Ethics, Intellectual Property, And Piracy

Ethics, Intellectual Property, And Piracy
Personal and business ethics in an ever–expanding technological world are challenged in many
different ways. Multiple communication methods and the availability of the Internet have made a
large world much smaller in the context of information sharing, so the importance of understanding
and utilizing measures to protect intellectual property and copyrights is vital to business success,
ethical understanding and acceptance. In the following, I will specifically discuss the concepts of
copyright, intellectual property, and piracy. Copyrights are a form of intellectual property, and the
concepts of piracy and plagiarism threatens the viability and integrity of both. Understanding these
concepts helps shape individual and business codes of ethics.
Copyright and Intellectual Property Copyrights are defined by the United States Copyright office as
"original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other
intellectual works" (Copyright Basics, n.d.). The laws protect these works whether they are
published or not. Copyright laws protect these works from their time of inception and are not
required to be registered, though registration assists notifying the public about the work and makes
it easier for original owners to lay claim to the copyright if it has been infringed upon.
Copyright laws can be traced all the way back to the early 1700's when the first laws were enacted
to protect the works of individuals. According to the Intellectual
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Essay on intellectual property copyrights
Arka Bani Maini (10020510 )
Mid term paper on IPR : Copyrights
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property refers to all the intangible creations of the human mind, from scientific
inventions to literary and artistic works; from symbols to names and images used in commerce.
Earlier, Neo classical economics considered land, labour and capital as things of value. But slowly
information and energy are replacing them as wealth creating assets.[1]As , the world gets more and
more mobile , information can be transported instantaneously around the world , and any advantage
gained by a rival company can be discarded effectively overnight. In such a scenario, a major
challenge for companies would be to provide a blanket of protection for ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the important amendments to the Copyright Act in 2012 are[4]
1. extension of copyright protection in the digital environment such as penalties for circumvention
of technological protection measures and rights management information, and liability of internet
service provider and introduction of statutory licences for cover versions and broadcasting
organizations
2. ensuring right to receive royalties for authors, and music composers, exclusive economic and
moral rights to performers, equal membership rights in copyright societies for authors and other
right owners and exception of copyrights for physically disabled to access any works.
In the Copyright law of India , "Indian Work" means a literary, dramatic or musical work by an
author who is a citizen of India , or which was first published in India ,or in case of an unpublished
work , an author who at the time of creation , was a citizen of India. The total term of protection for
literary work is the author's life plus sixty years. For cinematographic films, records, photographs,
posthumous publications, anonymous publication, works of government and international agencies
the term is 60 years

The Problems Of Intellectual Property Rights
Professor Zili Yang
Econ314
11.26.2014
Hyunsup Yoon
The problems of Intellectual Property Rights In China
Abstract After Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening up policy in 1978, China recorded an annual
average growth rate of 9.67 percent in China. This is approximately three times higher than the
average annual growth rate of global economy which is 3.3% within the same period. Past 29 years,
due to rapid growth rate, China ranked the 2nd in trade volume and size of economy. However,
many side effects are appeared due to the rapid economic growth. This study will measure what is
the current state of the world's counterfeit goods market, why people violate the IPR protection and
produce counterfeit goods, what is the problem of IPR law enforcements and how violating law and
producing counterfeit goods in China influence the world.
Introduction Both economically and socially, influence of China is substantial. Economic and social
status of China is firm that it can not be oversighted. However, intellectual property rights have been
rising issues in China. First step to solve the problem is realize there is one. It is critical to recognize
which elements are violating IPR. Basic systematic error of IPR and counterfeit culture in China are
main factors for the obstacles.
Current state of the world's counterfeit goods market
"Carratu International estimates that the global counterfeit market, which already accounts for 9%
of world trade, will double in size over the next

Intellectual Property ( Ip ) Is Everywhere
Intellectual Property (IP) is everywhere. IP is inventions. IP is literary and artistic works. IP is
designs or symbols. IP is names and images used in commerce. Almost everything is IP. These
things can be protected by patent, copyright, service mark, or trademark. These topics are very
complicated; the consolidated version of US patent laws and rules is over 200 pages long. While
there are many good things about IP protection, there are also many unnecessary problems with it
that should be changed. Some of these problems include IP education, and the lack of it, the time
frame that these protections span, and the major lack of solid international laws. In most grade
schools and high schools, the only IP protection education is your English teachers telling you not to
plagiarize copyrighted works, or a business class may go into it a little. The majority of patent and
copyright education is in law schools but it is important to all of us, even if we don't want to go into
law, that we know these laws. Everybody is affected by IP, everybody creates IP, and everybody is a
copyright holder. Many people don't know that any original work is copyrighted from the moment it
is created in a tangible space, such as paper, film, or silicon chip, no registration necessary.
Copyrightable works include literary works, musical compositions, films, software programs, or
paintings. Patents cover inventions, ideas, designs, and compositions of matter. To get a patent, you
must first

Cisco vs. Huawei: Intellectual Property Essay
Cisco vs. Huawei: Intellectual Property
Introduction
On Jan. 23, 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. announced that it has filed a lawsuit against a Chinese
equipment manufacturer, Huawei Technologies, Co., LTD and its subsidiaries, Huawei America,
Inc. and FutureWei Technologies, Inc. over Huawei's unlawful copying of Cisco's intellectual
property. Cisco is the worldwide leader in networking for the Internet with the headquarter located
in US. Huawei, based in Shenzhen, China, is China's biggest telecommunications equipment maker,
has a wide reach in Asia, and recently entered the U.S. market, challenging Cisco on the pricing
front. Because the lawsuit happens between two representative companies of telecom industry in US
and China ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
. Copying of Command Line Interface: Cisco alleges that Huawei has copied Cisco's Command
Line Interface (CLI) and corresponding screen displays. CLI, a key component of Cisco's
copyrighted IOS software, is the user interface that enables users to communicate with the routers.
Extensive portions of Cisco's CLI and help screens appear verbatim in Huawei's operating system
for its Quidway routers and switches. . Patent infringement: Cisco alleges that Huawei is infringing
at least five Cisco patents related to proprietary routing protocols and has included these
technologies in its Quidway routers and switches. Cisco is seeking a preliminary and permanent
injunction prohibiting Huawei from using, selling, marketing, or distributing versions of their
Quidway routers and switches that infringe Cisco's intellectual property. Cisco also is seeking
monetary damages as compensation for Huawei's misappropriation of Cisco's intellectual property.
Huawei's response and claim to the lawsuit Huawei responded to the charges with a lengthy filing
denying outright many of Cisco's charges and challenging the company's legal status to bring others,
citing grounds such as alleged patent misuse and copyright abandonment by Cisco, as well as fair–
use laws.
Huawei

