people overlook. Many people believe ownership is something only applied to the amount cars or
money that one has in their bank account, but this only shows the immense emptiness that they have
in their lives. And the only way for them to be happy is by filling it up with the only object that only
makes it deeper.Today's society believes that ownership is not based on the amount of tangible
goods one has but the experiences they have lived. Ownership can not only be based on materialistic
things but also experiences of a lifetime. When people speak of ownership the first thing to mind is
an object such as a car, house, phone, clothes, or toy; but ownership is not only objects but also an
experience of a lifetime. for example having a fear of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through time many wealthy and influential individuals have had the idea that by having an
immense amount of money is the way of being happy but this is not true. The author emphasizes
"When people lack jobs, opportunity, and ownership of property they have little or no stake in their
communities" (Jack Kemp). This quote tries to explain the fact the those who are materialistic suffer
when all their riches and power are taken away do not stand a chance in a normal community.
Mainly because they have only learned to love objects and never really love anything else because
of the lack of people in their lives. Which leaves the question how can we avoid becoming so selfish
and cold hearted when in today's society that is all there is? By treasuring what we have now as if it
were to be taken away from us

Jean Paul Sartre 's Being And Nothingness
The existentialist philosophy has one governing ideal: we are not born anything, in fact all that we
are is the pure results of our choices. These choices, are constructed from our own resources as well
as those that are given to us when we came into existence by society. We do not only create our
values, we create ourselves. Simone De Beauvoir, for instance, creates a limit to this existential idea
of self–creation, qualifying absolute liberty – an idea that is recurring in Jean–Paul Sartre's Being
and Nothingness. In opposition to this, de Beauvoir presents an ambiguous image of human liberty,
in which women fight against the apparent inconveniences of the female figure. In The Second Sex,
her most famous chef–d'oeuvre, de Beauvoir sketches an existential story of a woman's life. A story
revolving around the ways in which the female attitude towards her body and her corporal functions
change throughout the years as well as the ways in which society influences her viewpoints. "One is
not born, but becomes, a woman" is one of De Beauvoir's most famous and revolutionary quotes. It
focuses on the process in which both society and a woman's personal identity defines her as a
'woman', in essence. In fact, De Beauvoir's studies reveal that the woman body is presented in both a
positive and a negative spectrum. The woman can be both oppressed, as well as free. She argues
continuously on the ambiguity of women as their bodies can be both used as a vehicle for freedom
and one for

The Themes Of Hell In No Exit By Jean Paul Sartre
No Exit, a play by Jean Paul Sartre, discusses many themes about the human psyche. These themes
are demonstrated by Sartre's ability to develop characters and allow his characters interact with each
other. Some of the main themes in No Exit are the concepts that hell can mean facing your own
defects, whether people have free will, and the concept of "bad faith". These concepts are exhibited
through each of the character's backgrounds and the relationships developed among the characters
throughout the play.
The most impressive part about the concept of hell being other people is that each one is a horrible
person in his or her own right and cannot stand each other for being just as horrible. This concept is
realized by the characters relatively early in the play when Garcin and Inez first meet and decidedly
hate each other for their own reasons and decide silence is the best option for them. This silence is
broken once Estelle is introduced and the trio cannot stop bickering with each other. Garcin still
playing his gentlemanly role proclaims, "So the solution's easy enough; each of us stays put in his or
her corner and takes no notice of the others." (Sartre 11). Jackson presents the concept that reflective
consciousness which delves into other people is hell (6). This explains how they all realize that they
were sentenced to spend an eternity together based on the fact that they are all horrible reflections of
each other. All of the characters form a sort of circle

No Exit By Jean Paul Sartre
The play No Exit, by Jean–Paul Sartre, is about three people that die and go to hell. Joseph Garcin, a
journalist executed by a firing squad for trying to desert during a war; Inez Serrano, a post–office
clerk murdered by her lover which left a gas stove on while she slept; and Estelle Rigault, a woman
who married an older rich man and died due to pneumonia. They all expected physical torture in
hell. However, all they found was a plain room with some furniture that always had the light on, no
windows, no beds, and nothing that would reflect or work as a mirror. The three of them were
trapped inside the room. After discussing among themselves, they confessed their crimes and
deduced that the torture was psychological. They also realized that they had been placed together so
that each of them was to become the torturer of the other two. Each character began to ask things
from the others to fulfill a need they all had, which only led them to more despair. Due to this,
Garcin concluded that "hell is other people" (pag26). A. Petrusso argues in his article "No Exit" that
the three main characters of the play have in common a display of cowardice. Certainly, all of them
seem to be cowards at some moment and one character exhibits it more than the others. He also
argues that certain actions and behaviors are merely the cowardice of the character when in fact, it
rather seems more like fear. The examples and arguments used by Petrusso seem to simply catalog
the main characters as

Jean-Paul Sartre And Bad Faith : A Second Concept Of...
A second concept of existentialism is Bad Faith. French existentialist Jean–Paul Sartre believed that
Bad Faith is the fundamental issue that prevents individuals from living an authentic life. He
focused on the concept of radical freedom, in which the individual always has a choice. Since life
itself and the universe is absurd, humans are completely responsible for creating their own destiny.
Every action performed by the individual ultimately stems from the innate freedom they possess.
Sartre looks at the darker aspects of freedom, and notes how "Man is condemned to be free" (Löwith
123). He is suggesting that individuals are thrown into a meaningless world, where he or she is
forced to decide for him or herself. As rational beings, humans seek answers and guidelines for how
to live, because they do not want to decide for themselves. Because, deciding for oneself means
holding oneself responsible for every action performed. The thought of complete and utter
responsibility frightens people and influences their decisions to commit acts of bad faith. Living in
bad faith is similar to a life of self–deception. Sartre believed people, under the pressures of social
forces, adopt mannerisms or values associated with functions, like their job and use it to deny their
radical freedom. They mold themselves into objects and allow themselves to fall victim to greater
forces of society. In Sartre's Being and Nothingness, he writes of a waiter who convinces himself
that he is nothing

