Web Filters

Web Filters
While at school, has there ever been a great idea for a project or an assignment by a student and they
can not wait to start on it at school before they lose their idea? Unlucky for them, their school has
web filters set up which inhibit them from finding any quality information on the internet other than
the basic, generic sites every other kid gets offered. This issue presents a common occurrence in
schools across America and it needs to receive termination all together. The use of the internet
persists as a freedom given to almost all Americans, but schools limit student's first amendment
rights by carrying out the use of web filters. The implication of web filters in schools is a major
controversial topic and it has been for many years. One of the reasons we have web filters set up
within schools in the first place comes from the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA). This act,
enacted in 2000, requires that K–12 schools use some form of internet filters as a way to protect
students from the potential harm of what they may come across on the internet. This ... Show more
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To find information on the controversial topic, a survey was mailed in April 2000 to a randomly
selected sample of participants from schools and public libraries that had used web filters in the
past. The purpose of the survey was to find out how effective web filters are at doing their
job(Curry). The results of the survey provided staggering evidence against the use web filters.
Almost 50% (43%) of the respondents voted that they felt somewhat dissatisfied or not at all
satisfied with the ability of the web filters to block potentially harmful sites. This shows that large
holes inhabitat the web filters and their ability to remove all the possible negativity from the internet
happens to remain very
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Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (CDA)
E–commerce Legal Protections
The use of the internet for e–commerce transactions is transforming the way people around the
globe purchase goods and services. While brick and mortar businesses struggle to keep their doors
open, businesses are responding by moving their goods and services online to reach the widest base
of consumers possible. In order to protect businesses and consumers, legal protections must be
created and enforced. Providing of overview of three of these protections along with proposing
solutions to enhance the protection of e–commerce transactions will show the necessity of these
legal protections.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
With internet usage increasing and reaching a wider audience every day, the number of ... Show
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This protection also provides guidelines and protection when the responsible party who registered a
domain name is not found by allowing the trademark or service mark owner to apply for "in rem"
action and have the violating domain names transferred to the trademark or service mark holder
(Rustad, 2013, p. 438).
All three laws mentioned above along with many others are aimed to give providers and users of
internet services protected against frivolous lawsuits and violations of rights. Without legislation
like this, use of the internet would be a lawless wild west fraught with crimes against end users and
companies alike. In order to continue to protect end users and providers, new laws and technologies
must be created to account for technological changes and improve existing protections.
Enhancing Internet Business

The Internet : The Dangers And Risks Of The Internet
The development and ubiquitous use of the internet has contributed to a global connection. The
internet has created new avenues of education, entertainment and communication. Technological
advancement has made it easier to access these services than at any point in history. The internet is
affordable and easily accessible on readily available devices. While the internet is a tool capable of
unparalleled advancements in a number of sectors, it has attracted certain unique risks. Its
widespread reach and the potential for anonymity have resulted in the development of internet–
associated challenges such as online fraud, the theft of personal information and various other
cybercrimes. The unrestricted nature of the internet has resulted in the ... Show more content on
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Parents are the key proponents of child protection on the internet. They have the obligation to
prevent their children from facing these risks. Parents can implement regulation on their children's
internet use. They can do this through discussion, sharing internet time, encouraging certain
activities and discouraging others. However, the constant evolution and development of the various
uses of the internet renders parents at a disadvantage. "Although parents' strategies for managing
children's use of the internet are emerging, so too are children's tactics for evading or resisting, with
this family game being further complicated by the fact that children often have more confidence and
expertise with new media than their parents" (Buckingham, 98). It is therefore important for them to
instil a culture of credible and safe internet use in their child, and for the parents to keep up with the
internet evolution.
It is not possible for parents alone to provide internet security for all children. Some developers have
created internet filters that protect children from adult–natured content. These filters are important in
reducing the risks children face by reducing their access to the risky websites. They are easily
accessible and provide parents with a tool to monitor their children's internet activity. However,
these filters are not fool proof. It is possible to work around them in order to access the forbidden
content, with quick explanations

Freedom of Speech vs. Censorship on the Internet
Freedom of Speech Vs. Censorship:
Children on the Internet
The internet is a very controversial communication device in today's society. If desired, one could
find information on nearly any topic they choose. Censorship and free speech is a widely discussed
topic when dealing with the current freedom of the internet especially when dealing with young
minds. Should the internet have censored topics which would be illegal to post and/or view freely by
children? Should the internet be a free–for–all arena in which anyone could do as they wish without
judgment of others opinions and views imposing on their own? So far in class and in the text Gift of
Fire by Sara Baase we have seen many issues dealing with Freedom of Speech and the internet. ...
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As a result of this and the international span of the internet, it is hard for the FCC to be an overseer
of the medium. Certain controversial laws have attempted to set in place regulations that censor
ethically and socially dubious materials from publication on the web. The topic that has been at the
forefront of debate deals with obscene materials. This is a heated topic because the definition of
obscenity is very vague and subject to interpretation. What is considered to be "obscene" can be
viewed very differently depending on ones personal morals, beliefs, and values. For example, a
parent who is highly religious and living in the United States may view nudity on cable television as
obscene and pornographic for their child to view, while a person with the same religious beliefs
living in Europe or another part of the world may just view this as art or entertainment. This is due
to the difference in societal views on obscenity.
To get to the root of what is considered obscene, a test for judging obscene material was set in the
case of Miller v. California. This modern test for obscenity consists of three parts: "(1) the
proscribed material must depict or describe sexual conduct in a patently offensive way, (2) the
conduct must be specifically described in the law, and (3) the work must,

Identify the Current Legislations, Guidelines, Policies...
Identify the current legislations, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of
children and young people including e–safety.
Many accounts of child abuse and neglect can be avoided in many cases if all the agencies involved
with children worked well together and were able to identify the signs that a child was at risk. Many
children have their development affected through the actions of abuse, neglect or bullying, the
majority of these events happen behind closed doors.
Policies and procedures for child protection and safeguarding children that are in place at settings
for children and young people are there because of legislation passed in parliament.
In 2000, an 8 year old girl called Victoria Climbiè was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
–Up to date training on safeguarding for all members of staff, governors and volunteers.
–Effective, regular risk assessments to check that the safeguard policy and plans are effective and
working
–All staff, volunteers who have regular unsupervised access to children under the age of 18, are to
have a CRB check (Criminal Record Bureau)
Another form of safeguarding that has been introduced as it has become more popular is E–safety.
Many children and young people have endless access to the internet or the use of a mobile phone.
The internet, mobile phones and even video games all have a number of benefits; however, they also
hold a great number of risks for children and young people.
In 2008, The Byron Review, by Dr Tanya Byron reported on the risks to children and young people
from the exposure to potentially harmful or inappropriate content on the internet, and issued
guidance on how they should be protected.
Because no–one can fully remove the bad stuff from the internet and make it completely safe, steps
are put in place to ensure that children and young people are somewhat safe whilst browsing:
–Blocking access to inappropriate or unsuitable sites.
–Limiting time spent on the computer/video game.
–Making children and young people of the dangers on the internet.
–Helping children and young people to know how to identify and recognise the dangers.
–Educating parents and cares about the risks and danger and how to handle them.