Australian Laws
AUSTRALIAN LAWS – Intellectual Property
What is intellectual property?
Intellectual property is any creation, owned by one or multiple owners, that is used commercially.
The designs, inventions or any work that is original can be protected by IP rights. Rights are
established through application and prevent any use without permission. The only way to use this
work, when not owned, would be to buy the rights. While rights are owned there is an opportunity
to make advancements with limited opposition. This is due to the competition not being able to act
since the idea is not theirs.
What are your rights and how can you protect your intellectual property? Explore the various forms
of protection for intellectual property including: patents, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The 4th to 9th cycle costs $300 – $350. The 15th to 19th cycle costs between $2300 – $2350
depending on the payment method (electronic or other). The protection period is then up after 20
years and would need to be renewed.
A standard application for a trademark costs $120 per type (tv show etv). A trademarked series costs
$270 per type. Registering fees are $300 which is the same cost of a renewal.
Applying for rights over a design can cost $250 – $350 and renewed for $320 – $370. Examination
fees cost $420 if done by the design owner and $210 if examined by a third party.
If fees are late the price can increase by $100 per month for an average of up to six months.
What are the constraints or issues surrounding protecting a design?
Different forms of intellectual property protection have certain limitations on the time period they
are in effect. The duration a patented design lasts is for 10 years. Fees are paid to make sure this
protection remains. A registered design prevents third parties from utilizing the product for up to 25
years if it is renewed each five year period. Proof must be given that a person has created a design.
These could be copies or photographic evidence of the design. The aspects of a design that are
forbidden for use by others are the appearance, shape, arrangement and decoration. There are some
criteria the design must meet in order for it to be protected. It must be new, not offensive, not
contain already protected designs and is not

Intellectual Properties And Intellectual Property
What is intellectual property? What do you think of when you hear intellectual property? Can an
idea or invention that exist in your mind be considered property? Yes, it can. Intellectual property is
an invention or an idea that gives a person the exclusive rights to a product or a process. There are
many types of intellectual properties like inventions, discoveries, artwork, and writings. Intellectual
property can be stolen; someone can misuse it without permission. Violation of intellectual property
rights, also called infringements, can result in a lawsuit or a fine, depending on the type of
intellectual property involved. Intellectual property is protected by copyright laws, patents and
trademarks. There are steps that can be taken to protect one's property. Intellectual property's value
is not based on physical properties, instead, intellectual property is valuable because it holds
ownership and exclusive rights to use, sell, and promote a creation or idea. The history of
intellectual property dates back to 500 B.C. when a chef in the Greek colony of Sybaris were
granted monopolies for creating culinary delights. There are three basic areas of intellectual
property, patents, trademarks, and copyrights.
One form of intellectual property is patents. A patent gives an inventor the rights to his or her
invention. It prevents others from using the product without permission. From a legal stand point, a
patent excludes others from selling, using or profiting from a product

The Importance Of Intellectual Property
Intellectual property is often misunderstood in the employment relationship. The protection of
intellectual property and confidential information is essential and valuable in for both employees
and employers. Employees may misuse confidential information during their employment or once
their engagement comes to an end. It is vital that employers take all necessary measures to prevent
intellectual property infringement. Disputes over ownership of intellectual property are likely to
arise between employees and employers however this essay will discuss the numerous ways to
reduce the likelihoods of it occurring. Simple measures can be extremely beneficial for a business
and there are three major aspects that employers should focus on in order to prevent IP infringement
and these include employee intake, employment contract and employee exit interviews. The chances
of intellectual property theft have increased significantly in recent years due to new technologies
and the internet. This essay will discuss why and how employers can protect their business when or
if the employment relationship breakdown or ceases.
World International Property Organisation (WIPO) refers to intellectual property as "creations of the
mind: inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images used in commerce".
Intangible assets including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and tradesecrets are the most important
forms of intellectual property protection for any business. A patent

Intellectual Property And Copyright Property Rights Essay
Introduction
When we use our mind as the intelligent humans we are, sometimes out of that comes Intellectual
property. Intellectual property is an idea that was created by one with the intention to trademark,
copyright or patent the creation they have made. There are many forms of intellectual property that
exist ranging from artistic sides to mechanical sides and etc. With those many forms intellectual
property is broken down into two factions, industrial property and copyright in which all the forms
of intellectual property lye somewhere in those two factions. To understand intellectual property a
little more we need too look at the two and break down the factions. Also take a look at the
protection and the laws that pertain to copyright, trademarks, and patents.
Discussion
The term intellectual property refers to the innovations of the human mind. Intellectual property
rights protect the interests of these innovators by giving them property rights attached to those ideas.
The term "intellectual property rights" stands for these legal rights that authors, inventors, and other
creators have. Intellectual property laws relate to a particular way in which ideas or information is
expressed or displayed, but not the actual ideas or exact concept itself. The first use of the
expression "intellectual property" appears to be October 1845, in Davoll vs. Brown, a patent case in
Massachusetts. Justice Charles Woodbury said that "only in this way can we protect

The Intellectual Property
The lawyer Gregory T. Victoroff said "At its best, sampling benefits society by creating a valuable
new contribution to modern music literature. At its worst, sampling is vandalism and stealing".
Half–way between creativity and plagiarism, sampling is a controversial issue in the music industry
and the infringement of copyright. In this assignment I'm going to be discussing copyright and
intellectual property rights in relation to the music industry.
The Statute of Anne, was the first form of law that protected intellectual property, invented in the
UK in 1709. The ultimate goal of intellectual property law is that human knowledge is increased and
made accessible to everyone. Under the umbrella of intellectual property, there are four rights that
protect creative works: performers rights, moral rights, trademarks and copyright. This rights need
to exist in order to protect artistic integrity and give entitlement to the authors. Intellectual property
covers different rights in the creative industries, especially, copyright is the frame that governs all
the activities in the music industry.
Moral rights are the basis of artistic integrity, as opposed to copyright that gives rights to receive
economic reward for the use of a creative work. Moral rights include the right of paternity, which is
the right to be identified as the author of the work. False attribution right gives right to not have a
work falsely attributed to you. And integrity right, is the right of an author

