Managing Test Environments And Test Data

Managing Test Environments And Test Data
1
TNS 2014
Test Virtualization
Azeez Mohammad
Email ID: azeez.mohammad@optum.com
Prathyusha Gs
Email ID: gs.prathyusha@optum.com
Nidhi Birthray
Email ID: nidhi.birthray@optum.com
UnitedHealth Group
M/s Phoenix Infocity Private Limited SEZ,
Avance Software Hub Hitech City–2,
Gachibowli
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh – 500081
2
ABSTRACT:
Managing Test environments and Test data has reached a Server/Storage bottleneck across all the
Data warehouse/Business Intelligence applications. By deploying Virtualization solutions, the
agility of testing takes a swift growth that benefits the business in near real time Data Analytics.
Test virtualization is mainly targeted to face the below challenges head–on:
 Upsurge in Overall software release cycle time due to numerousrequirement changes and
complexity.
 Decrease in productivity due to manualenvironment configuration and test data management.
 Huge software environment infrastructure costs.
INTRODUCTION:
Virtualization is the act of abstracting the physical boundaries of an environment comprising of
computer hardware platform, operating system (OS), storage device and computer network
resources.
Virtualization as a technology has advanced primarily from open source projects to a highly
commercialized technology
This paper is targeted to provide the real time approach and benefits of incorporating virtualization
into testing space. The key components of Test Virtualization are :
1. Test Environment Virtualization
2. Test Data

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Software Virtualization (DHL)
Virtualization (DHL): Virtualization is a software technology that makes it possible to run multiple
operating systems and applications on the same server at the same time. It's transforming the IT
landscape and fundamentally changing the way that people utilize technology. Virtualization is the
single most effective way to reduce IT expenses while boosting efficiency and performance, not just
for large enterprises, but for small and midsize businesses too. (Mctigue, 2013) Virtualization
efficiencies How it create efficiencies Virtualization can reduce the number of physical systems we
need to acquire, and we can get more value out of the servers. Most traditionally built systems are
underutilized and Virtualization allows maximum use of the hardware investment. With
virtualization, you can also run multiple types of applications and even run different operating
systems for those applications on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One server can run multiple Software and deliver high application availability. Software
virtualization supports business continuity and disaster recovery. Server and storage virtualization
have both been used for years, though virtualizing servers is the more popular trend. (Toigo, 2011).
Disadvantages Virtualization is a great innovation in technology world and having plenty of
advantages, no doubt in that. Meanwhile there are few disadvantages also exist and should be
considered. High risk in physical fault, Performance is not same, it is not easy to use virtual
software as only experts with special knowledge can work on them. (Sysprobs.com) In DHL
virtualization can have many advantages. As it is the pooling of multiple physical storage resources
into single storage resource that is centrally managed. So it is a way to reduce complexity of
resources management. It's another advantage is that it automates many time consuming tasks,
considering the scarcity of trained storage

Network Effects On The Organization
Networks Effects on Organization Homework 2 Raghava Katreepalli, Dawg: 853242522
Introduction: This Paper discuss about network effects on two different organizations. Firstly it will
discuss about network effects on physical organization and then about virtual organization. Network
effects or function of network size and network strength [1]. The theory related to network effects
on organization can be categorized into three parts [1]: i. depends on technology adopted i.e., what
factors would contribute if new technology is adopted ii. Technology compatibility decision i.e.,
what factors involve in organization for seeking compatibility iii. Decision among competing
incompatible technologies i.e., what factors involve in consumer choice ... Show more content on
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In order to deliver a packet, a sender may have to wait for a certain period of time [4] until its
receiver becomes active. Sleep latency degrades the performance (e.g., delay and energy
consumption) of various kinds of data forwarding designs in low–duty–cycle networks. There are
two features that make flooding in low–duty cycle networks challenging. First, a packet is unlikely
to be received by multiple nodes simultaneously as in always awake networks. To broadcast a
packet, a sender has to transmit the same packet multiple times if its receivers do not wake up at the
same time. Thus flooding in such networks is realized essentially by multiple unicasts. Second,
unlike wired networks, wireless communication is notoriously unreliable [4]. A transmission is
repeated if the previous transmissions are not successful due to wireless loss. The combination of
low–duty–cycle operation and unreliable links necessitates the design of a different flooding
mechanism than those found in wired networks and always–awake wireless networks. These
combined have a knock on effects on reliability and cost [4]. One straightforward solution could be
building a routing tree for flooding. Yet this type of solutions have been shown [7] to be fragile,
because the failure of a parent node prevents

The Development Of Drivers For Virtual Machines
I. Introduction to the topic This paper will be analyzing the development of drivers for virtual
machines, as well as how virtual machines access host hardware. Topics covered will include what
interest what interest I/O driver virtualization holds for the computer information science field, a
general overview of virtualization, I/O hardware virtualization, and virtualization of I/O drivers.
II. Why the topic is of interest
Due to increased efficiency in Central Processing Units, most computers today are not used to their
full potential. In fact, time interrupt handlers are issued as wait time, thus eating up CPU clock
cycles. Virtualization gave the opportunity for multiple x86 Operating Systems to run on one
machine. As CPU's were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CPU, memory and resources are divided amongst the OSes by the Virtual Machine Monitors, where
the Virtual Machine resides. The Virtual Machine is a software abstraction that will behave as
though it is a complete machine, with virtual hardware resources, RAM, and I/O hardware [1].
There are two main approaches to virtualization: hosted architecture, and hypervisor architecture. In
hosted architecture, the encapsulation layer is installed in the form of an application on the
Operating System, while the hypervisor architecture involves the installing of the encapsulation
layer, or hypervisor, on a clean system, which gives direct access to the system's resources [2].
The issue of virtualization is that the virtualized OSes do not have full access to hardware resources
and memory. They expect to execute within a high privilege level. The VMM is run in this high
layer, while the OS is moved to the user level, above the application level. This change in privilege
requires costly saving and restoring, and system calls can lead to some CPU cache loss. Instead, a
translation look–aside buffer, or TLB, is used upon VMM entry and exit to cache physical and
virtual address translation [3]. Because different privilege levels also effect semantics, binary
translation is used to make up for the move. Three possibilities exist to allow virtualization: full
virtualization with binary translation,

