Pengetahuan Dasar Teknik Alat Berat

1. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fundamental Power Train System

2. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Tujuan Pembelajaran
a
Pengenalan pengoperasian power train

3. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Metode Pengajaran
• Pembelajaran dibagi menjadi 4 pokok
bahasan presentasi
• Beri pertanyaan setelah topik di
presentasikan
• Lakukan test di mana siswa di haruskan
untuk memperoleh nilai minimum 80%
a

4. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topic 1
Pengertian Dasar Power Train

5. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pokok Pembahasan
• Maksud dari power train dan empat fungsinya
• istilah yang berhubungan dengan Power
Train:
 Kerja
 Gaya
 Daya
 Torsi
 Efisiensi
a

6. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Introduction

7. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Kincir air

8. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fungsi utama
• Menghubungkan dan memutuskan
power dari engine
• Merubah kecepatan dan torsi
• Mengubah arah
• Menyamakan distribusi power ke
roda penggerak

9. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Kerja dan Gaya
• Kerja dapat dikatakan terjadinya
suatu gaya yang konstan pada benda
yang dapat melawan hambatan dan
menggerakkan benda tersebut.
• Kerja sama dengan Gaya yang
digunakan untuk menggerakkan
suatu benda dikalikan dengan jarak
benda yang berpindah.
• Kerja = Gaya x Jarak (J = N x m)

10. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Power
• Definisi power berhubungan antara
kerja dan waktu.
• Power sebagai pelaksana kerja
(Pentransferan energi)
• Power = Kerja x Waktu
(P = J x s)

11. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torsi
• Torsi adalah gaya putar yang
diaplikasikan pada sebuah benda
yang cenderung membuat benda
berputar pada sumbu putarnya.
• Torsi = Gaya x Jarak (T = F x m)

12. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Efisiensi
• Beberapa jumlah dari power hilang:
 Adanya gesekan
 Menjadi panas
• Efisiensi ditentukan oleh dari daya
keluar sampai daya masuk :
 Output Actual di banding Output
Theoritical
• Nilai efisiensi selalu kurang dari 100%

13. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 2
Gear

14. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pokok pembahasan
• Prinsip umum yang berhubungan
dengan gear
• Aplikasi dari gear
• Gear terminologi
• Rasio Gear dan Keuntungan mekanis-
nya
a

15. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear
• Gigi gear
• Desain awal gear
 Tidak efisien
 Berisik
 Sulit
• Transmisi gear sekarang digunakan
untuk putaran tinggi dan keluaran
power

16. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear
• Di gunakan untuk meneruskan power
diantara perputaran shaft
• Toothed gear normally semakin
banyak :
 Sederhana
 Tahan uji
 Efisiensi

17. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear
• Menyediakan reduksi pada peralatan
yang bergerak
• Merubah arah putaran
• Menyediakan pergerakan yang halus

18. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Rotating Gear

19. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Idler Gear

20. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Train

21. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pinion Gear

22. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Spline

23. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Key

24. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Straight Cut atau Spur Gears

25. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Helical Gear

26. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Herringbone Gear

27. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Plain Bevel Gears

28. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spiral Bevel Gear

29. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hypoid Gear

30. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Worm Gear

31. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Rack dan Pinion Gear Set

32. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Internal dan External Gear

33. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
External dan Internal Gear

34. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Terminology

35. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Face Width

36. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Involute Curve

37. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pressure Angle

38. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Tooth Clearance

39. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Keuntungan Mekanikal

40. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Keuntungan Kecepatan dan Torque

41. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Reduction

42. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Overdrive
05:1

43. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Idler Gear Ratio

44. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Compound Gear Ratios
12
24 10
30

45. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 3
Planetary Gear

46. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Planetary Gear Set
• Menyediakan
 Forward Overdrive
 Forward Reduction
 Mundur Cepat
 Mundur Lambat
 Neutral
 Direct drive

47. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Komponen

48. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Keuntungan Rancangan
• Pertautan Gear Konstan
• Ringkas
• Banyak Manfaat
• Menggunakan Kombinasi Gear Set

49. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Bagaimana Planetary Gears
Bekerja

50. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hukum Cara Kerja Planetary Gear
Sun Gear Carrier Ring Gear Kecepatan Torsi Arah Keluaran
1 Input Output Di tahan Pengurangan
maksimum
Meningkat Sama seperti Input
2 Di tahan Output Input Pengurangan
minimum
Meningkat Sama seperti Input
3 Output Input Di tahan Penambahan
maksimum
Pengurangan Sama seperti Input
4 Di tahan Input Di tahan Penambahan
minimum
Pengurangan Sama seperti Input
5 Input Di tahan Output Pengurangan
maksimum
Meningkat Kebalikan dari Input
6 Output Di tahan Input Penambahan
maksimum
Pengurangan Kebalikan dari Input
7 Bila dua anggota di tahan secara bersama, kecepatan dan arah sama dengan input .
langsung1:1 pergerakan terjadi
8 Bila tidak ada anggota yang ditahan atau di kunci bersamaan, maka tidak ada keluaran.
Hasilnya adalah kondisi netral

51. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Arah Gear Internal dan External

52. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Maximum Forward Reduction

53. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Minimum Forward Reduction

54. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Maximum Overdrive
(Input)
(Output)

55. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Slow Overdrive

56. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Slow Reverse

57. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fast Reverse

58. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Direct Drive

59. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Netral

60. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 4
Tipe Power Train

61. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pokok Pembahasan
• Pengoperasian dasar Mechanical Drive
• Penggoperasian dasar Hydrostatic Drive
• Penggoperasian dasar Electric Drive
a

62. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Tipe Power Train
• Penggerak Mekanis
• Penggerak Hidrostatis
• Penggerak Listrik

63. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Penggerak Mekanis
• Gear
• Rantai dan sprocket
• Friction Drive
• Belt

64. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gambaran Skematik
Engine
Torque
Converter
or Clutch
Transmission Differential
Final Drive
Final Drive

65. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Roda dan Track
Komponen terakhir yang meneruskan
power ke permukaan tanah untuk
menggerakkan mesin

66. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gear Drive

67. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Penggerak Gear pada Axle

68. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Penggerak Planetary Gear

69. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Planetary
Transmission
Planetary Final
Drive

70. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Countershaft Gear Set

71. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Bull Gear Final Drive
Driving Gear
Driven Gear
Reduksi Kecepatan
Penggandaan
Torque

72. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Bevel dan Pinion Gear Set

73. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Matched Bevel dan Pinion
Gears

74. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Chain Drive

75. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Komponen Roller Chain
Roller Link Side Plate
Bushing
Roller
Roller Link Side Plate
Pin Link

76. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Chain Tensioning
Idler &
Tensioner

77. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Contoh Chain Drive pada Machine

78. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Contoh Chain Drive pada Machine

79. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Friction Drive

80. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Friction Drive

81. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Disc Drive

82. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Belt Drive

83. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Contoh Belt Drive

84. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hydrostatic Drive

85. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hydrostatic Drive

86. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Electric Drive

87. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Electric Drive

88. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Electric Drive

89. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 4
Clutch & Torque Converter

90. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Flywheel Clutch

91. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fungsi Clutch
• Clutch adalah komponen yang
digunakan untuk menghubung dan
memutuskan aliran tenaga dari
engine menuju transmisi

92. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis-jenis Clucth dan
Penggunaanya
• Single Plate, Single Stage Clutch:
 Digunakan pada Mobil
• Twin Plate, Single Stage Clutch:
 Digunakan pada Truck (300 + hp)
 Mesin Pertanian

93. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis Clutch
• Dry Clutch
• Wet Clutches

94. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis Clutch
Dog Clutch

95. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Cone Clutch

96. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Disc Clutch
Clutch Disc
Pressure Plate Assembly

97. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Wet Clutch

98. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Basic Operation

99. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Basic Operation

100. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Komponen
Single Plate Clutch

101. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Clutch Disc

102. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pressure Plate Assembly
Pressure Plate
Flywheel Bolt Access Drive Tab
Drive Lug
Pivot Rings
Rivets
Diaphragm
Cover

103. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Release Bearing

104. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Clutch Mechanism
Mechanical

105. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Clutch Mechanism
Cable

106. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Clutch Mechanism
Hydraulic

107. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Multi-plate Clutch

108. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hydrodynamic
Istilah yang digunakan untuk
menggambarkan kerja yang
dilakukan oleh suatu cairan yang
bergerak

109. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Pump
Turbine

110. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Operation

111. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Operation

112. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Oil Flow

113. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Rotary Oil Flow

114. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Vortex Oil Flow

115. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fluid Coupling
Efficiency
• Input torque sama dengan output
torque
• Terjadi 10% slippage
• Menyalurkan tenaga, tapi tidak
meningkatkan torsi
• Oli pada impeller dan turbine tidak
mengalir ke satu arah

116. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Converter
• Torque Converter dapat
melipatgandakan torsi

117. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Converter
Turbine
Stator
Impeller
Rotating Housing

118. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Impeller Function

119. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Stator Operation

120. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Oil Flow

121. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Converter With
One-Way Clutch
One-Way
Clutch

122. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
One-Way Torque Converter

123. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Lock-Up Clutch Torque
Converter

124. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Lock-Up Clutch Torque
Converter

125. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Converter With
Impeller Clutch

126. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Converter With Impeller
Clutch

127. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Cara Kerja Impeller Clutch

128. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Variable Capacity Torque
Converter

129. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Outer Impeller

130. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Torque Divider

131. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Komponen Torque Divider

132. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 4
Transmission

133. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Fungsi Transmisi
• Mengubah kecepatan
• Mengubah Torsi
• Menghasilkan Pergerakkan
Mundur

134. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis-jenis Transmisi
• Manual Transmission
 Sliding Gear
 Constant Mesh
• Powershift Transmission
 Countershaft
 Planetary

135. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Sliding Gear

136. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Constant Mesh

137. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Countershaft

138. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

139. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Tampak Belakang

140. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Komponen

141. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Power Flow – 1st Gear Forward

142. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Clutch

143. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Hydraulic System

144. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Control Valve
Solenoids
Directional
Selector Spools
Load Pistons
Modulation
Spools
Speed Selector
Spools
Reverse
Directional
Spool
3rd Gear Speed
Selector Spool

145. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Control Valve - Neutral

146. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Planetary Transmission

147. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

148. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

149. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Plate Disc

150. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

151. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

152. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

153. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

154. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

155. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Double Carrier

156. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Planetary Transmission

157. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Control Valve

158. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Control Valve:
• Manual Control/Single Modulation
• ICM (Individual Clutch Modulation)
• ECS (Electronic Clutch Selection)
• ECPC (Electronic Clutch Pressure Control

159. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

160. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Manual Control / Single Modulation

161. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Individual Clutch Modulation

162. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
On Transmission

163. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
ECS

164. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

165. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
ECPC

166. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

167. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hydrostatic (Open Loop)

168. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Close Loops

169. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Travel Motor

170. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 5
Differential

171. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis Differential
• Conventional
• Differential Lock
• Limited Slip
• No spin

172. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Location

173. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Conventional

174. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spider Gear Connection

175. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Side Gear Connection

176. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spider Shaft

177. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pinion Gear

178. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Bevel Gear

179. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spider Gear

180. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Cara Kerja Differential

181. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Differential Lock

182. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

183. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

184. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

185. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

186. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Limited Slip

187. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Two Piece Spider

188. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

189. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pressure Ring &Side Gear

190. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Disc & Plate

191. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

192. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
No-SPIN Differential

193. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
No-Spin

194. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Side Gear & Jaw Clutch

195. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spider & Center Cam

196. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hold Out Ring & Center Cam

197. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Hold Out Ring

198. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

199. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Outer Teeth Engage

200. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
One Jaw Clutch Disengage

201. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Spider Key & Center Cam

202. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Disengage Hold Out Ring

203. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

204. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 4
Final Drive

205. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis-jenis Final Drive :
• Bull Gear
• Single Reduction
• Double Reduction

206. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Bull Gear

207. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

208. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

209. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Single Reduction

210. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

211. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Double Reduction

212. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 7
Steering & Brake System

213. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Steering Clutch

214. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

215. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

216. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Steering Clutch
Friction Disc and Plate

217. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Control Component

218. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Transmission Charge Pump

219. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Priority Valve

220. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Steering Clutch and Brake
Control Valve

221. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Gradual Right Turn

222. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Brake Pedal Depressed

223. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Electronically Controlled Steering System

224. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Steering and Brake Electrical
System

225. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Electrical Component
Finger Tip Control

226. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Differential Steering

227. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Component
Steering Motor Transfer Gears Pinion Gears Bevel
Gears
Outer Axle Shaft
Final Drive
Outer Axle
Shaft
Steering
Differential
Bevel Gear
Shaft
Inner Axle
Shaft
Planetary
and Brake
Final Drive

228. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

229. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Steering Circuit Operation
Steering Control Valve Hold

230. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Left Turn

231. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Straight Line Operation

232. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Right Turn

233. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Brake System

234. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Jenis-jenis Brake :
• Expanding Shoe
• Contracting Band
• Caliper Disc
• Multiple Disc

235. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Expanding Shoe

236. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

237. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Contracting Band

238. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Caliper Disc

239. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

240. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Multi Disc

241. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

242. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Brake Application:
• Service Brake
• Manual Retarder Brake
• ARC
• Parking Brake
• Secondary/Emergency Brake

243. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

244. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

245. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Brake Pedal

246. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

247. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Brake Chamber

248. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Topik 8
Suspension System

249. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
LOAD SHARING PRINCIPLES
Non-Load-Sharing

250. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Non-Load-Sharing

251. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Load-Sharing

252. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Load-Sharing

253. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Coil Springs – Spring Rate

254. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Oscillating Tandem Suspension

255. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Oscillating Tandem Suspension

256. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Oval Track Suspension

257. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Dead Axle Arrangement

258. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Track Frame

259. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Equaliser Bar

260. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Equaliser Bar

261. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Elevated Sprocket

262. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Elevated Sprocket

263. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Rubber Pad

264. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Pivot Shaft

265. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Roller Frame
Pivot Shaft
Equaliser Bar

266. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Equaliser Bar

267. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Equaliser Bar End & Pin

268. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Connection – Equaliser Bar to
Roller Frame

269. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Off-Highway Truck
• Terdapat empat
suspension
cylinder
• Diisi dengan oli
dan gas nitrogen

270. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Front Suspension Cylinder

271. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Rear Suspension Cylinder

272. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

273. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

274. Technical Induction for Non-Technician

275. Technical Induction for Non-Technician
Nitrogen Displacement

276. Technical Induction for Non-Technician