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Courage And Tenacity In The Tac Analysis
Courage and Tenacity in the Pacific: The USS EnterpriseThe USS Enterprise, or CV–6, a conventionally powered aircraft carrier, was a major
competitor against the Japanese Imperial Navy during World War II. This 827 foot long carrier held 2,217 service personnel as well as 90 fighting
airplanes, and was supported by variety of high powered firepower for protection and support tactics ("The USS Enterprise CV–6 "). "The Enterprise
was commissioned in 1938" ("The USS Enterprise CV–6"). The Enterprise, which had a well–known nickname, "The Big E", would appear in 20 of 22
major conflicts in the Pacific during the years 1941 to 1945 ( "The USS Enterprise CV–6" ). Battered at times but never sunk, the Enterprise earned
respect and status within the military ranks. The war in the Pacific and defeat of the Japanese was crucial in WW II. The right to own key islands
meant air might and the right to determine sea lanes meant sea power.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was during the Pearl Harbor attack that the Enterprise was transporting fighter planes to Pearl Harbor and missed the attack. The scout planes of the
Enterprise did engage the Japanese enemy. ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History Honor")."The Enterprise's pilots suffered heavy losses, with several
planes shot down by friendly anti–aircraft fire and others by Japanese fighters" ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History. Honor."). After Pearl Harbor,
the Enterprise regrouped in Hawaii and set out west across the Pacific after the Japanese attackers. By December 10, they had sunk one Japanese
submarine, but did not find the fleet that had attacked Pearl Harbor. ( The USS Enterprise Heroes History. Honor"). For a time after this, the
Enterprise remained in Hawaii, protecting the Harbor and military stations while "sinking three Japanese ships in the process of reinforcing the
American position in the Marshall Islands" ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History.
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The Battle of Midway Essay examples
Battle of Midway was a major naval battle, widely regarded as the most important one of the Pacific Campaign of World War II.[3] It took place
from June 4 to 7, 1942, approximately one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, five months after the Japanese capture of Wake Island, and exactly
six months to the day after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States Navy decisively defeated a Japanese attack against Midway Atoll.
Both sides sustained significant losses. Four Japanese aircraft carriers and a heavy cruiser were sunk in exchange for one American aircraft carrier and
a destroyer. The heavy losses permanently weakened the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), in particular the four fleet carriers and over 200 experienced
naval ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
did consider Midway vital; after the battle, establishment of a U.S. submarine base on Midway extended submarine range 2,400 miles (3,900 km). An
airstrip on Midway served as a forward staging point for bomber attacks on Wake Island.[14] Midway Atoll, several months before the battle. Eastern
Island (with the airfield) is in the foreground, and the larger Sand Island is in the background to the west.
Typical of Japanese naval planning during the Second World War, Yamamoto's battle plan was quite complex.[15] Additionally, his designs were
predicated on optimistic intelligence information suggesting USS Enterprise and USS Hornet, forming Task Force 16, were the only carriers
available to the U.S. Pacific Fleet at the time. USS Lexington had been sunk and USS Yorktown severely damaged (and believed by the Japanese to
have been sunk) at the Battle of the Coral Sea just a month earlier. The Japanese were also aware that USS Saratoga was undergoing repairs on the
West Coast after taking torpedo damage from a submarine.
More important, however, was Yamamoto's belief that the Americans had been demoralized by their frequent defeats during the preceding six months.
Yamamoto felt deception would be required to lure the U.S. fleet into a fatally compromised situation.[16] To this end, he dispersed his forces so that
their full extent (particularly his battleships) would be unlikely to be discovered by the Americans prior to battle. However, his
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The Turning Point Of War: The Battle Of Midway
World War Two was fought between the Allied and the Axis powers.The Japanese joined in the war because they wanted to expand their control over
the Pacific, something that the United States also wanted more control over. This is what lead to the bombing of Pearl Harbour. Japan wanted the
United States out of the Pacific. The war in the Pacific made opportunity for creative battle strategies, considering it wasn't the typical battlefield.
Strategists had to navigate the ocean as well as take and keep control of islands that were far apart. The Battle of Midway took place from June 4th to
June 7th, 1942, About six months after the bombing of Pearl Harbour. Midway is about 1,300 miles northwest of Oahu. Japanese Admiral, Isoroku
Yamamoto, had planned to execute a surprise attack on Midway. The idea was that when the United States went for a counter–attack, the Japanese fleet
would be waiting to destroy any aircraft carriers that were not destroyed in the bombing of Pearl ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the end, the Japanese lost all four carriers, a heavy cruiser, about 320 aircraft, and close to 5,000 men. American losses included one aircraft carrier,
(the USS Yorktown) one destroyer, about 300 men, and around 150 aircraft. The Battle of Midway is considered to be the key turning point in the
war between the United States and Japan. The loss of four carriers seriously hindered the Japanese's ability to attack offensively. The Japanese were
never able to regain the full strength of its navy. The United States would continue to push through Japanese defences in the Pacific. In my mind, what
won the battle of Midway was not the ships and aircraft, but the cryptanalysts and their amazing ability to get the information from the coded Japanese
messages. These code–breakers were the only reason that the Americans were able to turn an ambush meant for them into an ambush for the
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The Battle of Midway Essay
As the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the United States officially entered World War Two. The Japanese government later
learned later that this single event sets off an explosion that subsequently caused the United States to attack the Midway Islands in the Pacific
Ocean. Pearl Harbor was one of the United States largest naval bases and the largest in the Pacific Ocean. This attack ceased all trade with Japan
and officially added Japan as one of the US enemies. With a new world war started it created new concerns for the army. "World War II introduced a
whole new set of problems in naval tactics" (Smith, 1). The main change driving these changes was the fact that aircraft carriers became more prevalent
and common in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Clashes with the Imperial Army and the Imperial Navy postponed their next proposed phase of the Navy's plan from January 1942 until April of that
same year. By April the new strategy was planned and executed into action through several threats to the Imperial Army. The new plan formed came
to be known as the Central Pacific. Admiral Yamamoto (admiral of a combined fleet for Japan) became the primary person in charge of planning and
executing this new plan. He proposed to attack Pearl Harbor again, except indirectly this time through strategic planning. Troops started preparing for
an advance toward Port Moresby and eventually a confrontation with the US Navy. This move by the Imperial Navy caused retaliation by the
American troops as code talkers intercepted and de–coded the Japanese message. On April 18 Colonel James Doolittle and a small number of
American airmen from the U.S. Air Corps launched an attack from the USS Hornet towards the Japanese home islands. The raid was aimed to
bomb several target cities such as Tokyo and other cities. While this event was insignificant and caused little damage it inflicted fear in the citizens
of Japan. As a result, "caused the Japanese to want to extend their first line of defense as far east as possible, the Japanese advanced the date of their
planned attack on Midway... Imperial General Headquarters issued 'Navy Order No. 18' [towards occupation of Midway Island]"
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Essay On The Battle Of Midway
1943: The Battle of Midway [1987]
1943: The Battle of Midway is a shoot 'em up arcade game, or more accurately a vertical scrolling shooter game, designed and developed by Capcom
and published in 1987. The game was the sequel to Capcom's 1984 game, 1942 which was the first in the 19XX series. In this game analysis of 1943:
The Battle of Midway, also referred to as 1943, will be analysed subjectively under the following headings: story, technology, aesthetics, and mechanics.
Story
"We have the ability to project ourselves into just about anything we control." [J.Schell, 2008]
Anyone who grew up in the arcades is very much familiar with 1943: The Battle of Midway. The game is set in the Pacific theater of World War II,
off the coast of the Midway Atoll. In terms of story, what separates the 1942 from the 1943 is that the latter sets specifically on aerial combat around
Midway.
"We filter reality through our sense, and through our minds, and the consciousness we actually experience is a kind of illusion – not really reality at
all." [J.Schell, 2008]
As this game is somewhat fictional in its nature, Schell states a very relevant point about reality and this 'illusion' games create for us. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
'The Japanese main squadron tasted defeat off the coast of Midway Islands'. Some say that this battle greatly changed the outcome of the war. The aim
in this game is to represent a battle during a historical conflict through a screen. The focus in the game is to attack the Japanese air fleet that bombed
the American aircraft carrier, pursue all Japanese air and sea forces, fly through the 16 stages of play, and make their way to the Japanese battleship
Yamato and destroy. The challenge is to destroy the battleship, 'Yamato'. Relive the excitement of "1943" by controlling
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Isoroku Yamamoto's View On War
Isoroku Yamamoto is known by many as the Japanese Admiral who attacked Pearl Harbor and brought the United States into World War II. However,
most don't know much beyond that. Who was he? What was his aspirations? What was his view on the war? To understand important figures in World
War II and the decisions they made we must understand them as people as well. And not just the "Evil" villain history holds them to. Everyone has a
beginning, middle, and an end.
Yamamoto was born April 4th 1884 in Nagaoka, Niigata. His birth name was Isoroku Takano. His name later was changed 32 years later toIsoroku
Yamamotoas he was adopted by the Yamamoto family in order to carry on their house name. This was a customary samurai tradition.
Yamamoto graduated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, an error was made. They thought the U.S. or British, hopefully both would seek a ceasefire. However, both rejected such a notion. This
stalled Japan's inertia as they had to develop a plan to force at least one enemy out of the war. Yamamoto put forward plans to finish the American
fleet as he perceived it the greatest threat but was turned down. However, on April 18th he got his wish. Tokyo and neighboring areas were hit by the
famous Doolittle Raid. This was the proof he needed that America was not a force to ignore. The American aircraft carriers were a serious threat to
Japan. Plans for Midway began. The battle of Midway is known as a turning point in World War II. It is also known as the largest defeat to
Yamamoto and his forces. This battle lasted from June 4th thru the 7th of 1942. Like Pearl Harbor the Battle of Midway was a delay strategy by
Yamamoto. He thought delaying America with a huge loss would give Japan time to build defenses. The battle should have been decisive if it weren't
for one thing. Code breakers had learned of the strategies Yamamoto planned. Though a considerably smaller force, Admiral Nimitz was able to
ambush the Japanese forces and help win the battle of
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Battle Of Midway: Pacific Theater Of World War II
The Battle of Midway was a crucial and decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II.[6][7][8] Between 3 and 7 June 1942, only six
months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz,
Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of theImperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku
Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo near Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable.
Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare."[9]
The operation, like the earlier attack on Pearl Harbor, sought
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World War II : The United States And Japan
World War II brought great tension between two of the strongest countries during the 1940s: the United States and Japan. Conflict started with Japan's
push past Chinese borders into Manchuria in search of the natural resources that Japan needed. The United States avoided military action with Japan
and instead decided to stop economic trade. One of these measures was the Neutrality Act, which prohibited the sale of weapons to nations at war
(Nash 513). The United States tried several maneuvers on Japan; they placed oil embargos to force Japan to shut down military operations in China.
The US was focused on economically destroying Japan while Japan was planning a surprise attack on the US. Japan. Completely unaware of what the
Japanese were... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Japan's wanted to attack Midway to gain power in the Pacific Ocean and to eliminate the United States Navy for a long time. Since the U.S. suffered a
major defeat at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, the commander
–in–chief of the Combined Fleet, felt he could take
advantage of the U.S. since they were weak in his mind (Hone). Japan was fixated on settling their differences with the U.S., so they began risking
large naval units in Pacific battles. An article posted in the Los Angeles Time, "Japs Risk Large Naval Units in Blows at U.S." says, "For the sixth
time in six months Japan made a deadly bid to capture the mastery of the Pacific, and for the sixth time she has failed after paying a price that is fast
becoming prohibitive," (Symonds). Posted just after the Battle of Midway it showed that the Japanese had been planning this. "After Midway, the
Japanese would react to the Americans, and not the other way around. In the language of the Naval War College, the "operational initiative" had
passed from the Japanese to the Americans. Third, the victory at Midway aided allied strategy worldwide." During the war, the Americans made
allies and had help from other countries. This helps the US so that they have backup and extra men fighting with them. The US just wanted payback
on the Japanese because of Pearl Harbor. It was a tragic time for the US and we were holding our heads up and fighting back with pride. "Before their
attack on
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Battle Of The Santa Cruz Islands Research Paper
The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was a naval battle between the United States Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy. This was one of a hand
full of naval battles that happen within visual range of each other. The first strikes of the battle took place on 26 October 1942. The two fleets pulled
out of range from each other on 27 October 1942. The battle took place in the Pacific Ocean around the Solomon Islands. This battle was labeled as a
Japanese tactical victory, but later to prove that it was an American strategic victory. Due to the amount of damage and loses that the Japanese Navy
took. It took away from the fleets' involvement in the battle for Guadalcanal, contributing to the Allied victory in that campaign. The battle took place...
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But with the fleets being so close to each other it was hard for them to move about for more tactical placement. So, with the size of the Japanese
fleet and the fact that they got off with the attack first lead them to sink one of the Allied carriers. But also with the amount of damage the
Japanese fleet took, the Allied forces used that to push harder and win battles against the naval fleets of Japan. So on the grand scale of things this
battle was a Japanese tactical victory, but later to prove that it was an American strategic victory. So most Naval expert have the argument that
overall battle was a win for the Allied fleet, due to the heavy loss of aircraft from the Japanese fleet. When other's stand by the lost carrier of the
Allied to the Japanese fleet. I believe that when you look at total damage to both fleets to include aircraft. I still think that the Japanese fleet won
this battle. When you look more into larger scale the information that is present yes it was a strategic victory for the Allied forces. With being able
to repair and push the ships back into battles and the fact that they still had many of their seasoned aircraft crews. Helped down the road for an
overall victory over the Japanese. In many Naval books this battle is used as an example on how a small battle can still affect the overall victory and
how in this case it did. It also is
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French's Explanation Of The Seagull Test
To illustrate his argument that the test is insufficient as a measurement for machine intelligence, French uses the Seagull Test as an analogy for his
explanation. In the test, two philosophers on Nordic island are trying to understand what flying really is. The only flying animals on the island are
Nordic seagulls, and the two philosophers know that flying is more than staying aloft since clouds stay aloft and don't fly. Flying is also more than
wings and feathers since penguins have both and can't fly either. Having trouble pinpointing exactly what flying is, they devise the Seagull Test to
distinguish what can fly and what can't. "The Seagull Test works much like the Turing Test. Our philosophers have two three
–dimensional radar
screens, one of which tracks a real seagull; the other will track the putative flying machine...The machine will be said to have passed the Seagull Test
for flight if both philosophers are indefinitely unable to distinguish the seagull from the machine" (French 55).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
If both philosophers are unable to distinguish which is the seagull and flying machine, then the flying machine can fly. French points out that it is
quite evident that only Nordic seagulls are capable of passing the Seagull Test. Thus, the Seagull Test does not truly test whether objects can fly
because it's made based on Nordic seagulls, the only flying object they know of. The test is not a general test for flying; it only tests for flying Nordic
seagulls, and French connects this to the Turing Test. He claims that the Turing Test, like the Seagull Test, does not measure for general intelligence but
instead only measures for human
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The Battle of Coral Sea
Battle of Coral Sea War has always been a negative social issue among the citizens of America. Some believe we should be involved in everything so
we can to show our dominance around the world and others see it as a big problem. War World Two is a different story. After we realized that Hitler
was close to succeeding in his plan of imperialism most people were on board to going to war. The Battle of the Coral Sea was fought in May 1942.