Network Virtualization And The Virtual Network Essay
Nick Dispenza Research Paper Professor Lee Overview Network Virtualization Network
virtualization is a technology, which enables combining computer network resources into a single
platform appearing as a single network. In this form of virtualization, all hardware and software in
the virtual network appear as a single collection of resource. The goal of network virtualization is to
provide systems and users with efficient, controlled, and secure sharing of the networking resources.
The product of network virtualization is the virtual network. Virtual networks are classified into two
broad types, external and internal. External virtual networks consist of several local networks that
are administered by software as a single entity. The building blocks of classic external virtual
networks are switch hardware and virtual local area network (VLAN) software technology.
Examples of external virtual networks include large corporate networks and data centers. An
internal virtual network consists of one system using virtual machines or zones whose network
interfaces are configured over at least one physical NIC. Those network interfaces are called virtual
network interface cards or virtual NICs (VNICs). These containers can communicate with each
other as though they were on the same local network, effectively becoming a virtual network on a
single host. How is network virtualization similar to server virtualization? Well, for one thing they
are very similar conceptually. On a

Operating System Structure Of A Single Large Executable...
OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTURE The operating system can be defined as a collection of
written procedures, linked together into a single large executable binary program. The most useful
and better approach is divide the task into small components /modules instead of having one
monolithic system so that the operating system can function properly and can be modified easily.
Input, output and functions should be clearly defined in each of the system modules as far as we can
finally come with large and complex system. Simple structure, layered structure, microkernel,
client–server systems and virtual machines are among different structures of operating system.
1.Simple Structure Well defined structures are very important in operating systems. Scope,
functionality and well designed modules are main factor to consider to make sure the system will
satisfy user needs and provides a good service to users.MS–DOS is a good example of Simple
structure because of its history which starts with small, simple and limited system that did not
consider about the number of users and possibility of become popular operating system that can be
able to accommodate as many users as possible.MS–DOS do not consider the matter of separation
between the interfaces and levels of functionality. As Silberschatz (2013) observation on weakness
and explain the nature of MS–DOS as simple structure " Application programs are able to access the
basic I/O routines to write directly to the display and disk

A Brief Note On The Cisco Unified Computing System Essay
1.1.3 Case Study 3– [CFA (Country Fire Authority) Agile Responsive Technology] This Australian
organization also deployed the Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS), VMware, and NetApp to
scale Infrastructure in their data center. [10] In addition to this, Cisco Nexus 1000v series switch
was added to provide visibility of virtual machines at the virtual access layer. This helped to
improve the virtualization intelligence of the network. This platform helped to improve scalability,
which was the primary necessity of the organization. [10] The Cisco UCS manager at the
organization is mostly pleased because of the 'single pane' where you can access the servers and
therefore ease manageability. Virtualization now seems an inevitable move for organizations that
want to remain at top notch. With its great benefits it is unavoidable. It is because of this that I focus
my project on Layer 2 domain expansion by VXLAN Overlay Technology. 1.2 VXLAN [Overlay
Technology] The case studies are based on VXLAN basic idea and its benefits. Originally VXLAN
had been invented for the big benefit where in VLAN, user cannot have more than thousand
VLANs' in network per device but now, we can get 16 million VXLAN configuration possible on
single virtual switch environment using combined approach of Cisco and VMware products. [13]
1.3 Literature Reviews Various research papers and existing published patterns on VXLAN
documents helped in selecting this topic and two of them are described in the below

Evolution Of New Load Balancing Model For Cloud Computing
Evolution of new Load Balancing model for Cloud Computing Abstract Cloud computing is a vital
part of this new era IT world or we can say that it is a technology of new age which are used to
connect data and application from anywhere around the planet through the internet. Anything and
everything from servers to mobile phones can be connected to the cloud. It has also yielded up some
new companies which are providing consumer a large range of services. Due to this the upcoming
companies can now better concentrate on its major purpose and not have to worry about installing
their own servers and about its maintenance. They can be very easily outsourcing it to these cloud
suppliers saving a lot of capital and energy investment by them. Now, ... Show more content on
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Dynamic schemes are more complex and use system information whereas static schemes are bit
simpler and system informations are not used here. Dynamic schemes get changed whenever the
status of the system gets changed. In our paper we have used dynamic schemes for flexibility. In our
model there is a main controller and balancer which gather and analyze each and every information.
We aimed at the public cloud in this load balancing model because public cloud has enormous nodes
with distributed computing resources present in many different locations. In this model public cloud
is being divided into several cloud partitions and when the load and environment is very large and
complex, these partitions simplify the load balancing. Due to its main controller the cloud can
choose suitable partition for the jobs which are arriving whereas the balancer for each cloud
partition chooses the best load balancing strategy Fig: Everything on the Cloud [16] Related works:
There have been many studies of load balancing for the cloud environment. Load balancing in cloud
computing was discussed in a white paper by Adler [3] who introduced the tools techniques
commonly used for load balancing in cloud. However load balancing is still a new problem in cloud
computing that

Virtualization Technology And Resource Partitioning...
Introduction to VMware
VMware was founded in 1998 with the goal of putting mainframe–level virtualization technology
and resource partitioning capabilities on an x86 platform. VMware software provides hardware
virtualization capabilities that present an x86/x64 platform and associated devices to a guest
operating system running in a virtual machine.
VMware software provides a complete set of virtualized hardware to the guest operating system.
VMware desktop software runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, while its enterprise
software hypervisors for servers, VMware ESX and VMware ESXi, are bare–metal hypervisors that
run directly on server hardware. The suite of products from VMware includes virtualization
platforms to run virtual machines along with migration and conversion tools, assessment tools, and
management tools to support the VMware Virtual Infrastructure.
VMware Infrastructure is a full infrastructure virtualization suite that provides comprehensive
virtualization, management, resource optimization, application availability, and operational
automation capabilities in an integrated offering. VMware Infrastructure virtualizes and aggregates
the underlying physical hardware resources across multiple systems and provides pools of virtual
resources to datacenter in the virtual environment.
What is VMware?
'VM' stands for Virtual Machine, which can be installed on any operating system to give a feel of a
real system hardware running on your computer. A

The For A Small Mid Sized Manufacturing Company
Landing Page and ad copy, Cloud campaign Target Audience IT Managers in a small–mid–sized
manufacturing company. Avg yearly revenue is between 10 – 25 million and the head office is
located in Ontario. The IT manager reports to a smaller management team and is constantly under
fire to reduce costs and simultaneously innovate to compete against larger companies. Primary
Need(s) Stable infrastructure so he/she can focus on progressive work. – The voice of what they are
experiencing: I want to forget about maintenance tasks so I can add efficiency to my company –
helping it to succeed Primary Pain Point(s) I have a flat or declining budget and new hardware is not
included in my budget. Management team is of the opinion that the existing ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Tier III and other certifications for our data centre Any testimonials we can get from existing
customers Who do we WANT as a customer? IT Managers who want/need to drive growth through
innovation. We will have an easier sell targeting someone who wants to succeed but doesn 't have a
big budget. Public cloud with reliability and fast provisioning will be of interest to this person Who
do we NOT want as a customers? any company looking for consumption based billing – this will
exclude start–ups, cloud bursting data consumers, developers and hybrid cloud users CloudPath:
Cloud designed for YOUR business needs. Home / Cloud / Cloud these are breadcrumbs. All pages
will have them The reliability of Microsoft's Azure Cloud At a price that fits your budget. If you
need to deploy critical systems to a secure, reliable cloud service but your budget is limited, then
CloudPath is the right choice for your organization. CloudPath includes unlimited, 24/7 support and
uses the same Microsoft Azure technology trusted by Fortune 500 enterprises across the world. And,
the costs are a fraction of what you would spend on a private cloud or new hardware. CloudPath
replaces your entire data centre or adds hybrid cloud flexibility without upfront equipment costs.
Secure Your Data Automate data backups and initiate VM snapshots without