Impact Of Intellectual Property Theft And Copyright...
This report will examine the impact of intellectual property theft and copyright infringement upon
the company Music and Film Innovators. I will obtain statistical data that shows what, how, and
who is responsible for these thefts. I will also provide viable solutions and recommendations to
Music and
Film Innovators (MFI) in order to reduce the company's exposure and subsequent losses. I will
provide various ways that Music and Film Innovators creations and personnel data can be protected
so that hackers cannot steal valuable data. I will also provide MFI ways that it can identify quickly
any copyright infringements of its products. In order to understand the threat against MFI I will
provide a brief history and assessment of the problem. In 2013, a new intelligence assessment
concluded that the United States is the target of a massive, sustained cyber–espionage campaign that
is threatening the country's economic competitiveness, according to individuals familiar with the
report (Nakashima, 2013). U.S. intellectual property is worth $5‐5.5 trillion‐ which is more than the
gross domestic product (GDP) of any other country
(Espinel, 2010). Intellectual property accounts for more than half of all U.S. exports, helping drive
40% of U.S. economic growth (Espinel, 2010). It is estimated that criminals stole a combined $4.6
billion worth of intellectual property from the 1000 companies around the world polled by McAfee
in their Unseen Economies Report. Those

Intellectual Property Essay
Technology is now the foundation to any society and in America; digital products (mp3 files,
videos, books, etc.) are protected as intellectual property. Theft of any intellectual property would
have similar (and in some cases more severe) consequences as stealing a car or shoplifting,
however, some countries that fall behind in the development of intellectual property can easily steal
digital products and produce them for a much cheaper and easier rate of production. One such
country is China, which has indirectly stolen billions of dollars for the American economy by either
replicating or developing products that America invented. America has tried to engage the Chinese
to try to stop such theft, but while doing so may have surpassed ... Show more content on
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If this happened on a large–scale basis, it would actually impair efforts to make the domain safer as
it actually would slow down the entire Internet (London, 2011). By simply typing in the IP address
and offering a free plug–in to transfer addresses into code automatically users can access a blocked
website. In contrast, Protect IP Act enables a judge to order companies such as Mastercard or PayPal
to stop doing business with webpages that participate in piracy. Protect IP Act is one of the first bills
to address major piracy issues, but is the bill constitutional? The United States government has
oppressed constitutional rights before. For example, if the government suspects you of being a spy
or terrorist the government can tap into your phone line without a warrant (Risen & Lichtblau,
2009). The United States has also invested large sums of money into surveillance cameras that are
placed throughout the country (Kravets, 2009). Why is the Internet any different? The cultural
commons allows for thoughts and ideas to be shared openly, to all individuals. In America, the
semantics for the IPAD 3 are not part of the "cultural commons" as they are thoughts of one person
(or company). Individuals should be able to do what they want on the web, but in society there are
rules and those rules need be followed whether on Google or in Sears. America has strong
intellectual property protection in America, but America can do very little

Questions On Intellectual Property Rights
700623621
MID EXAM
1Ans) Intellectual property right gives credit to the original work done by the people .The law
the creative work of the people from coping or imitating without their permission. There are
three main things that protect the intellectual right .They are copyrights, patents and trademarks.
As the technology increases instead of thinking newly ,people are choosing a alternative or easy
way of imitating the other works and showing as their own work .
Here are few examples of violating the intellectual property rights:
1.)A Beijing court in china has ruled that Microsoft violated intellectual properties of a Chinese
company. Violation was over fonts that are used in previous versions of windows operating
system, which lead Microsoft to stop selling versions of windows that use Chinese fonts.
There are violations of pirated copies of windows that are been selling in China. There was
an agreement of using fonts in windows from Zhongyi's intellectual property. But Zhongyi
appealed that the agreement was for Windows 95 only but not for other versions of windows.
2.) In San Juan, the group was arrested by Puerto Rico Police working jointly with U.S
Immigration and Customs Enforcement, San Juan Municipal Police for producing counterfeit
CDs and DVDs at flea market and selling them around Puerto Rico. They were arrested for
violating copyrights. Local police with the help of state and federal partners and ICE launched

operational

Intellectual Property Protection and Enforcement Essay
Intellectual property (IP) is defined as property that is developed through an intellectual and creative
processes. Intellectual property falls under the category of property known as intangible rights,
which includes patents (inventions of processes, machines, manufactures, and compositions of
matter), copyrights (original artistic and literary works of), trademarks (commercial symbols), and
trade secrets ((product formulas, patterns, designs). Intellectual property rights has a significant
value to both individuals and businesses, providing in the case of large companies, over one half of
their value on return. Since intellectual property rights are so important to the U.S. economy and its
citizens, federal and state law provides ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By contrast, the constitutional basis for federal trademark law is the Commerce Clause." (Yeh, p.1,
2012).
As a result, many laws, such as the Uniform Trade Act, the Misappropriation of a Trade Secret, the
Economic Espionage Act, the Copyright Act, the Federal Patent Statute, and Lanham Act just to
mention a few, have been enacted to provide legal protection against the unauthorized use, theft, and
other violations of the rights granted by those statutes to the intellectual property owners. For
instance, the Economic Espionage Act (EEA) was enacted by congress making it a federal crime to
steal another's trade secrets for own or another's benefit. In addition, the EEA was passed to address
the ease of stealing trade secrets through computer espionage and using the internet, and to penalize
those who commit these type of crimes. Additionally, these laws allow the IP owners to recover any
profits made by the offender, recover any damages, provide severe criminal penalties, fine
organizations, and impose prison terms and injunctions to all perpetrators as a remedy.
Furthermore, intellectual property rights gives their owners or holders monopoly rights as a
protective measure for a specific period of time. For example, in 1995, congress modified the U.S.
patent law to make invention patents valid for 20 years and design patents valid for 14