Risk Assessment Policy For Children
Risk assessment policy is important to ensure children are safe in the setting and any object or
materials that could cause harm are identified and dealt with. It also means that staff will risk assess
for any outings that will be made to ensure it is safe for the children. This links to the children Act
policy 1989n as it ensures children are effectively looked after and safe from harm in the setting or
when on an outing. It is the managers responsibility to ensure staff are completing risk assessments
prior to activities or outings so the nursery is a safe environment for the children in their care. " The
purpose of this policy is to ensure that any hazards associated with these are identified and removed
or minimised to an acceptable level

The Internet: A Free and Anonymous Place
With the advent of the World Wide Web, we have access to more information than we ever have
before. Whether our desire is for recipes, yesterday's sporting event, or even governmental
documents, we need only to perform a quick search and we will be presented with everything we
needed. But, with all of this new access to information, governments like China have cracked down
on their country's Internet access. We as US citizens have our access largely uncensored. As I
continued to research this topic, though, I found that the Internet is more censored and far less
anonymous than we think.
When people hear the word "censorship," it generally incites feelings of dread and Orwellian
control. Though this is sometimes true, it is not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is estimated that the "searchable" web makes up only a small portion of the entire Internet, so
what everyday users see is only the tip of the iceberg. Since search engines cannot find this content,
and they provide navigation to most sites average users will visit, most people will never see it. In
this way, that entire portion of the Internet is censored and invisible to users. Belonging to and
frequenting many of the sites on the so–called Invisible Web myself, I know how difficult it is to
find content that I need using search engines like Google and Bing. Instead, the quest is entirely
self–motivated and directed whenever I want to visit. Unfortunately for many, there is a great deal of
wonderful content in it. Alongside the good, though, is a large collection of bad material, as the alias
"DarkNet" suggests. Along with being censored, the Internet is heavily tracked. The likes of Google,
Yahoo!, Microsoft, and others track users on their own websites and others so that they can serve
more accurate content, and, in the case of Google, more targeted ads. Have you ever been browsing
Facebook and noticed that the advertisements on the side of your window relate very closely to your
interests? That is the result of tracking browsing habits and serving extremely targeted
advertisements. When you browse the web and click on a web page about

Censored In Schools
Imagine: a student walks down the hall on her cell phone. She enters the classroom, and the teacher
asks her to find the website about Shakespeare that they will be working on today. She tries to open
the website on her phone and computer, but she receives the horrible message: page blocked.
Twenty–five States in the U.S.A. have laws filtering the internet at school ("State Internet Filtering).
Internet censoring is the, "Blocking of undesirable content on the internet" ("Internet Filtering"). Is
it harmful or effective? Schools often censor the content on the Internet to protect minors from
harmful websites or images. Internet filters are created to block certain website categories or sites
that mention specific harmful words (Greenhalgh, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are also many things people can do to remove filters or get them unblocked, besides
contacting the administrator. Although students enjoy having the freedom to search the internet at
their own choice, filters are very necessary. They may block sexually explicit content, hate speeches,
weapon building instructions, and anything that would serve as a harmful distraction during the
school day (VanderLeest, Steven H.). fifty–one percent of people allude to the idea that filtering
decreases potential distractions ("Filtering in Schools"). Many parents and teachers like that filters
prevent inappropriate thumbnails and pop–ups. The students can still access the website, but the
adds on the page will be blocked, so they cannot see them. Filters can also provide security for the
computer. They can protect against viruses (Love, Christa). They also prove to provide a secure
surfing source. Diana Dileonardo adds, "If a patron encountered a blocked site, he or she could
always ask a librarian to unblock it or, at least in the case of adults, disable the filter." Schools can
also team up with teachers and librarians to ensure that adopted filters are flexible and have the
fewest possible restrictions on student searches (Fuglei, Monica). An article from the New York
Times states, "One Colorado High School held a debate on Internet filtering, while students in
Bronx sent emails to the

Stand Your Ground Law Arguments
Laws have been a part of civilization for many years. Without them, civilization would implode.
Chaos would erupt and people would be a danger to one another. The world would be in anarchy
and a brutal place to live. Humanity would cease to exist. According to Wikipedia, law is defined as
"a system of rules that are enforced through social situations to govern behavior
(www.wikipedia.com)." Laws are put into place to regulate society. The first law enacted in the
United States dates back to the late 1700's when the first United States Congress passed what is
called the Act to Regulate the Time and Manner of Administrating Certain Oaths. What this means
is that anyone who becomes a government official such as a police officer must take an oath ...
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Everyone has an opinion and the world is not designed to agree on everything. Stand Your Ground
Laws have become a heated debate in today's society. Stand Your Ground Law is a law that allows
an individual to defend themselves against anyone that they feel are a threat. Trayvon Martin, a
teenager living in Florida was shot and killed by a man named George Zimmerman four years ago.
Mr. Zimmerman felt that he was being threatened by a kid who was walking down the street with a
bag of candy and a drink. Mr Zimmerman assumed that this child had a weapon, so he shot him. The
media portrayed Mr. Zimmerman as the "hero" of the situation, but in reality, he was the bully. Did
Mr. Zimmerman shoot in self–defense or was it because he abused his power? Many people would
say that it was racially motivated. Others would say it was all in self defense. There is no common
ground when it comes to cases such as this one. There are many other cases in society similar to the
one discussed. More and more minorities are dying at the hands of this law. There is hope yet that
one day, the Supreme Court Justice system will amend the Stand Your Ground law to where there
are stricter stipulations involved. If citizens cannot abide by that law, dire consequences will be
taken into

To What Extent Does The Government Have The Duty To...
"To what extent does the Government have the duty to monitor the internet? The Internet is a global
computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. The Government should have
control of the internet depending on the situation. The U.S. Government should only monitor the
internet during certain situations; When they are trying to find a specific person, when certain
actions occur, and when they are looking for a specific piece of content. At first the original
constitution didnâ€™t affect minors when it came to internet law. Later on congress implemented
acts such as COPPA, CIPA and FERPA. Here are some small facts about each act. ... Show more
It gives parents control over what information websites can collect from their kids.The COPPA Rule
puts additional protections in place and streamlines other procedures that companies covered by the
rule need to follow. It imposes certain requirements on operators of websites or online services
directed to children under 13 years of age, and on operators of other websites or online services that
have actual knowledge that they are collecting personal information online from a child under 13
years of age. Other than the COPPA, the CIPA ( Childrenâ€™s Internet Protections Act ) was
enacted by Congress in 2000 to address concerns about children's access to obscene or harmful
content over the Internet. CIPA imposes certain requirements on schools or libraries that receive
discounts for Internet access or internal connections through the E–rate program. In early 2001, the
FCC ( Federal Communications Commission ) issued rules implementing CIPA and provided
updates to those rules in