The Topic For My Capstone Project Was To Gain Introductory
The topic for my capstone project was to gain introductory knowledge for penetration testing. I had
little knowledge on the subject itself, but I was interested in it enough to base this project around it.
What I knew before hand was very basic information and I would need to learn a lot more before I
could consider myself fully introduced to penetration testing. The goal of my capstone was to learn
how to safely practice penetration testing, set up a virtual machine penetration lab, learn why a lab
would need to be set up, and lastly to find out why penetration testing is important.
Penetration testing is when a company pays a specialist to try and break into their network and relay
back to them any vulnerabilities they may find. Now ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Using these labels and their definitions explains the purpose of penetration testing a bit better.
White–hats use the same methods and tools to break into networks as a black–hat would, but they
disclose the security issue with the network owner. In a sense, a white–hat imitates a malicious
attack but there would be no harm done to the network.
What are the vulnerabilities in which a penetration test would look for? Most penetration tests
would go through an information gathering state in which they look for as many different possible
vulnerable targets, and they may also capture the network traffic and investigate that as well. One
example of an attack could be infiltrating the file server and uploading a payload to that server. If an
attacker can find their way to accessing the file server, depending on what is kept on it, they could
also have access to secure files and any other sensitive information kept on it, possibly any of the
configuration files to that file server holding hashes for user passwords. Attackers may also look for
any vulnerable programs on network computers for more ways into the system. Depending on how
much effort a hacker wants to go through there is an endless amount of areas that they can check for
vulnerabilities. Anything from scanning port numbers to bypassing the firewall without being
detected, networks can be well secured but not to a point of being 100% safe from any

Security Issues For Cloud Services Essay
As depicted in figure 3, the technical details, arrangements and management of the cloud service
providers' network is transparent to the cloud user. From the end of the cloud user, the service from
the provider comes in the form of SaaS, PaaS or IaaS where the cloud user has no intention or worry
about what goes on in the internal arrangement of the cloud service providers' network. Any
disruption of any form for whatever is the reason, deem to the cloud users either as service
unavailability or quality deterioration – its affect and ways to counter this disruption is a critical part
for the cloud infrastructure. Security issues might play a stimulating role as a driving factor for any
aforementioned disruption. IV. AUTHENTICATION IN CLOUD Security is the most prioritized
aspect for any form of computing, making it an obvious expectation that security issues are crucial
for cloud environment as well. As the cloud computing approach could be associated with having
users' sensitive data stored both at clients' end as well as in cloud servers, identity management and
authentication are very crucial in cloud computing. Verification of eligible users' credentials and
protecting such credentials are part of main security issues in the cloud – violation in these areas
could lead to undetected security breach at least to some extent for some period. A possible
authentication scenario for a cloud infrastructure is illustrated in figure 4. Figure 4: Authentication
in the

Difference Between Containers And Container
Containers: LITERATURE SURVEY
Container is an operating–system–level virtualization environment, which is used to run a number
of isolated systems on a single control host. Linux containers are built on the concept of kernel
namespaces. Namespaces are used to create an isolated container that has no visibility or access to
objects outside the container. Processes running inside the container appear to be running on a
normal Linux system although they are sharing the underlying kernel with processes located in other
namespaces. There are two main types of containers:
1. System container – This container acts like a full–fledged OS and runs OS processes like init,
syslogd etc.
2. Application container – This container runs a single application and uses limited resources.
Both these types of containers are useful in different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This advantage of containers over VM's plays a significant role in optimizing use of resources
especially when the host OS is highly hardware intensive. As a result of this more number of
containers can be deployed on the same host as opposed to virtual machines (varying from 2 to 6
times the number of VM's).
3 | P a g e
The following figure highlight the major difference between VM's and Containers:
Today intensive research is being put into the field of containers. Huge corporations like Google and
Twitter are today investing heavily in developing container technology. The Docker project and
Google's Kubernetes project are two open source projects which have caught huge traction recently.
We shall be using these softwares for supporting different modules of our project.
4 | P a g e
The graph below compares the resources used by containers and virtual machines.
Figure : Docker vs KVM
( source :

Advantages Of Virtual Machines
Abstract
This paper refers to the features of Virtual Machines and Virtual Machines Monitors describing the
performance and challenges as well as mechanisms such as fault tolerance, high availability and v–
motion. Main theme depicts that modern servers are designed sufficiently powerful to use
virtualization into many smaller virtual machines (VMs), each running a separate operating system
instance [1]. Numerous systems have been designed to get virtualization by utilizing the storage
resources like SAN and processing & memory resources Like Servers and network infrastructure to
build a cluster of failover servers [2].
Introduction:
Virtual machines have become a replacement of hardware and experiencing a revival in the
commercial and research ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, the instruction execution stream of an operating system's idle loop or the code for lock
busy–waiting is indistinguishable at the monitor's level from some important calculation. The result
is that the monitor may schedule resources for useless computation while useful computation may
be waiting. Similarly, the monitor does not know when a page is no longer being actively used by a
virtual machine, so it cannot reallocate it to another virtual machine. In general, the monitor must
make resource management decisions without the high–level knowledge that an operating system
would have