Jean Paul Sartre on the Anti Semite Essay
Jean Paul Sartre on the Anti Semite Describe the anti–semitic person's attitude toward reason. How
does his attitude toward reason reflect or reveal his general attitude toward life, the human condition
and even himself? How does his attitude toward reason compare to the attitude of the rational man?
Sartre explains that an Anti–Semite is "impenetrable", and it is actually something he strives to
achieve. By gaining impenetrability, the Anti–Semite strengthens his beliefs because another person
is not capable of reasoning with him. Sartre believes the Anti–Semite's "reason" is based on the
passion for hatred that he holds for the Jew. Sartre uses the word "monoideism" to explain the
irrational Anti–Semite's passion ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rational man is open to all ideas; he strives to gain more factual information to back his views.
However, the Anti–Semite remains closed–minded and chooses to be ignorant to the fact that his
beliefs are not valid. The rational man seeks information, and does not feel content until his quest
for knowledge is over. The rational man is even "hesitant" when he states his ideas, or comes to
conclusions. He realizes that there are other views on every subject, and he wants to contemplate
over every possible idea that he is able to think of until he reaches his own. The "reasonable man"
will even admit when he is proven wrong, and change his view. The Anti–Semite wishes not to
change, and claims, even when proven wrong, that his beliefs are still of a valid and true nature.
Sartre believes the actual content of truth frightens the Anti–Semite. The idea of there being other
views is ignored by the Anti–Semite. He chooses to remain "innate". They want to come to a
conclusion right away, and consider only the factors that benefit him. Sartre blames the Anti–
Semites ability to ignore reasoning and research on "emotional bias". Through this emotional bias,
he feels at ease because he is in a state of bliss; he feels as though he knows all he needs to know
about life. In conclusion, the Anti–Semite disregards any other ideas besides his own, and those of
his

John Locke, Paul Sartre, And Georg L. Hegel
Shainna Hayes
PHL 492
Final Paper
April 14, 2015
The subject of essence is not something that the average person thinks about everyday, or ever in
their life. There are several varying arguments over essence including arguments from John Locke,
Jean–Paul Sartre, and Georg W. F. Hegel. Two of these men argue that essence is something that we
gain later in life once we have made the choice of who we want to be. The third argues that we all
have the same essence from the time we are born. The arguments of these three philosophers will
become very important in answering the question: Is it true or plausible that we humans have no
essence until we choose to have an essence? Jean–Paul Sartre and Georg W. F. Hegel will support
the affirmative ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One cannot know that a person will be kind and compassionate before they have done an act to
show this to be true. Another important word that will be referred to often in this paper is being,
which is defined simply as "existence." Being may seem really simple but everything has to have
basic characteristics to exist in the form that it has come to take.
In class we discussed Jean–Paul Sartre's argument that under the terms of atheist existentialism it is
plausible humans are "a being in whom existence precedes essence, a being which exists before
being defined by any concept" (Sartre 1). Sartre is often remembered to have said that humans are
condemned to be free. This means that they cannot hide behind excuses or blame their actions on
anything but themselves, not even human nature (Sartre 2). However, this also means that humans
are free to define themselves through their own choices and cannot be predefined by human nature
since, according to Sartre, existence precedes essence. Sartre argues that people are inherently free,
whether they like it or not. They are free to make their own decisions and define themselves with
their personal actions and values. If Sartre is right, it has to be plausible that existence precedes
essence or else humans would not have the freedom to create their own nature, they would be
defined from the moment they came to be meaning they are not actually free. In the Phaedrus
Socrates argues that no one knows what is

Jean Paul Sartre Didacticity
Jean–Paul Sartre believes bad faith occurs when: (1) one refuses to admit the existence of one's
freedom to choose and; (2) one refuses to admit the truth of some aspect of one's facticity. Facticity,
in this context, refers to the idea that there are some aspects of ourselves that we cannot change but
it can be used to shape and create our own version of ourselves. To deny one's facticity means one
has decided to construct an interpretation to believe that this certain factor is not a part of oneself. In
order words, it is lying to oneself about who one really is. This man, as described in page 107, is an
example of it because he refuses to acknowledge that he is a homosexual, even with all the evidence
in which "he refuses to draw from them the conclusion which they impose" (Sartre 107). His denial
would only be correct if "human reality can not be finally defined by patterns of conduct" (p. 108).
In actuality, his pattern of conduct is "defined as the conduct of a pederast" but he deceives himself
about this truth because he wants put himself ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was stated that "Sartre analyzes this waiter as giving in to a societal demand fro someone
occupied in a trade to be nothing other than someone who has a certain occupation" (Guignon and
Pereboom 269). I can see how someone can argue that this is very much true because customers do
not realize that they see workers merely as a means or an object. Sartre describes this as a demand
from society to which a worker must "limit himself to his function as..." whatever his job is (p. 269).
I previously worked at AT&T and I can definitely relate to the idea that I am not, in fact, AT&T. I
am "someone whose choices for future possibilities are open to [her]; [she] is not a thing that is
restricted to certain functions, the way an inkwell is" (p. 269). I am playing the role of a
representative, just like how the waiter is playing his role as a waiter in the

No Exit By Jean-Paul Sartre And Oedipus Rex
Symphony of Life Every person, no matter the age or gender is, and will always be, worried about
its destiny. Destiny, or fate, how most people tend to call it, represents the ultimate step in the road
of an individual, the last stage of the play of every living thing. Something so common in the life of
a person and yet, all people want to know its meaning. Along fate, there has always been the other
subject, the one which describes how we get there, the choices, the true faith. It is what most people
call free will or, the ability to make our own decisions with the hope of one day achieving a greater
goal, to show our true faith. Throughout the course, we have sailed through different stories. Some
more interesting than others but, something always remained the same. The struggle between fate
and free will. This relationship has always been a mystery and to understand it we will take a look at
how those two perceptions play a role in the stories No Exit, from Jean–Paul Sartre and Oedipus
Rex, from Sophocles. No Exit is a play about three people that enter in a room where each and every
one of them has a motive to be there for. It is a hell for them due to the tragedies they committed
while they were alive. In order to put it simply, we will only use one character from this play to
travel deep into the relationship between fate and free will. Joseph Garcin, is the first of the three
people who arrive at the room. Once alive he had a normal life, he had a job, a wife, etc.

