1 Health Care Disparity Black Americans Hispanics/Latinos Demographics 45.7 million, which is 14.3% of USA population. 15% of the USA population Cultural Norms Strong kinship bonds, strong work orientation, strong religious orientation, take care of their own, seniors are highly respected, don’t like to admit they need help, poverty impacts education, self-esteem, quality of life and life style across. Strong family ties, strong church and community orientation, male dominance, age dominance, negative view on asking for help, take care of their own majority are roman catholic, distrust of government, modesty is important and very proud of heritage Religious and Spiritual Beliefs Have strong religious affiliation with Christian denominations and also Islam. Have strong belief in the spirit world. Majority are roman CatholicsS Primary Insurance Coverage Most of them are not insured, but the affordable care act provision target at improving provisions that will highly improve their lives. Six in ten Hispanic adults in USA lack health insurance. Education 17% have attained bachelor’s degree 11% have attained bachelor’s degree Medical Conditions They reside at disadvantaged neighborhoods with increased risks for health disparities. Obesity in children is enormous More than a quarter of its population lack usual health care provider. Hispanic adults have a low prevalence for many chronic diseases and a high prevalence for diabetes. Outreach Foundation of African American outreach program to provide assistance to Africa-Americans Action plan to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities Introduction The health of a population is influenced by both its social and its economic circumstances and health care services it receives. The health care services provided to Hispanics and black in United States of America is low. Throughout the years we have seen advancements in the health care quality received by ethnic minorities groups. But there is still a large gap when comparing minorities with their white counterparts (Vicini, 2015). This has affected the two groups which have low income families and experience poor quality care. Hispanic and blacks are less likely to have a high school education. Disparities in quality of care are common among the blacks and Hispanics in USA. For instance adults of 65 years and above receive worse care than adults with 18-44 years. Poor people have worse access to care than the high income people (Lee et al., 2003). Healthcare Disparities between the Blacks and the Latinos in USA The healthcare insurance status for the blacks and Latinos is low and as a result it forms barriers to access to quality health care utilization. Language barriers in health care are associated with decrease in quality of care, safety, patient and clinical satisfaction and contribute to health disparities even among people with insurance. Statistics have shown when comparing blacks and Latinos to their whi ...

1. 1
Health Care Disparity
Black Americans
Hispanics/Latinos
Demographics
45.7 million, which is 14.3% of USA population.
15% of the USA population
Cultural Norms
Strong kinship bonds, strong work orientation, strong religious
orientation, take care of their own, seniors are highly respected,
don’t like to admit they need help, poverty impacts education,
self-esteem, quality of life and life style across.
Strong family ties, strong church and community orientation,
male dominance, age dominance, negative view on asking for
help, take care of their own majority are roman catholic,
distrust of government, modesty is important and very proud of
heritage
Religious and Spiritual Beliefs
Have strong religious affiliation with Christian denominations
and also Islam.
Have strong belief in the spirit world. Majority are roman
CatholicsS
Primary Insurance Coverage
Most of them are not insured, but the affordable care act
provision target at improving provisions that will highly
improve their lives.
Six in ten Hispanic adults in USA lack health insurance.
Education
17% have attained bachelor’s degree

2. 11% have attained bachelor’s degree
Medical Conditions
They reside at disadvantaged neighborhoods with increased
risks for health disparities. Obesity in children
is enormous
More than a quarter of its population lack usual health care
provider. Hispanic adults have a low prevalence for many
chronic diseases and a high prevalence for diabetes.
Outreach
Foundation of African American outreach program to provide
assistance to Africa-Americans
Action plan to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities
Introduction
The health of a population is influenced by both its social and
its economic circumstances and health care services it receives.
The health care services provided to Hispanics and black in
United States of America is low. Throughout the years we have
seen advancements in the health care quality received by ethnic
minorities groups. But there is still a large gap when comparing
minorities with their white counterparts (Vicini, 2015). This has
affected the two groups which have low income families and
experience poor quality care. Hispanic and blacks are less likely
to have a high school education. Disparities in quality of care
are common among the blacks and Hispanics in USA. For
instance adults of 65 years and above receive worse care than
adults with 18-44 years. Poor people have worse access to care
than the high income people (Lee et al., 2003).
Healthcare Disparities between the Blacks and the Latinos in
USA
The healthcare insurance status for the blacks and Latinos is
low and as a result it forms barriers to access to quality health
care utilization. Language barriers in health care are associated
with decrease in quality of care, safety, patient and clinical

