The basics of computer networking

1. The Basics of Computer Networking
UNIT II
FYBMM
Prof Arti Gavas

2. The Computer Network
The greatest advancement in technology and communication over
the past 20 years has been the development and advancement of
the computer network. From emailing a friend to on-line bill
paying to downloading data off the Internet to e-commerce,
networking has made our world much smaller and changed the
way we communicate forever.

3. The Computer Network
What is a Computer Network
net·work: [net-wurk] – noun, a system containing any
combination of computers, computer terminals, printers,
audio or visual display devices, or telephones
interconnected by telecommunication equipment or
cables: used to transmit or receive information.

4. The Network Diagram
(Click on the Words Below and Learn More About Each Component)
The Internet
Other LANS
Firewall
Router
Fiber Optic Network Cable
Server
PC
Wireless Network
Wired Network
Switch

5.  LAN: Local Area Network
 WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network
 WAN: Wide Area Network
 MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
 SAN: Storage Area Network
 CAN: Campus Area Network
 PAN: Personal Area Network
 DAN: Desk Area Network
The Types of Networks

6. The Types of Networks : LAN

7. Local Area Network
• A Local Area Network spans a relatively small area
• LAN are usually confined to one building or a group of
buildings
• Data travel between network devices via network cables.
• The most common type of Local Area Network is called
Ethernet

8. The Types of Networks : WAN

9. Wide Area Network
• A Wide Area Network exist over a large area
• Data travels through telephone or cable lines
• Usually requires a Modem
• The world’s largest Wide Area Network in the Internet

10. The Types of Networks : MAN

11. Star Ring
Network Topologies
Network Topology refers to the shape of a network, or the
network's layout.
How different nodes in a network are connected to each
other and how they communicate are determined by the
network's topology.
There are four basic topologies:
1) Star Topology
2) Ring Topology
3) Bus Topology
4) Mesh Toplogy
Bus
Mesh

12. Star Topology
• All devices are connected to a central hub.
• Nodes communicate across the network by passing data
through the hub or switch.

13. Ring Topology
• All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a
closed loop.
• Each device is connected directly to two other devices, one
on either side of it.

14. Bus Topology
• All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or
backbone.
• There are terminators at each end of the bus that stops the signal and
keeps it from traveling backwards.

15. Mesh Topology
• All devices are connected to each other device.
• It is a collection of cross-connect links to create an interconnected
electronic pathway for the transmission between two or more
computers.

16. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
• FILE SHARING
• Sharing of remote file access’
• Saves time which is wasted in copying a file from one system
to another.
• Many people can access or update at a time.

17. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
• RESOURCE SHARING
• Computer network provides a cheaper option by provision of
resource sharing.
• Ex. One printer in network

18. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
• INCREASED STORAGE CAPACITY
• A standalone computer might fall short of storage capacity,
but when many computers are on network, memory of
different computers can be used in such case.

19. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
• INCREASED COST EFFICIENCY
• A costly software can be stored or installed on one system or
server and can be used by different workstations.

20. DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
• SECURITY ISSUES
• RAPID SPREAD OF COMPUTER VIRUSES
• EXPENSIVE SETUPS
• DEPENDANCY ON MAIN FILE SERVERS

21. Thank You!