Jean Paul Sartre : Philosophy And The Existence Of God
Jean–Paul Sartre was an influential 20th century existentialist who mostly acquired information on
the study of consciousness and the study of being. Sartre spent many years studying philosophy and
the existence of God mostly studying the works of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. He
became a Professor of Philosophy at Le Havre in 1931 and then began teaching at Lycée Pasteur in
Paris from 1937 to 1939. During his career, Sartre wrote about many philosophical theories, some
notable books include La nausée published in 1938, Being and Nothingness published in 1943, and
many more lectures and literature for individuals to read for years to come. Sartre was an important
figure of existentialism and was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1964 but turned it down. Some of Jean–
Paul Sartre's existentialist principles are the act of free will, forced to take responsibility for all
actions, and the existence of God.
Jean–Paul Sartre was a renowned intellectual, writer and philosopher. He was born in Paris in 1905
the only child of a French Navy officer, Jean–Baptiste Sartre and Anne–Marie Schweitzer. At an
early age his father died of a fever and shortly thereafter his mother moved in with her parents in
Meudon, this was instrumental in Sartre's journey to philosophy. Her father taught her son
mathematics and classical literature. At the young age of twelve Sartre's mother remarried and the
family moved to La Rochelle where he was bullied by other children from the area. As a teenager in

Jean Paul Sartre : The Philosophy Of Existentialism
Jean Paul Sartre is a philosopher that supports the philosophy of existentialism. Existentialism is a
twentieth century philosophy that denies any crucial human nature and embraces that each of us
produces our own essence through our free actions. Existentialists like Sartre believe there isn't a
God that determines people's nature. So, existentialists believe that humans have no purpose or
nature except the ones that they create for themselves. We are free and responsible for what we are
and our engagements; even though we are mindful that this can cause agony.
Sartre is one of the constructors of the philosophy of existence that is existentialism. Humans must
first be born and exist before they are able to define their essence. He ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are always options and different paths to take in life; it is just a matter of what one is chosen
by you to take. I don't believe that there is a universal human nature that is shared by all humans in
the universe. Every person is different based upon the events that occur in their lives and no
everyone can experience the same things and take away the same responsibilities. The actions
people take are based off of how they choose to create meaning is what makes them the kind of
person they are. Even if put in a challenging situation people still are responsible for the decisions
made. If you have to choose between things you still are able to choose which makes you
responsible. The person you become is not everything that has happened to you, but it is everything
that has happened and how you choose to act on it.
There are many objections to Sartre's ideas that we are completely free. The question of if our
environment, our bodies, and what we are capable of is already determined then how are we
completely free? What is freedom is there are already determined? Even though these things in our
lives may already be determined, we are more than these things because we create who we are based
off of what we make of ourselves. We find ourselves and who we are by experiences, which make us
our own individual. Even though some things are already determined for us, we can do with them,
as we like. We are free to make of ourselves whatever we would like, they

Existentialism In Jean-Paul Sartre
Many people use the guidelines that society teaches them to organize themselves; justifying their
beliefs and actions and giving their lives purpose. Whether it is religion, a constitution, state law, or
personal belief, everyone relies on something. But what if society couldn't use these crutches, these
templates, these rules to give meaning to our lives? What if one couldn't bring themselves to believe
in these paradigms? What if they find inconstitiouses in all of these philosophies? What can society
believe in then? Is all of life a sham? Are all of our thoughts, hopes, dreams and beliefs
meaningless? Existentialism is the philosophy which answers these questions, and it is what Jean–
Paul Sartre explores in his three plays: No Exit, The Respectful Prostitute and The Flies.
Existentialism is a philosophy started in the 20th century, which playwright Jean–Paul Sartre let
greatly influence his work, bringing existentialism to the educated world. This philosophy helps to
guide society through the uncertainties in life. A concept that fills in the gaps between the meaning
of one thing and the meaninglessness of another. Putting emphasis on the individual instead of
society as a whole. We spend our lives striving towards a purpose in the world that we will never be
able to achieve, as meaning is determined by the individual. Each person must wield their personal
freedom to decide for themselves what is right or wrong, without the influence of society or religion.

Jean Paul Sartre Research Paper
Jean–Paul Sartre: Conscience to the World
At the time of his death on the fifteenth of April, 1980, at the age of seventy–four, Jean–Paul Sartre's
greatest literary and philosophical works were twenty–five years in the past. Although the small man
existed in the popular mind as the politically inconsistent champion of unpopular causes and had
spent the last seven years of his life in relative stagnation, his influence was still great enough to
draw a crowd of over fifty thousand people – admirers or otherwise – for his funeral procession.
Sartre was eminently quotable, a favorite in the press, because his statements were always
controversial. He was the leader of the shortly popular Existential movement in philosophy which
turned ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He learned to read at age four and was soon reading voraciously books in French and German,
including the Encyclopedia and such authors as Voltaire, Hugo, and Flaubert (about whom he would
write an enormous biography late in life). Though he couldn't understand the meaning behind these
works, the young Sartre felt his place was in words, and began to write his own, usually adventure
stories with himself cast as the hero, diary entries, and letters in verse to his delighted and proud
grandfather. [Madsen, 29–32]
While Karl Schweitzer was turning his grandson into an adult, he was turning his daughter back into
a child. She had been little educated in her youth and her father believed that she could not handle
herself as an adult. The two were raised, in effect, as brother and sister. Anne–Marie loved Jean–
Paul as a son, but she had no control over his doings, and often fought over his upbringing with
Karl. She did not want to see her son turned into an adult at so young an age, and so she smuggled
comic books and children's novels to him. These interactions between mother and grandfather, the
constant struggle for little Poulou's attention and affection built up his ego and gave him an
enormous self–confidence that supported him throughout life. [Gerassi, 46–8].
Relation to Gardner's Model
All of Gardner's

Essay on Jean Paul Sartres Writing
Jean Paul Sartre's Philosophical Writing
Jean Paul Sartre personally believed in the philosophical idea of existentialism, which is
demonstrated in his play No Exit. His ideas of existentialism were profoundly outlined in the play.
Based on the idea that mental torture is more agonizing than physical, No Exit leaves the reader with
mixed emotions towards the importance of consequences for one's acts.
Set in Hell, the vision of the underworld is nothing the characters imagined as they are escorted to a
Second Empire styled hotel. This is all ironic, in the fact that Sartre never believed in perdition. He
uses this fictitious place to persuade his audience. Hell is used as a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Sartre used this situation to prove that one's consequences are not inevitable. We make our own
design in our life, and we have freedom of choice and responsibility for the outcome of one's acts.
By putting these people in a hostile environment, Sartre relates his idea of existentialism.
Not only did these people die due to their malignant choices, but also they afflicted evil on other
people. What is happening to them is what happened to the people that they killed. They are
becoming the people of their pasts. Their weaknesses begin to show through, yet they can't confide
in one another. Instead they challenge each other, taking a stab at any hope of existence that they
get.
At the end of the play, Sartre finds that there is no need for physical torture. If these people can
cause that much pain on Earth, than evil must just come from them naturally. The only thing that
Garcin needs to satisfy him is the proof of his existence. He needs someone to tell him that he's not a
coward., and that is the one thing that Estelle and Inez won't give do. Garcin's last words, "lets get
on with it," leave a sarcastic tone over the whole play. There is definitely uniqueness and isolation in
each individual. The laugh that they shared about their future in purgatory at the end enlightened the
meaning of the play. We should make note that people are entirely free and

