5. 11 November 1918: End of World War I U.S. President: Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921 January 1923: The National Socialist German Workers’ Party, AKA the Nazi Party, holds its first rally in Munich U.S. President: Warren Harding 1921-1923 Autumn 1925: Adolf Hitler’s autobiography and anti-Semitic plan, Mein Kampf , is published U.S. President Calvin Coolidge 1923-1929 12 June 1929: Anne Frank is born 31 July 1932: The Nazi Party receives 37% of the vote and are asked to form a coalition government U.S. President: Herbert Hoover 1929-1933 30 January 1933: Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany 6/4/11
6. Spring 1933: The Gestapo, or Secret Police, is established. The main concentration camp for political prisoners, Dachau , is built. April 1933: The Nazis declare a boycott of Jewish businesses as well as medical and legal practices. A law excluding non-Aryans removes Jews from positions in government and teaching. 10 May 1933: In huge rallies throughout Germany, books by Jews, political enemies of the Nazi state, and other “undesirables” are burned. July 1933: Hitler bans ALL political parties except for the Nazis. U.S. President: Franklin Roosevelt 1933-1945 4/5/11
7. January 1934: Forced sterilization of the racially “inferior,” primarily Gypsies and African-Germans, and the “unfit,” the mentally and physically disabled, begins. Fall 1934: The Nuremberg Laws are passed. These laws redefine Jews as non-citizens and make mixed Aryan/Jewish marriages illegal. 7 March 1936: Germans march into the Rhineland , violating the Versailles Treaty Summer 1936: Olympic Games are held in Berlin, Germany. The United States participates. 12 March 1938: Germany annexes Austria 5/6/11
8. 9-10 November 1938: Kristallnacht (The Night of the Broken Glass). State-sponsored pogrom in Germany and Austria, looting and destroying synagogues and Jewish-owned businesses. 15 March 1939: Germany occupies Czechoslovakia 1 September 1939: Germany invades Poland; World War II begins. September 1939: Tiergarten 4. Hitler implements the T4 program, killing the institutionalized, physically disabled, and mentally ill. April and May 1940: Germany invades: Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg 29-30 September 1941: The Einsatzgruppen (special forces) execute more than 33,ooo Jews at Babi Yar , near Kiev in the Ukraine 6/7/11
9. 11 December 1941: Germany declares war on the United States March 1942: Sobibor, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau all become fully operational death camps, followed by Treblinka in July. 12 June 1942: Anne Frank turns thirteen years old. June 1943: SS leader Himmler orders the “liquidation” of all the ghettos in Poland and the Soviet Union to the death camps. 6 June 1944: D Day: Allied forces invade Western Europe. 4 August 1944: Anne Frank and the rest of the refugees are taken from their hiding place. 6 July 1942: Anne and her family go into hiding 7/8/11
10. 26 November 1944: Himmler orders troops to destroy the crematoria at Auschwitz in an attempt to hide Nazi war crimes. 7 May 1945: Germany surrenders and the war ends in Europe. November 1945: The Nuremberg Trials of Nazi war criminals begin. 3/10/11
11. I don't think of all the misery but of the beauty that still remains. Anne Frank
