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breedingmethodsinsugarcanepdf-190512061759.pptx
- 1. College of Agriculture BZU, BahadurSub-Campus Layyah
- 3. Breeding Objectives To develop sugarcane varieties with characteristics of: • High yielding • High sugar contents • Drought tolerance • Cold tolerance • Salt tolerance • Good ratoon ability • Resistant to insect pest and diseases
- 4. Limitations • Complex genome • Lack of genetic information • Variable chromosome number • Rare flowering habit • Poor fertility • Susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses • Long duration to breed improved cultivars
- 5. Breeding Methods Biparental crosses Area crosses Coimbatore Method Marcotting technique Melting pot technique
- 6. Biparental crosses • Sugarcane is of erratic nature • Male sterility is common • Pollens are dehiscent • Protandrous • Pollens become dead due to winds • Crossing is necessary • In controlled environment
- 8. Marcotting method During flowering, cut around the stem Tie a polythene bag with nutrients. The bud near cut, give rise to roots. This can be cut and used further. This method is called marcotting .
- 9. Coimbatore method • During flowering period, the sugarcane stem will be cut leaving one or two bud. • The cut stem can be transferred to a mud pot having moist mud. • Within 10 days the buds will develop into roots and there will be good root system. • This can be transferred to the breeding block.
- 10. Coimbatore method • In the crossing block, the male and female plants are covered with common lantern. Free shedding pollen over female plant will occur. • We can harvest both selfed and crossed seeds from the female parent. The selfed seeds can be identified by raising them in the nursery. • Selfed seeds thus removed retaining crossed seeds.
- 11. Area crosses 1 Sterile lines are crossed with common male parent 2 Male parent arrow wrapped around female parent 3 Arrow is covered with muslin cloth (air can flow) 4 Used with self incompatible lines
- 12. Melting pot (Hawaii Technique) Male sterile flowers taken Placed in sulphurous acid solution 0.01% Sulphuric Acid 0.01% Phosphoric acid Crossed with male flowers This method eliminates labor cost Ensure large number of viable seeds
- 13. Varieties