Microsoft Hyper-v Virtualization System Essay
1. INTRODUCTION:–
As we all know virtualization is the requirement of future. We have evolved from the age of
traditional environment to virtual environment.We have grown accustomed to almost all things
virtual from virtual memory to virtual networks to virtual storage.The most widely leveraged benefit
of virtualization technology is server consolidation, enabling one server to take on the workloads of
multiple servers. For example, by consolidating a branch office's print server, fax server, exchange
server, and web server on a single windows server, businesses reduce the costs of hardware,
maintenance, and staffing.
In 2008, Microsoft released hyper–v, its first bare–metal hypervisor–based technology, built
intowindows server 2008. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Parent partition requests the hypervisor to create a child partition. Child partition can't access the
resources directly whenever it needs anything it is routed through parent partition and child partition
are not able to create any new partition.
Cluster Shared Volume (CSV) :–
Hyper visor has the concept of CSV which allows virtual machines running on different hyper–v
servers to simultaneously access their virtual hard disks (VHD) stored on a shared LUN.
Dynamically Expanding Disk :–
It is a type of VHD disk which expand when more data is stored in it but do not shrink when data is
deleted.
Fixed Disk :–
It is the type of disk in which the space is fixed. it doesn't matter how much data you store.
Guest Operating System :–
The operating system which operates inside the virtual machine running on child partition.
Hypervisor :–
Hypervisor is the virtualization layer which is responsible for the virtualization. a virtualization
platform that allows multiple virtual machines to run on a physical host at the same time
Parent Partition :–
Parent partition is also known as root partition.it is responsible for creating new partition.it request
hypervisor create new partition and it can only be one parent partition
Templates :–
Template is like the master copy of the machine which is used to create new virtual machines.
Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) :–
Virtual hard disks are used to store the data

The Infrastructure of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing refers to an internet based computing technology where shared servers provide
infrastructure, software and various other resource to customers on a "pay–as–use" basis. Cloud
users need not know how the resources are managed. Hence they can concentrate on the business
functionality of the service rather than the underlying functionality involved in the management of
the resources. These customers do not own the physical infrastructure, but rent these resources from
a third–party agency. This concept is widely utilised by the industry, government and in the
educational sector due to the ability to provide robust, resilient and scalable computing power. The
resources are provisioned to the user based on determining the required computing resources by the
customer.
Virtualisation is a powerful technology which makes modern computers versatile and powerful. This
technology enables an on–demand creation of a large number of virtual machines within a physical
machine and can be implemented at the server level, OS level or at the application level. Server
level virtualisation is done by emulating the underlying hardware by virtualisation software. This
virtualisation software is referred as a Hypervisor or a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). In OS
virtualisation, the virtualisation platform runs on top of the host OS which relays and co–ordinates
various resource requests from different Virtual Machines (VMs). Application Virtualisation enables
applications to run on

Wonder Widgets Inc. The Virtual Network Switchs :...
Wonder Widgets Inc. – Virtual Network Switches
Introduction
Virtual switches allow virtual machines on the same ESX server host to talk with each other using
comparative traditions that would be used over physical switches, without the requirement for
additional frameworks organization hardware.
Description of the structure of a virtual network
In enrolling, coordinate virtualization or system virtualization is the way toward joining apparatus
and programming structure assets and structure an incentive into a solitary, programing based real
segment, a virtual structure. System virtualization joins sort out virtualization, routinely set with
asset virtualization.
A virtual affiliation or association is one whose people are geologically ... Show more content on
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They in like way ease association in light of the way that virtual equipment does not come up short.
A definite survey of the three sors of virtual switches – outer (or bridged), inward (or host–only),
and private. clarify how each sort of switch communicates with the host machine and the virtual
machine. A virtual machine (VM) is a working structure (OS) or application that is exhibited on
programming, which copies conferred outfit. The end client has a dubious unlawful relationship on
a virtual machine from they would have submitted gear.
External – is only an essential virtual switch that gives availability to the physical system. Virtual
frameworks are used where you have to allow exchanges between:
Virtual machine to virtual machine on the same physical server
 Virtual machine to parent piece and visa–versa.
 Virtual machine to remotely found servers and visa–versa.
 Discretionary parent area to remotely found servers and visa–versa
Inward: does not associate with the physical structure. It works with organize allotments that are
disengaged to the host server. Exchanges can happen between any VMs that are connected with the
virtual switch. A virtual switch is in like way bound to the host server despite the way that it doesn't
make the grade regarding a physical contraption. This permits the host working structure to chat
with VMs over the virtual system. Inside and private virtual systems are most all things

The Implementation Of Virtual Machine And Wireshark
Controllers: On behalf of experiments a Controller removes and adds the flow entries from the flow
table. Using OpenFlow: This research shows about the implementation of OpenFlow in software
defined networks. Main aim of this exp Install virtual machine and in the virtual machine install the
latest version of OpenFlow and then access the virtual machine by SSH. Dpctl is one of the utilities
that give control over the flow table of a switch and this is used for troubleshoot based on the study
of the flow table entries. Mininet helps to create a virtual network in the virtual machine and
Wireshark is a networking monitor tools with which a detailed study on the virtual behavior of the
network can be seen by displaying the results on timely basis. The experiment starts by creating
three hosts, an OpenFlow switch with three ports and a controller and dpctl. Configure the
OpenFlow switch to connect to a server and this server acts as remote controller. Now add flows
using dpctl and check the startup messages with the help of Wireshark. Verify the reachability and
then create a switch and this switch has a capability to learn about the source–port mapping.
Whenever a packet arrives, if the mac address of the device is associated with any port then that
packet is assigned to that particular port else the packet will be sent through out all the ports of the
switch. Now extend the study to two switches with each switch having a single host and configure
in a way, so that each switch

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Scientific Cloud Portal
VIII. SCIENTIFIC CLOUD PORTAL
Scientific Cloud Portal provides the facility to create Infrastructure as a Service by generating
Virtual Machines and Virtual clusters for development of Cloud based applications. It also manages
the VM resources for Saving the images and Destroying the VM and Virtual cluster as per the user
convenience. Fig. 5 provides the details of the Virtual Resources information in this portal.
Figure.5 Scientific cloud Portal – Running instances
Fig. 6 explains the Virtual Machines and Virtual cluster creation from the browser information of
Repository images which are stored in the cloud using Cumulus package.
Figure 6 Scientific cloud Portal – VM Creation
Fig. 7 provides the details of the available information of Repository images which are stored in the
cloud using Cumulus package. Figure.7 Scientific cloud Portal – Repository Images This lab kit is
having several other packages for job submission portal, storage management and PSE for specific
applications. The following is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During installation while configuring Network Bridge, we need to provide the relevant interface
name and it should exactly matching currently available interface; otherwise the entire system will
be hanging. Assigning the Dynamic IP needs to be accessible through local network and configuring
the DHCP server generating the new IPs. For the Virtual cluster creation there is a need to assign a
domain name for the Server node. Depending on requirement of the application, the Virtual Cluster
or Virtual Machine requires the enhancement of either disk space or shared file system and
configuring the extra space was not simple. All these challenges, we analyzed and fixed by doing
necessary modifications in the scripting and terminating unwanted