This was a major naval battle that took place in the Coral Sea. This was in an area separating the Solomon Islands, eastern tip of New Guinea, and the
northeastern coast of Australia. During World War Two, this area was fought between theImperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By May 6, Admiral Takagi's force was well in the Coral Sea. The Port Moresby Invasion Force and Support Group approached the Jomard Passage.
Admiral Fletcher decided to attack the Japanese force. American Intelligence informed him that it was certain the Japanese would come through
the Jomard Passage on May 7 or 8. Therefore, Admiral Fletcher moved his forces in striking distance by May 7. On May 7, the carrier forces from
both sides exchanged airstrikes over two consecutive days. On the first day, the United States used the Lexington and Yorktown to sink the
Japanese light carried named Shoho. The Japanese sank an American destroyer and heavily damaged a fleet oiler. On May 8, the Japanese fleet
carrier named Shokaku was heavily damaged. The American fleet carrier Lexington was scuttled and the fleet carrier Yorktown was damaged.
Both sides suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers damaged or sunk. Both fleets disengaged and retired from the battle area. The Japanese
called off the invasion of Port Moresby fearing that the Americans still had the capacity to destroy many of their landing craft. As May 8 drew to a
close, the Americans losses totaled 66 and postwar interrogations of Japanese survivors of the battle put Japanese aircraft losses higher than 100. The
Japanese carrier Zuikaku returned to the area for a few days but eventually withdrew on May 11. Around the same time. The United States carrier
Yorktown was called to Pearl
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The Pros And Cons Of Japanese Internment
December 7th, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army successfully pulled of the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. After this attack the government of
Canada used the war measures act to remove all Japanese Canadian citizens that live 160km from the Pacific Coast and put them in internment camps
until 1949, four years after WW2. Fast Forward to 1988 and the Canadian government gives an apology to the Japanese, however the apology was for
more than just Japanese Internment it was for the pain and suffering, discrimination, and for leaving Japanese citizens with nothing.
One of the most justified reasons for the apology would be how the Canadian Government caused the pain and suffering amongst Japanese Canadians.
Firstly, the 22,000 Japanese Canadian citizens and residents were taken from their homes on Canadas West Coast without any charge or due process
and exiled to remote areas of Eastern British Columbia (Greg Robinson, Internment of Japanese Canadians). In addition, the RCMP arrested suspected
operatives while the Royal Canadian Navy impounded 1,200 Japanese fishing boats, and to avoid racist backlash Japanese newspapers, as well as
schools were voluntarily shut down. In this time the Japanese population in Canada had been greatly damaged and families became separated into the
internment camps. Moving on, my second point for further justification is the Labor Camps Japanese Canadians were placed in, further increasing pain
and suffering. Because of the amount of political
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How the Battle of Midway was the Turning Point of WW2 for...
In May of 1942, Japanese Admiral Isorosku Yamamoto devised a plan to draw the US Pacific fleet into battle where he could completely destroy it.
To accomplish this master plan of his, he sought out the invasion of Midway Island which would provide a base for the Japan troops to attack Hawaii.
Unfortunately for Yamamoto, America decrypted Japanese radio transmissions and Admiral Chester Nimitz was able to establish a counter attack
against this offensive. Nimitz sent three aircraft carriers, The USS Enterprise, The USS Hornet and The USS Yorktown to destroy the Japanese. This
is just a short overview of The Battle of Midway, or as commonly referred to as, the battle that changed the war. People argue that it had no affect on
the war, but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was a severe psychological shock to the nation of Japan. The Army thought Japan's main interest was in the war in China and defending Manchuria
against the Soviet Union. Its support for the Navy's southern strategy was limited due to the fact that it conflicted with its interests and was the
reason many Army divisions were willing to divide. This indifference was the decline of the influence of the Naval General Staff over the planning of
naval strategy of the Combined Fleet under Admiral Yamamoto. This was in due to the personality of Yamamoto and his low opinion of the Chief of
the Naval General Staff, as well as his opinion after the success of the attack on Pearl Harbor
. What might have been a major strategic opportunity wound up being nothing, as the Germans offered no proposals for joint operations under the
new Tripartite Axis agreement. It was important that the Japanese lure the remainder of the US Pacific Fleet to battle around Midway and that the
Imperial Navy achieve a strategic victory as Yamamoto believed that Japan could then offer peace to the United States from a position of strength.
Yamamoto added Carrier Division 5 to the naval forces assigned to the operation which increased the risks to the Midway operation. The Combined
Fleet plan was finalized and presented to the Naval General Staff on April 2. Yamamoto played the resignation card as he strongly
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The Battle of Coral Sea Essay
The Battle of Coral Sea was the first major sea battle between allied fleet forces, including those of the United States and Australian Navies, and the
Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. Pivotal in terms of allied naval fleet operations during the war, the Battle of Coral Sea was also
the first naval battle that featured opposing air craft carriers in close proximity to each other, resulting in air battles initiated by sea, rather than from
traditional land bases. The following provides relevant details. The plan calling for expansion of Japanese forces throughout the Pacific theater was
developed by the IJN and Japanese Army. As detailed by Stille, "This called for a series of sequenced operations designed to bring key... Show more
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This had the effect of reducing the contingent of allied aircraft carriers in the Pacific by half. Hence, when the Japanese launched their next offensive
in the Southern Pacific, the IJN fleet would now be augmented with carrier support, while U.S Naval forces suffered from a reduction in the same
support vital to their mission of defending a major Japanese offensive (Stille 8). Prior to the upcoming Coral Sea battle, a number of Japanese military
messages had been intercepted by the U.S. Navy signals intelligence unit. The first, dated March 28, 1942, was encoded as stating "The objective
of MO will be first to restrict the enemy fleet movements and will be accomplished by means of attacks on the north coast of Australia." ("Battle of
the Coral Sea") Subsequent messages were intercepted that provided allied forces with updated details concerning IJN fleet progress, as well as
elements of IJN plans that included battleship and carrier logistics. This resulted in the U.S. Navy's deployment of a cotillion of numerous warships
and support craft, and also the carriers Lexington and Yorktown ("Battle of the Coral Seas"). In the upcoming battle, these ships would do battle
against a superior IJN force comprised of far more battleships, submarines and support craft, as well as aircraft carriers. While the events leading up to
the battle have been
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Analysis Of The Final Mission Of The Imperial Japanese...
A Glorious Way to Die by Russel Spurr recounts the final mission of the Imperial Japanese super battleship Yamato. The book switches back and forth
between American and Japanese accounts of both final battle of the Yamato and the decisions which led to its eventual sinking. Spurr spent years
gathering information for his book and interviewing Japanese and American servicemen about their roles in the battleship demise. The monograph is
clear that despite the sentiments of many Japanese sailors that the Yamato, and by extension Japan, was doomed even before the outset of its final
sortie. A Glorious Way to Die demonstrates that the final battle of the Yamato was an act of desperation by a nation destined to lose the war due to
attrition,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spurr recounts how the father of one of the Yamato's crewmen ignored these signs when he quotes the him as saying, "The Americans still do not
admit defeat. Their bombers are attacking the homeland. The Philippines and Iwo Jima appear to be lost." This theme of the unwillingness of the
Japanese to even consider that they could be defeated is repeated often throughout the text. Spurr moves on to describe how the Yamato was the
pinnacle of battleship design despite the fact that it had fatal flaws which would cost the ship dearly later. The vessel sported the largest guns ever
placed on naval vessel, radar, and a massively armored section amidships. Yamato had been envisioned as having a top speed of 31 knots but the
design was cut back to 27 knots when the Japanese doubted the American Navy would ever have ships that fast. The book clarifies how innovations
like a flooding system used to correct listing proved ineffective, if not disastrous, during the Yamato's final hours. Spurr also points out that of the
five planned sister ships for Yamato only the Musahi was completed, the others were never built or were converted into carriers. Much of the first
quarter of the book highlights that the age of the battleship was fading almost as quickly as it had come. A Glorious Way to Die also moves back in
time to 1918 and the development of Japan's battleships following the Imperial Navy's success over the Russians in 1905.
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Jap The Japanese War
Ever since the Russo–Japanese War up until World War Two, Japan has been competing with European powers unlike any other Asian nation. During
the Russo–Japan war, Russia and Japan competed for influence in the Pacific. Japan won the war, never losing a single naval engagement against
Russia, and the treaty of Portsmouth was formed, ending the conflict. The Russo–Japan war, increased nationalism, militarism, and identified Japan as
the regional powerhouse, but left still managed to leave Japan bitter about the outcome. The Russo–Japanese war boosted Japanese moral and
nationalism across Asia. The Japanese Military's nationalism greatly increased(History Extra) with each victory. For the first time in modern history, an
Asian country defeated Europeans. This Highly contrasted with prior European Asian conflicts. Prior to Japan's victories over Russia, China had its
military completely destroyed during the Opium Wars, which lasted 1839–1842, and 1856–1860(World History Patterns of Interaction). By beating the
mighty Russians on fair terms, nationalism among the Japanese military skyrocketed. During the Russo–Japanese war, Japan also established the "Dai
Nippon Teikoku" – Japanese Empire(Britannica). Since the Military was deeply integrated into politics(Krabs, Gerhard), this furthered Nationalism
among both the Army and Navy. By becoming an Empire, Japan was now exhibiting influence over other territories. In the case of the Russo–Japan
War, Japan extended its influence to
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The Battle Of Midway Was The Turning Point Of World War II
.........Japan plan a attack that was the turning point in the war, just not in the way they expected. The battle of midway was supostto take out
Americas already weekend nave. In the end it failed they tried a sneak attack which back fired on them losing more than they gained. The battle of
midway was japans down fall.
..........The Battle of Midway was one of the most important battles of World War II. It was the turning point of the war in the Pacific between theUnited
States and Japan. One of Japan's main goals during WWII was to remove the United States as a Pacific power in order to gain territory in East Asia.
The Japanese formulated a plan to sneak up on the U.S. forces. However, American code breakers had intercepted a number of Japanese transmissions.
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The United States' Victory in the Battle of the Philippine...
Dubbed the largest battle between aircraft carriers, the World War two, Battle of the Philippine Sea was also the most lopsided modern naval
victory ever. Like shooting fish in a barrel or a sitting duck the United States forces easily shot Japanese planes out of the sky and sunk their ships.
The object of the battle was control of the Mariana Islands. The Japanese who had initiated the fight with us were strategically using the islands in the
Philippine Sea as a defense for their homeland. The United States however also had a vested interest in these islands as they would help us project our
forces into reaching distance of Japan. Though the Japanese had the upper hand in the Battle of the Philippines, the United States was able to... Show
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On the other side the leaders of the Japanese Imperial Navy were Fleet commander Vice Admiral Ozawa and Admiral Toyoda the commander in chief
of the Japanese combined fleet.
Before fighting had even ensued our advantage in equipment and resources was evident. As quickly had the Japanese Commander given his orders
we knew what their move was because we had decrypted all of their codes following Pearl Harbor. We also had a foot up on their location and
advancements because of our strategic placement of submarines. "Americans soon learned the fleet's location, and their submarines converged upon the
area in such numbers that Ozawa dared not leave port for maneuvers. His Aviators, who had been sent to the carriers with minimum basic training,
ceased training all together." This also contributed greatly to the lack of training Japanese soldiers received.
In order to capture the Marianas islands the first order of business was to eliminate the Japanese land advantage. "Beginning on 23 February 1944,
Mitscher's carrier aircraft repeatedly attacked Japanese air bases in the Marianas [islands] virtually wiping out Japanese [land based] airpower." With
this the United States now held a definite advantage in manpower "with 15 American flattops squaring off against 9 Japanese carriers. Aboard Vice
Adm. Marc Mitscher's carriers were 905 airplanes, opposing some 450
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Japan was better prepared for World War II
After Japanese victories in the First Sino–Japanese War, the Russo–Japanese War, and World War I, Japanese experience and confidence in military
operations began to soar. As early as 1905, Japan had identified the United States as their primary threat and began preparations to win a war against
it. Despite Japan's vast combat experience and military buildup prior to the Pacific War, their prewar preparation was only slightly more robust than
the United States and this edge was eaten away by time for three different reasons. First, Japan began the Pacific War with slight technological
advantages over the United States and believed they could use higher–quality technology to defeat the quantitative numbers of a larger foe. Second,
Japan... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They believed there would be little need for survivability since the maneuverability would prevent it from being hit in the first place. It also fit
perfectly with their problem of scarce raw materials. This design would require significantly less material to build and furthermore would use less
fuel to power it and extend its range. "By the eve of the Pacific War, these aircraft constituted, as a group, some of the most advanced aviation
technology in the world. For speed and maneuverability, for example, the Zero was matchless; for range and speed few bombers surpassed the
Mitsubishi G3M; and, in the Kawanishi H8K, the Japanese navy had the world's best flying boat." (Evans and Peattie, p312) As Krepinevich contends
in our reading, from 1932–1938 the United States allowed its combat aircraft inventory size to remain unchanged, however, it still maintained a variety
of platforms. "Rather than invest scare resources in maintaining a large inventory of rapidly obsolescing planes, the service wisely concentrated on
keeping up with technology." (Krepinevich, p14) Technology was changing at such a rate that the
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Canada’s Tainted History: Inhumane Living Conditions for...