Censorship Online
This essay talks about issues regarding Censorship of the Internet.
According to the textbook, censorship is a way used by governments or religious institutions to
supervise or regulate the public access to offensive or harmful materials (Quinn 2012, p.496).
Internet censorship applies the same discipline which regulates the public access to harmful content
on internet. Nowadays, internet is a place with huge potential for growth. Statistics suggest that the
total growth of new internet users is 566.4% from December 31, 2000 to 2012 (Internet World Stats
2012) (Refer to Appendix one). In the mean time, the resources and contents on the internet are
growing rapidly at an uncontrollable rate. To some extent, there are almost no ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, there is a non–profit company called Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) which is set up
by Australian authors, visual artists, journalists, photographers and publishers to protect and control
their copyrights. Every member gives CAL a non–exclusive license with regard to their works. The
code of product for CAL is designed to make sure that the rights of all members are clearly stated,
and the process of collecting their own works is transparent and approachable. No one can copy
their materials from the internet without their permission (Copyright Agency Limited 2009, p.2).
Those websites that commit copyright infringement would be blocked. It's really hard to eliminate
the copyright problems on internet, but internet censorship can reduce or limit the possibility of
copyright infringement to some extent.
Censorship can also work when it comes to sensitive issues on the internet. Due to political
motivation, many groups or individuals provoke the internet users against the government. It's a
dangerous action that may lead to strife throughout the nation in the future. Apparently, these groups
and individuals are agitators, hoping to cause conflicts between people and government. These
illegal activities should be censored on internet. Another sensitive issue would be the terrorist and
racist organizations on internet, internet is a powerful tool for terrorist and racist, usually these
organizations

The Rowan Salisbury School System
Responsible Use Policy
The Rowan Salisbury School System is a progressive district that has taken the necessary measures
to develop a system of policies and procedures to help inform and protect the users of its
technological resources. The author's of Board Policy Code: 3225/4312/7320 outline the responsible
use of technology for all its users.
The Board of Education for the Rowan Salisbury Schools are fully aware of how twenty–first
century technologies can affect the manner in which our teachers teach and our students learn. It is
the goal of the district to provide a safe and nurturing atmosphere that is technologically rich.
Providing every student and employee with access to these tools is meant to enhance and improve
the learning experience that will ultimately improve the academic achievements of all of our
students. The use of the District's resources are not a right, but come with responsibilities for proper
care and use of all district owned technology. The Board also reserves the right to place restrictions
on the proper care and use of its devices.
Related Laws
Federal Laws:
CIPA – The Children's Internet Protection Act is a federal law enacted by Congress in December
2000 to address concerns about access to offensive content over the Internet on school and library
computers.
What CIPA requires: Schools and libraries subject to CIPA may not receive the discounts offered by
the E–Rate program unless they certify that they have an Internet safety policy and

Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
COPPA and CIPA
The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) and the Children's Internet Protection Act
(CIPA) were both enacted as part of the state's efforts to protect children in the United States from
any adverse implications arising from Internet use.
COPPA protects any information that can be used to identify or contact the child. This includes, but
is not limited to a child's full name, home address, email address or their social security number. The
requirements of COPPA are:
1. The website operators are required to put in place measures that aim at protecting the minor's
safety and privacy (Jordan, 2013). The notice must be understandable and free of information that is
not related to complying with COPPA.
2. The website ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In any case, CIPA does not infringe upon an individual's right of speech. The computers are on
school property, and therefore the school can decide what should be accessed. As far as COPPA is
concerned, website operators may not realize that it also protects them from lawsuits. As long as
they follow COPPA requirements, parents cannot sue them if their children gain access to
questionable content through dishonest measures.
References
Grama, J. L. (2015). Legal issues in information security (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones &
Bartlett Learning.
Howard, K. (2013). Using Facebook and Other SNSs in K–12 Classrooms: ethical considerations
for safe social networking. Issues in Teacher Education, 22(2), 39.
Jordan, A. B. (2013). The impact of media policy on children's media exposure. The International
Encyclopedia of Media Studies.
Kolderup, G. (2013). The First Amendment and internet filtering in public libraries. Indiana
Libraries, 32(1), 26–29.
Miranda, S. M., Young, A., & Yetgin, E. (2016). Are social media emancipatory or hegemonic?
Societal effects of mass media digitization. MIS Quarterly, 40(2), 303–329.
COPPA – Children's Online Privacy Protection Act. (n.d.). Retrieved April 04, 2018, from

Internet Filter Research Paper
Internet Filters are too restrictive
Research papers and projects are a nuisance! As high school students we are required to write
essays, and for that we are allowed to use school computers for research purposes, yet there is
always a flaw with technology. For example, as students log in to do some research they find
themselves with an annoying message like "404–page not found "or a yellow triangle with and
exclamation point inside, indicating that the page is blocked because the Internet filter believes the
page contains sexual or violent information. Therefore, Internet filters from public schools should be
less restrictive: it limits students' knowledge, there are students who rely on school computers, and it
violates the first amendment. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This program blocks pages with inappropriate information, but the problem with this Internet filter
is that for some strange and unfair reason it blocks educational websites that could help students
with classwork. Furthermore, the Internet has amazing websites that can facilitate a teachers' job.
For example, In United High School some teachers attach a video link into their PowerPoint
presentations and as they give the lecture they find out that they cannot view the page. One of the
main sources they want to use is YouTube; they use this website because it has videos that give short
tutorials or brief summaries about different subjects, such as math and social studies. Unfortunately,
YouTube is considered an inadequate page. These Internet filters are ridiculous; they believe every
single website contains porn and drugs. It is frustrating to see that unpleasant message. There are
times where students look for the same topic, and click different websites and still receive the same
message. Researching for articles to back up my arguments in this essay was difficult too, for many
websites are considered

What Is The Policies Of The Children's Television Policy?
After watching the video lecture and reading the supplemental articles I became increasingly
interested in the policies of the Federal Communications Commission and how they relate to topics
such as children's programming, indecent content on the airwaves, and Net neutrality. I want to
speak more in depth about the three and how the FCC is regulating each policy. I will begin with
children's programming. According to the regulations of the FCC, there must be at least three hours
per week dedicated to core programming for children because of recent studies that show on
average, children in the United States spend more than three hours per day watching TV. Because of
the high amount of television children watch, the FCC hopes that with this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Next, I would like to discuss how the FCC regulates indecent content on the airwaves and how they
determine what is and is not indecent content. A case that still greatly influences the FCC rules on
obscenity and indecency was the same case where Justice Potter Stewart wrote, "I know it when I
see it." (fcc.gov) Although his words are self–explanatory, you'll know it's obscene or indecent if it
bothers you the minute you see it, what bothers one person might not bother the next. When is the
line drawn? Obscene content has no protection by the First Amendment. There is a test established
by the Supreme Court in order to determine if content is obscene. "it must appeal to an average
person's prurient interest; depict or describe sexual conduct in a 'patently offensive way'; and, taken
as a whole, lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value." (fcc.gov) Indecent content
does have protection by the First Amendment but usually involves nudity or activities that do not
meet the test that determines obscenity. Because it is slightly more difficult to determine what is
obscene or indecent material, the FCC relies heavily on complaints from the public about any
programs that might be violating this regulation. If the FCC begins an examination on the program
and finds that it was in violation of