Virtualization Is An Important Component
Virtualization is an important component when it comes to server. It's helpful when using one
instance of a server and spread it on multiple devices. Virtualization is a "use of software to allow a
piece of hardware to run multiple operating system images at the same time" (Rouse, web) They all
act as a different machine allowing the user ability to reset and start all over again at any given time.
Operating system virtualization has many important features and they all help reduce cost and
energy in long term. One of the most important feature of virtualization is the ability to run multiple
operating system just from one hardware. "Different virtual machines can run different operating
systems and multiple applications while sharing the resources of a single physical computer." (What
is Virtualization, web). This is especially useful because it lets anyone run multiple operating
systems from just one hardware. It allows the user to run their system to the max for a testing
purpose. Just in case if their system were to crash, then all they would have to do is just boot that
particular system off of a state that they would have saved periodically. Another reason why
virtualization is such a great way is because of cost. The cost to buy multiple licensing free would
run the company in tens of thousands dollar. But with virtualization all the company need to do is
buy on license and then the company can run as many licenses as the company want with that one.
The

Cloud Computing, Virtualization And Virtual Machine
As for the requirement of the course, I would like to request for the permission to write the course
report on "Cloud computing, virtualization and virtual machine". The report will intend to provide
readers the basic knowledge of how the cloud service work, what virtualization is and how various
institution is using the technology. I have done the basic research for the topic and have come to the
conclusion that I will be able to write an acceptable report on the topic. My experience at work has
also provided me with practical experience related to the topic.
Cloud and Virtualization
Cloud computing and virtualization allows versatility regarding accessibility of service from remote
location.
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the idea where application runs on a remote server that is provided as a
commercial service by a company rather than an institution or individual's local machine. Cloud
computing has made possible to provided Software as a Service, Platform as a Service and
Infrastructure as a Service (Beaty, 2013,p. 88–93)
Virtualization
Virtualization allows one or more physical servers to be connected and configured in a way that it
presents itself as a single physical machine with large resource. The user can then divide the
resource based on the need of the application and service. The most recent use of this service today
in enterprise and institution is creating virtual machine for virtual desktops and virtual servers.
Virtualization also reduces the need to

Energy Efficient Offloading With Flow Control
ENERGY EFFICIENT OFFLOADING WITH FLOW CONTROL IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
S.Hariprasath M.E.,/Assistant Professor,
Computer Science and Engineering,
Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for Women,
Salem,India.
hariprasath1989@gmail.com
Abstract – Network developing and Virtualization rising more and more in indoor Environment
(POIs) can provide plenty of bandwidth and computing resources. At the same time people are
suffering from the mobile device with limited resources. This leads to a novel local cloud computing
paradigm in which mobile device can leverage nearby resources to facilitate task execution. Cloud
computing is a computing resources such as processing, memory, and storage are not physically
pres¬ent at the user's location. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The cloud enables the data center to operate like the Internet and computing resources to be
accessed and shared as virtual resources in a secure and scalable manner. Like most technologies,
trends start in the enterprise and shift to adoption by small business owners.
R.Vaishnavi /M.E Student,
Computer Science and Engineering,
Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for Women,
Salem,India.
vaishnavi.rahul@gmail.com
The goal of cloud computing is to apply traditional supercomputing, or high–performance
computing power, normally used by military and research facilities, to perform tens of trillions of
computations per second, in consumer–oriented applications such as financial portfolios, to deliver
personalized information, to provide data storage or to power large, immersive computer games.
Feed cloud (FC), which is the key role of feed prefetching and pushing. In the FC, there is the main
feed base (FB), which stores all pre fetched feed contents, including the XML–based updates of the
feed and all text, image, and multimedia contents of the original website. There is also a tempFB,
which temporarily stores new feeds, and once it is accessed by a required number of users, it will be
moved to FB. Every user has their own habit on mobile reading while she may be also in varying
mobility conditions.
II.RELATED WORK
A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing: Architecture,

Virtualization Analysis : Cloud Computing Essay
Virtualization in Cloud Computing MAY, 2016 Ahmed Essam, Ahmed Khalifa and Anas Ibrahim
26,30,64 Communications and Electronics Department Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria
University Abstract – Cloud computing is a type of computing that relies on sharing a pool of
physical and/or virtual resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services), rather
than deploying local or personal hardware and software. This technology is mainly service oriented
and focuses on cost reduction, hardware reduction and pay just for service concept. Virtualization in
cloud computing is making a virtual image of the storage devices servers or network resources so
that they can be used on multiple machines at the same time. I. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing
means on demand delivery of IT resources via the internet with pay–as–you–go pricing. Cloud
computing is a virtualization based technology that reduces the cost of IT infrastructure. It provides
a solution of IT infrastructure at low cost. It also focuses on maximizing the effectiveness of the
shared resources. Cloud resources are usually not only shared by multiple users but are also
dynamically reallocated per demand. A cloud service has three distinct characteristics that
differentiate it from traditional hosting. It is sold on demand, it is scalable and the service is fully
managed by the provider. Significant innovations in virtualization and distributed computing, as
well as improved access to high–speed Internet and

Virtualization And Virtualization For Virtual Machine
Topic: – 1 Virtualization Virtualization could be a sort of code that is that the illusion of a regular
machine. That is termed as Virtual machine (VM). During this virtual machine we will install totally
different operative systems like UNIX, windows, Ubuntu. This machine have well–supported while
not hardware during this machine. Virtualization is worked by virtual machine (VM). Virtual
machine works severally. It even have nice profit that it may be rapt from one physical server to a
different physical server whereas operative through the method "live migration". It additionally runs
several times in one server. The host software package runs the virtualization code through Oracle's
virtual box on windows. initial and first put in software package is Host software package. The host
software package is counting on a virtualization's platforms, like Hyper–v or ESX, VMware server
or Virtual severe. In VMware or virtual server the host software package is "whatever software
package those applications square measure put in into. The guest software package could be a
virtual machine system that is functioning underneath the host software package. The guest software
package in its own platform. Number system Number system is calculated by tens. For instance –
103 is one thousand, 106 is a million. Computers square measure count by 2 main switches as a
result of it have several swithes and conduct lines. Thus on or off square measure 2 main switches or
keys. Number System

The Optimization Of Cloud Computing Essay
With the increasing number of users of cloud, the load/ traffic also increases and it becomes
important to have some techniques to balance the load equally among all the nodes, so that the user
doesn't suffer and the services are delivered effectively and efficiently. Therefore the need for Load
Balancing algorithms arises. There are a number of techniques available for load balancing. In this
paper, different kinds of load balancing algorithms in cloud computing along with the challenges
and the qualitative metrics for the various load balancing algorithms are presented.
Keywords: Load balancing, dynamic and static algorithms, Virtual Servers.
1. Introduction The definition of Cloud Computing as issued by the U.S. National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) September, 2011 is: "Cloud computing is a model for enabling
ubiquitous, convenient, on–demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This
cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four
deployment models." Cloud computing is a type of Internet–based computing that provides shared
computer processing resources and data to computers and other devices on demand. It provides an
easy and flexible way of storing, retrieving huge data without bothering about the resources. With

