Iron is a mineral that the body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, and myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles. Your body also needs iron to make some hormones.

1. Iron

2. INTRODUCTION
• The total iron content of the normal adult man is estimated to
be about 4-5g.
• About 70%heme proteins or enzymes such as heme of which
 is present in the body as hemoglobin .
• It is the constituent of several heme proteins or enzymes such as
mitochondrial cytochromes ,microsomal cytochyrome ,catalyze,
peroxidase,succinic dehydrogenase, xanthine oxidase etc .
• About 5% of iron is present in myoglobin certain other heme
proteins contain non heme iron extransferrin
,ferritin,hemosiderin.

3. Dietary sources :
 There are two types of iron heme and non heme
 Heme iron :liver and other organs meats ,poultry, fish ,
shellfish.
 Non heme iron : dried beans ,peas,legumes,nuts,seeds
,whole grains, green leafy vegetaables.

4. DAILY REQUIREMENTS
 Male :10mg/day
 Female :15mg/day
 Extra iron is stored in liver bonemarrow, spleen,
muscles

5. Functions
 Hemoglobin and myoglobin contains ferrous iron and
essential for carrying oxygen to different tissues.
 Cytochromes and certain non heme proteins are necessary
for electron transport chain and oxidative
phosphophorylation .
 Peroxidase the lysosomal enzyme is required for
phagocytosis and killing of bacteria by neutrophils.

6.  It is included in the synthesis of DNA.
 It also plays vital role in immune function .
 It is necessary component in brain development and
function.
 It is needed to synthesize certain neurotransmitter such as
serotonin ,dopamine ,norpinephrine, and collagen.
 It regulates cell growth and differentiation.
 It is involved in proper functioning of liver and protection
against the action of free radicals.

7. DEFICIENCY
 Iron deficiency leads to anemia –reduced blood
hemoglobin level which results in diminshed oxygen
carrying power of the blood.

8. SYMPTOMS
 Fatigue ,weakness, irritability, swollen tongue.
 Rapid heart beat.
 Suspectability to infection.
 Lack pale color of skin and mucus membranes.
 Dizziness.
 Enlarged spleen .
 Sensitivity to cold.
 Hemmorage .

9. REFERENCE
 Fundamentals of biochemistry
 A.C DEB

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