The Allegory Of The Cave By Jean Paul Sartre
Jean Paul Sartre's wrote about Existentialism and human emotions, in his book Existentialism. It
was fascinating to read a piece that questions your faith in God and the way you are living your life.
Sartre wrote that he does not believe in human nature or essence that precedes individuals. He rather
believes that our existence precedes our essence; we must create our own essence. Nothing, not God
nor evolution, created us for any purpose other than the purpose we choose which means we have
free will. Sartre knows that we are biological beings but that there is no general truths about what
we should or ought to be. Humans are radically free because we have nothing that is truly stopping
us from giving an action or idea. In his words, we are "condemned to be free." Consciousness is also
aware that it is not the objects it ponders, that many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Existentialism is not gloomy because people find that humans who follow a god that gives them
rules, are not free. Religious people try to see the optimist part of it rather than the pessimist because
they want to comfort themselves. The Allegory of the Cave because the allegory makes you question
what we know and learn now things from it. This would relate to Sartre's belief that we must create
our own essence because to create a belief or soul, we must use the knowledge of what we already
know. The Socratic Method is also important because it encourages people to challenge common–
sense beliefs and develop chear definitions. Though, perhaps if we cannot find definitions, knowing
what something is not brings us closer to understanding. Existentialism discards how everyday
people follow each other, existentialism relates to the Socratic Method because it is going against
how everyone perceives their life and creates their own belief in what their individual life is

In No Exit, a play written by philosopher and existentialist Jean–Paul Sartre, three characters are
placed in a small room assumed to be hell with minimal furniture, space, and points of interest. The
two women and one man are forced to face their own as well as the others' sins and true natures,
exposing each other in a raw truth. In many of his works, Sartre attempts to get important messages
across that coincide with his philosophies. A piece that is easy to use to compare with the play is the
essay The Humanism in Existentialism, as everything written in it are his own thoughts and
commentary on life, how it should be lived, humanity, and how humans relate to each other and the
world around them. That being said, he purposely writes No Exit in a way that blatantly disregards
some of his main points. More specifically, through his writing of the characters in the play, Sartre
very clearly demonstrates his contempt for and low standards of humanity by portraying each
individual as having unique aspects of his negativity. One character in the play is named Estelle
Rigault. She lived a life full of sin, including adultery and murder, before she died of pneumonia and
was sent to hell. Estelle, though married to an older man, had an affair with another named Roger,
which resulted in a baby. While on a trip with her lover, she dropped the baby over a balcony into a
lake and drowned it. When asked about the baby, Estelle says, "'It pleased him to no end, having a
daughter. It

Hsün Tzu and Jean-Paul Sartre Comparison of two Philosophers
Fraud, murder, courage, and strong will are all words that can be linked to humanity. These words
will often raise questions like, who did it, how they did it, or why. Can it be that the true answer to
these questions lies in getting a better understanding of our human nature? Does man act according
to his divine plan, or is he taught how to act? In analyzing the works of Hsün Tzu and Jean–Paul
Sartre, I will determine which of these two philosophers offers the strongest foundation for living an
ethical life in the modern era.
HSÜN TZU
Hsün Tzu is one of the main founders of eastern philosophy and is considered one of the three great
sages in China along with Mencius and Confucious. Tzu's style of writing is poetic and easy to ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tzu argues that the sages created laws to correct man's evil nature like those previously mentioned,
and therefore the sages are valued and needed. According to Tzu man does not suffer any kind of
anguish or pain from doing evil acts, in doing them they just fulfill their needs and feel pleasure.
On the other hand, Sartre believes that man, "always chooses the good, and nothing can be good for
us without being good for all" (145) otherwise, man suffers "anguish from direct responsibility to
the other men to whom it involves" (146) choosing the opposite is like choosing evil. Therefore,
man teaches himself to do good because his choices are equal to those choices acceptable for all
mankind.
I agree with Tzu, that people who have not learned the value of caring for others first without
receiving any prize in return for their good actions could not feel any remorse in being selfish since
that is all that they know. Like Neanderthals, it takes many years to evolve and many more years for
learning to happen so that man may be able to act civilized. However, once one has learned to do
good it depends on every man to continue to practice the teachings he has acquired and also to keep
learning more than necessary to grow.
Comparisons that they make using the word Artisan are also employed differently. Tzu uses the
example of the potter and his clay, which the artisan turns to a vessel. Tzu states that, "the vessel
then, is the

Fate And Free Will In Oedipus Tyrannus And Jean-Paul Sartre
From philosophers to religious scholars, from thinkers to the everyman, the nature of the will of man
has been a subject of reflection for millennia. More specifically, mankind has wondered if a life is
solely under the control of the individual, or is it controlled or manipulated by an exterior force.
Many have explored this topic, and have considered its countless implications. Unsurprisingly, this
debate of fate versus free–will has been a subject of many works of literature. Two compelling
examples of literature that explore this theme are Sophocles' tragedy Oedipus Tyrannus and Jean–
Paul Sartre's one act play No Exit. Despite being written centuries apart, these two writers examine
the subject in an interesting manner, such that they both cause the audience to consider both sides of
the debate, and furthermore consider how their actions affect their everyday lives.
In the first place, it must be acknowledged that the setting of these two works of literature plays a
significant role in developing the theme of man's will against fate. Yes, Oedipus Tyrannus takes
place in Thebes, but the most overlooked and obvious point is that the events of the narrative take
place on Earth. As opposed to No Exit, which is set in Hell. This contrast of settings is crucial, as
Sartre implies that on Earth man has complete control of his actions and therefore a semblance of
free will; while in Hell, man has no control of his life or actions, because everything is preset for his
eternal