Application Virtualization For A Virtual Machine Monitor (...
1. Introduction
Virtualization is a term used to describe technology that uses abstraction to instruct a guest
operating system, data storage, or network device to use underlying shared hardware or software as
described by Pearce et al. [1]. Abstraction is managed at a software layer known as a virtual
machine monitor (VMM) or hypervisor. The VMM or hypervisor emulates hardware to guest
operating systems and applications, which includes core processor unit (CPU), memory,
input/output (I/O), and network traffic [1, pp.2]. There are different areas of virtualization, which
include server virtualization, application virtualization, network virtualization, storage
virtualization, and desktop virtualization [1, pp.8]. The branching out of virtualization into different
areas displays the rapid growth of this technology.
The VMM and hypervisor software layer provides security challenges that should be addressed in
order to protect resources and data within virtualization. For example, this additional layer of
technology opens up new paths which an attacker can use to break into and interrupt a system or
network. The VMM can also be a single point of failure in a virtualized environment [1, pp. 33]. If
the VMM is compromised, then the virtual environment managed by the VMM could be
compromised as well.
The primary focus of this literature review will be physical hosts, which are VMMs and hypervisors
managing a virtualization environment. The Important Ideas section will

Software Applications And Hardware Systems
Businesses can avoid costs of purchasing and installing software applications and hardware systems.
In other words, cloud computing turns fixed costs into variable costs. Business operations are more
flexible due to the use of cloud computing. Companies can save funds that were used previously to
outsource teams to maintain routine information technology operations, data storage and backup.
Now companies can focus on core operations and hire more workers in the fields of design and
development. Google Docs is an example of cloud computing allowing several users to work
together on a single document in real–time. Virtualization has reduced the overall equipment
footprint of a company's data center. This means, fewer servers, less networking equipment, hence
less physical space needed. Virtualization creates a virtual version of an operating system.
Virtualizing servers reduces physical hardware further reducing generation heat in the data center
hence solving many issues. Many businesses have considered IT's intensive enterprise and installed
latest technologies to meet today's and future customer requirements. Intel Virtualization
Technology is the biggest advancement of enterprise information technology. Intel closely works
with other softwares like VMware, XENSource, Parallels, tenAsys, VirtualIron, RedHat, Novell and
other VMM developers (Burger, 2012). With the arrival of virtualization, it is not uncommon to
accomplish 10:1 virtual to physical machine consolidation. The

Increasing Data Center Efficiency By Reallocation Of...
Increasing Data Center Efficiency By Reallocation of Virtual Machines Dynamically Abstract
Present operating system virtualization skill allows the live migration of virtual servers between
physical hosts after the primary consolidation. This provides latest avenue for performance
optimization. The paper aims on improving the data centers efficiency by dynamic reallocation ie.in
response to demand changes of virtual machines between physical servers. It allows to estimate the
reduction in the number of physical servers required to host the workload. Keywords: Live
Migration, Operating system virtualization, dynamic reallocation. Introduction Traditional data
centers consist of a large number of physical machines, each executing a single instance of an
operating system. For example, a certain group of servers supports email function and executes
Linux with an appropriate set of programs for email handling. Another group of servers may run
Windows providing access for remote users to office applications. Installing new application usually
means purchasing a new physical server and installing a new instance of an operating system and
the application. Capacity of the servers needs to be planned to handle peak loads of applications
resulting in a relatively low utilization leading to wasteful power consumption and maintenance
costs. A popular way of addressing this problem is server consolidation. It is an optimization
approach that leverages technique called operating

Private Cloud Using Open Source Operating System Ubuntu...
Private Cloud using Eucalyptus in University Kanchan Bhagtani(kanchanbhagtani21@gamil.com)
Saloni Dhanotiya(salonidhanotiya19@gmail.com) Neha Paliwal(neha72240@gmail.com)
Department Of CSE Mandsaur University,Mandsaur(M.P) Abstract Cloud computing is bringing a
revolution in computing environment replacing traditional software installations, licensing issues
into complete on–demand services through internet. Microsoft office 365 a cloud based office
application is available to clients online hence no need to buy and install the software. On Facebook
a social networking website, users upload videos which uses cloud provider‟s storage service so less
hardware cost for clients.Virtualization technology has great contribution in advent of cloud
computing. Paper describes implementation of Private Cloud using open source operating system
Ubuntu 10.04 server edition, installation of Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud with Eucalyptus 1.6.2 and
providing CentOS 5.3 operating system through cloud. Keywords: Cloud computing, Virtualization,
Hypervisor, Eucalyptus 1. Introduction Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous (present
everywhere), convenient, on–demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services that can be rapidly provisioned
and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction [1]. Types of Cloud
computing models are Public cloud, Private cloud and Hybrid

What Is Deploying A Virtual Machine?
Task 3 Short Description of Task Deploying a virtual machine from a template. Long Description of
Task A new virtual machine will be deployed from a template that has been prepared before. This
procedure will save time and simplify the creation of virtual machines as new virtual machines have
already configured with the virtual hardware, installed software, and other properties contained in a
template. Pre–Implementation Test Plan Ensure that all servers for infrastructure are running.
Ensure that a template is created and customization specification exists. Implementation Plan Open
a web browser on the client machine and type https://IP–address (or hostname of VCSA):
9443/vsphere–client in the address bar. Enter user credentials ... Show more content on
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Right–click on the machine, chose power on and then open the console to make sure that the
machine is running without any issues. Backout Plan Open vSphere Web Client. Open Home menu
and select vCenter – VMs and Templates – Datacenter_name – VM_folder and expand the folder
pane that was used for the VM. Right–click the VM and choose All vCenter Actions – Delete from
Disk. Click Yes. Check the Recent Tasks pane for completion. Task 4 Short Description of Task
Creating a high availability cluster. Long Description of Task By using vSphere Web Client, create a
new high availability cluster that enables ESXi hosts to work together and provide the high level of
availability for virtual machines. That procedure will able to add hosts in the cluster and allow to
minimize the amount of downtime when system components will fail. Pre–Implementation Test
Plan Ensure that all servers for infrastructure are running. Hosts have access to the same storage
location. Hosts have identical virtual network configuration. All hosts can resolve each other by
using DNS names. Implementation Plan Open a web browser on the client machine and type
https://IP–address (or hostname of VCSA): 9443/vsphere–client in the address bar. Enter user
credentials for vSphere Web Client connection to vCenter Server with permission to create vSphere
HA clusters. Click Login button. Click Home menu. Select vCenter – Hosts and Clusters.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Virtualization
Virtualization
What is virtualization?
It is the creation of a virtual version of something. Which includes:
Computer hardware platforms
Operating systems
Storage devices
Computer network resources
It is the creation of a virtual version of a device or resource. It gives a virtual view computing
resources. Its allows you to turn one server into several hosts.
Brief History of Virtualization
When you think about the term Virtualization, the company VMWare most likely will come to
mind. In fact, you may not realise that it actually started back in the early 1960's. it was pioneered
by companies like General Electric, Bell labs, and International Business Machines (IBM).
Back in the 1960's IBM had many different types of systems, each ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It involves embedding virtual machine software into the component of a server. It's most commonly
known as hypervisor and virtual monitor are the most common.
It is a rapidly growing technology that is getting popular in server platforms. The simple idea is
putting several small physical servers into one large physical server so the processor can run
effectively.
The hypervisor controls the processor, memory and other components. The hypervisor allows
several different operating systems to run at once on the same machine. The OS running will appear
to have its own processor, memory and other components.
Desktop Virtualization This often is called client virtualization. It is considered a type of client–
server computing model which the virtual desktop is stored on a centralized server and not on the
machine being used.
You interact with a virtual desktop in the same way you would with a real computer. A big plus is
you can remotely log in to access your desktop from any location
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure is a popular