Controversy of Privacy and the Internet
"Privacy is dead – get over it", according to Steve Rambam, a privacy investigator who specializes
in Internet privacy cases, this is how he considers privacy to be in today's society. He is just another
entity living in the midst of a high technology society to whom privacy seems to be dead when
reaching the Internet. With all the traffic on the Internet, the risk of private information falling into
the wrong hands is excessive, and with all the advances in computer technology the rate of privacy
loss is increasing as well. With the right knowledge and experience in technology anything on the
Internet can be access by anyone causing an individual's privacy to be exposed and violated..
Internet privacy, a subset to computer privacy, involves the mandate of personal privacy concerning
the storing, repurposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information relating to oneself
via Internet. The controversy of privacy concern has being articulated form the beginnings of large
scale computer sharing. According to Maureen Dorney in her article, "Privacy and the Internet" she
states that in 1993 there were already 83% of Americans that were concerned with threats to
personal privacy. In fact, this was not the only year in which data was collected. She adds that in
1970 there were an increasing number of populations being threat of privacy violations. Since then,
the controversy prompted several members of congress to call for increased privacy protection for
data

Social Media And Its Effects On Society
Social media is a collection of online platforms or channels which allow constant and continuous
communication and interaction with others worldwide. Social media has become so common that it
is now a new way of life, especially among youngsters. From newspaper to newsfeeds, this
revolutionary invention has become the primary way youngster communicate and interact with each
other. Due to popularity of cell phones and other popular handheld devices, children may choose to
socialize online rather than in person. This new wave of interacting has afforded a surefire way to
connect with classmates, friends, and family members. With over 1 billion daily Facebook users,
according to founder Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook takes the lead for the most popular social media
platform used by teens, followed by Instagram which is owned by Facebook makers. Not only is it
the most popular social media platform used by teens, Facebook along with Facebook messenger
and YouTube top the charts for most popular downloaded cell phone apps among youth. Social
Media Friends and Stranger A normal part of growing up is feeling socially accepted. When children
do not feel accepted they are at risk for developing emotional problems which could lead to self–
harm and suicide. Children want to feel accepted, special and popular. Social media allows teens to
extend their communication far beyond traditional telephone and face to face interaction. Promoting
a sense of belonging and acceptance, teens are may

Free Speech Essay
Free Speech
"Whoever would overthrow the liberty of a nation must begin by subduing the freeness of speech."
These words were spoken by Benjamin Franklin, one of our nation's founding fathers, when the
United States was still a newly independent country. Free speech, which is defined as the right to
express any opinion in public without censorship or restraint by the government, is a subject that is
still present in the minds of many people today. At one extreme of the spectrum is a group of folks
that do not care the slightest bit about free speech issues and at another end is a group of people who
will vehemently fight to protect their right to free speech. In a middle ground, like most peoples'
stance, lay a large group of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All aspects of internet filters will be discussed including who chooses to use filtering software, why
these groups use filters, how an internet content filter works, and the pro's and con's of
implementing the use of filtering software.
There are many different groups that choose to implement internet filtering software on computers
that they own. Among these groups are libraries, schools, employers, and parents. In December of
2000, the United States Congress passed the Children's Internet Protection Act (CHIPA), which is
legislation that forced public and private libraries as well as schools that are federally funded
through certain federal programs to install internet content blocking software for both child and
adult users alike. If libraries and schools that chose to implement the internet blocking technology
on their computers were compensated or benefited monetarily through additional government
subsidy would have been fine, but when the government is federally mandating censorship it is a
direct violation of individuals' rights to free speech and expression guaranteed by the first
amendment of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution of the United States of America. In an
educational organizations' letter to legislation, a strong opposition was expressed regarding the
mandated "censorware" in schools and libraries across the nation. Several points were made in
opposition to the internet content filters. The organization states that the new mandatory

Identify the Current Legislation, Guidelines, Policies and...
Identify the current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of
children and young people.
These are as follows:
Children's act 1098/2004
Education act 2002
E–safety 2008
Safeguarding
Human rights act.
And many more.
The following is an outline of current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures within the UK
Home Nation for Safeguarding Children.
The United Nations Convention on the rights of a child 1989 was approved by the UK on the 16th
December 1991, this includes:
Children's rights to protection from abuse.
The rights to express their views and to be listened too.
The right to care
Services for disabled children
Services for children living away from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The act is important because it stresses the importance of putting the child first.
The acts states:
What is best for the child must always be first consideration
Whenever possible children should be brought up in their own families
Unless the child is at risk of harm, a child should not be taken from their family without family's
agreement
Local authorities must help families with children in need
Local authorities must work with parents and children
Courts must put children first when making decisions
Children being looked after by the local authorities have rights, as do their parents.
Children's act 2004
Lord lemmings report on the death of Victoria Climbie brought into force the children act 2004
which requires all local authorities across England and Wales to set up a local safeguarding children
board. This states that each area should promote and safeguard the welfare of children and young
people. LSCB replaced the Area Child Protection Committees and stated all agencies should work

together to protect children. An assessment is carried out annually to make sure all agencies are
working to promote safeguarding and welfare of children. EVERY CHILD MATTERS.
All adults wanting to work with children whether it is paid or voluntary must be checked, commonly
known has having a criminal record check which is only done by criminals record bureau.
The

Technology And The Growth Of The Cognitive Abilities Of...
Title: Yes, there are serious ethical issues associated with the use of technology among children. The
topic is derived from the questions posed in part A of the assignment. Part A looked at the pros and
cons of allowing children to use technology.
Introduction
General statement: The use of technology has triggered innovations and enhanced the skills of both
children and adults.
Background points
 Defining technology (Manches, Duncan Plowman & Sabeti, 2015).
 Providing literature on the relationship between ethics and technology (Hieder & Jalongo, 2014;
Johnson, 2007; Federal Communications Commission, 2014).
 Discussing the ethical issues that arise from introducing children to technology at an early stage
(Australian Curriculum, 2015; Scherer, 2014; Goldfarb, 2002).
 Highlighting the relationship between technology and the growth of the cognitive abilities of
children (Manches et al., 2015).
Thesis statement:
This essay analyses the ethical issues that arise from the introduction of technology to children at an
early stage in life. It examines the literature that has been cited through the years. The paper
concludes by affirming that serious ethical issues associated with the use of technology among
children are more common today than ever before.
Paragraph One
Topic sentence: Technology shapes the behavioural attitudes of children. These attitudes show in
early adulthood.
Point: Children imitate the things they see. Technology allows access to both positive and

