2. Simple present tense (સાદો વર્તમાનકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of daily routine and permanent
truth’
• If there is he/she/it as a subject then we have to put verb with s, es.
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + verb + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + do/does + not + verb + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
do/does + subject + verb + object
3. Examples
• I take tea in the morning.
• I do not take tea in the morning.
• Do I take tea in the morning?
• She plays cricket every day.
• She does not play cricket every day.
• Does she play cricket everyday?
4. Simple past tense (સાદો ભૂર્ કાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of past event’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + verb of past tense + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + did + not + verb + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
did + subject + verb + object
5. Examples
• Ramesh went to the market.
• Ramesh did not go to the market.
• Did Ramesh go to the market?
• We sang a song yesterday.
• We did not sing a song yesterday.
• Did we sing a song yesterday?
6. Simple future tense (સાદો ભવવષ્યકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of future event’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + will + verb + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + will + not + verb + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
will + subject + verb + object
7. Examples
• Geeat will buy a car tomorrow.
• Geeta will not buy a car tomorrow.
• Will Geeta buy a car tomorrow?
• They will bring books after two days.
• They will not bring books after two days.
• Will they bring books after two days?
8. The present continuous tense (ચાલુ
વર્તમાનકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of continuous action’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + am/is/are + verb(ing) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + am/is/are + not + verb(ing) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
am/is/are + subject + verb(ing) + object
9. Examples
• Birds are flying in the sky.
• Birds are not flying in the sky.
• Are birds flying in the sky?
• Students are learning English.
• Students are not learning English.
• Are students learning English?
• I am running.
• I am not running.
• Am I running?
10. The past continuous tense (ચાલુ
ભૂર્કાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of continuous action in past’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + was/were + verb(ing) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + was/were + not + verb(ing) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
was/were + subject + verb(ing) + object
11. Examples
• He was driving the car.
• He was not driving the car.
• Was he driving the car?
• We were sleeping in the room last night.
• We were not sleeping in the room last night.
• Were we sleeping in the room last night?
12. The future continuous tense (ચાલુ ભવવષ્યકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of continuous action in future’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + will + be + verb(ing) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + will + not + be + verb(ing) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
will + subject + be + verb(ing) + object
13. Examples
• Riya will be going to Valsad this evening.
• Riya will not be going to Valsad this evening.
• Will Riya be going to Valsad this evening?
• They will be leaving Delhi tomorrow.
• They will not be leaving Delhi tomorrow.
• Will they be leaving Delhi tomorrow?
14. The present perfect tense (પૂર્ત વર્તમાનકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of the action which have finished before
some time’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + have/has + verb(p.p) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + have/has + not + verb(p.p) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
have/has + subject + verb(p.p) + object
15. Examples
• He has opened the window.
• He has not opened the window.
• Has he opened the window?
• They have thrown the ball.
• They have not thrown the ball.
• Have they thrown the ball?
16. The past perfect tense (પૂર્ત ભૂર્કાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of two actions in one sentence, for the
first action we have to use past perfect tense while for second action
simple past tense’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + had + verb(p.p) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + had + not + verb(p.p) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
had + subject + verb(p.p) + object
17. Examples
• I had caught the thief before the police arrived.
• I had not caught the thief before the police arrived.
• Had I caught the thief before the police arrived?
• I had learnt French when I jointed school.
• I had not learnt French when I jointed school.
• Had I learnt French when I jointed school.
18. The future perfect tense (પૂર્ત ભવવષ્યકાળ)
• ‘we can use it to make sentences of the action which have finished in
future’
Affirmative Sentence Pattern
subject + will + have + verb(p.p) + object
Negative sentence pattern
subject + will + not + have + verb(p.p) + object
Interrogative sentence pattern
will + subject + have + verb(p.p) + object
19. Examples
• The teacher will have finished the lesson.
• The teacher will not have finished the lesson.
• Will the teacher have finished the lesson?
• The Narmada water will have reached Dholera.
• The Narmada water will not (won’t) have reached Dholera.
• Will the Narmada water have reached Dholera?