3. satisfaction and contribute to health disparities even among
people with insurance. Statistics have shown when comparing
blacks and Latinos to their white counterparts, the minority
groups will more likely be uninsured. Most Americans as a
whole attain high school diploma while between 25 and
75percent continue to postsecondary institutions. Hispanics are
among the least educated ethnic group according to U.S Census
Bureau. For instance, in year 2000, about 530,000 Latinos 16-
19 years of age were high school dropouts (Vicini, 2015).
In regards to education status 11 percent of Hispanics more than
an high school diploma, as compared to 17 percent of blacks. If
we look at where these individuals were born, the ones that
immigrated to the United States have a lower education level.
This is due to the the language barrier which creates difficulties
with communication. Education attainment so such determines
people’s employment and earnings which are a measure of labor
market success. Given the low level of education in both
Latinos and black Americans, the level of employment is low.
However, the blacks lag behind the Hispanics when it comes to
employment rates (Smedley et al., 2003).
Roles of Health Professionals
Health care professionals can increase trust in the minority
ethnic groups in USA by addressing the factors bringing about
disparities. By expanding the ACA coverage, people are
provided an opportunity to increase health coverage and access
to care for uninsured blacks and Latinos. Given that the
uninsured are mostly the low-income earners, majority of them
would qualify for ACA coverage expansions. The health care
professionals can influence the state’s decision by advising
them on the need to implement the ACA Medicaid expansion. If
not the poor uninsured adults will continue to lack quality
medical care (Lee et al., 2003).

4. The health care, along with the public health policies and
activities by health care professionals should be observed and
reviewed to eliminate disparities. These policies should be
carefully carried out by informing the population since focused
health care and public health efforts to reduce disparities can be
very effective. In order to see improvement in the society’s
health care system. We need to first work on our underserved
population and then the less fortunate ethnic groups. By
adopting partnership and intersectional policy development,
health disparities can be resolved to the maximum possible
extent (Sehgal, 2008; Williams, 2011).
The professionals at the health sectors can also increase trust
among individuals in both Blacks and Latinos society by
monitoring the health care services. This would ensure that
improvements extends to lower and smaller ethnic groups and
continue for extended periods. Reducing health care disparities
will achieve an overall improvement in the health of Americans
because the opportunities for gains will be increased. Health
professionals can also carry out health promotions strategies to
improve health by encouraging people to change their lifestyle
and behavior. The Blacks and the Latinos are likely to respond
effectively to antismoking and active lifestyle messages. This is
because they have the motivation, resources, social support, and
the environment to succeed (Smedley et al., 2003).
Values Adoption
In order to address challenges in the health care disparities we
need to look at the health care system as a whole and make the
required changes. Within the center of these systems are the
experts that make changes when they are needed. These
professionals should provide patient centered care where they
identify, respect, and care about patient’s differences, values
preferences and express needs. For instance they should work
towards healing, relieving pain and suffering. Through

5. coordinating continuous care, they listen to, clearly inform,
communicate with and educate patients. Patients should
participate in decision making and management to ensure that
there is continuous advocacy of disease prevention, wellness
and promotion of healthy lifestyle (Sehgal, 2008).
Health care professional should employ evidence-based
practices which integrates best research with clinical expertise
and patient values for optimum care. They should also
participate in learning and research activities to the extent
feasible. Through research, these professionals identify errors
and hazards in care and consequently, understand and
implement basic safety design principles. For instance, through
standardization and simplification it is possible to design and
test interventions to change processes and systems of care with
objective of improving quality (Williams, 2011).
Conclusion
Utilization of informatics is very in key in mitigating
challenges faced by Blacks and Latinos in United States of
America. This is enabled through communicating, managing
knowledge, mitigating error, and support decision making using
information technology. Interventions to target to specific
patient populations in Blacks and Latinos society are also
important. This has greater impact on quality improvement and
cost containment than broader approaches. For instance,
targeting treatments to the appropriate patients is increasingly
important in medical science and particularly important to
promote quality and value (Williams, 2011).
References
Lee, C., Cumber, S., Dumas, C., Winter, R., Nguyen, K.N., &
Nieman, L.Z. (2003). Health related quality of life in
pregeriatric patients with chronic diseases at urban, public

6. supported clinics. Health & Quality of Life Outcomes, 1(2003),
63-8
Sehgal, A.R. (2008, June 17). Eliminating Healthcare
Disparities in America: Beyond the IOM Report. Annals of
Internal Medicine, 148(12), 972-972
Smedley, B.D., Stith, A.Y., Nelson, A.R., & Institute of
Medicine (U.S.). (2003). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial
and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, D.C: National
Academy Press
Vicini, A. (2015). Bioethics/Healthcare--Topic Session.
Catholic Theological Society of America Proceedings,
70(2015), 106-107
Williams, R.A. (2011). Healthcare disparities at the crossroads
with healthcare reform. New York: Springer
Healthcare Disparties
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Hamm, Larry F., Bonnie K. Sanderson, Philip A.
Ades, Kathy Berra, Leonard A. Kaminsky,
Jef f rey L. Roitman, and Mark A. Williams.
"Core Competencies f or Cardiac
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