Essay on Information Technology Acts
Information Technology Acts
Information Technology Acts
Almost every home, school, and library in the United States, has computers and access to the
internet. Although computers are vital to children's success in school, the Internet can expose them
to inappropriate material and online predators. With the constant advances in technology over the
years, the increase in Internet use by children and teenagers has resulted in concerns about
preventing illegal Internet activities. In an attempt to mitigate crimes such as piracy, copyright
infringement, accessing of pornographic material by minors, and identity thief, the United States
Congress implemented several legislative acts to address these concerns (Harrison, n. d.). The
following ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The purpose of the law is to safe guard the privacy and accuracy of students. The law applies to any
school receiving funding from the Federal government. The schools must have consent from the
student and parent's before disclosing school records. School officials are prohibited from divulging
personal information to anyone other than the student. The school must have written permission
from the parent before any type of personal information is disclosed. FERRA also requires
institutions to provide students and their parents with access to school records and the opportunity to
challenge the content of records if they believe them to be inaccurate. A partial list of students rights
under FERPA are listed below: * The right to inspect and review educational records within 45 days.
* The right to request the amendment of educational records that may be inaccurate. * The right to
consent to disclosures of personal identifiable information contained in the students records; the
right to revoke consent or have information deleted. * The right to file a complaint with the United
States Department of Education if the college fails to comply with FERPA
Conclusion
Through the Children's Internet protection Act and The family Educational Rights and Privacy Act,
children are protected from illegal internet activities, piracy, online predators, and equal rights
pertaining to the privacy of

Essay on Cypop Task 1
Assignment 1 Current Legislation Covering Homebased Childcare And The Role Of The Regulatory
Bodies Children Act (2004) This influential piece of legislation arose from the Green Paper 'Every
Child Matters' and identifies five outcomes for all children: * Be healthy * Stay safe * Enjoy and
achieve * Make a positive contribution * Achieve economic well–being Childcare Act (2006) This
Act introduced the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) curriculum into England and Wales, and
place a statutory duty on the local authority to work towards ensuring the five outcomes set out in
the Children Act (2004) are being met. Equality Act (2010) The intention of this Act is to combine
the fragmented discrimination legislation, bringing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Special Needs and Disability Act 2001 – SENDA – Do not treat Disabled children less favourable
than other children. – Make reasonable adjustments to ensure that disabled pupils are not placed at a
substantial disadvantage. The Data Protection Act 1998 covers correct storage and sharing of both
manual and electronic information. There are eight principles put in place by the Data Protection Act
1998 to make sure that information is handled properly: * fairly and lawfully processed * processed
for limited purposes * adequate, relevant and not excessive * accurate * not kept longer than
necessary * processed in accordance with individuals' rights * kept secure * not transferred to
countries outside the European Economic Area without adequate protection. Regulatory Bodies
OFSTED Ofsted is the office for standards in Education, children's services and skills. They make
sure that people achieve excellence in care of children and young people. Ofsted assess children
services in local areas and inspect services for looked after children, safeguarding and child
protection. Ofsted's job is to check places that young people and children are looked after and the
people who look after children and young people. They check to see if people are doing a good job
in looking after children, if they are not they try to help them improve. Ofsted inspect children
services e.g.

Safeguarding Essay
The way in which the school handles information will be covered by the Data Protection Act of
1998. Under this act, information gathered by the school regarding safeguarding and child
protection must only be used for that purpose. If any individuals concerned (or their parents, more
likely in a primary school) wish to know the information which is held about them, they have the
right to view it. They are also entitled to see their own educational record. The only exceptions to
this are:
–Information which may cause serious harm or risk of abuse to the health of the pupil or another
individual
–Information given to a court or in adoption or parental order records
–Copies of examination scripts or marks prior to their release
–Unstructured personal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, involving the child in meetings and asking them for their own opinions when
discussing matters related to them as much as possible.
QUESTION 2C – Explain the meaning of partnership working in the context of safeguarding
There are a number of agencies which may be involved when working in the context of
safeguarding, which means that it's important that everyone communicates and works in a
partnership which ensures the safety and protection of children. Each area of expertise may need to
have an input in any one case, and each case should be considered when discussing issues
surrounding safeguarding. A working party of 'team around the child' meeting may be called
involving a number of agencies in order to discuss how to move forward in a child's best interests.
QUESTION 2D – A description of the roles and responsibilities of different organizations involved
when a child or young person has been abused or harmed
Social Services: social services will be concerned with the immediate care of the child, so that they
can ensure their safety from harm. They'll work in partnership with parents and other agencies in
order to do this. In extreme cases, schools may need to contact social services directly where there
are serious concerns about a parent or carer. Social services may then take the child into

What Are Websites Appropriate Filters In Schools?
When people think about things being censored they think about TV and Radio stations; they don't
think about computers. For example when you have an educational video to look up and it happens
to be on youtube that sucks because it's one of the major websites blocked. School websites are too
restrictive on what can and cannot be searched. As students we will have to learn how to evaluate
the accuracy of the website with all the filters we have. The filters tell us which websites we can and
cannot use. According to Michael Gonchar from The New York Times "Overly restrictive filtering
of educational websites reaching far beyond the requirements of the Children's Internet Protection
Act (CIPA). Students, teachers, and school librarians in many schools are frustrated daily when they
discover legitimate educational websites blocked by filtering software installed by their school." I
completely understand blocking things for students such as Facebook, Twitter and Snapchat but
blocking educational sites such as Youtube for example, yes it has some inappropriate content but
can't the school pay for a better program that leaves the programs that are going to benefit us but
also block out the bad stuff on that website. Some of the most popular web filters bought by schools
are lightspeed, web content filtering, Umbrella and many more. Filtering programs "screen an
incoming Web page to determine whether some or all of it should ... Show more content on
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As students at this point in time if you gave us a computer with everything unblocked ant told us to
look something up on that computer we would not know which sites we can trust and which sites we
couldn't. I would most like click on the first site of the page unless it Wikipedia I hate that site. So in
conclusion less restricted sites benefit students from not knowing how to tell if a site is accurate or

A Breach Of Children's Online Privacy
A Breach of Children's Online Privacy: Examining the Fourth Amendment and a Right to Privacy
Regarding Mobile Apps
Ina Salvaleon
Berry College
Citation Style: APAA Breach of Children's Online Privacy: Examining the Fourth Amendment and a
Right to Privacy Regarding Mobile Apps Children are more likely to be found on a technological
device that can access the Internet than outside being physically active. While in many cases, they
are knowledgeable online users, children are still at risk when using the Internet. Their right to
privacy online is endangered, especially when online businesses target children as consumers. Thus,
an increased threat of children's personal data collection exists.
In July 2014, the FTC filed a complaint against Amazon.com, Inc. for collecting personal data
through children's mobile apps. The company's in–app charge system was not password protected,
therefore allowing children to post personal information without parental consent. Thus, the issue of
online privacy associated with mobile app purchases, particularly children's apps, remains a
concern.
The purpose of this paper is to show that Amazon has violated its consumers' (and their dependents')
Fourth Amendment right to privacy in regards to children 's mobile app purchases. The paper will
first examine the content of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) of 1998; second,
demonstrate that Amazon has violated COPPA as well as the Fourth Amendment right to