John Paul Sartre Existentialism
Yesterday, I enrolled for class. Now this decision was definite as I couldn't go back and not enrol.
However, the actual action of me actually attending was completely my choice; a conscious
decision. Although it was compulsory to attend, nothing given could determine the outcome. John
Paul Sartre an eminent existentialist, would argue that just because I made a commitment didn't
necessarily mean I needed to follow through with it. Enrolling was part of the facticity of the in–
itself. I had only made the decision, I had to follow through with an action. Sartre would contend
that by forcing myself to attend if I didn't want to would be trying to escape from my freedom.
Sartre, stated that the basic principle of existentialism was existence precedes essence for human
beings. In his essay, Existentialism is Humanism, Sartre attempts to answer the accusations.
Essentially, he rejects the notion of any innate human nature; implying that because our essence
comes to be after our existence, we are free to choose and live our lives accordingly. This essay will
discuss Sartre's explanation of the expression and the related implications.
Sartre was the prominent philosopher of the existentialism movement. As an atheist, Sartre
supported against the existence of God, and argued that for pre–determined human essence to exist,
a designer must exist. Whereas, medieval philosophers like Plato, believed in the existence of God
and that we had an essence before existing. Sartre rejects

Jean Paul Sartre No Exit Essay
No Exit The philosopher Jean–Paul Sartre develops the philosophy of existentialism. In his famous
philosophical drama No Exit, he expounds his theory of existentialism. From his point of view,
existentialism stresses that people are responsible for the consequences of their choices; therefore,
the characters in the play are tortured by each other over their weakness. Garcin suffers the torment
because he chooses to be a coward. Garcin is executed as a deserter; he attempts to flee his country
during wartime. Although he claims arbitrarily that he is killed distressingly because he is a pacifist
against the war, Inez knows that he is making an excuse for himself; she knows that he is just too
much of a coward to admit to his crimes. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Estelle not only has an affair but also drowns her illegitimate baby. But Estelle persists in saying that
she just dies of pneumonia but not dies from her crimes; she claims that she does not belong to hell.
However, Garcin and Inez get to know about her character, and she finally confesses to her crimes.
"GARCIN: Go away. You're even fouler than she. I won't let myself get bogged in your eyes. You're
soft and slimy.Ugh! [Bangs on the door again.] Like an octopus. Like a quagmire" (Sartre 41)
Garcin finds Estelle foul when she refuses Inez's seduction then courts him. He holds off her. Estelle
gets irritated and blames on Inez. "ESTELLE:Right! In that case, I'll stop her watching. [She picks
up the paper–knife from the table, rushes at INEZ and stabs her several times.]" (Sartre 45) Estelle is
overwhelmed by her anger. She tries to kill Inez to get rid of her, totally forgetting that they are
already dead. Her false step makes Garcin and Inez disgust her much more. But she cannot blame on
anyone because she brings this to herself by her

Existentialism And Human Emotions By Jean Paul Sartre
Jean–Paul Sartre 's novel Existentialism and Human Emotions discusses his philosophy that man is
responsible for what he is and what he does; that man chooses his values and makes himself. At the
beginning of the book, Sartre defends existentialism against several charges that had been laid
against it. Throughout the book, Sartre refers to the basis of existentialism using the phrase
'existence precedes essence '. With this, phrase lies the basis for the argument that Existentialism is a
Humanism. In this essay, I shall attempt to explore and evaluate Sartre 's argument that
"existentialism is a humanism" by unpacking what is meant by 'existence precedes essence '. I will
argue that although the overall argument tends to be a good one, there are several points which
could have been improved upon. In order to understand how it is that existentialism is a humanism,
it is first necessary to understand what both of these terms mean. Humanism is generally referred to
as a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, both
individually and collectively, placing a higher value on reason, scientific inquiry and human
fulfillment while often rejecting the importance of a belief in a higher power or deity.
Existentialism, according to Sartre, is "a doctrine which makes human life possible and, in addition,
declares that every truth and every action implies a human setting and subjectivity" (Sartre, 10).
Another way of putting it

Jean Paul Sartre´s Existential Philosophy Essay
Jean Paul Sartre's Existential philosophy posits that is in man, and in man alone, that existence
precedes essence. Simply put, Sartre means that man is first, and only subsequently to his "isness"
does he become this or that. The implication in Sartre's philosophy is that man must create his own
essence: it is in being thrown into the world through consciounsess intent, loving, struggling,
experiencing and being in the world that man is alllowed to define itself. Yet, the definition always
remains open ended: we cannot say that a human is definitively this or that before its death and
indeed, it is the ultimate nothingness of death that being is defined. The concepts that Sartre
examines in Being and Nothingness exist as part of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is no pre–programmed destiny, no inherent meaning in our lives. Instead, meaning arises from
the individual's impetus to will freely, to do what we choose in any given moment, and to then
reflect upon those choices and the ways in which they alter reality and the lives of others. Being and
Nothingness defines every individual as just that: a lone individual. The nature of our being is truly
isolated from the nature of other beings and the world around us – while our actions and essence
contain an implicit interconnectedness with the world, while meaning can only come from the
existence of external phenomena, our true self is like an island surrounded by impenetrable
nothingness – pregnant with the potential for possibility, but always empty in–itself.
There is no universal essence that can define every being, there is no divinely–inspired archetype for
the human to aspire to (called the adam–kadmon in Hebrew mysticism), as the existence of such a
blue–print for our essence would preclude freedom and bind us to an average, everyday
homogeneity. Considerations of freedom and choice are the crux of existential philosophy, and being
that Sartre is one of the primary philosophers of Existentialism, he examines both concepts with a
critical eye in Being and Nothingness. Sartre states plainly that authentic choices are wholey and
fully undetermined; if we choose and decide based merely upon the edicts of a religious code or
some sort of secular ethical

Jean Paul Sartre : Existentialism Philosophy
Jean Paul Sartre Existentialism Philosophy
Jean Paul Sartre is considered the father of Existentialist philosophy. Following the Second World
War, Jean Paul's writings set the tone for an intellectual life. Sartre was born in Paris and he spent
most of his life there. Having attended various prestigious Parisian schools with traditional
philosophical education, he was introduced to the history of Western philosophy with a bias toward
Cartesianism and neo Kantianism.
As soon as the World War ended, Sartre became a solemn reader of Hegel and Marx and just like the
majority of his generation. Much like them he came under the influence of Kojeve 's Marxist and
protoexistentialist interpretation of Hegel, though he never attended any of the famous lectures in
the 1930's as did Lacan and Merleau–Ponty. Jean Hyppolite come out with translations and
annotations of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, which manifested Sartre's keener study of the
influential German philosopher. Sartre's "Marxism" remained descriptive to his existentialism and
definitely not the contrary (Existentialism Is a Humanism).
Sartre's early work is evaluated by a phenomenological state. This is because Sartre used his own
interpretation of Husserl's method through a unique form of analysis and international eidetic. The
moral sense by which this is assigned gives meaning to the objects that are analyzed. That is what is
sought in the particular examples though examinations and essential structure (Internet