Intellectual Property Rights ( Ipr )
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) Intellectual Property Rights, which also known as
IPR is simply the thoughts, inventions and innovative statements focused on which there is a public
willingness to present the condition of the property. IPR provides certain exclusive rights to the
innovator of the property, in order to empower them to reap business advantages from their creative
efforts or notoriety. The types of Intellectual Property Right include
Copyright
Patent
Trademarks
Design Rights
Licensing APPLE VS SAMSUNG
Apple Inc. and Samsung are two smartphone companies which have their products sold worldwide
and are without a doubt, two of the most successful companies in the smartphone industry. For
many years, the two companies have been going at each other filling lawsuits against one another
claiming one is infringing the patents of the other. APPLE SUING SAMSUNG FOR $2 BILLION
One of the more recent wars between Apple and Samsung took place in Silicon Valley, California.
U.S.A. Apple have decided to sue Samsung for an estimated amount of $2 billion for alleged
copying of designs and features in their smartphone. Apple have claims that Samsung have
infringed five patents which Samsung Devices have sold in the United States between 2010 and
2012. Although, the trial has likewise has brought Google into the case, with Samsung defence
asserting that the features named by Apple in the lawsuits really started in the Android OS.
PATENTS APPLE CLAIM

Overview of Intellectual Property
Table of Contents
Overview of Intellectual Property 3
Types of Intellectual Property Rights 3
Industrial property 4
Copyright 5
Controversy of Intellectual Property 5
Intellectual Property in the Digital Age 7
No Electronic Theft Act 9
Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 9
Case Study Involving Intellectual Property – Domain Names 9
Conclusion 11
The term intellectual property refers to the innovations of the human mind. Intellectual property
rights protect the interests of these innovators by giving them property rights attached to those ideas.
The term "intellectual property rights" stands for these legal rights that authors, inventors, and other
creators have. Intellectual ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Views on intellectual property vary from the belief that that intellectual property should be
protected, to the view that ideas should be completely unrestricted and free to use. Thomas Jefferson
believed that ideas had the right to be shared, saying:
"If nature has made any one thing less susceptible than all others of exclusive property, it is the
action of the thinking power called an idea, which an individual may exclusively possess as long as
he keeps it to himself; but the moment it is divulged, it forces itself into the possession of everyone,
and the receiver cannot dispossess himself of it. Its peculiar character, too, is that no one possesses
the less, because every other possesses the whole of it. He who receives an idea from me, receives
instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without
darkening me. That ideas should freely spread from one to another over the globe, for the moral and
mutual instruction of man, and improvement of his condition, seems to have been peculiarly and
benevolently designed by nature, when she made them, like fire, expansible over all space, without
lessening their density in any point, and like the air in which we breathe, move, and have our
physical being, incapable of confinement or exclusive appropriation. Inventions then

Copyright Of The Intellectual Property
a MID EXAM
1Ans) Intellectual property right gives credit to the original work done by the people .The law the
creative work of the people from coping or imitating without their permission. There are three main
things that protect the intellectual right .They are copyrights, patents and trademarks.
As the technology increases instead of thinking newly ,people are choosing a alternative or easy
way of imitating the other works and showing as their own work . Here are few examples of
violating the intellectual property rights:
1.)A Beijing court in china has ruled that Microsoft violated intellectual properties of a Chinese
company. Violation was over fonts that are used in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3.)Adidas a multinational corporation was using three stripe marks as a logo since 1952, but it
registered its logo as trademark recently. Payless other similar kind of company was also
confusingly using similar kind of logo. Adidas registered its logo making an agreement with payless
in 2001. Payless after settlement also started selling look–alikes logo which was violating the rule of
their agreement. For violating rule by payless, Adidas has been awarded $305 million which was
calculated $100 million for each stripe.
4.) In July, castle French wine company was fined $5million for using the trade mark of another
shanghai based company. He used shanghai banti trademark ' ka site ' ,transliteration of castle. As
china uses first come first serve trade mark system the Chinese company owner has registered first
in 1998 but as castle used this he was prosecuted for using others company 's trade mark.
5.) Music as a best part of life in almost all kind of people in the world, with this popularity in music
there was so many groups that are looking to sell them and make money. Around the same time a
music application was created by an 18 year old kid, the application was a peer–to–peer music
sharing service which allows users to download music files for free, which made music group such
as A&M Records and other similar

Protection of Intellectual Property Essay
Protection of Intellectual Property
Introduction
There is a lot of controversy about intellectual property and its application to software. There are
many difficult, fundamental questions that arise, such as exactly what aspects of a piece of software
should be protected under copyright or patent. [5] Despite the fact that applying existing laws to
software is not very straight–forward, some sort of legal protection for intellectual property is
necessary, as it provides a significant amount of positive outcomes, which will be described further
in this paper. We will argue that the legal protection for intellectual property is an ethical obligation
from a rule utilitarian ethical framework because it promotes innovation and economic ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[6]
One of the most useful aspects of the legal protection of intellectual property is the drive towards
innovation that it inspires. This is traditionally accomplished through a monetary incentive that is a
result of the exclusivity granted by a copyright or patent. The potential of being granted the
exclusive rights for the creation and distribution of a potentially new and useful idea or technology
is what drives people to create new ideas in a capitalist society. [4] By copyrighting software,
software developers are encouraged to create new and exciting software because they have, at the
very least, a monetary incentive to benefit from their work. Finally, copywriting software allows the
creator to determine how his software is to be used. For example, software copyright has enabled
licenses like the General Public License, which allows anyone to use the software without
restriction, but requires that any modification of the software be "shared openly like the original."
[3] Clearly, the rights granted by legal protection of intellectual property have and will continue to
promote innovation.
The legal protection of intellectual property also promotes economic growth. The manufacturing
industry, as well as the pharmaceutical and publishing industries are among many industries in the
modern

Intellectual Property Theft
Chinese involvement in Intellectual Property Theft
The depth of China's involvement in intellectual property theft is far greater than I would have ever
expected. Prior to taking the business law course, I never thought about what intellectual property
theft was or the impacts that it has. The report of the Commission on the Theft of American
Intellectual Property, states that "China is the world's largest source of Intellectual Property theft"
(pg 10 & 11) costing the American economy hundreds of billions of dollars per year, along with
millions of jobs.
Studies have estimated around seventy percent of the intellectual property theft is related to China.
The head of the National Security Agency told a Senate panel that China's government ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On March 14th Motorola Solutions filed complaints in U.S. District Court for the Northern District
of Illinois against Hytera Communications Corporation limited. The case number of the patent
infringement is 1:17–cv–1972 and 1:17–cv–1973 is the case for the trade secret theft. Hytera a
company based in Shenzhen, China had the assistance of three engineers from Motorola that prior to
their resigning were able to download and transfer thousands of highly classified Motorola
documents. Motorola is seeking to prohibit Hytera sales and imports into the United