The Threat of Censorship Essay
The Threat of Censorship
The First Amendment of the Constitution distinguishes Americans from other citizens in the world.
The right to free speech, press, and religion is at the core of the Americanvalue system. As a result,
when thesefreedoms are challenged people tend to react strongly. However, at times government
officials and theirconstituents would argue that censorship, or other violations of
Constitutionalrights, are legitimate. With the advent of new technologies, politicians createnew
policies to gain control over these technologies. This attempt to exertcontrol appears in the
legislation geared towards the Internet. Currently free speech thrives on theInternet. A very large
variety ofopinions are expressed on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Byanalyzing the specifics of the bills, and why specific groups support them aclear threat appears.
However, unlikeCongress the Supreme Court does not believethese bill constitutional,
providingsupport for free speech.
To illustrate the ways Congress structured the bills to censorthe Internet it is necessary to look at the
specifics of the three bills. The first of these three bills to beintroduced was the Communications
Decency Act of 1996. In general, this Act dealt with many issuesregardingtelecommunications and
obscenities. The major goals of this billwere: 1)obviously label sites that have graphic material, so
as to be easilyidentifiable,2) have filters built into Internet software, and 3) to make aboard
thatwould oversee limiting the reach obscene sites have concerningchildren (UnitedStates CDA).
The maingoalhere seems to be making sites with adultcontent easily censored byparentsor the
community in general. The Child Online Protection Act was initiated in 1998after the ACLUtookthe
Communications Decency Act to court in Reno v. ACLU,and won; with theSupreme Court's
unanimous declaration that this Actviolated the FirstAmendment. COPA differs from the previous
Act in that itdealt exclusivelywithonline issues. ThisAct states thatthe government has a
responsibility to protectchildren fromthings that mayharm them psychologically or physically,
suchas

Essay On Safeguarding
Safeguarding, Duty of Care and Child Protection
Safeguarding – is to protect all the children against abuse, maltreatment, neglect, unfair treatment
and violence.
It is to make sure that, children will grow up in safe environment/circumstances.
It is to make it possible for children so they can achieve the best outcomes.
It is to prevent impairment of a children's health or development.
Safeguarding is an umbrella that covers lots of themes
Policies and procedures
Anti–bullying
Media and internet safety
Risk assessment
Domestic abuse
Child protection
Health and safety
Safer recruitment
Duty of care – childminder has a legal and morally obligation to protect and keep all the children
safe from harm and protect them from the risk of being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I will attend a safeguarding course to make sure that I am up to date with safeguarding requirements
Regarding e–safety, I will have a filter on my computer/tablets that blocks out any inappropriate
images and information. I will monitor the websites/applications that the children are using and
ensure that they are appropriate for them. Younger children are supervised whilst using the
computer/tablet and online programmes/applications.
The time in which children spend on the computer/tablet will be limited. I will also discuss with the
children about the importance of keeping safe online, not forwarding on chain letters, not talking to
people they don't know, not giving out personal information that could enable people to identify
them, to tell me if they are worried about anything and to never arrange to meet anyone they have
spoken to online.
Finally I will require parental consent from parents/carers before children are allowed to use my
computer or have access to the internet at my

Unit 025 Understand How to Safeguard the Wellbeing of...
Unit 025 Understand how to safeguard the wellbeing of children and young people.
Outcome 1 Understand the main legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding
children and young people.
Current legislation, guidelines, policies & procedures:
"The Children Act 1989
An Act to reform the law relating to children; to provide for local authority services for children in
need and others; to amend the law with respect to children's homes, community homes, voluntary
homes and voluntary organisations; to make provision with respect to fostering, child minding and
day care for young children and adoption; and for connected purposes."
The Children Act 1989, implemented for the most part on 14 October 1991, introduced ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The idea behind the Act is to promote (co–ordination between multiple official entities to improve
the overall well–being of children. The 2004 Act also specifically provided for including and
affecting disabled children. The Act places a duty on local authorities and their partners (including
the police, health service providers and the youth justice system) to co–operate in promoting the
wellbeing of children and young people and to make arrangements to safeguard and promote the
welfare of children.
The Act also puts Local Safeguarding Children Boards on a statutory footing (replacing the non–
statutory Area Child Protection Committees) and gives them functions of investigation and review
which they use to review all child deaths in their area.
Information Sharing
Effective information sharing by professionals is central to safeguarding and promoting the welfare
of children. This sharing of information makes an important contribution to the shift to addressing
children's needs at an early stage rather than when serious problems have developed. In order to
safeguard and promote children's welfare, arrangements should ensure that: * all staff in contact
with children understand what to do and the most effective ways of sharing information if they
believe that a

The Pros And Cons Of Internet Privacy
Now, the Internet is not only a way people access information, but also the net that connects them.
People use it to communicate with friends and family, keep current events and shop online. The
using of Internet sometimes involves personal data, triggers fraud and abuse. These are the reason
people have laws to protect themselves. People now much more cherish their privacy, so the
government takes the responsibility of establishing the Internet privacy law and develop them.
However, the legislative constitution in United States still faced criticism that need to father revise
and develop.
In the mid–1980s law enforcement agencies of US confronted the beginning of the PC(personal
computer) age with developing worry about the absence of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Computers were influenced by many locales, including colleges, military destinations, and
therapeutic research offices. The evaluated cost of managing the worm was from $200 to more than
$53,000. In the end, Morris was convicted of violating the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, and
condemned three years in jail, 400 hours of community service, and a fine of 10,050.
Now some researchers like Tim Wu, a professor at Columbia Law School, still hold a critical view
of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. They claim that the definition of unauthorized access to the
Internet is not so clear. For the Morris worm, the second U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the
conviction as an unauthorized access because he did not utilize the email website in its normal way."
in any way related to their intended function. He did not send or read mail nor discover information
about other users; instead, he found holes in both programs that permitted him a special and
unauthorized access route into other computers," Judge Jon Newman wrote in the decision. This
actually gave over a narrow definition of unauthorized access: Using programming for the function
expected by its designer is legitimate, as indicated by the Morris administering, however
discovering vulnerabilities in that product and misusing them to accomplish something different
isn't. It brings up an issue vital to the CFAA: Do we truly need to