The Backbone Of The Characters Of Jean Paul Sartre 's No Exit
The backbone of the characters in Jean–Paul Sartre's No Exit consists of the concept of bad faith and
subjection. Bad faith is essentially self–deception. Sartre views existentialism as being completely
free and responsible at the same time. When one realizes his freedom, he becomes scared of his
power. By deceiving oneself into thinking one is not completely free, one delves into bad faith. It
can range from religion to sex to morality. Subjection is apparent as well. The play depicts three
characters,Garcin, Inez, and Estelle, who have all been sent to Hell because of their crimes on the
Earth. They all struggle to deal with themselves and each other in Hell. These characters are all
victims of bad faith and overreliance on others for self validation. In the first place, Garcin is a
victim of bad faith in many circumstances. Garcin treats his wife poorly, although that is not what
makes him succumb to bad faith; it is the reasons for his treatment towards his wife. He specifically
explains that it was easy to abuse his wife because of her martyred look. He calls her a "victim by
vocation" (Sartre 14). He gives his wife the role of a martyr and, in his eyes, that is all she is.
Confining people to a role is practicing bad faith, whether it is defining others or oneself. By giving
his wife a title, Garcin is turning her into an object rather than acknowledge her as a person. He is
tricking himself into thinking his wife is an object, an act of self–deception. In the same

Jean-Paul Sartre Essay
Jean–Paul Sartre
Jean–Paul Sartre was an existentialist philosopher. The questions of his philosophy often come out
in his readings. Existentialism questions why we exist.
Existentialists deny the existence of God. Existentialist writers such as Kafka and
Sartre often use prisons and solitary confinement to tell their stories. Often, neither the reader nor
the protagonist is aware of what crime has been committed.
Jean–Paul Sartre's "The Wall" reflects his philosophy and personal experiences.
He worked for the French resistance and was imprisoned by the Germans during
WWII. The story takes place during the Spanish Civil War in an old hospital being used by the
Spanish Fascist's to house prisoners. "The Wall" is told from a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The terror increases as they wait for dawn and the firing squad and Pablo begins to question what
happens after death. "I thought of bullets, I imagined their burning hail through my body. All that
was beside the real question; but I was calm: we had all night to understand" (14). Pablo is denying
his own fear. Existentialists do not believe in a Supreme Being, so what is there to be afraid of? But
his continual denial of the feeling of terror demonstrates he does have some fears, "I felt myself
crushed under an enormous weight. It was not the thought of death, or fear; it was nameless. My
cheeks burned and my head ached"
(15). Eventually, Pablo recognizes his terror, when he realizes, in spit of it being quite cold, he is
sweating profusely. The doctor who is sent to observe them is chilled and it is the doctors stare that
causes Pablo to think of how terrified he actually is,
I saw my shirt was damp and sticking to my skin. I had been dripping for an hour and hadn't felt it.
But that swine of a Belgian hadn't missed a thing; he had seen the drops rolling down my cheeks and
thought: this is the manifestation of terror; and he had felt normal and proud of being alive because
he was cold. (17)
His terror manifests when he notices his trousers and buttocks are soaked and he wonders if he
pissed his pants like Tom. The terror Pablo and Tom try to question

No Exit, By Jean Paul Sartre
Over the years the concept of an afterlife has been perpetually questioned by many authors and
philosophers including the French playwright, Jean–Paul Sartre. Sartre questions the known layout
of hell and instead offers a new idea of people, in fact, being each other's hell. He creates a fictional
story about terrible people who must spend the entirety of their afterlives suffering with each other.
In, "No Exit," a play written by Jean–Paul Sartre, the act of self reflection and it's consequences are
shown through the egocentric characterization of main protagonists Garcin, Estelle, and Inez and the
seemingly bland setting. Joseph Garcin is an middle aged gentleman who worked as a writer for a
newspaper in his life and is the first character introduced in the play. He is shown as a masculine
character who is very sure of himself but the audience quickly learns that this is false and that he
actually is very cowardice and needs the approval of others. In the play he becomes obsessed with
Inez's opinion of him and he cries desperately begging, "So, Inez, we 're alone. Only you two remain
to give a thought to me. She– she doesn 't count. It 's you who matter; you who hate me. If you 'll
have faith in me I 'm saved." (Sartre 44). This quote shows just how much of a coward Garcin really
is and that his personal hell is other people thinking of him badly. This constant need of approval is
what put Garcin where he is in the play and ultimately lead to his eternal torture. Judith

No Exit is that the Setting of Hell by Jean-Paul Sartre
Hell, although we will most likely never actually know anything about it for sure, has always
seemed to be brought up in the media, talked about on television, and depicted in different ways and
through all of the different types of media there are around the world. For example, one version of
Hell as described in Jean–Paul Sartre's play No Exit is that the setting of Hell is a mostly empty
room in which three people are selected to stay for eternity (Sartre). Whether they were selected by
chance or at random, nobody can tell for sure (Northern). The characters, Garcin, Inez, and Estelle
try to figure out why they were all placed together, but will never know even though they have an
eternity together to figure it out (Sartre). The thought that this setting could be a Hell in it's own can
be hard to comprehend. The fact of the matter is that the three people have no looking glass in which
to see themselves, no way to know how the other people in the room feel about them, and no way to
get away from each other, for they are locked in this room for eternity (Sartre). The fact that one of
the women, Estelle, is a sort of conceited woman who wants to see how she looks all the time makes
her feel the need to ask the other woman, Inez, how she looks (Sartre). When she does this, it shows
the way that it is human nature that we are constantly worried and wondering how they look through
another person's eyes (Northern). The idea of the Northern Existential Group that "Hell is other