Intellectual Property: Copyright, Trademark
Intellectual property
Intellectual property refers to the nonphysical property that is legally protected and owned.
Intellectual property includes properties such as copyright, trade secret, patent, or even ideas.
Intellectual property is called so as it is the creation of human intellect. The right enjoyed by
creators over an intellectual property is called the intellectual property right.
Among others, following intellectual properties can be used to protect the business or ideas from
competitors.
Trademark
Trademark is very useful as it prevents others from using the mark owned by a person or business.
For example, if ABC Corporation is the owner of mark "Alfa", no one can use this mark without
ABC Corporation's permission. This enables

Definitions of Intellectual Property
Definitions Intellectual Property
Name
Institutional Affiliation
Date:
Definitions Intellectual Property
Definitions of intellectual property, its legal protections, and the impact of the moral justifications
that exist in cyberspace
Intellectual property defines a wide range of the property created by investors, artistes, authors, and
musicians. The law governing intellectual property naturally includes the copyrights, trademarks,
and patents law. Its main intention is to motivate the development of art, sciences, and information
giving defined rights of property to all the artistes, who include inventors of science and art. These
rights assist artists to safeguard themselves from violation, unauthorized misuse, and use of their
creations. Service marks and trademarks safeguard distinguishing characteristics (such as a package
and name design) that are linked with certain products and services that display commercial source
(Blakley, Johanna 2010).
Laws safeguarding copyrights have strong links with the England law of the eighteenth century.
Complete patent laws may be tracked from the seventeenth–century in England, but they have
always been part of the law of United States from the colonial period (Spinello, 2004). The concepts
of patent and copyright were all included in the constitution of the United States. The congress has
the power to encourage the development of useful art and science. It does this by safeguarding
constraint time to inventors and authors the

Intellectual Property through the development of computing technology Intellectual Property refers
to any original creative work manifested in a substantial form that can be protected. When an
intellectual property right is mentioned, it refers to controlling the manner in which intellectual
property is used, distributed or accessed. The intellectual property right is enforced by the World
Intellectual Property Organization which is an organ of the United Nations. The organization holds
that intellectual property rights are those rights that a person has over their own mind creations
(Bagheri and Casprini 33–34). The World Intellectual Property Organization gives the creators
exclusive rights over the use of their creation for a given period of time. This essay will focus on the
history, how intellectual property and computing technology work together, the different forms of IP
and protecting them. The operations and functionality of various industries across the world
continue to change rapidly since the 21st Century. The change process started around the mid of the
20th Century when the industries began evolving on the design and innovation process. This marked
the beginning of the adoption of new means of information flow due to the advent of computers and
computing technology. Information technology and computers aided in the rapid advancement in
various fields (Bagheri and Casprini 37–38). The ever increasing scope of making better designs,
invention of modern

Essay on Intellectual Property
1. Why is the market for intellectual property (IP) so illiquid and inefficient today?
IP is becoming increasingly important in the world economy. This can be seen in the increase of
patent application and granting. Contrary to the growing IP assets, the market for IP was still con–
sidered small and illiquid. Obstacles hindering the uptake of the IP market are:
High search and transaction costs for both sides, seller and buyer: There is no transparent mar–ket
providing fair value estimates such as ebay.com where inventors or patent owners can look for a
market for their IP rights. Further, standardized licensing deals do not exist: most IP trans–actions
are based on customized deals and thus require long periods of negotiation and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Live auctions (e.g. Ocean Tomo)
IP auctions are similar to live auctions including an auctioneer. The patents were sold to the high–est
bidder if the reserve price was reached. Reve–nue was made through
1. fees charged for selling and bidding
2. buyer's/seller's premium for successfully closed transactions  about 3 auctions a year since 2004
 $14.3 million revenue at last auction in 2010
 Very sensitive to economic changes: auction after financial crisis in 2009 only sold 7% of its lots
(average sale–to–listing ration: 38%)
d. Online IP platforms (e.g. Tynax)
Companies offering the service of an online IP market designed to match buyer requirements with
sellers' offerings. Revenue is achieved through commissions on completed transactions and
registration fees in case of Yet2.com.  Tynax lists over 10.000 patents for sale
 No acquisition of IP – solely mediator
 Create transparency and reduce transaction costs to match buyers with patents
 Revenue from commission range from $100.000 to $10 million
e. Intellectual Property Exchange Interna–tional (IPXI)
Independent company, created by Ocean Tomo to establish the first global exchange of IP thus
trading contract rights in patents, trademarks and copyrights.

Ethics Intellectual Property
Ethics and Intellectual Property
Intellectual property (IP) is the meant to protect the creations of the mind, such as inventions for
trademarks (sign, design or expression), patents (mechanics, pharmaceuticals, and chemistry), and
copyrights (books) used in commerce. By definition it is an intangible property, the product of
human ingenuity, protected by law (Johnson & Lau, 2011). Intellectual property needs to be
protected for the consumer and for the industries competitiveness. The government and the federal
laws can protect intellectual property. The regulations for intellectual property may be far fetching,
but they are there for valid reasons. There needs to be a proper balance between content producers
and the public good. Those ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When these regulations were first set they was no cell phones, Internet, digital media, and computer
chips in cars. With arguments being made about the ability to resell books that someone has
purchased overseas, it is infringing on the right to sell for the publisher (Reynolds, 2013). If a
person purchases a car and they want to perform the maintenance on the vehicle it can make the
warranty on the vehicle void, as the person has potentially encrypted the computer data in the
system (Reynolds, 2013). A person placed a patent on the process of unlocking cell phones, so every
time someone unlocks the device they are potentially breaking the law of the patent (Reynolds,
2013). There is a world of people that think if great ideas, but does that make it ok for someone to
trademark a phrase that many people use, I do not think