The Japanese living in Canada during World War II (WWII) faced one of the harshest and inhumane living conditions in Canadian history. One
unidentified woman remembers, "it was terrible, unbelievable. They kept us in the stalls where they put the cattle and horses." Before WWII, the
Japanese were targeted for their culture. An example is the Anti–Asiatic League that was created to limit the number of Japanese men that could
immigrate to Canada. Canadians did not want the potential competitors in farming and fishing. 22,000 Japanese Canadians were interned during
WWII, even though 14,000 had been Canadian born citizens. This was because the Japanese had bombed Canada's ally, the United States. With this in
mind, the Canadians viewed the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Subsequently, 1,200 fishing boats, newspapers, and schools were shut down. The Japanese had already faced many problems, but the situation would
only get worse as time went on. Gradually, the problems continued for the Japanese people. Thus, the introduction of the "Custodian of Alien Enemy
Property" that allowed the Canadian government to sell the confiscated property of the Japanese. Shizuye Takashima, an internee, remembers, "I have
to pay taxes, but have never been allowed to vote. Even now, they took our land, our houses, our children, everything. We are their enemies." The only
things not taken were the things they could carry under the 68 kilogram weight limit. Despite earlier promises to the Japanese, the property was sold
to pay for storage, handling, other camp costs, and the rest was rewarded in inadequate allowances to the Japanese. Similarly, the Japanese were also
robbed of their hard–earned bank money, stocks, and bonds. As a result, their fishing boats were also impounded. The white fishermen were able to
get more fishing done without the Japanese in the way. Generally speaking, the Japanese lost all they worked for. For this reason, it was impossible for
them to return to their original homes. Even so, they did not retaliate... Gaman, the act of obeying obligations and duties, was a part of the Japanese
culture. Now that
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The Battle Of Midway During World War II Essay
The Battle of Midway was fought from June 3rd to June 5th, 1942 between the Japanese and United States during World War II. The end result of this
battle was the destruction of four Japanese carriers, two cruisers, three destroyers, and two–hundred and ninety–two aircraft by U.S. fighters and dive
bombers. Conversely, the U.S. only lost a carrier, the USS Yorktown, a destroyer, the USS Hammann, and 145 aircraft. Unlike previous battles which
were fought through traditional tactics, the Battle of Midway was fought with unconventional tactics that resulted in a turning point for United States
Naval power worldwide. Through the development of new tactics, refined intelligence, the weakness of the Japanese plan, and Japanese over
confidence the Battle of Midway was a turning point for U.S. sea power.
The Battle of Midway was a turning point in the Pacific War not only because the U.S. was advanced in their new tactical capabilities, but also
because they had crushed a tested and undefeated Japanese Navy that was projected to win. The U.S. set a new standard for themselves by integrating
aircraft carriers into its fleet and was able to strike at a moment's notice from a much closer range than the land–based aircraft. The effective range of
the fleet's strike arm had grown so big that navies could now engage without ever sighting each other, just as they had in the Coral Sea. Every element
involved in this battle was able to make it the most impactful naval battle in American
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The Confrontation Between Japan And The United States
This confrontation between Japan and the United States impacted the battles to come in the Pacific. History has proven the island of Midway to be an
important base for many operations during World War II. Had the United States lost this battle, the war may have reached a different outcome.
The Battle of Midway proved to be a crucial point for the United States in preventing the Japanese from taking control of the Pacific region during
World War II. If Midway had fallen into the hands of the Japanese, America could have been at risk. This was the battle that could have saved or
destroyed the United States–a battle in which the lives of American citizens hung in the balance. (Cox 658–659)
On December 7, 1941 Japan began a brazen attack to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Overtaking the island of Midway would have enabled Japan to have a base close enough to launch an attack directly against the United States.
On May 10, 1942, the United States intercepted and broke a code to the Japanese. This code was a signal for the Japanese to invade and take
control over the island. When the U.S. finished deciphering the code, immediate action was taken. The attack on Midway was planned to begin on
June 4, 1942. The U.S. sent out over 66 ships, including carriers, destroyers and submarines. In sending naval power to Midway less than a month
earlier, the United States planned to ambush the Japanese. (Prados) A 1998 abstract review for military training by Paul J. Jaeger reflects to the
importance of "the application of operational intelligence as a function of operational art" and how the "Planning and execution for the Midway
operation required fusion of strategic operational and tactical intelligence by the commanders involved; most notably Admiral Chester Nimitz"
(Jaeger, pg 22). The strategy employed was to act immediately and tactically to the intelligence the commanders received from the code breakers.
David J. Jerabek also "analyzes Admiral Nimitz strategic leader competencies and evaluates his contributions in achieving a total victory in the Pacific
for the Allied powers" (Jerabek)
The United States' location on Midway Island was an imperative strategic
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Turning Point Of The Battle Of Midway
By the end of 1941 Japan had control of most of the Pacific theater. It was not until after the attack on Pearl Harbor that the United States formally
declared war on the Axis Powers. By the beginning of 1942, the United States Navy, switched from being in a defensive position to an offensive
position and took the fight to the Japanese military in the Pacific. The Battle of Midway is considered the turning point in the Pacific Theater during
WWII. However, the Battle of Midway may not have happened as it did if it were not for the men who tirelessly worked to break the Japanese JN–25
code. The ability to decipher the encrypted Japanese messages gave the United States Navy the upper hand in the Pacific theater and by the end of the
war the Japanese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Returning to their aircraft carriers to refuel and rearm the Japanese bombers noticed the U.S. fleet and prepared for their attack. Sent from the
aircraft carriers were Devastator Torpedo Bombers and Dauntless Dive Bombers. The first to attack were the Torpedo Bombers, flying low to the
sea the Japanese were able to defend their ship's with ease. The Japanese destroyed 35 Torpedo Bombers, only 6 made it to their target destination
which was one of the four Japanese aircraft carriers, but to their surprise none of their torpedo's hit the intended target. Although the Torpedo
Bombers did not hit their target their sacrifice was not in vain. High above the Dauntless Dive Bombers were closing in on their targets without any
resistance. With just enough cloud coverage the Dive Bombers were able to approach their targets with ease. Within the first day the Japanese
carriers Akagi, Kaga, and Soryu, were hit, set ablaze, and abandoned (). According to ..: Over the next two days, the US Navy and US forces on
Midway continued their attacks, forcing the Japanese to abandon the battle and retreat to Japan. The Japanese lost approximately 4,800 men, four
carriers, one cruiser, and hundreds of aircraft, while the United States lost approximately 307 men, one carrier, one destroyer, and over 100 aircraft.
The critical victory at Midway, which crippled Japan's naval force was the turning point in the Pacific. The U.S. was finally able to stop the growth of
the Japanese Empire and started to push back. Over the next three years the U.S. continued to decipher the JN–25 messages and by 02 September 1945
the Japanese surrendered ending World War II. Deciphering the Japanese code gave the United States the upper hand in the Pacific and without the
efforts of the men at Station HYPO the war may have been much
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USS Midway Museum
USS Midway Museum
On September 24, 2016 I had the privilege of visiting the USS Midway Historical Museum. My friend Michelle, who is also a CBU student,
accompanied me while we explored this fantastic site. I was recommended to tour the USS Midway by my German foreign exchange student who
was able to visit the attraction a couple weeks earlier. Niels emphasized how much he enjoyed his visit and explained that it was a shame that I had
not been there earlier, due to the fact that I live so close to San Diego. It was Niel's advice, paired with my prior interest in the history of this battleship
that inspired me to finally see it for myself.
Michelle and I arrived on a beautiful San Diego day at North Harbor Drive near the Coronado Broadway Pier. We parked somewhat far away
because it was a busy day on the harbor. Walking towards the ship, we witnessed street performers doing all sorts of entertaining things that created a
fun atmosphere. Some were blowing up balloons for kids, while others were playing their instruments, filling the air with a sweet melody. Walking
along this beautiful parkway, looking out at the blue waters crashing against the docks, I could not help but realize how blessed and grateful I am to be
free in such a great nation.
The first attraction I saw was a huge granite monument just across the street from the Midway. It honored the second most decorated ship in WWII,
known as the USS San Diego CL–53. This ship was a tiny cruiser that had tremendous
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The Treaty Of Versailles And Japan
On January 1919, Saionji Kinmochi, Japan's representative to the Versailles Peace Conference found himself seated alongside the leaders of the "Big
Four" (Great Britain, France, Italy, and the United States). This occasion marked Japan's status as one of the world's great powers after the First
World War. More importantly the Treaty of Versailles expanded the Japanese Empire because it legalized Japanese annexation of former German
concessions in China and its colonies in the South Pacific. Although far from the battlefields of Europe, Japan was an active participant of the First
World War because of the Anglo
–Japanese Alliance. The alliance called for mutual support in times of war and Japan answered the call by invading
German... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1858 Britain imposed another treaty called the Anglo–Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce which forced Japan to make concessions to Britain
such as the opening of the ports of Hakodate, Kanagawa, and Nagasaki to British commerce. For a while parts of Japan were turned into semi–colonial
status, which motivated the Meiji regime to modernize and strengthen Japan. Although Britain imposed unequal treaties to Japan, it helped Japan to
modernize, because Britain played host to the Japanese delegation that studied the political system, industries, education, and the militaries of the
western world. The military cooperation between the two countries was especially strong because the leaders of the Imperial Japanese Navy were keen
on modelling the organization after the British Royal Navy. Since the 1870's, Japanese sailors and officers were sent to the United Kingdom to study
the methods and organization of the Royal Navy. Moreover the newly formed Imperial Japanese Navy acquired some of its first vessels from Britain.
In 1894, a new treaty called the Anglo–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation was signed which paved the way for the Anglo–Japanese
Alliance in 1902. Unlike the previous two treaties between Britain and Japan, the 1894 treaty was a breakthrough agreement because it heralded the end
of the unequal treaties and the system of extraterritoriality in Japan. British citizens living in Japan were now
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The U.s. Pacific Fleet
The U.S. Pacific Fleet consisted of 902 commissioned vessels, including, 8 aircraft carriers, 17 battleships, 18 heavy cruiser, 19 light cruisers, 171
destroyers, 2 hospital ships, and 112 submarines, as well as supply, transport, munitions and oil vessels among others. On December 7 1941, there
were only approximately 100 vessels anchored at Pearl Harbor, including 8 battle ships, destroyers, and transport ships among others. In addition, there
were about 188 aircrafts, parked at the airfield. The attack The opening move
As described by Wohlstetter (1962) on the morning of December 07, the Aircraft Warning Service was an... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He couldn't it be more wrong.
On December 7 1941, at just about 0600 hrs, the six carriers and 423 plane's Japanese attack force commanded by Admiral Nagumo, it is getting
ready to launch the first wave of 183 planes. At exactly 0610 183 planes take off from the carriers located 200 miles north of Oahu and heads for their
target, the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. The second wave consisting of 167 planes took off at 0715.
At Pearl Harbor, and as stated above in the introduction, about two minutes of being on the air, the enemy planes are detected by the Oahu 's northern
shore radar station. An Army operator contact the junior officer in charge that morning who pay no attention to his reports, the officer assumes that
what the radar is detecting is American B–17 planes which are expected in from the U.S.
There was a U.S. squadron that took off from the enterprise on a training mission that was shot down as the first wave of Japanese planes was
approaching Pearl Harbor. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor began at 7:48A.M. Even though it was not their first target, as the planes were
approaching Pearl Harbor from the west, their first target of opportunity was the airfield destroying almost all of the 158 planes that were parked as
well as buildings adjacent to the airfield.
The planes priority target was the U.S. battleships, it was easy to destroy
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The Battle At Midway During World War II
Abstract
The battle at Midway was a pivotal moment in World War II. The United States Navy was in desperate need for victory, while the over
–confident
Japanese military force was riding on the tails of previous success. The U.S. gained intelligence and surprised the unsuspecting Japanese fleet. The
battle was swift and just, with Japan sustaining a significant loss of life. Their loss of artillery, equipment and supplies proved to be unsurmountable.
These losses led to a major shift in momentum towards the United States. The Japanese confidence level plummeted, in both the soldiers and the
public. The U.S. celebrated the victory and built on that energy. Japan was forced to refocus military plans. Strategic initiatives changed from the
Pacific theater to other, less desirable locations. A desperate focus to rebuild from the human and material loss was attempted. Carrier defense was
strategized. Despite these refocus attempts; Japan was unable to regain triumph, making the Battle at Midway the most pivotal event in World War II
history. Japan's losses, change in momentum and forced military refocus proved to be the revolution necessary to provide U.S. the triumph.
The Battle of Midway June 4–7, 1942 recorded the most pivotal battle of World War II, the Battle of Midway. Prior to this, Japanese military ran
almost unchecked throughout the western and central Pacific Ocean (Black, 2009). The recent defeat at Pearl Harbor wounded the United States
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The Battle Of Midway During The World War II
The battle of Midway was a Naval battle between the Japanese and the US that took place between the 4th and 7th of June 1942. The battle took
place just off the coast of the Midway Islands which is known to be the midway point between Hawaii and Japan. This battle was the first naval
battle in which the ships in combat never fired guns at or even saw each other. The battle was fought using aircraft taking off us Aircraft carriers who
flew to the enemy ships and engaged them there. This battle is a turning point in the World War II Pacific theatre because it was the first battle against
the Japanese in which the US emerged victorious, and it gave the US a chance to take on a more offensive role in the war.
The US entered World War II on December 8, 1941, the day after theattack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The surprise attack on the American Naval base
occurred in the morning of December 7th 1941. The Pacific naval fleet was docked in Pearl Harbor when the first Japanese aircraft swooped down
from over head and started bombing American ships. Both sailors and marines began to take battle stations or general quarters on the ships to ward
off the Japanese attack but to no prevail. The Japanese emerged triumphantly from the assault on the US at Pearl Harbor by destroying most of the
American fleet. After this attack the Japanese were almost unopposed in their conquest of conquering south East Asia. Japan achieved a long series of
military successes. In December 1941, Guam and Wake
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Essay On The Battle Of The Coral Sea
In World War II there were many new ways that war was fought, from massive air campaigns to the battles out on the sea between two naval fleets.
The advancements in ships gave birth to colossal Aircraft Carriers that were used in the Pacific Theater of World War II. These battles were fought
between the US Navy and the Imperial Japanese Fleet. The Aircraft Carriers in the Pacific Theater played large roles in major battles between the US
and the Japanese so that the side with superior aircraft carrier presence won. In the Battle of the Coral Sea the Japanese attempted to seize Australia.