Virtual Machine Intrusions
The technique can detect DDoS attacks as well and blocking complete botnets (Amna Riaz 2017).
However, NIDS is going to face issues processing all packets in large virtual network and it may fail
to detect attacks in time as SNORT is single threaded.
Another solution that has been studied is Virtual Machine Introspection (VMI) based technique
(Amna Riaz 2017). Virtual machine introspection (VMI) is the main idea behind out–of–box
intrusion detection. VMI is a technique of inspecting VM state by moving the inspection module
outside of the VM. The software running inside the guest system is analysed externally to detect any
intrusion. One advantage of this technique is that malware detection continues to work unaffectedly
even in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, on the brighter side a NIDS has high attack resistance ().
Being SNORT as a single threaded, processing huge logs for the cloud computing is an issue so
multi thread IDS is essential in the cloud computing (Parag K. Shelke 2012, p. 68). SURICATA is
multi–threaded and could resolve the performance issues and packet loss we face with the single
thread IDS.
Virtualization has made network management more challenging, and it's more and more difficult to
consistently apply firewall and content filtering policies. When you add in complexities such as
securing BYOD devices, the security problem is intensified. Software–defined networking (SDN) is
next evolving technology for the cloud computing. SDN is an umbrella term covering several kinds
of network technology aimed at making the network as agile and flexible as the virtualized server
and storage infrastructure of the modern data center. The SDN Controller provides a centralized
system to manage the network. The network administrators are empowered by SDN to easily access
and manage individual flows by facilitating them to implement monitoring applications, i.e.,
firewall and IDS. Furthermore, scalable monitoring and dynamic reconfiguration requirements of
the network in cloud makes SDN a perfect choice (Amna Riaz 2017).
Using OSSEC and BRO as IDS tools can also help to resolve analysing and integrating the log files
as OSSEC has a powerful

Cloud Computing Essay
Abstract– In the age of large data and the large number of users around the world, cloud computing
has emerged as a new era of computing. Cloud consists of a datacenter which in turn consists of
several physical machines. Each machine is shared by many users and virtual machines are used to
use these physical machines. With a large number of datacenters and each datacenter having a large
number of physical machines. The VM allocation becomes an NP–Hard problem. Thus, the VM
allocation, the VM migration becomes a trivial task. In this article, a survey is carried out on cloud
computing in energy cloud, based on scalable algorithms. To solve NP–Hard problems, there are
two ways to either give an exact solution or to provide an approximation. ... Show more content on
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It provides high satisfaction to the users. Load balancing is a relatively new technique that provides
high resource utilization and better response time. [3] Cloud computing provide many advantages to
the users. Increasing cloud computing has resulted in ever–increasing energy consumption and
therefore overwhelming electricity bills for data centers. According to Amazon estimates, the energy
costs of its data centers account for 42% of total operating costs. In addition, the ever–increasing
energy consumption can lead to a dramatic increase in carbon dioxide emissions. So it is desirable to
make every effort to reduce energy consumption in cloud computing. Consolidation of servers using
visualization technology has become an important technology for improving the energy efficiency
of data centers [1]. Placement of the virtual machine (VM) is the key to consolidating the server. In
recent years, many approaches have been proposed with respect to various VM placement problems.
1.1 Cloud computing consist of several characteristics: [5][6]
On demand service– Cloud computing provide services to users on their demand .Users can access
the services as they want.
Broad Network Access– In cloud computing capabilities are available over the network. All the
capabilities are accessed through different mechanisms.
Resource Pooling– Different models are used to pooled the resources which provide by the
providers to their consumers.

Evaluation Of Linux Containers ( Lxc )
Linux Assignment 2015 Evaluation of Linux Containers What is a Linux Container? The Linux
Containers (LXC) feature is a lightweight virtualization mechanism that does not require you to set
up a virtual machine on an emulation of physical hardware. (Oracle, 2015) Linux–based containers
are emerging cloud technologies based on fast and lightweight process virtualization. It offers users
an environment near identical performance to a standard Linux distribution, as opposed to para–
virtualization solutions (Xen) and other hardware virtualization solutions such as KVM. It is not
necessary for a Linux– container to create a new operating system kernel for each new instance.
Because containers are lighter weight than VMs, it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Advantageous and disadvantageous of Oracles Virtual boxes Advantageous Disadvantages Every
Desktop user can utilize the same image Doesn't share the hosts kernel Hardware can be easily
managed Slow boot time Reduced management and support costs Heavyweight. Require full image
of the OS to get resource and security isolation When there is a problem, generally just 1 system to
troubleshoot Consumes more memory and more disk that the actual application it hosts Testing
software Portable Free, but users must have bought server 2008 or 12 Available on all platforms
(Oracle, 2015) (Logan Harbaugh, (2012) the Pros and Cons of Using Virtual Desktop Infrastructure)
The features of containers depend highly on how much the container have been configured and on
which Linux–based container is currently being used, as Linux–based containers will be
implemented differently in projects. (Rami Rosen, (2012), Linux Containers and the Future Cloud
2014 Page 2) A user may create a container by using ready–made templates. In lxc–0.9, there are 11
such templates, mainly for the most commonly used Linux distributions. These may be modified to
accommodate the needed requirements. (Rami Rosen, (2014). Linux Containers