Ethics And Intellectual Property : Personal Property
ETHICS AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Introduction In this week's assignment, we will look
at the subject of ethics and intellectual property. First, start off by looking at the basics of what
intellectual property, and take a closer look at case that has involved these issues. Then we will
discuss why it is important to protect intellectual property. Next we will look at how can intellectual
property be protected? Then we will discuss if intellectual protections ever go "too far"? Finally
what is the proper balance between content producers and the public good? Why is it important to
protect intellectual property? Before looking at the case I selected and the questions posed in this
paper, what is intellectual property? Intellectual property is defined as intangible (not a physical
thing, such as an idea) property, the product of human ingenuity, protected by law (Lau, Johnson,
Pg. 155, 2001). It is important to have a system in place to be able to register and protect these ideas
and intangible property, so that the rightful owners of this property get the proper recognition and
possible rewards. Now let us look at the legal case Liberty Ammunition LLC vs. U.S.. In July 2010
Liberty Ammunition LLC an ammunition manufacture filed and was granted a patent for a newly
designed firearms projectile (bullet). This new bullet design replaced the core of the bullet that is
commonly made of lead with a copper core. This new bullet was dubbed a "Green Bullet" since the
new copper

Intellectual Property in Singapore Essay
Introduction to Intellectual property and various property laws in Singapore
First of all, the definition of Intellectual property refers to the creation of mind, such as literary and
artistic works, inventions, designs, names, symbols, logos and even images used in industries.
Some example of Intellectual property are that business owners, they are given exclusive rights for
the use of their trademark or even their identity, logo, which were originally established by them.
Even for creative artistes like singers, artist are granted copyrights on their musical, drawings,
artistic works for their creation. This would allow the artistes to protect their product from getting
using by other people without claiming credits from the original ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It can also be the new method of doing things, or a technical improvement. Once it is granted, the
term of a patent is 20 years from the Date of Filing, subject to the payment of annual renewal fees. A
patent can also be employed to raise funds for your business and licensing it to third parties for
commercial returns.
There are three criteria for an invention to be patentable. The first criteria is New. The invention
should not be publicly known in anyway or anywhere around the world. The owners of invention
should be careful in keeping the invention as secret until a patent application has been successfully
made. If the idea has already been commercially exploited, demonstrated or advertised, the novelty
of it may be compromised. If the invention requires disclosure to a third party before the patent
application is made, a non–disclosure agreement should be drawn up.
The second criteria is inventive step. The invention must be a representation of improvement over
any existing product or process that is already available. The improvement cannot be obvious to
someone with technical skills or knowledge in its particular field. The invention would not fulfil the
requirements of this criteria if it is obvious to a person skilled in the art, even though it is new.
The third criteria is industrial application. The invention must be useful and have some form of
practical application. It

Intellectual property are the legal rights (control and ownership) of creations, such as ideas;
inventions; designs, etc. for the use in commerce (Bainbridge, 2012). Intellectual law in countries
seeks to deter individuals or organizations from copying or capitalizing upon another's work. The
main areas protected by protect intellectual property law include: patent, copyright, trademark, and
trade secret. Intellectual Property can be categorized under the following:
Monopoly Right to prevent copying De Facto Monopoly Contractual
Patents Unregistered Trade Marks Trade Secrets Confidential Information
Registered Trade Marks Unregistered Designs Know–How Registered Design Copyright
This essay focuses on Patents, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other hand, Patents could be expensive and there is no guarantee of a grant but most
important is that the secrecy that comes with patents does not necessarily equate to a better product
or a good business idea for the product. This is a decision the inventor must take into account.
There is also a need to have a design protection system. The fundamental idea being that design
protection encourages novel design and prevents rapid growth of identical designs because
producers are blocked from copying. Visual appeal is a key factor in influencing the decision of
buyers. It makes sense even more when the products serve the same function, the design of a
product could potentially sway consumers, and therefore aesthetics are important (WIPO, 2004).
The main idea being that everyone needs to come up with their own design. There are two kinds of
design rights:
a. Unregistered Design Right: is one where you do not have to apply to protect the product. It covers
only 3D items because it protects the shape and configuration of the item and the right lasts from 10
–15 years. An interesting clause with the unregistered design, is that the license can be granted to
other parties in the last five years. It also leaves room for an agreement on costs can be reached with
the other party and the original producer of the item.
b. Registered Design: must be applied for at some cost. It focuses on

"Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce" (United States Patent and Trademark
Office, 2013). There are many ethical issues that have arisen in the business world today pertaining
to intellectual property. Some people may not think that it is important to protect intellectual
property however, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) does just that.
"Intellectual property is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which
enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create" (United
States Patent and Trademark Office). Protecting trademarks and logos is important, as these things
are rightfully owned by the person or company which created them. Many companies are known by
their intellectual property, such as symbols, names and logos. It can also be very costly to have these
artistic logos created, making it more frustrating when someone chooses to copy or 'steal' the logo
and use it as their own.
Ethical Issues
Businesses generally have attorneys to represent them or advise them on business law, and to read
documentation to ensure there are no legal issues. There can be ethical issues when consulting with
an attorney who represents another business that may have similar intellectual property as another
business. In the licensing journal, it

The Definition of Intellectual Property
WhiteLaw
Abstract: Intellectual property is one phrase that can mean many different and often confusing
things. Many eyebrows raise, in fact, at even the mention of the phrase when considering whether or
not anyone truly owns their thoughts on the same level as physical property. In order to clarify the
definition completely, it is helpful to evaluate intellectual property as it is modernly perceived and
advocated within the academic and public sector. This essay will define intellectual property using a
peer reviewed article on the subject.
Summary: Part of the problem with intellectual property is clearly defining its value. In fact, many
countries to this day bicker when defining their intellectual property laws and the extent to which
any type of intellectual property should be protected. There have not been any studies conducted in
the last 20 years on the actual value of intellectual property, which makes it even more difficult for
countries to define. After sampling United States and Foreign companies, it can be concluded that
the greatest measure of intellectual property value is the overall investment that has been placed
within the company since the invention of that information. Additionally, the greater protection a
country offers for intellectual property, the more foreign businesses will enter the country.
Personal Response: This article is in part correct and in part incorrect. It is obvious