This battle is one of the first naval confrontations between the US fleet and the Imperial Fleet. The Lexington, one of the carriers was scouting out
enemy positions, and was getting bombers ready to hit the Japanese carrier the Ryukaku on the first day of the battle. The... Show more content on
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This was also a very important battle because Japan would have used it to launch an invasion on Hawaii. The U.S through decrypting Japanese
codes caught wind of the Japanese invasion and sent in 3 Aircraft Carriers, the Enterprise, the Hornet, and the Yorktown. The Japanese were
unaware that there were U.S carriers at Midway and the four Japanese carriers the Soryu, Hiryu, Kaga, and Akagi would be caught by surprise. The
Imperial fleet launched 108 zeros and bombers. The first wave was a failure no U.S carriers were in sight so they had no target, the Japanese had to
send another wave out. The Japanese were ecstatic when they searched and saw no Carriers they thought the battle was won. The US carriers then
attacked they sent torpedo bombers and they took out the lead ship the Akagi, then the Kaga met the same fate taking on three torpedos. The
American's lost the Yorktown in the battle, but the Hiryu, would be hit by four bombs from dive bombers and the Soryu would also be destroyed
(Hoyt 289 –
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Analyzing The Whys And Wherefores Of The United States...
Abstract
This critical thinking research paper will scrutinize and analyze the whys and wherefores of the United States failures on trying to avert or stop what
was a calculated and surprised Japanese attack against Pearl Harbor, and at the same time will try to bring to light some lessons from such of a
catastrophic event. It is obvious that in term of gathering, examination, and management of intelligence, the United States was not in its best moments.
Even though the painful lessons learned from the Pearl Harbor attack are not and will never be 100% effective to prevent another surprise attack, they
will most certainly provide the military and civilian decision–makers with a valuable contribution to as stated above prevent another attack of such
nature and devastation as well as to diminish the number of fatalities.
Introduction
During WWII Japan main intention was to become a strong nation and a world leader as well. The problem was that Japan was just a small island in
the pacific and needed to import most of the natural resources needed from other countries. Japanese leaders considered they needed to acquire more
land by invading other countries.
The attack against Pearl Harbor was not more than an attempt to deter the U.S via the Pacific fleet from becoming a buffer zone in the war Japan was
getting ready to start in Southeast Asia with the intention to expand its empire. Once the American fleet was crippled, the Japanese empire plan was to
engage in
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Essay The Battle Of Midway
The Battle of Midway
On June 3rd, 1942, the United States declared war on Imperialistic Japan and Nazi Germany. Due to the bombing of the United States' naval base at
Pearl Harbor by the Japanese the U.S. was forced to take action. The United States began their first naval battle near the Midway islands in defense of
its pacific fleet and positioning. Midway was the Japanese' last goal for its western expansion in the Pacific. Just after midnight on June 4th,1942, the
United States attacked a fleet of Japanese transport ships. One American torpedo plane took out fleet tanker "Akabono Maru". Later that morning at
about 6:30am, Japanese planes began bombing midway island installations, though causing minimal damage to the U.S. naval ... Show more content on
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into World War II. During the Start of the war the United States encountered TheBattle of Midway. This battle would be one of the major turning
points during World War II. The Japanese' motive for the bombing Pearl Harbor was to destroy the United States Pacific fleet so that the Japanese
could have complete naval control of the Pacific Ocean as well as to go through with the Japanese Pan Asian program with–out the United
States interference. Midway was the first major naval battle between the United Stated and Japan after Pearl Harbor. It was also one of the most
important battles in all of World
War II. The battle of Midway began in June of 1942 and ended just 4 days later. Though it was a relatively short battle, it was still immensely
important to the United States victory over Japan in World War II. The Battle of Midway was fought with a variety of naval ships such as
battleships, destroyers, aircraft carriers, as well as naval planes and submarines. Many of these ships and planes were lost during this battle especially
for the Japanese.(Cressman, Robert J., "No End Save Victory", Naval Historical Center, June 1998)
II. The Battle of Midway was short but there were still a significant number of casualties of ships, planes, and men. Although the Japanese acquired
plenty more casualties in all three of these categories. The United States lost a total of 1 aircraft carrier, 1
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Battle Of Midway Research Paper
The Battle of Midway is known as one of the most miraculous naval battles in modern history. It was a battle in which the enemy was seen as far
superior and near invincible. This would be a battle fought from the skies with bombs that land in the ocean by Navy, Marine, and Army fighter
pilots. The weather would prove crucial during aviation reconnaissance and attack missions. Since low ceilings and visibilities reduced by squalls
and showers make adequate scouting difficult by the defending forces, bad weather during the approach and rendezvous increase the possibility of a
surprise attack. Simply put for aviators it is great to have high ceilings and good visibility over the target area. However, low ceilings are better for
carriers. The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was no secret that the United States pilots were young and inexperienced while the Japanese pilots were Veterans who had never known defeat.
In a 4 day span on an island 1,300 miles north of Oahu, America would give Japan their first loss of World War II. This battle would prove to be the
turning point in the war against Japan and start the rebuild of the United States Navy. Set the Stage In the early morning of June 4th 1942, four
Nakajima B5N aircraft attacked and caused heavy damage to the United States base on the island of Midway. These attacks were expected, according
to valuable intelligence gathered by the U.S. Naval cryptologist using a machine nicknamed "magic". The machine intercepted and decoded Japanese
communications. America knew Japan was planning a surprise attack, they just didn't know where. The base at Midway sent out a false report that the
water systems were down. That report was relayed by the Japanese and at that point America knew when and where the next attack was planned. The
cryptography technology proved to be the most valuable tool used during this entire battle. Shortly after the initial attacks on the base at Midway,
American combat forces took the
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The Japanese Attack On Pearl Harbor
In this case report I will examine the reasons why the United States failed to predict the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Relevant literature demonstrates that the U.S. did predict a war. In fact, it is argued that the U.S infiltrated the war through means of strategy and
manipulation of persuasions within Japanese politics. Some of the tactics used included the use of negotiations and sanctions which inevitably forced
Japan to initiate war.
This case report demonstrates that the direct cause of failing to predict Pearl Harbor was due to uncertainty of the target (where) and of the method
(how) that was to be used.
This Case Report will demonstrate that these failures were caused by problems related to the collection, analysis, and management of U.S. intelligence.
In conclusion, this Case Report will endeavor to highlight the importance of historical lessons for Intelligence Analysts and officers in dealing with
future contingency.
Introduction
The objective and purpose of this Case Report is to endeavor to examine and outline the reasons why the U.S. was unable to predict the attack on Pearl
Harbor December 7,1941, by Japanese Imperial forces.
Based on the relevant literature, this Case Report will demonstrate that the U.S did in fact predict the onset of War with Japan and further address the
belief of US Intelligence that the Japanese would be the first to initiate War. This assumption was based on the deterioration of U.S– Japanese relations
prior to
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Battle Of Midway Research Papers
The Battle Of Midway The battle of Midway was one of the most important battles in World War 11 it was a turning point of the war in Pacific
between the United States and Japan the battle took place over four days June 4th 1942–June 7th 1942 Midway battle was really unfair the only reason
we found out Japan was gonna attack Midway because our code breaker had intercepted a number of japanese transmission saying they were going to
attack Midway. We didn't have anything the Japanese had over a hundred different ways on how to attack we had about fifty.Although we still beat
Japan. This battle started because the japanese were had been formulating a plan to sneak up on the US forces. They hoped to trap a number of the US
aircraft
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Comparison Of The Cavs And Bulls
Maddie Derouin
The last time the Cavs and Bulls met each–other in the postseason was in 2010 when Cleveland won (4–1) in the First Round. The Cavaliers also won
the 2014–15 regular season series against Chicago (3–1). The Wine and Gold are undefeated against Chicago in playoff games at Quicken Loans
Arena (3–0). Including the regular season and the 2015 First Round series against, the cavs have won 22 their last 23 games at The Q.
In four games against Chicago in 2014–15, LeBron James averaged 28.3 points, 7.0 rebounds, 6.3 assists and 1.8 steals in 37.2 minutes per game. In
the most recent win over the bulls on april 5 (99–94)James registered a triple–double with 20 points, 10 rebounds, 12 assists and three steals in 37
minutes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The tiny American defense consisted of three aircraft carriers (Yorktown, Hornet, and Enterprise), fourteen destroyers, eight cruisers, and all the aircraft
on Midway itself. The Yorktownaircraft carrier had just taken quite a beating in the Battle of the Coral Sea, received only minor repairs at Pearl
Harbor before limping back into battle. With few and damaged troops, it seemed all but futile for the puny American fleet. But, one key factor of this
war was that the Americans had figured out the Japanese code and knew something was up. This gave them the element of surprise. By June 4, the
American fleet had located the Japanese fleet, just northeast of Midway. The American's had commenced a brave move that turned the tide of the
battle. They had sent out multiple torpedo bombers, which had drawn the Japanese planes covering the aircraft carriers down to low altitude to
destroy the torpedo bombers. This sacrifice allowed American SBD 'Dauntless' dive bombers to attack the aircraft carriers. Clouds were forming
around 3000 meters above sea level. This provided excellent cover and concealment for the SBD 'Dauntless' bombers. The moment that the Japanese
ordered to have the decked aircraft take off, the Hell–Divers were screaming towards them, dropping their bombs. The clouds, along with the fact that
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The Battle Of The Coral Sea
The Battle of the Coral Sea has been addressed by several interviews from people who have participated in the Battle of the Coral Sea. This battle
included aircraft carriers that engaged each other with the advantage of aviation assets. These aircraft carriers did not have the technology to see each
other, so they relied significantly on the use of aviation assets. These aviation assets acted as artillery reconnaissance for the ships to engage the
Japanese. This four day battle starting on four May 1942 was a major naval battle that was conducted in the Pacific Theater during World War II
(WWII). The Battle of the Coral Sea consisted of the Japanese Navy, the United States, and Australia. The significance of aviation assets contributed...
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This battle was important for a few reasons. It consisted of a carrier versus carrier battle which was the first in history as neither Japan nor the
United States detected each other at sea. (Tulley.,2005). Considering neither side actually won this battle, it was considered a turning point in the
Pacific. For the first time, the Allies had stopped the Japanese advance. Then again, the Japanese had some victories while they still experienced a
series of losses. These defeats included Midway one month later, which was a major United States victory. Moreover, a few months after the Japanese
attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor and almost a month before the battle at Midway, the Battle of the Coral Sea was one of the first aircraft
carrier related conflicts that was conducted in the Pacific during World War II. The Battle of the Coral Sea resulted in being a game changer in the
Pacific.
Main Body During the Pacific war, the Battle of Midway has been known as a key battle in the Pacific. In contrast, the Battle of the Coral Sea which
happened a month earlier, the three United States aircraft carriers would have faced seven Japanese carriers that had devastated Pearl Harbor five
months earlier. With that being said, instead of only four carriers, the Battle of Midway may have ended differently. This battle resulted the world's
first all aircraft carrier conflict at sea. It was also the first sea battle
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The 's Leadership Style During World War II
William Frederick Halsey, Jr., was the South Pacific Fleet Admiral during World War II, His passion for naval aviation helped save the community
and provide national support from the American people back home. He was the major source of moral during the war for the American people, and
always produced results whenever and wherever it was needed. Although Halsey's leadership style has been disputed more often than not, his
decisions and role as Fleet Admiral during World War II served greatly in the American victory over Japan. HALSEY HELPED TIP THE BALANCE
OF POWER IN THE PACIFIC DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF WORLD WAR II DURING 1942
–1943, AND ESTABLISH THE IMPORTANCE
OF AVIATION AS A COMMUNITY IN THE
NAVY. William Halsey was raised with the influence of the Navy from birth. He was born on October
30th, 1882 in New Jersey into a military family. His father was an officer in the Navy, and a distant relative, Captain John Halsey, served as an English
privateer during Queen Anne's war 1703–1713. Halsey was essentially born into the navy, and was influenced by the service at such a young age. His
boldness outspoken nature was first demonstrated at an early age when he had trouble receiving admission into the United States Naval Academy, and
did not want to accept no for an answer. "What distinguished Halsey was the determination that he exhibited to get there...he immediately started
writing letters to anyone who might help, including one plea to President William McKinley." His
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The Life of Hideki Tojo and His Contribution to Japan Essay
Hideki Tojo was born in Tokyo on December 30, 1884. Tojo was the eldest son in his family. Tojo entered military school in 1899. He ended up being
forced to follow in the footsteps of his father. His father was a military man. He was a lieutenant colonel in the Sino–Japanese War and a major general
in the Russo–Japanese War. Tojo and Katsuko Ito ended up getting married. Together they had seven children. He was born into a more respected
family. Tojo's mother was the daughter of a Buddhist priest. He was Shinto and Buddhist. Shinto is a set of practices establishing a connection between
present–day Japan and its ancient past. Buddhism is a religion that has a variety of traditions, beliefs based on teachings from Siddhartha Gautama....
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The Navy gained important political influence over national and international affairs. During the era of the weak emperor Taisho, political
powers were shifted from an Oligarchic government to a parliament and democratic parties. In the First World War, Japan joined the Allied
powers, but only had a minor role in fighting against German forces in Eastern part of Asia. There was Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Japan's
proposal of amending a "racial equality clause" agreement to the League of Nations were rejected by the following countries; United States,
Britain and Australia. Racial discrimination towards the Japanese started hatred and rivalries between countries. They were again a major factor
for the worst of a relation in the decades coming forward to World War 2. In 1924, for example, the US Congress passed the Exclusion Act that
prohibited further immigration from Japan. These problems later were to be dealt by Tojo. Hideki Tojo came into power by attending Military
college, and serving as a military attachГ© in Germany. He then became the leader of militarists of Japan. He started doing speeches about how he
despised weak civilian politicians. His views were shared by many, even the army. People started liking and respecting him more when he led his
army through victories in Manchuria from 1931 and on. Tojo then became even more popular and respected when he was named the Minister of War.
He decided that
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Battle of the Coral Sea Essay examples
Introduction
In the spring of 1942 the U.S. Navy and Japanese Imperial Fleet engaged in battle at sea on more than one occasion. The Battle of Coral Sea,
however, was the first time that these too forces would engage one another at sea using only aircraft. This will be the first battle in history where ships
from both sides would never see the other like most conventional naval battles; this one will be fought entirely by aircraft.