No Exit, By Jean Paul Sartre
Existentialism is a relatively new philosophical concept, which flourished soon after the end of
World War II. It is focused around a belief that existence precedes essence, meaning that there is no
meaning of life, other than the one each individual assigns during his own lifetime. In the play No
Exit, Jean Paul Sartre explores this philosophy through a triad of individuals whose lives and post–
death experiences reflect a range of existentialist ideas and their contradictions. The three characters,
Garcin Inez, and Estelle, are all stuck in a second empire style room, in the depths of hell, where
they have the opportunity to together reflect on all they have ever done. However, it is the behavior
they assume in hell that reflects existential philosophy, not their experiences on earth. Sartre's play
No Exit, oozes with existentialist ideas from choice of setting, to personal torture and a
representation of each key concepts of this philosophical movement. The most important part of the
whole play is Sartre's choice of setting. Hell is a taboo concept in society, often pictured as a general
idea rather than a specific place. In No Exit, hell is not "hellish" at all; it is, at first glance, a second
empire style room full of extravagant furniture and fancy decorations which, on Earth, would have
been synonymous with the perfect lifestyle. When the three characters walk in for the first time, they
think it is a joke and are positively surprised with the beauty of their room.

Jean Paul Sartre No Exit Existentialism Essay
It was in the 19 Th centuries where a French writer Jean–Paul Sartre who popularized the concept of
existentialism this was during his play No Exit. Sartre explained Existentialism, which states on the
belief that life has no meaning. Each is separate from all other individuals, so each person has the
power to place himself in the position he wishes, that every individual is responsible for his actions.
(Reynolds)People should be responsible for themselves rather than make excuses for the
occurrences in their life, the belief that humans have free will. The play was published in 1943. In
his plays introduces us to three main characters that are locked up in a room in hell. The first
character is an assassinated journalist by the name of Garcia, believes that he is in hell for
mistreating his wife. The second character is a postal worker and seduces her fellow women by the
name Inez. The final character murdered her child which led to the child's father committing suicide
is called Estelle. The three characters in the play are intelligent and can figure out the situation none
of the characters has a clue about the other although locked up in this room each character can be
able to see what is happening on earth they can see their family and friends. These characters are
locked up in eternity where they shall spend their time with people they dislike.
In the room there are no mirrors or windows, bathrooms no one can eat, lights are always on, and
the characters are

Existentialism, By Jean Paul Sartre
Yamaris Gonzalez–Rivera, Essay #3, Ch 10 & Ch 12, November 17, 2015
Existentialist Philosopher JP Sartre As a human beings, we have many choices that we need to make
on a daily basis throughout our entire lives as well. Those choices that we make, may have
consequences and may affect us or our family members in the long run. Therefore, throughout my
essay I will give a summary from Jean Paul Sartre's "Ethical Authenticity," in chapter 10 and the
"Existentialism is a Humanism," his primary reading. I will also be answering the questions to the
primary readings. Jean Paul Sartre was a French Existentialist philosopher and a writer during the
mid twentieth century. He was recognized as the most influential thinker in the existentialist
movement and best known for his lecture in the primary reading "Existentialism is a Humanism."
He studied phenomenology in Berlin during the two World Wars which lead him to being a prisoner
of war, held by Nazi's. Sartre was able to escape from the Nazi's and joined forces with the French
Resistance Movement. Which had influenced him on his outlook on politics and life. Sartre then
inspired one of the most extensive philosophical movements; the movement of existentialism. The
movement to reach the people outside the academic world. Sartre did not believe in God, and had
stated that there is "no God, no absolute moral values."(pg. 508) It being no master plan, and it
making no sense at all, happening in an absurd life and very randomly. The

Women And Jews By Simone De Beauvoir And Jean-Paul Sartre
From the continental European perspective shared by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean–Paul Sartre,
two groups would have stood out as the most historically marginalized; women and Jews. For much
of European history, both Jewish people and women were denied the rights and privileges afforded
to even the least privileged Christian men. They could not hold their own lands, were barred from all
but a select few professions, and lived with the constant threat of organized violence ready to be
turned against them if they ever stepped out of line. In a sense, both woman and Jew are used as an
other for their outgroups, male and Gentile respectively, to define themselves apart from.
Accordingly de Beauvoir and Sartre manage to illustrate substantial similarities between the two
groups in their respective analyses that greatly affect their ultimate treatment, even as through their
limited scope and personal biases. Chiefly among these similarities is how both the idea of "woman"
and "Jew" are created classes, social constructs made in bad faith. While there will obviously be
female humans and Jewish people, the identities of woman and Jew exist only because those who
were not female and Jewish have labeled them as such. "If the Jew did not exist," writes Sartre in
Anti–Semite and Jew, "the anti–Semite would invent him." (8) However, one key difference exists
between the two: Jews present a hidden and existential threat to their foes that women never will.
Even the most strident opponent

Jean Paul Sartre Research Paper
Jean Paul Sartre
Life
Jean–Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French philosopher, writer and political activist, and one of
the central figures in 20th Century French philosophy and specifically existentialism. ("Jean–Paul
Sartre")
Sartre was born in Paris, France on 21 June 1905. At a young age, his grandfather developed his
interest in classical literature and reading, As a teenager he became interested in philosophy and
went on to study it at École Normale Supérieure until 1929. There, he met Simone de Beauvoir and
they became lifelong friends as they challenged cultural and social expectations of society. ("Jean–
Paul Sartre")
After he received his doctorate from at École Normale Supérieure, he served in the French Army
until 1931 and afterward ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He contributed greatly and his form of existentialism is often discussed in philosophy and everyday
life.
In Sartre's Existentialism, "existence is prior to essence", which means that it is actions that
determine qualities of individuals. Choices make the individual who he or she is. He firmly believed
that everyone, always and everywhere, has choices and therefore freedom or a choice of actions.
This freedom is empowering, but it also comes with responsibility.
In his 1946 essay, Existentialism is a Humanism which is regarded by many as one of the defining
texts of the Existentialist movement, he states: "Man is nothing else but that which he makes of
himself. That is the first principle of existentialism." Thus, he believed that freedom requires total
responsibility, in the face of which we experience and genuine human dignity can be achieved only
in our active acceptance of these emotions.
Sartre believed a godless world is the best world as it has no meaning. The lack of meaning allows
individuals to detach themselves from things in order to give them meaning. There is no purpose or
goal other than the goals the individual sets from him or herself. A godless world forces people to
create meaning and purpose and understand the