Intellectual Property in The US
Intellectual Property Intellectual property is an incredibly complicated facet of the law. In the
United States, we have many laws in place to control and limit profiting from others intellectual
property. The issue is not only profiting from others intellectual property, but not purchasing the
property from the originator as well. We will discuss why it is important to protect this property as
well as why it is tremendously difficult to regulate all these safe guards. "Intellectual Property has
the shelf life of a banana." Bill Gates
Why Protect Intellectual Property "Protecting your intellectual property is crucial to your business."
(Hinson, 2014) When business have intellectual property that is going to be popular or helpful in ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
("Patents," 2014)
Copyrights
"A copyright provides protection for original works of authorship, fixed in a tangible medium of
expression including literary, musical, and dramatic works, as well as photographs, audio and visual
recordings, software, and other intellectual works." (Hinson, 2014) Copyrights are often the most
difficult intellectual property to protect. The internet has become such an important tool for business
and commerce. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to enforce laws that are broken via
the internet. Many times piracy is the biggest issue of copyright infringement that involves
intellectual property.
Trademarks
"A trademark protects the name of your product by preventing other business from selling a product
under the same name." (Hinson, 2014) Trademarks are incredibly important to business and
especially corporations that produce many products that can be mimicked easily. A service mark
falls under trademarks. A service mark is used when a business offers services rather than products.
(Hinson, 2014)
FBI'S role The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) tracks and helps to enforce violations of
intellectual property crimes. "The FBI's strategic objective is to detect and disrupt state sponsored
groups and international and domestic criminal organizations that manufacture counterfeit and
pirated goods or steal, distribute or otherwise profit from the

Intellectual Property, Copyright, And Patents
Copyright was incorporated to promote advancement of knowledge and to protect the right of the
inventor, yet the law's interpretation to the present society is doing the exact opposite. Intellectual
Property consists of two systems in protecting your ideas and inventions, copyrights and patents.
Patents are usually used for creators or inventions while copyright is more of expression or ideas
like music, movies, etc. The intellectual property, copyright and patents placed in nowadays are
causing a big issue and are not doing the original laws justice. The first amendment prohibits
abridging the freedom of speech (1st Amendment Bill of Rights). Based on what the first
amendment allows us to do, individual should not be prevented from exercising that right.
Intellectual property, copyright and patents are causing the very problems they were created to
prevent. Companies are misusing these rights for their own economic advancement. Kembrew
Mcleod made similar arguments in his piece, Freedom of Expression: Overzealous Copyright Bozos
and Other Enemies of Creativity. There has to be middle ground within these laws so that issues do
not arise.
Points that support this idea occur in the build up of the social networking site called Facebook.
Mark Zuckerberg the current CEO of Facebook was sued by Divya Narenda, Tyler Winklevoss and
Cameron Winklevoss on grounds of breaking the intellectual property clause. Harvard Connection
(currently known as ConnectU) is a social networking site

Intellectual Property In Australia
Intellectual Property and Copyrights PATENTS ACT 1990: Patents are rights enforceable by law. It
is the protection given to the inventors for their invention. Patents are granted for specific period. By
patenting an invention, individual restricts the exploitation of his/her patent by others on a
commercial level. Invention must be new idea or solution and useful. It may be the development of
new device, substance method or process. Thus, patent can be product patent or process patent.
Process patent protects the patentee also against the goods if imported using that patented invention.
Invention must be differentiated from discovery. However , patentable invention can be one
discovered if it explains how it can be successfully employed in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When an invention infringed is protected is being used by the third party without the permission of
the patentee it is called direct infringement. Indirect infringement also termed as contributory
infringement is said to have occurred if the patented product is supplied without the permission of
the patentee to the third party and latter has made a subsequent use of it resulting in an infringement.
Following are the remedies for the infringement of the patent in Australia: a. Injunctive Relief –
preliminary or permanent injunctions. b. Damages– lost profit, Reasonable Royalty, Supplement
Damage theories which include Price Erosion, Lost Profits on Sales of Unpatented Items,
Accelerated Market Entry Damage. Based upon number of factors enhanced damage may be
provided to the patentee at the discretion of the court. Attorney's fees and cost can also be recovered
in the exceptional case. Patent rights are derived from federal statutes and hence gives rise to federal
questions. Patent infringement is meted by federal district court. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit (CAFC) is the last resort in patent matters. [Joseph E. Walsh] IP Australia has issued
guidelines for the future directions to the organization through IP Australia Strategic Plan 2015–
2018. It aims to become leading IP

Ethics And Intellectual Property Of Intellectual Properties
Ethics and Intellectual Property When discussing a creation or idea, the creator of such concept
must be rewarded. This must be the case for any situation. For most cases this is true, but because
the ownership of such properties bring financial benefits, and or settlements, regulations will
continue to challenge what is right or wrong when dealing with intellectual property. This is
accurate for many industries, field, and markets. The owner ship of intellectual properties can take a
creation or idea worldwide, the profits from such invention can be endless. This concept is what will
push a persons or organizational ethical principles to its limits. With that in mind, such characters
will do whatever it takes to gain rights to intellectual property. Another very important opinion for
this subject is how long must the duration of intellectual properties last? The longer the patentee
holds on to the idea, the more they will benefit. This is where such believes creates issues for its
particular market. Many individuals and organizations find that such believes are unethical. Many
believe that creations or inventions must be shared with everyone. Such groups want ideas and
creation to be enjoyed by everyone, a public domain (Lau & Johnson, 2014). There are many parties
that stand firm behind this idea, especially when dealing with items or inventions that can benefit or
help the people. An example of such inventions or ideas are the creations of new medicines or
medications.

What Is Intellectual Property?
What is Intellectual Property?
"Intellectual Property (IP) is a term that describes the application of the mind to develop something
new or original. It can exist in various forms such as a new invention, brand, design or artistic
creation". (Ipaustralia, 2014) Therefore, as expressed in the week three lecture, IP signifies the
ownership of ones intangible and non–physical goods. This could include ideas, names, designs,
symbols, artwork, writings, and other creations. It also refers to digital media, such as audio and
video clips that can be accessible and downloaded online. (Funston A, 2014)
Protecting and managing the IP assets is critical when establishing a product or service in the market
and is often the difference between a successful or failing business.
The following list identifies IP and other intangible assets that may be associated with a business:
Patents and trade marks
Domain names
Copyright and industrial design registration
Franchises and licenses
Distribution agreements
Newspaper mastheads/publishing rights
Secret processes and formulas
Information databases, including client lists
Computer systems software
Core technology
Reasons for protecting intellectual property
Since intellectual property is intangible, it is more difficult to protect than other types of property.
Due to its monetary implications, intellectual property is often used as a legal term to safeguard the
rights of creators and inventors. It has also become

