3. WHAT IS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology is a way to find out the result
of a given problem on a specific matter or problem
that is also referred as research problem.
In Methodology, researcher uses different criteria for
solving/searching the given research problem.
Different sources use different type of methods for
solving the problem.
If we think about the word “Methodology”, it is the
way of searching or solving the research problem.
(Industrial Research Institute, 2010).
4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND
ITS IMPORTANCE
In Research Methodology, researcher always tries
to search the given question systematically in our
own way and find out all the answers till conclusion.
If research does not work systematically on
problem, there would be less possibility to find out
the final result.
For finding or exploring research questions, a
researcher faces lot of problems that can be
effectively resolved with using correct research
methodology (Industrial Research Institute, 2010).
9. DESIGN OF SAMPLING
9
Feedback from sampling,
analysis and interpretation
Select methods for sample preservation
Select methods for collecting samples
Select appropriate analytical method
Select number of samples
and time/frequency of sampling
Select determinands
and sampling positions
Definition of objectives
10. SAMPLING STRATEGY
Samples must be representative of;
• the bulk material (body) being sampled
• temporal variations
• spatial variations
Discrete (or Random/Grab) – does not account for
variation in spatial environment or time
Composite – pooled number of discrete samples
Systematic (or Grid/Transect) - a planned sampling
strategy to accomplish a specific objective
(Pseudo)Continuous – ongoing monitoring to e.g.
establish baseline values for the environment and/or
evaluate changes
11. METHODS & MATERIALS
Describe precisely how the experiments are
to be done.
Proper citations – record author(s), year,
journal title, volume, page numbers.
Are the experiments ‘DO-ABLE’ here in our
laboratories? Discuss with your supervisor!
List chemical requirements and place order
early!
12. WHY NEED PLANNING
Prepare a time-line for the project – Gantt
chart - must take into account holidays,
exams, writing-up, submission dates.
Very little time. so preparation must be
meticulous – there may not be time for repeat
experiments.
Experiments must be so designed such that
results can be presented either graphically or
tabulated and amenable for statistical
analyses
13. WHY NEED PLANNING (Cont..)
Implementation Issues:
A lot of assignments, lab reports, mini-projects, site visits,
quizzes and tests during semester;
Project Title not clear;
Project has ≥ 2 Objectives
Delays due to:
Broken Equipment
Strong Demand for Equipment
Missing Chemicals
Limited Access to Research Journals
Limited / no access to Company Data (Confidentiality)
Lab not open after working hours
Person not contactable.