The play No Exit, by Jean–Paul Sartre is about three people that die and go to hell. Joseph Garcin, a
journalist executed by a firing squad for trying to desert during a war; Inez Serrano, a post–office
clerk murdered by her lover which left a gas stove on while she slept; and Estelle Rigault, a woman
who married an older rich man and died due to pneumonia. They all expected physical torture in
hell. However, all they found was a plain room with some furniture that always had the light on, no
windows, no beds, nothing that would reflect or work as a mirror. The three of them were trapped
inside the room. After discussing among themselves, they confessed their crimes and deduced that
the torture was psychological. They also realized that they had been placed together so that each of
them was to become the torturer of the other two. Each character began to ask things from the others
to fulfill a need they all had, which only led them to more despair. Due to this, Garcin concluded
that "hell is other people" (pag26). A. Petrusso argues in his article "No Exit" that the three main
characters of the play have in common a display of cowardice. Certainly, all of them seem to be
cowards at some moment and one character exhibits it more than the others. He also argues that
certain actions and behaviors are merely the cowardice of the character when in fact, it rather seems
more like fear. The examples and arguments used by Petrusso seem to simply catalog the main
characters as

No Exit By Jean Paul Sartre Essay
The Play Text, Its Context and the Ideas presented in the play Why did I choose this play? I choose
the play No Exit by Jean–Paul Sartre as the play to explore for my director 's notebook. The reason I
choose this text was because I wanted to find something out of the box and something that made the
audience think. This play is also a shorter play, so I think that it would be able to be able to keep the
audience's attention to the message of the play. This play is an absurdist play, and the topic of hell is
the main idea of this play. I think the topic something interesting to use, and also a good way to keep
the audience entertained. The characters of this play seem very real, and I enjoy how these
characters choices are relatable to the audience. The Pros: This play is something that fits with my
wish of making the audience think and this play is well known. This play also has a lot of
information pertaining to it. This play is not to long, and it will have a small cast. Since the play is
short it will be easier to keep my audience 's attention for the whole play. The smaller cast would
make it easier to direct, and also the cast would be an ensemble. The Cons: This play is originally in
a different language so it has been translated into what I have been studying. This play was also
written during a very terrible time for the world. This playwright is also no longer alive, so there is
no way to know if I am completely following the playwright 's intent. About this

Existentialism In Nausea, By Jean-Paul Sartre
Nausea is a fictional book by Jean–Paul Sartre that discusses the life of a troubled Antoine
Roquentin. The victim is suffering from nausea, which is a mental illness. According to Roquentin,
the disease is affecting his brain, and he has a feeling that he is going crazy. For this reason, he
decides to record all the changes in a dairy. Through the diary, he monitors the changes that he has
no idea of its origin. Sartre uses the life of Roquentin with the attempt of bringing meaning to life.
He does this through the use of existentialist ideas and complimenting it with fiction. The fiction by
Sartre is essential to the ancient and modern world. It is a book that significantly contributes to
individuals' reflection of their lives and coming up with ways of improving their lives and those
around them. Additionally, it highlights the challenges that people go through in the society. This
paper will illustrate that existentialism is the best way one can figure out or understand his life.
Analysis
Nausea is a well–crafted book that has extensively brought out the idea of existentialism and the
impact it has on our lives. The author first introduces Antoine to the readers, and he is facing many
difficulties in his life. He is suffering from a disease called nausea and does not have an idea of its
origin. The illness affected his brain and body that prevents him from making rational decisions. In
an attempt at gaining control of the situation, Antoine develops a habit

No Exit From Jean-Paul Sartre And Oedipus Rex
Every person, no matter the age or gender is, and will always be, worried about its destiny. Destiny,
or fate, how most people tend to call it, represents the ultimate step in the road of an individual, the
last stage of the play of every living thing. Something so trivial in the life of a person and yet, all
people want to know its meaning. Along fate, there has always been the other subject, the one which
describes how we get there, the choices, the true faith. It is what uttermost people call free will or,
the ability to make our own decisions with the hope of one day achieving a greater goal, to show our
true faith. Throughout the course, we have sailed through different stories. Some more interesting
than others, but something always remained likewise. The struggle between fate and free will. This
relationship has always been a mystery and to understand it, we will take a look at how those two
perceptions play a role in the stories No Exit, from Jean–Paul Sartre and Oedipus Rex, from
Sophocles. No Exit is a play about three people that enter in a room where each and every one of
them has a motive to be there for. It is a hell for them due to the tragedies they committed while they
were alive. In order to put it simply, we will only use one character from each play to transit deep
into the relationship between fate and free will. Joseph Garcin is the first of the three people who
arrive at the room. Once alive, he had a normal life, he had a job, a wife, etc. The

The Life of Jean-Paul Sartre
Existentialism could be defined as a philosophical theory that focuses on the individual person being
a free and responsible person who determines his or her own development through acts of will.
Existentialism is a thesis that has been discussed by some of the greatest philosophical minds ever to
live. Minds such as Kierkegaard and Nietzsche all had their own view on what existentialism was
and major impact on the development of this thesis. Each of these philosophies played a huge
influence on a great mind that would come later on in history. That was the mind of Jean–Paul
Sartre. Sartre, who is considered one of the great philosophical minds, based many of his ideas
around the idea of existentialism and phenomenology. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
("Jean–Paul Sartre") As a boy, Sartre received much of his early education from tutors. In 1924,
Jean–Paul Sartre started studying at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. (Media) He graduated in
1929 with a doctorate in Philosophy. (Channel) With the help of a stipend from the Institut Francais,
Jean–Paul Sartre was able to study the philosophies of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger in
Berlin, Germany. Husserl and Heidegger were both philosophers whose beliefs were centered on
existentialism and phenomenology. Both are subjects Sartre expressed in many of his writing and
plays. In 1931, Sartre became a Professor of Philosophy at Le Havre. He would later teach at Laon
until he eventually became a professor at the Lycée Pasteur in Paris from 1937 to 1939. (Media)
Sartre had many famous works that bolstered him up to the top ranks of philosophers. Sartre's first
novel, Nausea, 1938, and the collection of stories called The Wall and other Stories, 1938, brought
him immediate recognition and success. They dramatically express Sartre's early existentialist
themes of alienation and commitment, and of salvation through art. His central philosophical work,
Being and Nothingness, 1943, is an essay on Phenomenological Ontology. (Media) The overall
reason Sartre wrote Being and the Nothingness was to demonstrate that free will exists. (Levy)
Another one of Sartre's

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