Questions On Types Of Virtualisation Systems
UWS PAISLEY
Virtualisation Coursework 2
Comprising Of Two Virtualized Systems
Allan Hill
B00258481
Contents
Introduction 2
Virtualisation 2
Virtual Machines 2
Hypervisor 3
Hyper–V 3
KVM 3
Advantages/Disadvantages of KVM and Hyper–V 4
KVM Advantages 4
Hyper–V Advantages 4
KVM Disadvantages 5
Hyper–V Disadvantages 5
Introduction
The second piece of coursework for virtualization is to thoroughly examine two types of
virtualisation systems. The chosen virtualised systems will be selected from the ones that were
taught by guest lecturers at the end of semester one. Each virtualised system will be looked at
extensively covering their features; along with their advantages and disadvantages. Nowadays
virtualisation systems have become very popular, meaning there is completion grown in the
virtualisation market. Two examples of popular virtualised systems are Microsoft 'Hyper–V which
was introduced as part of Windows Server 2008, and KVM the kernel–based virtual machine that
turns Linux into a hypervisor. Within this report both 'KVM' and 'Hyper–V' will be explained and
compared; as well as pointing out their good aspects and their flaws.
Virtualisation
When we use the word 'virtualisation' we are referring to the act of creating a virtual version of

technologies found in the world of computing. Technologies such as, operating systems, servers or a
storage device. Virtualisation is a tactical and highly effective way of lowering IT cost while at the
same time

The Theory And Application Of A Virtual Machine
This paper battles that the working structure and applications in a matter of moments running on a
true blue machine should move into a virtual machine. This structure licenses associations to be
another underneath the working framework and to do thusly while not trusting or acclimating the
working framework or applications. To exhibit the method for this structure, we have a tendency to
delineate three associations that good position of it: secure work, obstruction check and territory,
and surroundings development. The memory association style inside of the substance of conforming
advancement qualities. Our present model of memory association, PC memory, was laid out more
than three decades back once memory was rich and quickly offer. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
shockingly, that measure of RAM isn 't sufficient to run the greater part of the endeavours that all
clients plan to run especially. A substantial case, on the off chance that you stack the OS, an email
program, a web undertaking and applications program into RAM in the interim, 32 megabytes isn 't
satisfactory to go on it all. On the off chance that there have been no such issue as virtual
stockpiling, then once you stuffed up the open RAM your pc would found the opportunity to say,
"Excessively horrible, you 'll have the capacity, making it impossible to not stack any more
applications. You ought to close another application to load a substitution one." With virtual
stockpiling, what the pc will do is examination RAM for locales that haven 't been utilized
beginning late and copy them onto the hard circle. This affirms range in RAM to stack the new
application. There are three focal parts to running a virtual machine: CPU RAM Plate Space While
there are unmistakable key needs like the structure interface card (NIC), CD/DVD drive, and
highlight card those fragments aren 't should have been be made to make a virtual machine. This
post can put critical vitality in the RAM part and an amazing measure of particularly, virtual
stockpiling (vRAM). Different individuals use PCs on an ordinary. regardless of the way that we
have a tendency to utilize it for two or three particularly stunning breaking points in different
unmistakable courses in which, we have

Enhancing Data Center Performance On A Cloud Environment...
Enhancing Data Center Performance in Multigeneous Cloud Environment through Virtual Machine
Consolidation
Kiran M. Jha, Prof. Sanjay Patel
M.E. Scholar, Department. Of Computer Engineering, LDRP ITR Campus, Gujarat, India
kiranmjha@yahoo.com Associate Professor, Department. Of Computer Engineering, LDRP ITR
Campus, Gujarat, India sanjaypatel54@gmail.com Abstract: In field of computer to get along with
advancement on a work based payment model cloud computing is new change. With canonical
advancement in data centres there is swift increase in energy consumption, cost of work and overall
post effluent effect on atmosphere of carbon emission and other Gases which are poisonous.
To cut down energy utility it is mandatory to join the other workloads. This piece of article is
efficiently able to explain how with great efficiency heterogeneous workloads can be managed and s
ale for standardization is Single threshold technique. Concentric attention in this technique is that
results explains how this method is well–efficient for the data centres to join the multigeneous
workloads and energy is consumed by varied data centres due to heterogeneous applications and
finds out SLA violations with QOS.
Keywords: Data Center, QOS, SLA, Consolidate, Workload, Energy Efficiency, Threshold Value,
Multigeneous.
1. Introduction
In 1961 John McCarthy introduced novel technique of cloud computing .Cloud computing instead
of supplying product provides varied services such as infrastructure,

Virtualization Technology For Cloud Computing Essay
Virtualization Technology in Cloud Computing Environment Dr. Rajender Nath1, Nidhi2* 1
Professor and Chairperson, Department of Computer Science and Applications, Kurukshetra
University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. 2 Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and
Applications, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. Abstract–– In internet era, cloud
computing is one of a biggest technology in human hand. Cloud computing helps to overcome the
problems of data loss, accessing data whenever needed and data security. Cloud computing mainly
service oriented and it concentrate on reducing cost, hardware and pay just for service concept. In
addition to share the data one of the important technology in the cloud computing is virtualization.
Mainly it is used to maintain the collection IT resources which are used by the cloud providers. The
main goal of the virtualization is providing ability to run the multiple operating systems on a single
machine buy sharing all the resources that belong to the hard ware. In this paper our main aim is to
provide the basic knowledge about the virtualization technology in cloud computing and how it acts
in the cloud computing environment. Keyword–– Virtualization, Traditional servers, virtual servers,
effects of virtualization, cloud computing architecture. I. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing is one
of the most useful technology that is been widely used all over the world. It generally provides on
demand IT services and

Server Virtualization And Software Virtualization
Server Virtualization Abstract: During past thirty years, the term concept of server virtualization has
invoked in order to allow the large expensive main frame servers to be used and shared among the
different application layered environments from various geographical locations. "Server
Virtualization is a process of portioning the single main server into several server partitions". In
clear terms to state, main server is being used as many number of cloned severs where maximum
programmers/users can access that cloned server in their work area location locally satisfying the
user requirements reducing the cost effectiveness. Availability of hardware in market made
virtualization concept to fade away. In modern era, virtualization at the different levels alike
network, storage and system has gained much more importance in terms of improving the system
security, reliability and availability. Server Virtualization is a gate way for the organization in order
to reduce their cost efficiency compared to any other modern technologies. Concept of Server
virtualization is the most effective and desired method of executing and to make run on the different
virtual operating systems which are collectively used on single physical layer which would be
maximizing the cost investment on hardware. Gordon Moore discoverer of the Moore's law which is
the computing theory which was originated in around 1970's .In his law he has straight forwardly
specified in his law that "In overall

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