Intellectual Property, By The Way
There are many topics that interest a person, but, the topic I'm most interested in is entitled
intellectual property, by the way, one thing one has to know is US is based on freedom of ownership
of property, and also in America, real estate, personally property and intellectual property right has
value of business in America and benefits for individuals. The importance of intellectual property
was outlined in a Paris convention for the protection of industrial property in 1789, and also in the
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886). Both treaties are
administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization, this was an organization that look to
protect industrial company of their property and benefits. Intellectual property can be related to
items of information or knowledge, which is incorporated in tangible objects at the same time in an
uncountable number of copies at different locations anywhere in the world. The property is not
found in those Understanding Industrial Property copies but in the information or knowledge that
explains them. Intellectual property rights are also set up by certain limitations, such as limited
duration in the many case of copyright and patents. I believe intellectual property show's one how to
go about thing to protect things that are yours or made by you, and it take a lot of understanding
mostly law to protect ones item. Intellectual property is a term that is used to describe properties
through

Intellectual Property Interconnected Digital World
Intellectual Property in an Interconnected Digital World Introduction
The concept of intellectual property, copyrights, and patents has been around for many years. The
ancient Greeks had already started to attribute authorship of works to individuals. The purpose is to
encourage people to make new inventions by rewarding them with the exclusive right to "own" their
ideas. Laws have been made to prohibit people from taking other people's ideas unlawfully (i.e.,
stealing) and in general, these laws have been successful in preventing the crime before it is done,
and punishing the criminals after it is done. However, in recent years, the new phenomena of the
Internet and digital technology will change both the concept of intellectual ... Show more content on
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It is not hard to prove that an object belongs to its rightful owner, and therefore, it is not much more
difficult to tell when someone takes other people's physical property. In other words, it is relatively
easy to tell if someone is stealing an intellectual property when stealing a physical object is
involved.
It is also very easy to see a violation of intellectual property law when someone makes an obvious
effort that shows his intention of stealing. If a person joins a high tech company to be part of the
chip design team and then five months later leaves the company to join a competitor which suddenly
releases a similar product with a similar bug, it will not be long until the former company files a
trade secret lawsuit against that person. Even though we cannot see or prove the actual action of
stealing, we are able to deduct that that person is stealing just by observing what he did.
These factors that help us determine if a violation has been committed are useless in the new realm
of the Internet and digital technology. Once converted to digital format, ideas that took form of
writing and music are now just a sequence of zeros and ones. They do not have a physical form at
all and become very abstract. It is hard to determine what belongs to who when the object is very
abstract. Even if we agree that a specific sequence of binaries "belong" to its owner, it is virtually
impossible

Intellectual Property Protection And Stricter Copyright Laws
With all the groups mentioned above, intellectual property protection and stricter copyright laws are
being discussed, which is a step forward in the right direction. The more these organizations reach
out to inform others that intellectual property protection is imperative, the more minds will be had in
building ideas for a better tomorrow. The biggest question is why should the average individual care
about the protection of intellectual property? The answer is, everyone should strive together as
human beings to protect each other's ideas, creations, and fortunes. If that is not a good enough
reason to persuade the average individual, then maybe protecting the loss of money from intellectual
property theft is. The economy is constantly in the news and the nation 's debt is a big concern to
millions of Americans. If the United States' bank account is a big concern, then people should be
worried or at least interested in the progress of intellectual property protection. The United States'
financial problems cannot be fixed with the successful implementation of intellectual property
protection, but it is a positive place to start.
The best solution to protecting intellectual property globally would be to set up an Intellectual
Property Organization in every country and have those organizations report to one large
organization such as The World Intellectual Property Organization. The organization at the top of
this system could be full of scholarly individuals from

Overview Of Intellectual Property Rights
Overview of intellectual property rights and how it relates to Computing
The purpose of the following essay is to discuss inttelectual property rights and its relation to
software, I will then futher discuss the patentabillity of software.
Since the use of the first computer, software has been considered as an addition to the hardware. The
law was adapted to treat software as such. and as such law was made to treat it rightfully like so I.e.
Example law (insert quote here ).
An ongoing opening is rife in the world of law that computing has its own law however these this
has been dispeled by individuals such as Judge Frank Easterbrook who states there is no such thing
as computer law, and goes on to compare justify this statement by useing Dean Gerhard Casper
declaration in xxx that there was no "law of the horse". (Easterbrook, 1996)
Whast is commonly computer law actually refers to a myrid of eclectic amalgamation connected of
concepts that exist in from existing law and said laws are subseqently , which are applied to the
relatively new the claiming of inttelectuall rights for technologies of computer hardware and
computer software, e–mail,security theroms and the Internet and other networks like it.
The objective of this essay is to explorer the nature of software and draw comparisons to objects in
different paradigms to ascertain as to whether the current method of creating patents for software is
correct..
For the sake of this essay I will use Marianne Doig

Pharmaceutical Companies, Intellectual Property
Case Study #1
"Pharmaceutical Companies, Intellectual Property, and the Global AIDS Epidemic"
Questions for Review: 1. Do pharmaceutical companies have a responsibility to distribute drugs for
free or at low cost in developing countries? What are the main arguments for and against such an
approach? What are the advantages and disadvantages of giving drugs for free versus offering them
at low no–profit prices?
–I don't necessarily think that they have the "responsibility" to do so but I think that they should
want to as there are millions dying and suffering tremendously from this epidemic. Pharmaceutical
companies make billions and billions of dollars a year, I feel that they should want to help people
who can't help themselves. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
–I agree that it is an appropriate change in policy. People tend to get greedy when large amounts of
profit come flowing in blinding them of people's real needs for help. The benefit of protecting the
pharmaceutical patents is that it helps the poor get drugs at a lower cost actually giving them a
chance, everyone deserves a chance. We are economically the most advanced compared to any other
country we should want to help those who don't have the means to help themselves. As many could
potentially benefit from this policy it does have its problems. This policy would bring along some
negative impact. For example, Pharmaceutical companies could face long term threats along with
other risks.
5. Given the initiatives announced by global development and aid organizations and among
pharmaceutical companies themselves, was it necessary to relax IPR rules in order to ensure that
adequate supplies of AIDS medications would be available for distribution in the developing world?
–I think that it is necessary to relax some of the IPR rules. IPRS protect creativity and innovation for
the investors making it harder for people to use inventor's ideas without permission, I think that we
should protect intellectual property rights of the pharmaceutical companies. To ensure that adequate
announced supplies of AIDS medications would be available for distribution in the developing
world, yes I believe IPR rules should be relaxed.
6.

Ethics, Intellectual Property, And Piracy

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