What Is I-Safe?
Cyber–bullying, which describe an intrusion of ones' privacy or a cyber–action that is intended to
hurt others physically or verbally, has been occurring during the advanced period of technology,
especially in the informative communication field. According to the Cyberbullying Research Center
(Bullying Statistics, n.d.), it has been proven that eighty percent of teenagers have been using
technology and half of them engaged in cyber–bullying. In other words, cyber–bullying includes
direct attack to the society, such as harassment (Kean.edu, n.d.). There is a drastic increase of cyber–
bullying around the world and it usually victimises teens who aged thirteen to seventeen (NCPC and
HarrisInteractive, 2007). Researchers have proven that government ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the cases of hacking and illegal sharing information, it is known that FOIA (Freedom of
Information Act) protection is used as a strong liability safeguard to ensure the safe sharing–
information process (Inserra, 2014). In fact, EdgeWave was rewarded the "2012 Global Excellence
Award from Security Products Guide for Social Media, Web Filtering and Content Security" award,
and apparently, it has been highly recommended by the governmental organisations because it tends
to disallow the inappropriate media sites (EdgeWave, 2013). Regardless the steps taken to reduce
the victims in cyber–bullying, it is also suggested that "Pearl Echo. Suite" software could help to
control the internet activity and thus, results in a good guide to students to use the internet accurately
(PearlSoftware, 2015). In spite of the fact that protection software contributes a safe cyber
environment, the cost of software is a part of potential problems because premium software mostly
is highly priced (Kazmeyer, 2016). Hence, lower middle–income countries might not be able to
purchase the security software and consequently, there is less prevention towards cyber–bullying.
Next, some of the promoted software's quality is not clearly stated. This shows that there would be a
possibility, which the software might be less effective in filtering

BYOD Program Analysis
BYOD PROGRAM FAQ's
How many buildings are involved in the BYOD program?
At this time both Dostal Point Middle School and Dostal High School are involved in the BYOD
program with future plans to expand the initiative to all District elementary schools. Is my child
required to bring a device to school?
Students will not be required to bring devices to school. The in–school technologies will still be
available to any student who wishes to use them. What are examples of devices that students may
bring to school for use in the classroom?
There are many devices that can be used with this program. Some examples include laptops, tablets,
readers, phones, and much more. This program will work with most platforms as well (Android,
IOS) What if my child's device is damaged, lost, or stolen?
As it stands in the handbook, personal devices will be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yes. Any student who wishes to utilize the program must be logged into the guest network for the
school. A login/password will be given to each student who signs the consent form. More
information will be available at the beginning of each school year, as well as the end of the year,
when login/password identification is reset. How will the school filter Internet access for my child's
device?
Any device that is being used on the schools network will be required to follow the guidelines listed
in the Children's Internet Protection Act. Our school has implemented these regulations when
regarding technology as soon as it was introduced. How does the school secure the network from
viruses and other possible issues with students bringing in their own devices?
Any student who is logged into the network is protected by technologies put into place by our IT
teams to protect most devices from viruses and threats. It is recommended that steps are taken to
protect devices when away from the network. What if my child has computer and/or network
connection

School Librarians Case Study
One of the new AASL Shared Foundations: Engage (2017) is that librarians "implement
organizational policies and practices related to censorship, materials challenges, library records, and
responsible use of information resources" (Shared Foundations Engage sect. para. 4). Subsequently,
librarians demonstrate their leadership capabilities through implementing and disseminating
information to their school on guidelines for students' use of digital tools and library resources.
Furthermore, librarians have a critical role in ensuring that their school is complying with the
Children's Internet Protection Act. Moreover, school librarians are also responsible for ensuring that
all students have equitable access to diverse materials. Ultimately, ... Show more content on
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However, as a school librarian, I also need to create policies that do not restrict students' right to
access information from a variety of perspectives. Safeguarding and promoting students' right to
access information on diverse and controversial subjects is also another component of my future
policy for students' use of the Internet. Accordingly, I will need to verify that the blocking software
that the school uses is not blocking information specifically due to its controversial nature such as
LGBTQ issues, or contentious political viewpoints. The American Library Association asserts
(2012), "Anything that restricts access to information based on viewpoint or content violates the
First Amendment" (p. 23). Consequently, a critical component of my future role as a school librarian
will be verifying that the filtering software and the acceptable use policy of my school are not
infringing upon the students' right to access information from a variety of viewpoints.
The digital divide has a pervasive and negative effect on students from lower socioeconomic
backgrounds. Subsequently, the policies and practices that I implement in the school library should
help alleviate the deleterious effects caused by students' lack of access to digital resources.
Furthermore, by simply extending the hours that the school library is open, I can provide students
with greater access to assorted digital resources as well as Internet access. Equitable

The Importance Of Safeguarding The Wellbeing Of Children...
Understand how to safeguard the wellbeing of children and young people
A brief outline of current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures within own UK Home
Nation affecting the safeguarding of children and young people. Safeguarding means to protect and
promote what is best for the welfare of the child and ensuring that there are sufficient measures in
place to prevent the child coming into contact with abuse or an abusive situation. As a teaching
assistant, you have to be aware of signs of possible abuse, neglect and bullying; to whom you should
report any concerns or suspicions; the school's child protection policy and procedures; the school's
anti–bullying policy, the school's procedures for actively preventing all forms of ... Show more
The duty was now placed on the Local Authority, and as a result of "Every Child Matters" (2003)
every child needed to: o "Stay Safe. o Be Healthy. o Enjoy and achieve. o Make a positive
contribution. o Achieve economic well–being."
Working Together to Safeguard Children (2006) – outlines the legal requirements for safeguarding
and promoting the welfare of children and young people and the roles and responsibilities of
professionals, organisations and individuals in regards to working together to keep children safe
from harm
Childcare Act (2006) – This introduced the Early Years Foundation Stage and set out guidelines to
improve the outcomes and reduce inequalities for children from birth to five years old.
Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act (2006) – prevents unsuitable individuals from working with
children. This body maintain the lists and make them available as necessary.
The Common Assessment Framework for children and Young People (2009) – This was designed to
help with the early identification of children and young people's additional needs and promote
information sharing and co–ordinated service provision.
The Equality Act (2010) – This forms the basis of anti–discrimination legislation in the UK and
promotes the welfare of children and young people by protecting their rights to fair treatment.
The Munro Review of Child Protection:

Public Libraries Should Not Block Internet Pornography
Since the internet has been available in schools and libraries in this country, there has been a debate
about what should be accessible to users, especially minors. The amount of information
disseminated on the world wide web is vast, with some sources valuable for scholarly and personal
research and entertainment, and some sources that contain material that is objectionable to some (ie.
pornography, gambling, hate groups sites, violent materials). Some information potentially
accessible on the internet such as child pornography and obscenity is strictly illegal and is not
protected under the First Amendment. Some information available on the internet that may be
valuable to some is at the same time perceived to be worthless or ... Show more content on
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Plaintiffs claimed that constitutionally protected materials were wrongly blocked and that the
Loudoun Policy violated their First Amendment rights. The court agreed and found the Loudoun
Policy of filtering for all patrons unconstitutional. The court held that there were less restrictive
means available to achieve the privacy level demanded by the Loudoun County community than
interfering with free speech. Less restrictive, in the court's opinion, were privacy screens for
computer monitors and a certain degree of physical monitoring by library staff.
Congress made an attempt to place content–based restrictions on school and public library internet
use in the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) of 2000. This act requires the use of some type
of internet filtering software for all public libraries that attain funds from the Federal government (in
the form of E–rate discounts or Library Services and Technology Act grants). Should a library refuse
to comply with CIPA guidelines, that library would have to maintain its technological services
without the government discount or LSTA grants. Holding to the CIPA guidelines, both the E–rate
and LSTA stipulate that filters may be disabled or 'legitimate' sites unblocked by adults who request
it, but it is unclear "whether libraries 'must' provide for such disabling" (Anten 79).
After CIPA was passed, it was immediately challenged by the

Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 "This legislation grew out of the fact that by 1998
roughly ten million American children had access to the Internet, and at the same time, studies
indicated that children were unable to understand the potential effect of revealing their personal
information online and parent failed to monitor their children's use of the Internet." (Koby) Due to
the technology available today children of all ages have access to the internet. In the 1960's the
internet became a major source of marketing, sales, and distribution of both products and services.
Unfortunately many of these services were used by children under the age of 13 years old
(Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), 2011). ... Show more content on
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The Act became effective on April 21, 2000 (Children's Privacy Act of 1998).
Children's Internet Protection Act The Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) is a federal law
enacted by Congress to address concerns about access to offensive content over the Internet on
school and library computers (Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)). This act like Children's
Online Privacy Act was implemented due to the advances of today's internet technology. Because
these sites allowed children to gain access to sites that contain media that is harmful to minors, and
also allow predators to access the email of minors it was deemed necessary that they be blocked on
computers that gave minors access to the internet in public schools and libarays (Children's Online
Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), 2011).
References:
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). (2011, September 15). Retrieved January 17,
2012, from EPIC–Electronic Privacy Information Center: http://epic.org/pricacy/kids/
Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA). (n.d.). Retrieved January 17, 2012, from American
Library Association: http://www.ala.org/ala.aboutala/offices/oif/iftoolkit/ALA
Children's Privacy Act of 1998. (n.d.). Retrieved January 17, 2012, from Federal Trade Commision:
http://www.ftc.gov/ogc/coppa1.htm
Koby, M. H. (n.d.). Children's Online Privacy Protecion Act (1998). Retrieved January 17, 2012,
from Major Acts of Congress:

Censorship Is Not Limited Repressive Regimes Or Network...
Censorship is not limited to repressive regimes or network television. Weather we know it or not
censorship is happening all the time throughout the day. We censor ourselves, we listen to censored
music and as students we see the internet being heavily censored in school. The Children's Internet
Protection Act (CIPA) was signed into law in 2000; the law requires any public schools or library to
filter any inappropriate content from the computers being used by minors. Since the law has been
put in place, schools across America have installed programs that use keywords to designate certain
types of websites off–limits to students while using the schools internet server. The problem with
these filtering programs is that they block many sites that are not pornographic or obscene in nature,
Instead they tend to block sites dealing with controversial but not inappropriate content. Although
the CIPA was created to protect, it has been used as a soft form of censorship in schools.
The CIPA states that a library or school cannot receive the discounts offered by the e–rate program
unless they have an internet safety policy that has technology protection measures. The filter
program must be able to filter pictures and content that are obscene, pornographic or harmful to
minors from computers that are being accessed by minors (Reitman). The CIPA has multiple major
flaws in its plan. It does not protect enough where it needs to but it over filters in other areas. The
filters are there to

Censorship And The Media Of Censorship
Privacy is viewed differently by different people, the same can be said about censorship. Censorship
and privacy do not solely revolve around leaks and personal intrusions from foreign entities. The
advent of social media and cell phones have created new avenues for people to communicate and
share information; The internet provides people a new and global way to spread information that can
be considered worthy of censorship. Many people I know argue that censorship should not be
commonplace in the media, in social media, or even in the entire Internet. Public's right to privacy
and censorship awareness is a very real thing we should come to realize and analyze. Censorship
affects the public in very real ways, it can both aid and deter the spread of propaganda. People need
to consider what type of information is being spread through these outlets. Focused on how people
perceived as such actions with fear and uneasiness, it's fair to note that contrast between censoring
and right to freely spread information. It can lead to an increase in violation claims from those
attitudes. If people feel uncertain about the benefits of censorship, then they are more willing to
point out the flaws in it. The public's view towards the subject matter greatly influences on how well
the issue is addressed in society. It's not only federal and state institutions that may participate in
censoring what goes on the internet, nor is it just the media putting a spin to spread entertaining

Librarians And Their Subtle Protection Of Children From...
November 2015
Librarians and their Subtle Protection of Children from the Internet
Freedom of speech and access to information within our public libraries is protected by the bill of
rights of many national and international human rights organizations. These freedoms are
specifically protected within our First Amendment rights in the United States Constitution and by
the American Library Association's Bill of Rights. It is written by both that all citizens should have
the freedom to write, publish, and read what they wish, without fear of a government or other person
persecuting or restricting them. However, the Children's Internet Protection Act of 2000 made it
American law that public libraries must use Internet filtration software to censor access to
information deemed inappropriate for children. These regulations are meant to protect the innocent
American youth from content considered profane, sexual, or violent; however, what has proven
more dangerous than what children discover on the internet at their library is the misapplication of
the law by the libraries themselves. Due to differing cultural contexts, political and economic
climates, and contents of constitutionally protected information, different communities throughout
the United States have different levels of freedom to information. While the government of the
United States has the final say on what information can be accessed in federally funded public
libraries in America, several libraries throughout the

Essay on Children and the Media/Advertising
It has been noted that the media and advertising industries have targeted the children in the process
of selling products and services. Children are in the age range that is most influenced and are most
desired for companies to sell products to. Minors are young and are therefore potential long–term
consumers. Some of these advertising industries include companies selling credit cards, tobacco,
alcohol, clothing and fast food. According to marketing expert James U. McNeal, PhD, author of
"The Kids Market: Myths and Realities" (Paramount Market Publishing, 1999), children
under 12 already spend a $28 billion a year. Teen–agers spend $100 billion. Children also influence
another $249 billion spent by their parents. At the same ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Amend APA's Ethics Code to limit psychologists' use of their knowledge and skills to observe,
study, mislead or exploit children for commercial purposes.
Launch an ongoing campaign to investigate the use of psychological research in marketing to
children, publish an evaluation of the ethics of such use, and promote strategies to protect children
against commercial exploitation by psychologists and others using psychological principles.
The direct effect that consumerism has on children is still unknown. There are many studies about
how to make effective ads but not a single study addressing ads' impact on children. Research shows
that children under the age of eight are unable to critically comprehend televised advertising
messages and are prone to accept advertiser messages as truthful, accurate and unbiased. This can
lead to unhealthy eating habits as evidenced by today's youth obesity epidemic. The most common
products marketed to children are sugared cereals, candies, sweets, sodas and snack foods. Such
advertising of unhealthy food products to young children contributes to poor nutritional habits that
may last a lifetime and contributes to the current epidemic of obesity among kids. Older children
and adults understand the inherent bias of advertising; younger children do not, and therefore tend to
interpret commercial claims and appeals as accurate and truthful information. They are easy targets
for commercial persuasion. In

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