History
In the morning hours of December 7, 1941 the Japanese attacked the Hawaiian islands at Pearl Harbor. The Japanese had been feeling the pressures of
World War II (WWII) as did many others. With the resources of the Japanese dwindling, the Japanese decided to attack the U.S. while... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assisting its European allies in the war against the Nazi's, the U.S. was focusing much of its attention on the Atlantic and European theatre. During this
time most of the United States was focusing on the war planes and sending soldiers to help fight. With the focus being almost entirely on the Atlantic
the U.S. Navy was slowly cannibalizing the Pacific fleet to help block shipping lanes and fight the German U–Boats that were ravaging the Atlantic
coastlines and shipping lanes. With the war raging on so far to our east and at the time, no viable threat laid to our west. During this year diplomatic
peace talks had begun with the Japanese in the attempt to strengthen our relationships with non allied countries in the western pacific. The Japanese on
the other hand had a different idea of things to come. Prior to 1941, the Japanese thought that if a war were to begin that the United States would be
their only enemy, however, Japan's entry into the Tripartite Alliance and the United States' aid commitments to Britain had created a new international
line–up which made previous Japanese naval planning obsolete. [1] With previous planning now obsolete a new concept to include war against the
United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands was now a necessity. In January of 1941 AdmiralIsoroku Yamamoto, the commander–in–chief of the
Japanese combined fleet conceived a plan of a surprise attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Courage And Tenacity In The Tac Analysis

  • 1. Courage And Tenacity In The Tac Analysis Courage and Tenacity in the Pacific: The USS EnterpriseThe USS Enterprise, or CV–6, a conventionally powered aircraft carrier, was a major competitor against the Japanese Imperial Navy during World War II. This 827 foot long carrier held 2,217 service personnel as well as 90 fighting airplanes, and was supported by variety of high powered firepower for protection and support tactics ("The USS Enterprise CV–6 "). "The Enterprise was commissioned in 1938" ("The USS Enterprise CV–6"). The Enterprise, which had a well–known nickname, "The Big E", would appear in 20 of 22 major conflicts in the Pacific during the years 1941 to 1945 ( "The USS Enterprise CV–6" ). Battered at times but never sunk, the Enterprise earned respect and status within the military ranks. The war in the Pacific and defeat of the Japanese was crucial in WW II. The right to own key islands meant air might and the right to determine sea lanes meant sea power.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It was during the Pearl Harbor attack that the Enterprise was transporting fighter planes to Pearl Harbor and missed the attack. The scout planes of the Enterprise did engage the Japanese enemy. ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History Honor")."The Enterprise's pilots suffered heavy losses, with several planes shot down by friendly anti–aircraft fire and others by Japanese fighters" ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History. Honor."). After Pearl Harbor, the Enterprise regrouped in Hawaii and set out west across the Pacific after the Japanese attackers. By December 10, they had sunk one Japanese submarine, but did not find the fleet that had attacked Pearl Harbor. ( The USS Enterprise Heroes History. Honor"). For a time after this, the Enterprise remained in Hawaii, protecting the Harbor and military stations while "sinking three Japanese ships in the process of reinforcing the American position in the Marshall Islands" ("The USS Enterprise Heroes. History. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. The Battle of Midway Essay examples Battle of Midway was a major naval battle, widely regarded as the most important one of the Pacific Campaign of World War II.[3] It took place from June 4 to 7, 1942, approximately one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, five months after the Japanese capture of Wake Island, and exactly six months to the day after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States Navy decisively defeated a Japanese attack against Midway Atoll. Both sides sustained significant losses. Four Japanese aircraft carriers and a heavy cruiser were sunk in exchange for one American aircraft carrier and a destroyer. The heavy losses permanently weakened the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), in particular the four fleet carriers and over 200 experienced naval ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... did consider Midway vital; after the battle, establishment of a U.S. submarine base on Midway extended submarine range 2,400 miles (3,900 km). An airstrip on Midway served as a forward staging point for bomber attacks on Wake Island.[14] Midway Atoll, several months before the battle. Eastern Island (with the airfield) is in the foreground, and the larger Sand Island is in the background to the west. Typical of Japanese naval planning during the Second World War, Yamamoto's battle plan was quite complex.[15] Additionally, his designs were predicated on optimistic intelligence information suggesting USS Enterprise and USS Hornet, forming Task Force 16, were the only carriers available to the U.S. Pacific Fleet at the time. USS Lexington had been sunk and USS Yorktown severely damaged (and believed by the Japanese to have been sunk) at the Battle of the Coral Sea just a month earlier. The Japanese were also aware that USS Saratoga was undergoing repairs on the West Coast after taking torpedo damage from a submarine. More important, however, was Yamamoto's belief that the Americans had been demoralized by their frequent defeats during the preceding six months. Yamamoto felt deception would be required to lure the U.S. fleet into a fatally compromised situation.[16] To this end, he dispersed his forces so that their full extent (particularly his battleships) would be unlikely to be discovered by the Americans prior to battle. However, his ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. The Turning Point Of War: The Battle Of Midway World War Two was fought between the Allied and the Axis powers.The Japanese joined in the war because they wanted to expand their control over the Pacific, something that the United States also wanted more control over. This is what lead to the bombing of Pearl Harbour. Japan wanted the United States out of the Pacific. The war in the Pacific made opportunity for creative battle strategies, considering it wasn't the typical battlefield. Strategists had to navigate the ocean as well as take and keep control of islands that were far apart. The Battle of Midway took place from June 4th to June 7th, 1942, About six months after the bombing of Pearl Harbour. Midway is about 1,300 miles northwest of Oahu. Japanese Admiral, Isoroku Yamamoto, had planned to execute a surprise attack on Midway. The idea was that when the United States went for a counter–attack, the Japanese fleet would be waiting to destroy any aircraft carriers that were not destroyed in the bombing of Pearl ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In the end, the Japanese lost all four carriers, a heavy cruiser, about 320 aircraft, and close to 5,000 men. American losses included one aircraft carrier, (the USS Yorktown) one destroyer, about 300 men, and around 150 aircraft. The Battle of Midway is considered to be the key turning point in the war between the United States and Japan. The loss of four carriers seriously hindered the Japanese's ability to attack offensively. The Japanese were never able to regain the full strength of its navy. The United States would continue to push through Japanese defences in the Pacific. In my mind, what won the battle of Midway was not the ships and aircraft, but the cryptanalysts and their amazing ability to get the information from the coded Japanese messages. These code–breakers were the only reason that the Americans were able to turn an ambush meant for them into an ambush for the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. The Battle of Midway Essay As the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the United States officially entered World War Two. The Japanese government later learned later that this single event sets off an explosion that subsequently caused the United States to attack the Midway Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Pearl Harbor was one of the United States largest naval bases and the largest in the Pacific Ocean. This attack ceased all trade with Japan and officially added Japan as one of the US enemies. With a new world war started it created new concerns for the army. "World War II introduced a whole new set of problems in naval tactics" (Smith, 1). The main change driving these changes was the fact that aircraft carriers became more prevalent and common in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Clashes with the Imperial Army and the Imperial Navy postponed their next proposed phase of the Navy's plan from January 1942 until April of that same year. By April the new strategy was planned and executed into action through several threats to the Imperial Army. The new plan formed came to be known as the Central Pacific. Admiral Yamamoto (admiral of a combined fleet for Japan) became the primary person in charge of planning and executing this new plan. He proposed to attack Pearl Harbor again, except indirectly this time through strategic planning. Troops started preparing for an advance toward Port Moresby and eventually a confrontation with the US Navy. This move by the Imperial Navy caused retaliation by the American troops as code talkers intercepted and de–coded the Japanese message. On April 18 Colonel James Doolittle and a small number of American airmen from the U.S. Air Corps launched an attack from the USS Hornet towards the Japanese home islands. The raid was aimed to bomb several target cities such as Tokyo and other cities. While this event was insignificant and caused little damage it inflicted fear in the citizens of Japan. As a result, "caused the Japanese to want to extend their first line of defense as far east as possible, the Japanese advanced the date of their planned attack on Midway... Imperial General Headquarters issued 'Navy Order No. 18' [towards occupation of Midway Island]" ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5. Essay On The Battle Of Midway 1943: The Battle of Midway [1987] 1943: The Battle of Midway is a shoot 'em up arcade game, or more accurately a vertical scrolling shooter game, designed and developed by Capcom and published in 1987. The game was the sequel to Capcom's 1984 game, 1942 which was the first in the 19XX series. In this game analysis of 1943: The Battle of Midway, also referred to as 1943, will be analysed subjectively under the following headings: story, technology, aesthetics, and mechanics. Story "We have the ability to project ourselves into just about anything we control." [J.Schell, 2008] Anyone who grew up in the arcades is very much familiar with 1943: The Battle of Midway. The game is set in the Pacific theater of World War II, off the coast of the Midway Atoll. In terms of story, what separates the 1942 from the 1943 is that the latter sets specifically on aerial combat around Midway. "We filter reality through our sense, and through our minds, and the consciousness we actually experience is a kind of illusion – not really reality at all." [J.Schell, 2008] As this game is somewhat fictional in its nature, Schell states a very relevant point about reality and this 'illusion' games create for us. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... 'The Japanese main squadron tasted defeat off the coast of Midway Islands'. Some say that this battle greatly changed the outcome of the war. The aim in this game is to represent a battle during a historical conflict through a screen. The focus in the game is to attack the Japanese air fleet that bombed the American aircraft carrier, pursue all Japanese air and sea forces, fly through the 16 stages of play, and make their way to the Japanese battleship Yamato and destroy. The challenge is to destroy the battleship, 'Yamato'. Relive the excitement of "1943" by controlling ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Isoroku Yamamoto's View On War Isoroku Yamamoto is known by many as the Japanese Admiral who attacked Pearl Harbor and brought the United States into World War II. However, most don't know much beyond that. Who was he? What was his aspirations? What was his view on the war? To understand important figures in World War II and the decisions they made we must understand them as people as well. And not just the "Evil" villain history holds them to. Everyone has a beginning, middle, and an end. Yamamoto was born April 4th 1884 in Nagaoka, Niigata. His birth name was Isoroku Takano. His name later was changed 32 years later toIsoroku Yamamotoas he was adopted by the Yamamoto family in order to carry on their house name. This was a customary samurai tradition. Yamamoto graduated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... However, an error was made. They thought the U.S. or British, hopefully both would seek a ceasefire. However, both rejected such a notion. This stalled Japan's inertia as they had to develop a plan to force at least one enemy out of the war. Yamamoto put forward plans to finish the American fleet as he perceived it the greatest threat but was turned down. However, on April 18th he got his wish. Tokyo and neighboring areas were hit by the famous Doolittle Raid. This was the proof he needed that America was not a force to ignore. The American aircraft carriers were a serious threat to Japan. Plans for Midway began. The battle of Midway is known as a turning point in World War II. It is also known as the largest defeat to Yamamoto and his forces. This battle lasted from June 4th thru the 7th of 1942. Like Pearl Harbor the Battle of Midway was a delay strategy by Yamamoto. He thought delaying America with a huge loss would give Japan time to build defenses. The battle should have been decisive if it weren't for one thing. Code breakers had learned of the strategies Yamamoto planned. Though a considerably smaller force, Admiral Nimitz was able to ambush the Japanese forces and help win the battle of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. Battle Of Midway: Pacific Theater Of World War II The Battle of Midway was a crucial and decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II.[6][7][8] Between 3 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of theImperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo near Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable. Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare."[9] The operation, like the earlier attack on Pearl Harbor, sought ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. World War II : The United States And Japan World War II brought great tension between two of the strongest countries during the 1940s: the United States and Japan. Conflict started with Japan's push past Chinese borders into Manchuria in search of the natural resources that Japan needed. The United States avoided military action with Japan and instead decided to stop economic trade. One of these measures was the Neutrality Act, which prohibited the sale of weapons to nations at war (Nash 513). The United States tried several maneuvers on Japan; they placed oil embargos to force Japan to shut down military operations in China. The US was focused on economically destroying Japan while Japan was planning a surprise attack on the US. Japan. Completely unaware of what the Japanese were... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Japan's wanted to attack Midway to gain power in the Pacific Ocean and to eliminate the United States Navy for a long time. Since the U.S. suffered a major defeat at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, the commander –in–chief of the Combined Fleet, felt he could take advantage of the U.S. since they were weak in his mind (Hone). Japan was fixated on settling their differences with the U.S., so they began risking large naval units in Pacific battles. An article posted in the Los Angeles Time, "Japs Risk Large Naval Units in Blows at U.S." says, "For the sixth time in six months Japan made a deadly bid to capture the mastery of the Pacific, and for the sixth time she has failed after paying a price that is fast becoming prohibitive," (Symonds). Posted just after the Battle of Midway it showed that the Japanese had been planning this. "After Midway, the Japanese would react to the Americans, and not the other way around. In the language of the Naval War College, the "operational initiative" had passed from the Japanese to the Americans. Third, the victory at Midway aided allied strategy worldwide." During the war, the Americans made allies and had help from other countries. This helps the US so that they have backup and extra men fighting with them. The US just wanted payback on the Japanese because of Pearl Harbor. It was a tragic time for the US and we were holding our heads up and fighting back with pride. "Before their attack on ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Battle Of The Santa Cruz Islands Research Paper The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was a naval battle between the United States Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy. This was one of a hand full of naval battles that happen within visual range of each other. The first strikes of the battle took place on 26 October 1942. The two fleets pulled out of range from each other on 27 October 1942. The battle took place in the Pacific Ocean around the Solomon Islands. This battle was labeled as a Japanese tactical victory, but later to prove that it was an American strategic victory. Due to the amount of damage and loses that the Japanese Navy took. It took away from the fleets' involvement in the battle for Guadalcanal, contributing to the Allied victory in that campaign. The battle took place... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... But with the fleets being so close to each other it was hard for them to move about for more tactical placement. So, with the size of the Japanese fleet and the fact that they got off with the attack first lead them to sink one of the Allied carriers. But also with the amount of damage the Japanese fleet took, the Allied forces used that to push harder and win battles against the naval fleets of Japan. So on the grand scale of things this battle was a Japanese tactical victory, but later to prove that it was an American strategic victory. So most Naval expert have the argument that overall battle was a win for the Allied fleet, due to the heavy loss of aircraft from the Japanese fleet. When other's stand by the lost carrier of the Allied to the Japanese fleet. I believe that when you look at total damage to both fleets to include aircraft. I still think that the Japanese fleet won this battle. When you look more into larger scale the information that is present yes it was a strategic victory for the Allied forces. With being able to repair and push the ships back into battles and the fact that they still had many of their seasoned aircraft crews. Helped down the road for an overall victory over the Japanese. In many Naval books this battle is used as an example on how a small battle can still affect the overall victory and how in this case it did. It also is ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. French's Explanation Of The Seagull Test To illustrate his argument that the test is insufficient as a measurement for machine intelligence, French uses the Seagull Test as an analogy for his explanation. In the test, two philosophers on Nordic island are trying to understand what flying really is. The only flying animals on the island are Nordic seagulls, and the two philosophers know that flying is more than staying aloft since clouds stay aloft and don't fly. Flying is also more than wings and feathers since penguins have both and can't fly either. Having trouble pinpointing exactly what flying is, they devise the Seagull Test to distinguish what can fly and what can't. "The Seagull Test works much like the Turing Test. Our philosophers have two three –dimensional radar screens, one of which tracks a real seagull; the other will track the putative flying machine...The machine will be said to have passed the Seagull Test for flight if both philosophers are indefinitely unable to distinguish the seagull from the machine" (French 55).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... If both philosophers are unable to distinguish which is the seagull and flying machine, then the flying machine can fly. French points out that it is quite evident that only Nordic seagulls are capable of passing the Seagull Test. Thus, the Seagull Test does not truly test whether objects can fly because it's made based on Nordic seagulls, the only flying object they know of. The test is not a general test for flying; it only tests for flying Nordic seagulls, and French connects this to the Turing Test. He claims that the Turing Test, like the Seagull Test, does not measure for general intelligence but instead only measures for human ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. The Battle of Coral Sea Battle of Coral Sea War has always been a negative social issue among the citizens of America. Some believe we should be involved in everything so we can to show our dominance around the world and others see it as a big problem. War World Two is a different story. After we realized that Hitler was close to succeeding in his plan of imperialism most people were on board to going to war. The Battle of the Coral Sea was fought in May 1942. This was a major naval battle that took place in the Coral Sea. This was in an area separating the Solomon Islands, eastern tip of New Guinea, and the northeastern coast of Australia. During World War Two, this area was fought between theImperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... By May 6, Admiral Takagi's force was well in the Coral Sea. The Port Moresby Invasion Force and Support Group approached the Jomard Passage. Admiral Fletcher decided to attack the Japanese force. American Intelligence informed him that it was certain the Japanese would come through the Jomard Passage on May 7 or 8. Therefore, Admiral Fletcher moved his forces in striking distance by May 7. On May 7, the carrier forces from both sides exchanged airstrikes over two consecutive days. On the first day, the United States used the Lexington and Yorktown to sink the Japanese light carried named Shoho. The Japanese sank an American destroyer and heavily damaged a fleet oiler. On May 8, the Japanese fleet carrier named Shokaku was heavily damaged. The American fleet carrier Lexington was scuttled and the fleet carrier Yorktown was damaged. Both sides suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers damaged or sunk. Both fleets disengaged and retired from the battle area. The Japanese called off the invasion of Port Moresby fearing that the Americans still had the capacity to destroy many of their landing craft. As May 8 drew to a close, the Americans losses totaled 66 and postwar interrogations of Japanese survivors of the battle put Japanese aircraft losses higher than 100. The Japanese carrier Zuikaku returned to the area for a few days but eventually withdrew on May 11. Around the same time. The United States carrier Yorktown was called to Pearl ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. The Pros And Cons Of Japanese Internment December 7th, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army successfully pulled of the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. After this attack the government of Canada used the war measures act to remove all Japanese Canadian citizens that live 160km from the Pacific Coast and put them in internment camps until 1949, four years after WW2. Fast Forward to 1988 and the Canadian government gives an apology to the Japanese, however the apology was for more than just Japanese Internment it was for the pain and suffering, discrimination, and for leaving Japanese citizens with nothing. One of the most justified reasons for the apology would be how the Canadian Government caused the pain and suffering amongst Japanese Canadians. Firstly, the 22,000 Japanese Canadian citizens and residents were taken from their homes on Canadas West Coast without any charge or due process and exiled to remote areas of Eastern British Columbia (Greg Robinson, Internment of Japanese Canadians). In addition, the RCMP arrested suspected operatives while the Royal Canadian Navy impounded 1,200 Japanese fishing boats, and to avoid racist backlash Japanese newspapers, as well as schools were voluntarily shut down. In this time the Japanese population in Canada had been greatly damaged and families became separated into the internment camps. Moving on, my second point for further justification is the Labor Camps Japanese Canadians were placed in, further increasing pain and suffering. Because of the amount of political ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. How the Battle of Midway was the Turning Point of WW2 for... In May of 1942, Japanese Admiral Isorosku Yamamoto devised a plan to draw the US Pacific fleet into battle where he could completely destroy it. To accomplish this master plan of his, he sought out the invasion of Midway Island which would provide a base for the Japan troops to attack Hawaii. Unfortunately for Yamamoto, America decrypted Japanese radio transmissions and Admiral Chester Nimitz was able to establish a counter attack against this offensive. Nimitz sent three aircraft carriers, The USS Enterprise, The USS Hornet and The USS Yorktown to destroy the Japanese. This is just a short overview of The Battle of Midway, or as commonly referred to as, the battle that changed the war. People argue that it had no affect on the war, but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It was a severe psychological shock to the nation of Japan. The Army thought Japan's main interest was in the war in China and defending Manchuria against the Soviet Union. Its support for the Navy's southern strategy was limited due to the fact that it conflicted with its interests and was the reason many Army divisions were willing to divide. This indifference was the decline of the influence of the Naval General Staff over the planning of naval strategy of the Combined Fleet under Admiral Yamamoto. This was in due to the personality of Yamamoto and his low opinion of the Chief of the Naval General Staff, as well as his opinion after the success of the attack on Pearl Harbor . What might have been a major strategic opportunity wound up being nothing, as the Germans offered no proposals for joint operations under the new Tripartite Axis agreement. It was important that the Japanese lure the remainder of the US Pacific Fleet to battle around Midway and that the Imperial Navy achieve a strategic victory as Yamamoto believed that Japan could then offer peace to the United States from a position of strength. Yamamoto added Carrier Division 5 to the naval forces assigned to the operation which increased the risks to the Midway operation. The Combined Fleet plan was finalized and presented to the Naval General Staff on April 2. Yamamoto played the resignation card as he strongly ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. The Battle of Coral Sea Essay The Battle of Coral Sea was the first major sea battle between allied fleet forces, including those of the United States and Australian Navies, and the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. Pivotal in terms of allied naval fleet operations during the war, the Battle of Coral Sea was also the first naval battle that featured opposing air craft carriers in close proximity to each other, resulting in air battles initiated by sea, rather than from traditional land bases. The following provides relevant details. The plan calling for expansion of Japanese forces throughout the Pacific theater was developed by the IJN and Japanese Army. As detailed by Stille, "This called for a series of sequenced operations designed to bring key... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This had the effect of reducing the contingent of allied aircraft carriers in the Pacific by half. Hence, when the Japanese launched their next offensive in the Southern Pacific, the IJN fleet would now be augmented with carrier support, while U.S Naval forces suffered from a reduction in the same support vital to their mission of defending a major Japanese offensive (Stille 8). Prior to the upcoming Coral Sea battle, a number of Japanese military messages had been intercepted by the U.S. Navy signals intelligence unit. The first, dated March 28, 1942, was encoded as stating "The objective of MO will be first to restrict the enemy fleet movements and will be accomplished by means of attacks on the north coast of Australia." ("Battle of the Coral Sea") Subsequent messages were intercepted that provided allied forces with updated details concerning IJN fleet progress, as well as elements of IJN plans that included battleship and carrier logistics. This resulted in the U.S. Navy's deployment of a cotillion of numerous warships and support craft, and also the carriers Lexington and Yorktown ("Battle of the Coral Seas"). In the upcoming battle, these ships would do battle against a superior IJN force comprised of far more battleships, submarines and support craft, as well as aircraft carriers. While the events leading up to the battle have been ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. Analysis Of The Final Mission Of The Imperial Japanese... A Glorious Way to Die by Russel Spurr recounts the final mission of the Imperial Japanese super battleship Yamato. The book switches back and forth between American and Japanese accounts of both final battle of the Yamato and the decisions which led to its eventual sinking. Spurr spent years gathering information for his book and interviewing Japanese and American servicemen about their roles in the battleship demise. The monograph is clear that despite the sentiments of many Japanese sailors that the Yamato, and by extension Japan, was doomed even before the outset of its final sortie. A Glorious Way to Die demonstrates that the final battle of the Yamato was an act of desperation by a nation destined to lose the war due to attrition,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Spurr recounts how the father of one of the Yamato's crewmen ignored these signs when he quotes the him as saying, "The Americans still do not admit defeat. Their bombers are attacking the homeland. The Philippines and Iwo Jima appear to be lost." This theme of the unwillingness of the Japanese to even consider that they could be defeated is repeated often throughout the text. Spurr moves on to describe how the Yamato was the pinnacle of battleship design despite the fact that it had fatal flaws which would cost the ship dearly later. The vessel sported the largest guns ever placed on naval vessel, radar, and a massively armored section amidships. Yamato had been envisioned as having a top speed of 31 knots but the design was cut back to 27 knots when the Japanese doubted the American Navy would ever have ships that fast. The book clarifies how innovations like a flooding system used to correct listing proved ineffective, if not disastrous, during the Yamato's final hours. Spurr also points out that of the five planned sister ships for Yamato only the Musahi was completed, the others were never built or were converted into carriers. Much of the first quarter of the book highlights that the age of the battleship was fading almost as quickly as it had come. A Glorious Way to Die also moves back in time to 1918 and the development of Japan's battleships following the Imperial Navy's success over the Russians in 1905. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. Jap The Japanese War Ever since the Russo–Japanese War up until World War Two, Japan has been competing with European powers unlike any other Asian nation. During the Russo–Japan war, Russia and Japan competed for influence in the Pacific. Japan won the war, never losing a single naval engagement against Russia, and the treaty of Portsmouth was formed, ending the conflict. The Russo–Japan war, increased nationalism, militarism, and identified Japan as the regional powerhouse, but left still managed to leave Japan bitter about the outcome. The Russo–Japanese war boosted Japanese moral and nationalism across Asia. The Japanese Military's nationalism greatly increased(History Extra) with each victory. For the first time in modern history, an Asian country defeated Europeans. This Highly contrasted with prior European Asian conflicts. Prior to Japan's victories over Russia, China had its military completely destroyed during the Opium Wars, which lasted 1839–1842, and 1856–1860(World History Patterns of Interaction). By beating the mighty Russians on fair terms, nationalism among the Japanese military skyrocketed. During the Russo–Japanese war, Japan also established the "Dai Nippon Teikoku" – Japanese Empire(Britannica). Since the Military was deeply integrated into politics(Krabs, Gerhard), this furthered Nationalism among both the Army and Navy. By becoming an Empire, Japan was now exhibiting influence over other territories. In the case of the Russo–Japan War, Japan extended its influence to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. The Battle Of Midway Was The Turning Point Of World War II .........Japan plan a attack that was the turning point in the war, just not in the way they expected. The battle of midway was supostto take out Americas already weekend nave. In the end it failed they tried a sneak attack which back fired on them losing more than they gained. The battle of midway was japans down fall. ..........The Battle of Midway was one of the most important battles of World War II. It was the turning point of the war in the Pacific between theUnited States and Japan. One of Japan's main goals during WWII was to remove the United States as a Pacific power in order to gain territory in East Asia. The Japanese formulated a plan to sneak up on the U.S. forces. However, American code breakers had intercepted a number of Japanese transmissions. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. The United States' Victory in the Battle of the Philippine... Dubbed the largest battle between aircraft carriers, the World War two, Battle of the Philippine Sea was also the most lopsided modern naval victory ever. Like shooting fish in a barrel or a sitting duck the United States forces easily shot Japanese planes out of the sky and sunk their ships. The object of the battle was control of the Mariana Islands. The Japanese who had initiated the fight with us were strategically using the islands in the Philippine Sea as a defense for their homeland. The United States however also had a vested interest in these islands as they would help us project our forces into reaching distance of Japan. Though the Japanese had the upper hand in the Battle of the Philippines, the United States was able to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... On the other side the leaders of the Japanese Imperial Navy were Fleet commander Vice Admiral Ozawa and Admiral Toyoda the commander in chief of the Japanese combined fleet. Before fighting had even ensued our advantage in equipment and resources was evident. As quickly had the Japanese Commander given his orders we knew what their move was because we had decrypted all of their codes following Pearl Harbor. We also had a foot up on their location and advancements because of our strategic placement of submarines. "Americans soon learned the fleet's location, and their submarines converged upon the area in such numbers that Ozawa dared not leave port for maneuvers. His Aviators, who had been sent to the carriers with minimum basic training, ceased training all together." This also contributed greatly to the lack of training Japanese soldiers received. In order to capture the Marianas islands the first order of business was to eliminate the Japanese land advantage. "Beginning on 23 February 1944, Mitscher's carrier aircraft repeatedly attacked Japanese air bases in the Marianas [islands] virtually wiping out Japanese [land based] airpower." With this the United States now held a definite advantage in manpower "with 15 American flattops squaring off against 9 Japanese carriers. Aboard Vice Adm. Marc Mitscher's carriers were 905 airplanes, opposing some 450 ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19. Japan was better prepared for World War II After Japanese victories in the First Sino–Japanese War, the Russo–Japanese War, and World War I, Japanese experience and confidence in military operations began to soar. As early as 1905, Japan had identified the United States as their primary threat and began preparations to win a war against it. Despite Japan's vast combat experience and military buildup prior to the Pacific War, their prewar preparation was only slightly more robust than the United States and this edge was eaten away by time for three different reasons. First, Japan began the Pacific War with slight technological advantages over the United States and believed they could use higher–quality technology to defeat the quantitative numbers of a larger foe. Second, Japan... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... They believed there would be little need for survivability since the maneuverability would prevent it from being hit in the first place. It also fit perfectly with their problem of scarce raw materials. This design would require significantly less material to build and furthermore would use less fuel to power it and extend its range. "By the eve of the Pacific War, these aircraft constituted, as a group, some of the most advanced aviation technology in the world. For speed and maneuverability, for example, the Zero was matchless; for range and speed few bombers surpassed the Mitsubishi G3M; and, in the Kawanishi H8K, the Japanese navy had the world's best flying boat." (Evans and Peattie, p312) As Krepinevich contends in our reading, from 1932–1938 the United States allowed its combat aircraft inventory size to remain unchanged, however, it still maintained a variety of platforms. "Rather than invest scare resources in maintaining a large inventory of rapidly obsolescing planes, the service wisely concentrated on keeping up with technology." (Krepinevich, p14) Technology was changing at such a rate that the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. Canada’s Tainted History: Inhumane Living Conditions for... The Japanese living in Canada during World War II (WWII) faced one of the harshest and inhumane living conditions in Canadian history. One unidentified woman remembers, "it was terrible, unbelievable. They kept us in the stalls where they put the cattle and horses." Before WWII, the Japanese were targeted for their culture. An example is the Anti–Asiatic League that was created to limit the number of Japanese men that could immigrate to Canada. Canadians did not want the potential competitors in farming and fishing. 