This document discusses the proper use of demonstrative pronouns in English. It explains that "this" and "these" refer to objects close to the speaker in space or time, while "that" and "those" refer to objects farther away. It provides examples of sentences using each demonstrative pronoun correctly. The document concludes that learning the basic rules about whether a pronoun is singular or plural, and whether it refers to something near or far, will help one to correctly use demonstrative pronouns.

1. This is ridiculous. (This refers to an object or event close to the speaker.)
That is ridiculous. (That refers to an object or event farther away in space or
time.)
These are ridiculous. (These refer to objects close to the speaker.)
Those are ridiculous. (Those refer to objects farther away in space and time.)
I really like this.
This smells heavenly.
That costs way too much money.
I heard that.
These look perfect.
I’ll buy these.
Those belong over there.
I own those.
These are nicer than those.
Is this yours?
Did you see that?
That is one way to do it.
Is that right?
That is incorrect.
I wanted that. (Here that is used as a demonstrative pronoun that stands alone.)
That cake tastes awesome. (In this case that is used as a demonstrative adjective
that qualifies the noun cake.)
In some cases demonstrative pronouns can refer to people if the person is
identified.
Is that Jim?
This is Jack speaking.
Remember, when using demonstrative pronouns they do not qualify a noun. They
stand alone. Other points to remember are this and that are singular and refer to
something near to the speaker in time and place. These and those are plural

2. referring to things farther away in time and space. Learning these simple rules will
help you use demonstrative pronouns correctly.