22,000 Japanese Canadians were interned during WWII, even though 14,000 had been Canadian born citizens. This was because the Japanese had bombed Canada's ally, the United States. With this in mind, the Canadians viewed the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Subsequently, 1,200 fishing boats, newspapers, and schools were shut down. The Japanese had already faced many problems, but the situation would only get worse as time went on. Gradually, the problems continued for the Japanese people. Thus, the introduction of the "Custodian of Alien Enemy Property" that allowed the Canadian government to sell the confiscated property of the Japanese. Shizuye Takashima, an internee, remembers, "I have to pay taxes, but have never been allowed to vote. Even now, they took our land, our houses, our children, everything. We are their enemies." The only things not taken were the things they could carry under the 68 kilogram weight limit. Despite earlier promises to the Japanese, the property was sold to pay for storage, handling, other camp costs, and the rest was rewarded in inadequate allowances to the Japanese. Similarly, the Japanese were also robbed of their hard–earned bank money, stocks, and bonds. As a result, their fishing boats were also impounded. The white fishermen were able to get more fishing done without the Japanese in the way. Generally speaking, the Japanese lost all they worked for. For this reason, it was impossible for them to return to their original homes. Even so, they did not retaliate... Gaman, the act of obeying obligations and duties, was a part of the Japanese culture. Now that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. The Battle Of Midway During World War II Essay The Battle of Midway was fought from June 3rd to June 5th, 1942 between the Japanese and United States during World War II. The end result of this battle was the destruction of four Japanese carriers, two cruisers, three destroyers, and two–hundred and ninety–two aircraft by U.S. fighters and dive bombers. Conversely, the U.S. only lost a carrier, the USS Yorktown, a destroyer, the USS Hammann, and 145 aircraft. Unlike previous battles which were fought through traditional tactics, the Battle of Midway was fought with unconventional tactics that resulted in a turning point for United States Naval power worldwide. Through the development of new tactics, refined intelligence, the weakness of the Japanese plan, and Japanese over confidence the Battle of Midway was a turning point for U.S. sea power. The Battle of Midway was a turning point in the Pacific War not only because the U.S. was advanced in their new tactical capabilities, but also because they had crushed a tested and undefeated Japanese Navy that was projected to win. The U.S. set a new standard for themselves by integrating aircraft carriers into its fleet and was able to strike at a moment's notice from a much closer range than the land–based aircraft. The effective range of the fleet's strike arm had grown so big that navies could now engage without ever sighting each other, just as they had in the Coral Sea. Every element involved in this battle was able to make it the most impactful naval battle in American ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. The Confrontation Between Japan And The United States This confrontation between Japan and the United States impacted the battles to come in the Pacific. History has proven the island of Midway to be an important base for many operations during World War II. Had the United States lost this battle, the war may have reached a different outcome. The Battle of Midway proved to be a crucial point for the United States in preventing the Japanese from taking control of the Pacific region during World War II. If Midway had fallen into the hands of the Japanese, America could have been at risk. This was the battle that could have saved or destroyed the United States–a battle in which the lives of American citizens hung in the balance. (Cox 658–659) On December 7, 1941 Japan began a brazen attack to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Overtaking the island of Midway would have enabled Japan to have a base close enough to launch an attack directly against the United States. On May 10, 1942, the United States intercepted and broke a code to the Japanese. This code was a signal for the Japanese to invade and take control over the island. When the U.S. finished deciphering the code, immediate action was taken. The attack on Midway was planned to begin on June 4, 1942. The U.S. sent out over 66 ships, including carriers, destroyers and submarines. In sending naval power to Midway less than a month earlier, the United States planned to ambush the Japanese. (Prados) A 1998 abstract review for military training by Paul J. Jaeger reflects to the importance of "the application of operational intelligence as a function of operational art" and how the "Planning and execution for the Midway operation required fusion of strategic operational and tactical intelligence by the commanders involved; most notably Admiral Chester Nimitz" (Jaeger, pg 22). The strategy employed was to act immediately and tactically to the intelligence the commanders received from the code breakers. David J. Jerabek also "analyzes Admiral Nimitz strategic leader competencies and evaluates his contributions in achieving a total victory in the Pacific for the Allied powers" (Jerabek) The United States' location on Midway Island was an imperative strategic ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Turning Point Of The Battle Of Midway By the end of 1941 Japan had control of most of the Pacific theater. It was not until after the attack on Pearl Harbor that the United States formally declared war on the Axis Powers. By the beginning of 1942, the United States Navy, switched from being in a defensive position to an offensive position and took the fight to the Japanese military in the Pacific. The Battle of Midway is considered the turning point in the Pacific Theater during WWII. However, the Battle of Midway may not have happened as it did if it were not for the men who tirelessly worked to break the Japanese JN–25 code. The ability to decipher the encrypted Japanese messages gave the United States Navy the upper hand in the Pacific theater and by the end of the war the Japanese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Returning to their aircraft carriers to refuel and rearm the Japanese bombers noticed the U.S. fleet and prepared for their attack. Sent from the aircraft carriers were Devastator Torpedo Bombers and Dauntless Dive Bombers. The first to attack were the Torpedo Bombers, flying low to the sea the Japanese were able to defend their ship's with ease. The Japanese destroyed 35 Torpedo Bombers, only 6 made it to their target destination which was one of the four Japanese aircraft carriers, but to their surprise none of their torpedo's hit the intended target. Although the Torpedo Bombers did not hit their target their sacrifice was not in vain. High above the Dauntless Dive Bombers were closing in on their targets without any resistance. With just enough cloud coverage the Dive Bombers were able to approach their targets with ease. Within the first day the Japanese carriers Akagi, Kaga, and Soryu, were hit, set ablaze, and abandoned (). According to ..: Over the next two days, the US Navy and US forces on Midway continued their attacks, forcing the Japanese to abandon the battle and retreat to Japan. The Japanese lost approximately 4,800 men, four carriers, one cruiser, and hundreds of aircraft, while the United States lost approximately 307 men, one carrier, one destroyer, and over 100 aircraft. The critical victory at Midway, which crippled Japan's naval force was the turning point in the Pacific. The U.S. was finally able to stop the growth of the Japanese Empire and started to push back. Over the next three years the U.S. continued to decipher the JN–25 messages and by 02 September 1945 the Japanese surrendered ending World War II. Deciphering the Japanese code gave the United States the upper hand in the Pacific and without the efforts of the men at Station HYPO the war may have been much ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. USS Midway Museum USS Midway Museum On September 24, 2016 I had the privilege of visiting the USS Midway Historical Museum. My friend Michelle, who is also a CBU student, accompanied me while we explored this fantastic site. I was recommended to tour the USS Midway by my German foreign exchange student who was able to visit the attraction a couple weeks earlier. Niels emphasized how much he enjoyed his visit and explained that it was a shame that I had not been there earlier, due to the fact that I live so close to San Diego. It was Niel's advice, paired with my prior interest in the history of this battleship that inspired me to finally see it for myself. Michelle and I arrived on a beautiful San Diego day at North Harbor Drive near the Coronado Broadway Pier. We parked somewhat far away because it was a busy day on the harbor. Walking towards the ship, we witnessed street performers doing all sorts of entertaining things that created a fun atmosphere. Some were blowing up balloons for kids, while others were playing their instruments, filling the air with a sweet melody. Walking along this beautiful parkway, looking out at the blue waters crashing against the docks, I could not help but realize how blessed and grateful I am to be free in such a great nation. The first attraction I saw was a huge granite monument just across the street from the Midway. It honored the second most decorated ship in WWII, known as the USS San Diego CL–53. This ship was a tiny cruiser that had tremendous ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. The Treaty Of Versailles And Japan On January 1919, Saionji Kinmochi, Japan's representative to the Versailles Peace Conference found himself seated alongside the leaders of the "Big Four" (Great Britain, France, Italy, and the United States). This occasion marked Japan's status as one of the world's great powers after the First World War. More importantly the Treaty of Versailles expanded the Japanese Empire because it legalized Japanese annexation of former German concessions in China and its colonies in the South Pacific. Although far from the battlefields of Europe, Japan was an active participant of the First World War because of the Anglo –Japanese Alliance. The alliance called for mutual support in times of war and Japan answered the call by invading German... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In 1858 Britain imposed another treaty called the Anglo–Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce which forced Japan to make concessions to Britain such as the opening of the ports of Hakodate, Kanagawa, and Nagasaki to British commerce. For a while parts of Japan were turned into semi–colonial status, which motivated the Meiji regime to modernize and strengthen Japan. Although Britain imposed unequal treaties to Japan, it helped Japan to modernize, because Britain played host to the Japanese delegation that studied the political system, industries, education, and the militaries of the western world. The military cooperation between the two countries was especially strong because the leaders of the Imperial Japanese Navy were keen on modelling the organization after the British Royal Navy. Since the 1870's, Japanese sailors and officers were sent to the United Kingdom to study the methods and organization of the Royal Navy. Moreover the newly formed Imperial Japanese Navy acquired some of its first vessels from Britain. In 1894, a new treaty called the Anglo–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation was signed which paved the way for the Anglo–Japanese Alliance in 1902. Unlike the previous two treaties between Britain and Japan, the 1894 treaty was a breakthrough agreement because it heralded the end of the unequal treaties and the system of extraterritoriality in Japan. British citizens living in Japan were now ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. The U.s. Pacific Fleet The U.S. Pacific Fleet consisted of 902 commissioned vessels, including, 8 aircraft carriers, 17 battleships, 18 heavy cruiser, 19 light cruisers, 171 destroyers, 2 hospital ships, and 112 submarines, as well as supply, transport, munitions and oil vessels among others. On December 7 1941, there were only approximately 100 vessels anchored at Pearl Harbor, including 8 battle ships, destroyers, and transport ships among others. In addition, there were about 188 aircrafts, parked at the airfield. The attack The opening move As described by Wohlstetter (1962) on the morning of December 07, the Aircraft Warning Service was an... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He couldn't it be more wrong. On December 7 1941, at just about 0600 hrs, the six carriers and 423 plane's Japanese attack force commanded by Admiral Nagumo, it is getting ready to launch the first wave of 183 planes. At exactly 0610 183 planes take off from the carriers located 200 miles north of Oahu and heads for their target, the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. The second wave consisting of 167 planes took off at 0715. At Pearl Harbor, and as stated above in the introduction, about two minutes of being on the air, the enemy planes are detected by the Oahu 's northern shore radar station. An Army operator contact the junior officer in charge that morning who pay no attention to his reports, the officer assumes that what the radar is detecting is American B–17 planes which are expected in from the U.S. There was a U.S. squadron that took off from the enterprise on a training mission that was shot down as the first wave of Japanese planes was approaching Pearl Harbor. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor began at 7:48A.M. Even though it was not their first target, as the planes were approaching Pearl Harbor from the west, their first target of opportunity was the airfield destroying almost all of the 158 planes that were parked as well as buildings adjacent to the airfield. The planes priority target was the U.S. battleships, it was easy to destroy ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. The Battle At Midway During World War II Abstract The battle at Midway was a pivotal moment in World War II. The United States Navy was in desperate need for victory, while the over –confident Japanese military force was riding on the tails of previous success. The U.S. gained intelligence and surprised the unsuspecting Japanese fleet. The battle was swift and just, with Japan sustaining a significant loss of life. Their loss of artillery, equipment and supplies proved to be unsurmountable. These losses led to a major shift in momentum towards the United States. The Japanese confidence level plummeted, in both the soldiers and the public. The U.S. celebrated the victory and built on that energy. Japan was forced to refocus military plans. Strategic initiatives changed from the Pacific theater to other, less desirable locations. A desperate focus to rebuild from the human and material loss was attempted. Carrier defense was strategized. Despite these refocus attempts; Japan was unable to regain triumph, making the Battle at Midway the most pivotal event in World War II history. Japan's losses, change in momentum and forced military refocus proved to be the revolution necessary to provide U.S. the triumph. The Battle of Midway June 4–7, 1942 recorded the most pivotal battle of World War II, the Battle of Midway. Prior to this, Japanese military ran almost unchecked throughout the western and central Pacific Ocean (Black, 2009). The recent defeat at Pearl Harbor wounded the United States ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. The Battle Of Midway During The World War II The battle of Midway was a Naval battle between the Japanese and the US that took place between the 4th and 7th of June 1942. The battle took place just off the coast of the Midway Islands which is known to be the midway point between Hawaii and Japan. This battle was the first naval battle in which the ships in combat never fired guns at or even saw each other. The battle was fought using aircraft taking off us Aircraft carriers who flew to the enemy ships and engaged them there. This battle is a turning point in the World War II Pacific theatre because it was the first battle against the Japanese in which the US emerged victorious, and it gave the US a chance to take on a more offensive role in the war. The US entered World War II on December 8, 1941, the day after theattack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The surprise attack on the American Naval base occurred in the morning of December 7th 1941. The Pacific naval fleet was docked in Pearl Harbor when the first Japanese aircraft swooped down from over head and started bombing American ships. Both sailors and marines began to take battle stations or general quarters on the ships to ward off the Japanese attack but to no prevail. The Japanese emerged triumphantly from the assault on the US at Pearl Harbor by destroying most of the American fleet. After this attack the Japanese were almost unopposed in their conquest of conquering south East Asia. Japan achieved a long series of military successes. In December 1941, Guam and Wake ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. Essay On The Battle Of The Coral Sea In World War II there were many new ways that war was fought, from massive air campaigns to the battles out on the sea between two naval fleets. The advancements in ships gave birth to colossal Aircraft Carriers that were used in the Pacific Theater of World War II. These battles were fought between the US Navy and the Imperial Japanese Fleet. The Aircraft Carriers in the Pacific Theater played large roles in major battles between the US and the Japanese so that the side with superior aircraft carrier presence won. In the Battle of the Coral Sea the Japanese attempted to seize Australia. This battle is one of the first naval confrontations between the US fleet and the Imperial Fleet. The Lexington, one of the carriers was scouting out enemy positions, and was getting bombers ready to hit the Japanese carrier the Ryukaku on the first day of the battle. The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This was also a very important battle because Japan would have used it to launch an invasion on Hawaii. The U.S through decrypting Japanese codes caught wind of the Japanese invasion and sent in 3 Aircraft Carriers, the Enterprise, the Hornet, and the Yorktown. The Japanese were unaware that there were U.S carriers at Midway and the four Japanese carriers the Soryu, Hiryu, Kaga, and Akagi would be caught by surprise. The Imperial fleet launched 108 zeros and bombers. The first wave was a failure no U.S carriers were in sight so they had no target, the Japanese had to send another wave out. The Japanese were ecstatic when they searched and saw no Carriers they thought the battle was won. The US carriers then attacked they sent torpedo bombers and they took out the lead ship the Akagi, then the Kaga met the same fate taking on three torpedos. The American's lost the Yorktown in the battle, but the Hiryu, would be hit by four bombs from dive bombers and the Soryu would also be destroyed (Hoyt 289 – ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. Analyzing The Whys And Wherefores Of The United States... Abstract This critical thinking research paper will scrutinize and analyze the whys and wherefores of the United States failures on trying to avert or stop what was a calculated and surprised Japanese attack against Pearl Harbor, and at the same time will try to bring to light some lessons from such of a catastrophic event. It is obvious that in term of gathering, examination, and management of intelligence, the United States was not in its best moments. Even though the painful lessons learned from the Pearl Harbor attack are not and will never be 100% effective to prevent another surprise attack, they will most certainly provide the military and civilian decision–makers with a valuable contribution to as stated above prevent another attack of such nature and devastation as well as to diminish the number of fatalities. Introduction During WWII Japan main intention was to become a strong nation and a world leader as well. The problem was that Japan was just a small island in the pacific and needed to import most of the natural resources needed from other countries. Japanese leaders considered they needed to acquire more land by invading other countries. The attack against Pearl Harbor was not more than an attempt to deter the U.S via the Pacific fleet from becoming a buffer zone in the war Japan was getting ready to start in Southeast Asia with the intention to expand its empire. Once the American fleet was crippled, the Japanese empire plan was to engage in ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Essay The Battle Of Midway The Battle of Midway On June 3rd, 1942, the United States declared war on Imperialistic Japan and Nazi Germany. Due to the bombing of the United States' naval base at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese the U.S. was forced to take action. The United States began their first naval battle near the Midway islands in defense of its pacific fleet and positioning. Midway was the Japanese' last goal for its western expansion in the Pacific. Just after midnight on June 4th,1942, the United States attacked a fleet of Japanese transport ships. One American torpedo plane took out fleet tanker "Akabono Maru". Later that morning at about 6:30am, Japanese planes began bombing midway island installations, though causing minimal damage to the U.S. naval ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... into World War II. During the Start of the war the United States encountered TheBattle of Midway. This battle would be one of the major turning points during World War II. The Japanese' motive for the bombing Pearl Harbor was to destroy the United States Pacific fleet so that the Japanese could have complete naval control of the Pacific Ocean as well as to go through with the Japanese Pan Asian program with–out the United States interference. Midway was the first major naval battle between the United Stated and Japan after Pearl Harbor. It was also one of the most important battles in all of World War II. The battle of Midway began in June of 1942 and ended just 4 days later. Though it was a relatively short battle, it was still immensely important to the United States victory over Japan in World War II. The Battle of Midway was fought with a variety of naval ships such as battleships, destroyers, aircraft carriers, as well as naval planes and submarines. Many of these ships and planes were lost during this battle especially for the Japanese.(Cressman, Robert J., "No End Save Victory", Naval Historical Center, June 1998) II. The Battle of Midway was short but there were still a significant number of casualties of ships, planes, and men. Although the Japanese acquired plenty more casualties in all three of these categories. The United States lost a total of 1 aircraft carrier, 1 ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. Battle Of Midway Research Paper The Battle of Midway is known as one of the most miraculous naval battles in modern history. It was a battle in which the enemy was seen as far superior and near invincible. This would be a battle fought from the skies with bombs that land in the ocean by Navy, Marine, and Army fighter pilots. The weather would prove crucial during aviation reconnaissance and attack missions. Since low ceilings and visibilities reduced by squalls and showers make adequate scouting difficult by the defending forces, bad weather during the approach and rendezvous increase the possibility of a surprise attack. Simply put for aviators it is great to have high ceilings and good visibility over the target area. However, low ceilings are better for carriers. The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It was no secret that the United States pilots were young and inexperienced while the Japanese pilots were Veterans who had never known defeat. In a 4 day span on an island 1,300 miles north of Oahu, America would give Japan their first loss of World War II. This battle would prove to be the turning point in the war against Japan and start the rebuild of the United States Navy. Set the Stage In the early morning of June 4th 1942, four Nakajima B5N aircraft attacked and caused heavy damage to the United States base on the island of Midway. These attacks were expected, according to valuable intelligence gathered by the U.S. Naval cryptologist using a machine nicknamed "magic". The machine intercepted and decoded Japanese communications. America knew Japan was planning a surprise attack, they just didn't know where. The base at Midway sent out a false report that the water systems were down. That report was relayed by the Japanese and at that point America knew when and where the next attack was planned. The cryptography technology proved to be the most valuable tool used during this entire battle. Shortly after the initial attacks on the base at Midway, American combat forces took the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. The Japanese Attack On Pearl Harbor In this case report I will examine the reasons why the United States failed to predict the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Relevant literature demonstrates that the U.S. did predict a war. In fact, it is argued that the U.S infiltrated the war through means of strategy and manipulation of persuasions within Japanese politics. Some of the tactics used included the use of negotiations and sanctions which inevitably forced Japan to initiate war. This case report demonstrates that the direct cause of failing to predict Pearl Harbor was due to uncertainty of the target (where) and of the method (how) that was to be used. This Case Report will demonstrate that these failures were caused by problems related to the collection, analysis, and management of U.S. intelligence. In conclusion, this Case Report will endeavor to highlight the importance of historical lessons for Intelligence Analysts and officers in dealing with future contingency. Introduction The objective and purpose of this Case Report is to endeavor to examine and outline the reasons why the U.S. was unable to predict the attack on Pearl Harbor December 7,1941, by Japanese Imperial forces. Based on the relevant literature, this Case Report will demonstrate that the U.S did in fact predict the onset of War with Japan and further address the belief of US Intelligence that the Japanese would be the first to initiate War. This assumption was based on the deterioration of U.S– Japanese relations prior to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. Battle Of Midway Research Papers The Battle Of Midway The battle of Midway was one of the most important battles in World War 11 it was a turning point of the war in Pacific between the United States and Japan the battle took place over four days June 4th 1942–June 7th 1942 Midway battle was really unfair the only reason we found out Japan was gonna attack Midway because our code breaker had intercepted a number of japanese transmission saying they were going to attack Midway. We didn't have anything the Japanese had over a hundred different ways on how to attack we had about fifty.Although we still beat Japan. This battle started because the japanese were had been formulating a plan to sneak up on the US forces. They hoped to trap a number of the US aircraft ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. Comparison Of The Cavs And Bulls Maddie Derouin The last time the Cavs and Bulls met each–other in the postseason was in 2010 when Cleveland won (4–1) in the First Round. The Cavaliers also won the 2014–15 regular season series against Chicago (3–1). The Wine and Gold are undefeated against Chicago in playoff games at Quicken Loans Arena (3–0). Including the regular season and the 2015 First Round series against, the cavs have won 22 their last 23 games at The Q. In four games against Chicago in 2014–15, LeBron James averaged 28.3 points, 7.0 rebounds, 6.3 assists and 1.8 steals in 37.2 minutes per game. In the most recent win over the bulls on april 5 (99–94)James registered a triple–double with 20 points, 10 rebounds, 12 assists and three steals in 37 minutes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The tiny American defense consisted of three aircraft carriers (Yorktown, Hornet, and Enterprise), fourteen destroyers, eight cruisers, and all the aircraft on Midway itself. The Yorktownaircraft carrier had just taken quite a beating in the Battle of the Coral Sea, received only minor repairs at Pearl Harbor before limping back into battle. With few and damaged troops, it seemed all but futile for the puny American fleet. But, one key factor of this war was that the Americans had figured out the Japanese code and knew something was up. This gave them the element of surprise. By June 4, the American fleet had located the Japanese fleet, just northeast of Midway. The American's had commenced a brave move that turned the tide of the battle. They had sent out multiple torpedo bombers, which had drawn the Japanese planes covering the aircraft carriers down to low altitude to destroy the torpedo bombers. This sacrifice allowed American SBD 'Dauntless' dive bombers to attack the aircraft carriers. Clouds were forming around 3000 meters above sea level. This provided excellent cover and concealment for the SBD 'Dauntless' bombers. The moment that the Japanese ordered to have the decked aircraft take off, the Hell–Divers were screaming towards them, dropping their bombs. The clouds, along with the fact that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. The Battle Of The Coral Sea The Battle of the Coral Sea has been addressed by several interviews from people who have participated in the Battle of the Coral Sea. This battle included aircraft carriers that engaged each other with the advantage of aviation assets. These aircraft carriers did not have the technology to see each other, so they relied significantly on the use of aviation assets. These aviation assets acted as artillery reconnaissance for the ships to engage the Japanese. This four day battle starting on four May 1942 was a major naval battle that was conducted in the Pacific Theater during World War II (WWII). The Battle of the Coral Sea consisted of the Japanese Navy, the United States, and Australia. The significance of aviation assets contributed... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This battle was important for a few reasons. It consisted of a carrier versus carrier battle which was the first in history as neither Japan nor the United States detected each other at sea. (Tulley.,2005). Considering neither side actually won this battle, it was considered a turning point in the Pacific. For the first time, the Allies had stopped the Japanese advance. Then again, the Japanese had some victories while they still experienced a series of losses. These defeats included Midway one month later, which was a major United States victory. Moreover, a few months after the Japanese attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor and almost a month before the battle at Midway, the Battle of the Coral Sea was one of the first aircraft carrier related conflicts that was conducted in the Pacific during World War II. The Battle of the Coral Sea resulted in being a game changer in the Pacific. Main Body During the Pacific war, the Battle of Midway has been known as a key battle in the Pacific. In contrast, the Battle of the Coral Sea which happened a month earlier, the three United States aircraft carriers would have faced seven Japanese carriers that had devastated Pearl Harbor five months earlier. With that being said, instead of only four carriers, the Battle of Midway may have ended differently. This battle resulted the world's first all aircraft carrier conflict at sea. It was also the first sea battle ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. The 's Leadership Style During World War II William Frederick Halsey, Jr., was the South Pacific Fleet Admiral during World War II, His passion for naval aviation helped save the community and provide national support from the American people back home. He was the major source of moral during the war for the American people, and always produced results whenever and wherever it was needed. Although Halsey's leadership style has been disputed more often than not, his decisions and role as Fleet Admiral during World War II served greatly in the American victory over Japan. HALSEY HELPED TIP THE BALANCE OF POWER IN THE PACIFIC DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF WORLD WAR II DURING 1942 –1943, AND ESTABLISH THE IMPORTANCE OF AVIATION AS A COMMUNITY IN THE NAVY. William Halsey was raised with the influence of the Navy from birth. He was born on October 30th, 1882 in New Jersey into a military family. His father was an officer in the Navy, and a distant relative, Captain John Halsey, served as an English privateer during Queen Anne's war 1703–1713. Halsey was essentially born into the navy, and was influenced by the service at such a young age. His boldness outspoken nature was first demonstrated at an early age when he had trouble receiving admission into the United States Naval Academy, and did not want to accept no for an answer. "What distinguished Halsey was the determination that he exhibited to get there...he immediately started writing letters to anyone who might help, including one plea to President William McKinley." His ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. The Life of Hideki Tojo and His Contribution to Japan Essay Hideki Tojo was born in Tokyo on December 30, 1884. Tojo was the eldest son in his family. Tojo entered military school in 1899. He ended up being forced to follow in the footsteps of his father. His father was a military man. He was a lieutenant colonel in the Sino–Japanese War and a major general in the Russo–Japanese War. Tojo and Katsuko Ito ended up getting married. Together they had seven children. He was born into a more respected family. Tojo's mother was the daughter of a Buddhist priest. He was Shinto and Buddhist. Shinto is a set of practices establishing a connection between present–day Japan and its ancient past. Buddhism is a religion that has a variety of traditions, beliefs based on teachings from Siddhartha Gautama.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The Navy gained important political influence over national and international affairs. During the era of the weak emperor Taisho, political powers were shifted from an Oligarchic government to a parliament and democratic parties. In the First World War, Japan joined the Allied powers, but only had a minor role in fighting against German forces in Eastern part of Asia. There was Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Japan's proposal of amending a "racial equality clause" agreement to the League of Nations were rejected by the following countries; United States, Britain and Australia. Racial discrimination towards the Japanese started hatred and rivalries between countries. They were again a major factor for the worst of a relation in the decades coming forward to World War 2. In 1924, for example, the US Congress passed the Exclusion Act that prohibited further immigration from Japan. These problems later were to be dealt by Tojo. Hideki Tojo came into power by attending Military college, and serving as a military attachГ© in Germany. He then became the leader of militarists of Japan. He started doing speeches about how he despised weak civilian politicians. His views were shared by many, even the army. People started liking and respecting him more when he led his army through victories in Manchuria from 1931 and on. Tojo then became even more popular and respected when he was named the Minister of War. He decided that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. The Battle of the Coral Sea Essay examples Introduction In the spring of 1942 the U.S. Navy and Japanese Imperial Fleet engaged in battle at sea on more than one occasion. The Battle of Coral Sea, however, was the first time that these too forces would engage one another at sea using only aircraft. This will be the first battle in history where ships from both sides would never see the other like most conventional naval battles; this one will be fought entirely by aircraft. History In the morning hours of December 7, 1941 the Japanese attacked the Hawaiian islands at Pearl Harbor. The Japanese had been feeling the pressures of World War II (WWII) as did many others. With the resources of the Japanese dwindling, the Japanese decided to attack the U.S. while... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Assisting its European allies in the war against the Nazi's, the U.S. was focusing much of its attention on the Atlantic and European theatre. During this time most of the United States was focusing on the war planes and sending soldiers to help fight. With the focus being almost entirely on the Atlantic the U.S. Navy was slowly cannibalizing the Pacific fleet to help block shipping lanes and fight the German U–Boats that were ravaging the Atlantic coastlines and shipping lanes. With the war raging on so far to our east and at the time, no viable threat laid to our west. During this year diplomatic peace talks had begun with the Japanese in the attempt to strengthen our relationships with non allied countries in the western pacific. The Japanese on the other hand had a different idea of things to come. Prior to 1941, the Japanese thought that if a war were to begin that the United States would be their only enemy, however, Japan's entry into the Tripartite Alliance and the United States' aid commitments to Britain had created a new international line–up which made previous Japanese naval planning obsolete. [1] With previous planning now obsolete a new concept to include war against the United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands was now a necessity. In January of 1941 AdmiralIsoroku Yamamoto, the commander–in–chief of the Japanese combined fleet conceived a plan of a surprise attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...